S-1/A 1 b62173a6sv1za.htm ALTRA HOLDINGS, INC. sv1za
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 12, 2006
Registration No. 333-137660
 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Amendment No. 6
to
Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
Altra Holdings, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
         
Delaware   3568   61-1478870
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
14 Hayward Street
Quincy, Massachusetts 02171
(617) 328-3300
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
 
Michael L. Hurt
Chief Executive Officer
Altra Holdings, Inc.
14 Hayward Street
Quincy, Massachusetts 02171
(617) 328-3300
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)
 
Copies to:
     
Craig W. Adas, Esq.
Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
201 Redwood Shores Parkway
Redwood Shores, California 94065
(650) 802-3000
  Valerie Ford Jacob, Esq.
Stuart Gelfond, Esq.
Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP
One New York Plaza
New York, New York 10004-1980
(212) 859-8000
 
          Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
          If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.     o
          If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
          If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
          If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
                         
                         
                         
            Proposed Maximum     Proposed Maximum      
Title of Each Class of     Amount to be     Offering Price Per     Aggregate     Amount of
Securities to be Registered     Registered(a)     Share(b)     Offering Price(b)     Registration Fee(c)
                         
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share
    11,500,000 shares     $16.00     $184,000,000     $19,688
                         
                         
(a)  Includes shares of common stock which may be purchased by the underwriters to cover over-allotments, if any.
 
(b)  Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(o) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933.
 
(c)  Previously paid.
          The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 
 


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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus dated December 12, 2006
PROSPECTUS
10,000,000 Shares
ALTRA LOGO
Altra Holdings, Inc.
Common Stock
 
          This is Altra Holdings, Inc.’s initial public offering of shares of its common stock. Altra Holdings, Inc. is selling 3,333,334 shares of common stock and Altra Holdings, Inc. stockholders are selling 6,666,666 shares of common stock.
          We expect the public offering price to be between $14.00 and $16.00 per share. Prior to this offering, no public market existed for the shares. Our common stock has been approved for listing on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “AIMC.”
          Investing in the common stock involves risks that are described in the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page 10 of this prospectus.
 
                 
    Per Share   Total
         
Public offering price
  $       $    
Underwriting discount
  $       $    
Proceeds, before expenses, to Altra Holdings, Inc. 
  $       $    
Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling stockholders
  $       $    
          The underwriters may also purchase up to an additional 1,500,000 shares of common stock from the selling stockholders, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any.
          Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
          The shares will be ready for delivery on or about                    , 2006.
 
Merrill Lynch & Co.
  Jefferies & Company
  Robert W. Baird & Co.
  Wachovia Securities
 
The date of this prospectus is                    , 2006.


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 EX-1.1 Form of Purchase Agreement
 EX-3.1 Amendment to the Amended & Restated Certificate
 EX-5.1 Opinion of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
 Ex-23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
 Ex-23.2 Consent of BDO Stoy Hayward LLP
 
          You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.


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SUMMARY
          The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information and consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and may not contain all of the information that may be important to you. You should read the entire prospectus, including the “Risk Factors” section and our consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements, before making an investment decision. In this prospectus, unless indicated otherwise, references to (i) the terms “the company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Altra Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, (ii) the terms “pro forma” or “on a pro forma basis,” when used to describe our operations, unless the context otherwise requires, refer to our operations after giving effect to the Other Transactions and the Hay Hall Acquisition after conversion into U.S. dollars at the assumed exchange rates described herein (each as defined under “Our Formation, Recent Acquisitions and The Kilian Transactions”), as if they had occurred as of the applicable date for balance sheet purposes and the first day of the applicable period for results of operations purposes, (iii) any “fiscal” year refers to the twelve months ended on December 31 of such year, and (iv) “PTH,” “Colfax PT” or “Predecessor” refers to the power transmission business of Colfax Corporation, or Colfax, which is our accounting predecessor. For the definition of “EBITDA,” a reconciliation of EBITDA to a generally accepted accounting principle, or GAAP, measure, and information about the limitation of the use of these financial measures, see Note 3 in the Summary Consolidated Financial Data and Note 1 in the Selected Historical Financial and Other Data.
Our Company
          We are a leading global designer, producer and marketer of a wide range of mechanical power transmission, or MPT, and motion control products serving customers in a diverse group of industries, including energy, general industrial, material handling, mining, transportation and turf and garden. Our product portfolio includes industrial clutches and brakes, enclosed gear drives, open gearing, couplings, engineered bearing assemblies, linear components and other related products. Our products are used in a wide variety of high-volume manufacturing processes, where the reliability and accuracy of our products are critical in both avoiding costly down time and enhancing the overall efficiency of manufacturing operations. Our products are also used in non-manufacturing applications where product quality and reliability are especially critical, such as clutches and brakes for elevators, and residential and commercial lawnmowers. For the nine months ended September 29, 2006, we had net sales of $347.5 million, net income of $10.7 million and EBITDA of $46.9 million.
          We market our products under well recognized and established brands, many of which have been in existence for over 50 years. We believe many of our brands, when taken together with our brands in the same product category, achieved the number one or number two position in terms of consolidated market share and brand awareness in their respective product categories. Our products are either incorporated into products sold by original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, sold to end users directly or sold through industrial distributors.
          We are led by a highly experienced management team that has established a proven track record of execution, successfully completing and integrating major strategic acquisitions and delivering significant growth in both revenue and profits. We employ a comprehensive business process called the Altra Business System, or ABS, which focuses on eliminating inefficiencies from every business process to improve quality, delivery and cost.
Our Industry
          Based on industry data supplied by Penton Information Services, we estimate that industrial power transmission products generated sales in the United States of approximately $30.3 billion in 2005. These products are used to generate, transmit, control and transform mechanical energy. The industrial power transmission industry can be divided into three areas: MPT products; motors and generators; and

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adjustable speed drives. We compete primarily in the MPT area which, based on industry data, we estimate was a $15.7 billion market in the United States in 2005.
          The global MPT market is highly fragmented, with over 1,000 small manufacturers. While smaller companies tend to focus on regional niche markets with narrow product lines, larger companies that generate annual sales of over $100 million generally offer a much broader range of products and have global capabilities. The industry’s customer base is broadly diversified across many sectors of the economy and typically places a premium on factors such as quality, reliability, availability and design and application engineering support. We believe the most successful industry participants are those that leverage their distribution network, their products’ reputations for quality and reliability and their service and technical support capabilities to maintain attractive margins on products and gain market share.
Our Strengths
          Leading Market Shares and Brand Names. We believe we hold the number one or number two market position in key products across several of our core platforms. We are one of the leading manufacturers of industrial clutches and brakes in the world. We believe that over 50% of our sales are derived from products where we hold the number one or number two share and brand recognition, on a consolidated basis with our brands in the same product category, in the markets we serve.
          Large Installed Base Supporting Aftermarket Sales. With a history dating back to 1877 with the formation of Boston Gear, we believe we benefit from one of the largest installed customer bases in the industry which leads to significant aftermarket replacement demand creating a recurring revenue stream. For the nine months ended September 29, 2006, we estimate that approximately 43% of our revenues were derived from aftermarket sales.
          Diversified End-Markets. Our revenue base has balanced exposure across a diverse mix of end user industries, including energy, general industrial, material handling, mining, transportation and turf and garden, which helps mitigate the impact of business and economic cycles. In the first nine months of 2006, no single industry represented more than 10% of our total sales and in addition approximately 29% of our sales were from outside North America.
          Strong Relationships with Distributors and OEMs. We have over 700 direct OEM customers and enjoy established, long-term relationships with the leading MPT industrial distributors, critical factors that contribute to our high base of recurring aftermarket revenues. We sell our products through more than 3,000 distributor outlets worldwide.
          Experienced, High-Caliber Management Team. We are led by a highly experienced management team with over 425 years of cumulative industrial business experience and an average of 14 years with our companies. Our CEO, Michael Hurt, has over 39 years of experience in the MPT industry, while COO Carl Christenson has over 25 years of experience.
          The Altra Business System. We benefit from an established culture of lean management emphasizing quality, delivery and cost through the ABS. ABS is at the core of our performance-driven culture and drives both our strategic development and operational improvements. We estimate that in the period from January 1, 2005 through June 30, 2006, ABS has enabled us to achieve savings of over $5 million through various initiatives.
          Proven Product Development Capabilities. Our extensive application engineering know-how drives both new and repeat sales. Our broad portfolio of products, knowledge and expertise across various MPT applications allows us to provide our customers customized solutions to meet their specific needs.

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Our Business Strategy
          We intend to continue to increase our sales through organic growth, expand our geographic reach and product offering through strategic acquisitions and improve our profitability through cost reduction initiatives. We seek to achieve these objectives through the following strategies:
  Leverage Our Sales and Distribution Network. We intend to continue to leverage our relationships with our distributors to gain shelf space, further integrate our recently acquired brands with our core brands and sell new products. We seek to capitalize on customer brand preference for our products to generate pull-through aftermarket demand from our distribution channel.
 
  Focus our Strategic Marketing on New Growth Opportunities. Through a systematic process that leverages our core brands and products, we seek to identify attractive markets and product niches, collect customer and market data, identify market drivers, tailor product and service solutions to specific market and customer requirements and deploy resources to gain market share and drive future sales growth.
 
  Accelerate New Product and Technology Development. We are highly focused on developing new products across our business in response to customer needs in various markets. In total, we expect new products developed by us during the past three years to generate approximately $40 million in revenues in 2006.
 
  Capitalize on Growth and Sourcing Opportunities in the Asia-Pacific Market. We intend to leverage our established sales offices in China, Taiwan and Singapore, as well as add representation in Japan and South Korea. We also intend to expand our manufacturing presence in Asia beyond our current plant in Shenzhen, China. During 2005, we sourced approximately 12% of our purchases from low-cost countries, resulting in average cost reductions of approximately 40% for these products. We intend to utilize our sourcing office in Shanghai to significantly increase our current level of low-cost country sourced purchases. We may also consider opportunities to outsource some of our production from North American and Western European locations to Asia.
 
  Continue to Improve Operational and Manufacturing Efficiencies through ABS. We believe we can continue to improve profitability through cost control, overhead rationalization, global process optimization, continued implementation of lean manufacturing techniques and strategic pricing initiatives. We have implemented these principles with our recent acquisitions of Hay Hall Holdings Limited, or Hay Hall, and Bear Linear LLC, or Bear Linear, and intend to apply such principles to future acquisitions.
 
  Pursue Strategic Acquisitions that Complement our Strong Platform. Management believes that there may be a number of attractive potential acquisition candidates in the future, in part due to the fragmented nature of the industry. We plan to continue our disciplined pursuit of strategic acquisitions to accelerate our growth, enhance our industry leadership and create value.
Risks Related to Our Strategies
          You should also consider the many risks we face that could mitigate our competitive strengths and limit our ability to implement our business strategies, including:
  if we are unable to address technological advances, or introduce new or improved products to meet customer needs, we may be unable to maintain or enhance our competitive positions with customers and distributors;
 
  if we are unable to continue to effectively implement our ABS operating plan, outsource parts and manufacturing from low cost countries, or introduce new cost effective manufacturing techniques, we may not continue to achieve cost savings;

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  our ability to improve or sustain operating margins as a result of cost-savings may be further impacted by cost increases in raw materials to the extent we are unable to offset any such cost increases with price increases on a timely basis;
 
  in the past, we have grown through acquisitions and we may be unable to identify attractive acquisition candidates, successfully integrate acquired operations or realize the intended benefits of our acquisitions; and
 
  as we expand our international operations we may be further subjected to risks not present in the U.S. markets such as foreign and U.S. government regulations and restrictions, tariffs and other trade barriers, foreign exchange risks and other risks related to political, economic and social instability.
          Investing in our common stock involves significant risks. Our ability to attain our objectives depends upon our success in addressing risks relating to our business and the industries we serve. You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this prospectus, including the specific factors set forth under “Risk Factors,” before deciding whether to invest in our common stock.
Our Formation, Recent Acquisitions and Other Transactions
          The PTH Acquisition. On November 30, 2004, we acquired our original core business through the acquisition of Power Transmission Holding LLC, or PTH, from Warner Electric Holding, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Colfax Corporation, for $180.0 million in cash. PTH was organized in June 2004 to be the holding company for a group of companies comprising the power transmission business of Colfax Corporation. We refer to our acquisition of PTH as the “PTH Acquisition.”
          The Kilian Transactions. On October 22, 2004, The Kilian Company, or Kilian, a company formed at the direction of Genstar Capital LLC, or Genstar Capital, our principal equity sponsor, acquired Kilian Manufacturing Corporation from Timken U.S. Corporation for $8.8 million in cash and the assumption of $12.2 million of debt. At the completion of the PTH Acquisition, (i) all of the outstanding shares of Kilian capital stock were exchanged for approximately $8.8 million of shares of our capital stock and Kilian and its subsidiaries were transferred to our wholly owned subsidiary, Altra Industrial Motion, Inc., or Altra Industrial, and (ii) all outstanding debt of Kilian was retired with a portion of the proceeds of the sale of Altra Industrial’s 9.0% senior secured notes due 2011. See “Description of Indebtedness.”
          The Hay Hall Acquisition. On February 10, 2006, we acquired all of the outstanding share capital of Hay Hall Holdings Limited, or Hay Hall, for $50.3 million in cash. Hay Hall and its subsidiaries became our indirect wholly owned subsidiaries.
          In connection with our acquisition of Hay Hall, Altra Industrial issued £33.0 million of 111/4% senior notes due 2013. See “Description of Indebtedness.”
          The Bear Linear Acquisition. On May 18, 2006, Altra Industrial acquired substantially all of the assets of Bear Linear for $5.0 million in cash. Approximately $3.5 million was paid at closing and the remaining $1.5 million is payable over the next two and a half years. Bear Linear manufactures high value-added linear actuators for mobile off-highway and industrial applications.
Our Corporate Information
          We are a holding company and conduct our operations through Altra Industrial and its subsidiaries. We were incorporated in Delaware in 2004. Our principal executive offices are located at 14 Hayward Street, Quincy, Massachusetts 02171. Our telephone number is (617) 328-3300. Our website is located at www.altramotion.com. The information appearing on our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus.

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Corporate Structure
We are Altra Industrial’s parent company and own 100% of Altra Industrial’s outstanding capital stock. Altra Industrial, directly or indirectly, owns 100% of the capital stock of its 44 subsidiaries. The following chart illustrates a summary of our corporate structure:
(Corporate Structure Chart)
Our Principal Equity Sponsor
Genstar Capital, LLC, formed in 1988 and based in San Francisco, is a private equity firm that makes investments in high-quality, middle-market companies. Genstar Capital works in partnership with management as an advisor to us to create long-term value for our stockholders. Genstar Capital has over $900 million of committed capital under management and significant experience investing with a focus on life sciences, business services and industrial technology. Current portfolio companies include American Pacific Enterprises LLC, Andros Incorporated, AXIA Health Management LLC, Fort Dearborn Company, Harlan Sprague Dawley, Inc., INSTALLS inc, LLC, North American Construction Group, OnCURE Medical Corp., Panolam Industries International, Inc., PRA International, Inc. (NASDAQ: PRAI), Propex Inc. and Woods Equipment Company. Genstar Capital’s strategy is to make control-oriented investments and acquire companies with $100 million to $1 billion in annual revenues in a variety of growth, buyout, recapitalization and consolidation transactions.
Currently, Genstar Capital Partners III, L.P. and Stargen III, L.P., which are entities controlled by Genstar Capital, own 25,985,000 shares of our convertible preferred stock. Immediately prior to the consummation of our initial public offering, these shares will convert into 12,992,501 shares of our common stock, representing 65.8% of our issued and outstanding shares. Entities controlled by Genstar Capital will sell 4,997,998 shares of our common stock in this offering, plus an additional 935,803 shares of our common stock if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. Entities controlled by Genstar Capital will beneficially own 34.6% of our common stock after the offering, or 30.6% if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full.
Trademarks
Warner Electric, Boston Gear, Kilian Manufacturing, Nuttall Gear, Ameridrives, Wichita Clutch, Formsprag Clutch, Bibby Transmissions, Stieber, Matrix International, Inertia Dynamics, Twiflex Limited, Industrial Clutch, Huco Dynatork, Marland Clutch, Delroyd Worm Gear, Bear Linear and Saftek are some of our proprietary brand names and trademarks that appear in this prospectus. All other trademarks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders.

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The Offering
Common Stock offered by Altra Holdings, Inc 3,333,334 shares
 
Common Stock to be offered by the selling stockholders 6,666,666 shares. Of these shares, 280,527 shares will be sold by certain of our directors and executive officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders.”
 
Shares outstanding after the offering 23,087,591 shares
 
Use of proceeds We estimate our net proceeds from this offering without exercise of the over-allotment option will be approximately $41.5 million. We intend to use these proceeds to repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness and for general working capital. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.
 
Risk factors See “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.
 
Dividend policy We do not currently intend to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock.
 
NASDAQ symbol “AIMC”
          The number of shares of our common stock outstanding after the offering excludes shares available for issuance under future option grants under our equity incentive plan but includes restricted shares of our common stock for which the restrictions have not yet lapsed based on employee service. Unless we indicate otherwise, all information in this prospectus assumes the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase from the selling stockholders up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock to cover over-allotments.
          Unless we indicate otherwise, all information in this prospectus assumes an initial public offering price of $15.00 per share, the midpoint of the estimated public offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. All reference to our common stock and per share amounts give effect to the two for one reverse stock split effected on December 11, 2006 and assumes the conversion of all of our outstanding preferred stock. Our preferred stock will automatically convert into shares of common stock on the effective date of this offering on a one share of common stock for every two shares of preferred stock outstanding basis.

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Summary Consolidated Financial Data
                                                                   
            Pro Forma(1)       Altra Holdings, Inc.     Predecessor
                       
    Historical       Combined          
            Twelve   Twelve          
    Nine Months   Twelve   Nine Months   Months   Months   Period from     Eleven   Twelve
    Ended   Months   Ended   Ended   Ended   December 1, 2004     Months   Months
    September 29,   Ended   September 29,   December 31,   December 31,   Through     Ended   Ended
    2006   December 31,   2006   2005   2004(2)   December 31,     November 30,   December 31,
    (Unaudited)   2005   (Unaudited)   (Unaudited)   (Unaudited)   2004     2004   2003
                                   
    (in thousands)          
Statement of Operations Data:
                                                                 
Net sales
  $ 347,511     $ 363,465     $ 354,457     $ 426,446     $ 303,662     $ 28,625       $ 275,037     $ 266,863  
Cost of sales
    252,959       271,952       255,771       307,106       233,100       23,847         209,253       207,941  
                                                   
Gross profit
    94,552       91,513       98,686       119,340       70,562       4,778         65,784       58,922  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    57,364       61,480       59,052       89,477       54,294       8,973         45,321       52,968  
Research and development expenses
    3,807       4,683                   4,325       378         3,947        
Gain on curtailment of post-retirement benefit plan
    (3,838 )                                            
(Gain) on sale of assets
                            (1,300 )             (1,300 )      
Restructuring charge, asset impairment and transition expenses
                            947               947       11,085  
                                                   
Income (loss) from operations
    37,219       25,350       39,634       29,863       12,296       (4,573 )       16,869       (5,131 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 10,693     $ 2,504     $ 11,649     $ 1,042     $ 1,002     $ (5,893 )     $ 6,895     $ (9,306 )
                                                   
Other Financial Data:
                                                                 
EBITDA(3)(4)
  $ 46,883     $ 36,900     $ 49,495     $ 44,470     $ 19,141     $ (3,654 )     $ 22,795     $ 3,057  
Depreciation and amortization
    10,311       11,533       10,508       14,395       6,993       919         6,074       8,653  
Capital expenditures
    6,133       6,199       6,133       7,437       3,778       289         3,489       5,294  
                         
    Altra Holdings, Inc.
     
    September 29,   December 31,
    2006    
    (Unaudited)   2005   2004
             
    (in thousands)
Balance Sheet Data (at end of period):
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 5,760     $ 10,060     $ 4,729  
Working capital(5)
    80,336       52,863       57,571  
Total assets
    374,084       297,691       299,387  
Total debt
    229,327       173,760       173,851  
Convertible preferred stock and other long-term liabilities
    72,676       71,622       76,665  
 
(1)  The term “Pro forma” refers to our operations after giving effect to the Other Transactions and the Hay Hall Acquisition after conversion into U.S. dollars at the assumed exchange rates described herein (each as described under “Our Formation, Recent Acquisitions and Other Transactions”),

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as if they had occurred as of the applicable date for balance sheet purposes and the first day of the applicable period for results of operations purposes.
 
(2)  The combined results were prepared by adding the results of Altra from December 1 to December 31, 2004 to those from our Predecessor for the 11 month period ending November 31, 2004. This presentation is not in accordance with GAAP. The primary differences between our Predecessor and the successor entity are the inclusion of Kilian in the successor and the successor’s book basis has been stepped up to fair value such that the successor has additional depreciation, amortization and financing costs. The results of Kilian are included in Altra for the period from December 1, 2004 through December 31, 2004. Management believes that this combined basis presentation provides useful information for our investors in the comparison to Predecessor trends and operating results. The combined results are not necessarily indicative of what our results of operations may have been if the PTH Acquisition and Kilian Transactions had been consummated earlier, nor should they be construed as being a representation of our future results of operations.
 
(3)  EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is used by us as a performance measure. Management believes that EBITDA provides relevant information for our investors because it is useful for trending, analyzing and benchmarking the performance and value of our business. Management also believes that EBITDA is useful in assessing current performance compared with the historical performance of our Predecessor because significant line items within our income statements such as depreciation, amortization and interest expense were significantly impacted by the PTH Acquisition. Internally, EBITDA is used as a financial measure to assess the operating performance and is an important measure in our incentive compensation plans. EBITDA has important limitations, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. For example, EBITDA does not reflect:
  cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
 
  changes in, or cash requirements for, working capital needs;
 
  the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on debts;
 
  tax distributions that would represent a reduction in cash available to us; and
 
  any cash requirements for assets being depreciated and amortized that may have to be replaced in the future.
          The following unaudited table is a reconciliation of our net income to EBITDA (in thousands):
                                                                     
    Historical   Pro Forma       Altra Holdings, Inc.     Predecessor
            Combined          
    Nine   Twelve   Nine   Twelve   Twelve   Period from     Eleven   Twelve
    Months   Months   Months   Months   Months   December 1,     Months   Months
    Ended   Ended   Ended   Ended   Ended   2004 through     Ended   Ended
    September 29,   December 31,   September 29,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,     November 30,   December 31,
    2006   2005   2006   2005   2004   2004 &nbs