10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 


 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission File Number 001-32502

 

Warner Music Group Corp.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   13-4271875

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

75 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, NY 10019

  10019
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 275-2000

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class


 

Name of each exchange on which registered


Common Stock, $.001 par value   New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

None

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this Form 10-K.  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

As of March 31, 2005, there was no established market for the registrant’s common stock. The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates as of September 30, 2005 was approximately $603,426,000, using the closing price per share of $18.51, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange as of such date.

 

As of November 24, 2005, the number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding was 148,460,662.724.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Certain information required by Part III of this report is incorporated by reference from the registrant’s proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A with respect to the registrant’s fiscal 2005 annual meeting of stockholders.

 



Table of Contents

WARNER MUSIC GROUP CORP.

 

INDEX

 

               Page
Number


Part I.

   Item 1.   

Business

   2
     Item 1A.   

Executive Officers of the Registrant

   22
     Item 2.   

Properties

   23
     Item 3.   

Legal Proceedings

   23
     Item 4.   

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   24

Part II.

   Item 5.   

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

   24
     Item 6.   

Selected Financial Data

   27
     Item 7.   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   30
     Item 7A.   

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   82
     Item 8.   

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   84
     Item 9.   

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   157
     Item 9A.   

Controls and Procedures

   157
     Item 9B.   

Other Information

   159

Part III.

   Item 10.   

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

   160
     Item 11.   

Executive Compensation

   160
     Item 12.   

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   160
     Item 13.   

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

   160
     Item 14.   

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

   160

Part IV.

   Item 15.   

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule

   161

Signatures

   166

 

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Form 10-K includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry in which we operate, management’s beliefs and assumptions made by management. Words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” or “continue” or the negative thereof or variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. We disclaim any duty to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. See “Safe Harbor Statement Under Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.”

 

Our Company

 

We are one of the world’s major music content companies. Our company is composed of two businesses: Recorded Music and Music Publishing. We believe we are the world’s fourth-largest recorded music company (third-largest in the U.S.) and the world’s second-largest music publishing company. We are a global company, generating over half of our revenues in more than 50 countries outside of the U.S. We generated revenues of $3.502 billion during our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005.

 

Our Recorded Music business produces revenue through the marketing, sale and licensing of recorded music in various physical (such as CDs, cassettes, LPs and DVDs) and digital (such as downloads and ringtones) formats. We have one of the world’s largest and most diverse recorded music catalogs, including 28 of the top 100 U.S. best-selling albums of all time—more than any other recorded music company, including The Eagles: Their Greatest Hits 1971-1975 (the best-selling album of all time), Led Zeppelin IV and Rumours by Fleetwood Mac. We also lead all recorded music companies in albums certified as “Diamond” by RIAA, which are those albums that have more than 10 million net shipped units in the U.S., with approximately 30% of the total. Our roster of artists spans all musical genres and includes Led Zeppelin, The Eagles, Madonna, Green Day, Metallica and Fleetwood Mac. Our more recent album successes include artists such as Rob Thomas, Mike Jones, James Blunt, My Chemical Romance, Eric Clapton, T.I., Faith Hill, Death Cab for Cutie, Green Day, Disturbed, Paul Wall, and Big & Rich. Our Recorded Music business generated revenues of $2.924 billion during our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. The sale of digital content has provided additional revenue streams for our Recorded Music business. Digital recorded music revenue has grown from essentially nothing at the time of our acquisition in 2004 to $137 million during our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005, and represented approximately 6% of recorded music revenues for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.

 

Our Music Publishing business owns and acquires rights to musical compositions, exploits and markets these compositions and receives royalties or fees for their use. We publish music across a broad range of musical styles. We hold rights in over one million copyrights from over 65,000 songwriters and composers. Our library includes titles such as “Summertime” by George and Ira Gershwin and DuBose Heyward, “Happy Birthday to You” by Mildred and Patty Hill, “Night and Day” by Cole Porter, “Layla” by Eric Clapton and Jim Gordon, “When a Man Loves a Woman” by Calvin Lewis and Andrew Wright, “Winter Wonderland” by Felix Bernard and Dick Smith, “Star Wars Theme” by John Williams, “The Wind Beneath My Wings” by Jeff Silbar and Larry Henley and “Frosty the Snowman” by Steve Nelson and Jack Rollins as well as more recent popular titles such as “Cry Me A River” performed by Justin Timberlake, “Smooth” by Itaal Shur and Rob Thomas, “Crazy in Love” performed by Beyoncé Knowles and Jay-Z, “Photograph” performed by Nickelback, “Burn” performed by Usher, “It’s Been Awhile” performed by Staind, “Pieces of Me” performed by Ashlee Simpson, “Thank You” performed by Dido Armstrong, “American Idiot” performed by Green Day, “The Reason” performed by

 

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Hoobastank, “Pon DeReplay” performed by Rihanna, “Gold Digger” performed by Kanye West, “We Belong Together” performed by Mariah Carey and “Outta Control” performed by 50 Cent. Our Music Publishing business generated revenues of $607 million during our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. The sale of digital content has also provided new revenue streams for our Music Publishing business. Digital music publishing revenue has grown from essentially nothing at the time of our acquisition in 2004 to $20 million during our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005, and represented 4% of music publishing revenue for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.

 

Our Business Strengths

 

While we have recorded net losses on a historical and pro forma basis, primarily due to the decline since 1999 of recorded music sales, increased operating costs, increased competition, and such items as impairment charges and charges related to our initial common stock offering, we believe the following competitive strengths will enable us to continue to generate stable cash flow through our diverse base of recorded music and music publishing assets:

 

Industry Leading Recording Artists and Songwriters. We have been able to consistently attract, develop and retain successful recording artists and songwriters. Our talented local artist and repertoire teams are focused on finding and nurturing future successful recording artists and songwriters, as evidenced by our recent recorded music album and music publishing successes. This has enabled us to develop a large and varied portfolio of recorded music and music publishing assets that generate stable and recurring cash flows. We believe these assets demonstrate our historical success in developing talent and will help to attract future talent in order to enable our continued success.

 

Stable, Highly Diversified Revenue Base. Our revenue base is derived primarily from relatively stable and recurring sources such as our music publishing library, our catalog of recorded music and new releases from our existing base of established artists. In any given year, we believe that less than 10% of our total revenues depend on artists without an established track record, with each of these artists typically representing less than 1% of our revenues. We have built a large and diverse catalog of recordings and compositions that covers a wide breadth of musical styles including pop, rock, jazz, country, R&B, hip-hop, rap, reggae, Latin, alternative, folk, blues, gospel and other Christian music. We are a significant player in each of our major geographic regions.

 

High Cash Flow Business Model. We have a highly variable cost structure, with substantial discretionary spending and minimal capital requirements. In October 2003, Time Warner’s CD and DVD manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution operations were sold to Cinram, resulting in a significant reduction of our fixed cost base. As part of the sale, we entered into an outsourcing arrangement with Cinram that significantly reduced our exposure to fixed costs and will reduce our future capital expenditure requirements. We spent $30 million in capital expenditures for our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005, $18 million for our ten-month fiscal year ended September 30, 2004 and $51 million for our twelve-month fiscal year ended November 30, 2003. We continuously seek sensible opportunities to convert fixed costs to variable costs. Finally, in addition to our variable cost base and relatively low capital requirements, we have contractual flexibility with regard to the timing and amounts of advances paid to existing recording artists and songwriters as well as discretion regarding future investment in new artists and songwriters, which further allows us to respond to changing industry conditions.

 

Well Positioned For Growth In Digital Distribution and Emerging Technologies. Through the first three quarters of calendar 2005, our shares of digital recorded music track and album sales in the U.S. as measured by SoundScan were higher than our overall recorded music album share in the U.S., which we believe reflects the relative strength of our content and in particular our catalog content, as well as the success of our recent digital innovation efforts (such as, digital album bundles). In addition, we are highly focused on several new media initiatives: supporting existing and new online services in the U.S. and abroad, working with legitimate peer-to-peer, or P2P, providers and influencing the evolution of new mobile phone services and formats (we have, for example, an agreement between our recorded music and music publishing division for rates on mastertones, ringback tones and other new wireless formats). We have been a leader in mobile music and the use of wireless

 

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technology. We work closely with cellular carriers and device manufacturers to develop mobile music content, including ringtones, ringback tones, artist- branded games, music videos and celebrity non-music personalization products for mobile channels. In the U.S., we have led the music industry with a series of accomplishments in the wireless industry, including being the first major music company to offer a mobile music streaming service and the first major music company to offer full music video downloads through a wireless carrier.

 

Proven and Committed Management Team. We are led by an experienced senior management team with an average of approximately 20 years of entertainment industry experience. Edgar Bronfman, Jr., our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, has extensive and directly relevant experience in the music industry. In 1998, Mr. Bronfman, while President and CEO of Seagram, oversaw the merger of Universal and PolyGram and successfully managed the combined business, the world’s largest recorded music company. In addition, Lyor Cohen, who is our Chairman and CEO of U.S. Recorded Music operations, has nearly two decades of experience in the music industry and has previously worked with Mr. Bronfman in his former role as the Chairman and CEO of Universal’s Island Def Jam Music Group. Paul-René Albertini, the Chairman and CEO of Warner Music International, is also a music industry veteran with over 20 years of experience. In May of 2005, we hired Richard Blackstone as the Chairman and CEO of our Music Publishing business, Warner/Chappell Music. Mr. Blackstone, who was previously the President and Chief Executive Officer of Zomba Music Publishing, has 15 years of experience in the music publishing business. Our senior management team is very committed to our success. For example, Music Capital Partners, L.P., an investment vehicle controlled by Edgar Bronfman, Jr., owned approximately 9.6% of our equity as of September 30, 2005. The rest of our senior management team owns a meaningful share of our equity through service and performance-based equity plans.

 

Strong Equity Sponsorship. Thomas H. Lee Partners L.P. and its affiliates (THL), Bain Capital, LLC and its affiliates (Bain Capital), and Providence Equity Partners, Inc. and its affiliates (Providence Equity) are each leading private equity firms with extensive experience in managing investments in entertainment and media assets and a long history of working successfully together. These equity sponsors currently manage entertainment and media companies including Houghton Mifflin Company, ProSiebenSAT.1 Media, American Media and Mountain States Cable. The addition of Edgar Bronfman, Jr., through Music Capital Partners L.P. (Music Capital, and together with THL, Bain Capital and Providence Equity, the Investor Group), brings substantial and directly relevant management experience in the music industry.

 

Our Strategy

 

We intend to increase revenues and cash flow through the following business strategies:

 

Attract, Develop and Retain Established and Emerging Recording Artists and Songwriters. A critical element of our strategy is to find, develop and retain recording artists and songwriters who achieve long-term success. Our local artist and repertoire (“A&R”) teams seek to sign talented recording artists with strong potential, whose new releases will generate a meaningful level of sales and increase the enduring value of our catalog by continuing to generate sales on an ongoing basis, with little additional marketing expenditure. We also work to identify promising songwriters who will write musical compositions that will augment the lasting value and stability of our music publishing library. We believe our relative size, the strength of our management team, our ability to respond to industry and consumer trends and challenges, our diverse array of genres, our large catalog of hit releases and our valuable music publishing library will help us continue to successfully build our roster of artists and songwriters. We are constantly looking for new, innovative ways to develop and execute our A&R strategy. For example, in the U.S., we have designed an incubator system, which leverages our strong independent distribution network to identify major acts of the future at a lower cost. At its essence, the incubator system is innovative A&R spending. In addition, we have recently launched Cordless Recordings, an “e-label” that gives its artists the ability to come to market with one or several songs in the digital world without the need to create an entire album. This is another example of ways we are expanding our A&R strategy to adapt to and take advantage of the changing marketplace to find and develop new recording artists and songwriters.

 

Maximize the Value of our Music Assets. Our relationships with our recording artists and songwriters, our recorded music catalog and our music publishing library are our most valuable assets. We intend to continue to

 

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exploit the value of these assets through a variety of distribution channels to generate significant cash flow from our music content. We believe that the ability to monetize our music content should increase over time as new distribution channels and new formats increase.

 

    Our Recorded Music business focuses on marketing our artists and catalog in new ways to retain existing fans of established artists and to generate new demand for our proven hits. For example, in 2005, we released a number of successful repurposed catalog compilations, including Ray Charles—The Ray Soundtrack, Vol 2, Crosby, Stills & Nash—Greatest Hits, and Michael McDonald—Ultimate Collection. We also released successful video content such as George Harrison—The Concert for Bangladesh. The growing number of legitimate digital distribution outlets allows us to generate incremental catalog sales. From the launch of Apple’s iTunes Music Store in the United States in April 2003 through October 2, 2005, catalog sales have represented 54% of our top 200 digital track sales sold on iTunes versus 41% of our physical album sales over the same period.

 

    Our Music Publishing business seeks to capitalize on the growing demand for the use of musical compositions in media products such as videogames, commercials, other musical works (such as authorized sampling), films, DVDs, mobile phone ringtones and Internet and wireless streaming and downloads by marketing and promoting our libraries to producers of these media in new and innovative ways.

 

We will seek to exploit the potential of previously unmonetized content in new products and channels from ringtones to full track video and song downloads on mobile phones. For example, we have over 20 years of music videos that we have yet to fully monetize as well as unexploited album art, lyrics, and B-side tracks that that have never been physically released. We are seeking opportunities to create premium-priced album bundles by combining our existing assets with new assets that we are creating such as bonus tracks, music videos and “behind the scenes” footage.

 

We intend to enhance the value of our assets by continuing to attract and develop new artists and songwriters with staying power and market potential. Additionally, we intend to continually evaluate our artist and songwriter roster to ensure we remain focused on developing the most promising and profitable talent. We will also continue to work with our partners to explore creative approaches and constantly experiment with new deal structures and products to take advantage of new distribution channels.

 

Focus on Continued Management of Our Cost Structure. We will continue to maintain a disciplined approach to cost management in our business and to pursue additional cost savings. We will also continue to monitor industry conditions to ensure that our business remains aligned with industry trends. For example, subsequent to the acquisition of our company by the Investor Group in 2004, we implemented a broad restructuring plan in order to realign our cost structure with the changing economics of the music industry. The restructuring plan included the consolidation of select business divisions of our Elektra and Atlantic labels, including the legal and business affairs, finance and label sales units, rationalization of our global network, pruning of approximately 30% of our artist roster and an approximately 20% reduction in our global workforce. We completed substantially all of these restructuring efforts in fiscal 2005. In connection with the restructuring plan, we implemented approximately $250 million of annualized cost savings.

 

Invest in Accordance with an Improved Asset Allocation Strategy and More Efficiently Allocate Capital. We seek to invest in lines of business, geographic locations and individual projects where we believe we can optimize our return on capital. We will also consider the strategic importance of alternative investments in addition to their financial metrics. We believe that as a result of our management processes, analytic techniques and investment discipline, we are well positioned to efficiently deploy our capital. For example, we will continue to seek better returns through a more efficient allocation of our resources by, among other initiatives (1) allocating capital to a smaller number of acts to increase A&R spend per act, (2) reducing our operations in unprofitable geographies and (3) developing initiatives such as our incubator strategy and our new e-label, Cordless Recordings, to identify artists earlier in their careers, allowing us to broaden the scope of our investments in new artists without significant upfront capital.

 

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Develop and Optimize Our Physical Distribution Channel Strategies. We will continue to develop innovative programs with our physical distribution partners to achieve greater sales volume. The physical distribution channels for records are evolving as new outlets develop, the mix of channels and retailers change, new formats for our content are created and pricing models multiply to meet a wide range of needs. Our Recorded Music business will continue to cooperate with its physical distribution channel partners in order to implement forward-looking strategies for our mutual benefit. We will also invest to meet the needs of our channel partners to create more efficient collaboration, such as direct-to-retail distribution strategies and vendor managed inventory.

 

Capitalize on Digital Distribution and Emerging Technologies. Digital formats should continue to represent new avenues for the distribution and exploitation of our recorded music and music publishing assets. We believe that the development of legitimate Internet and wireless channels for the purchase of music holds significant promise and opportunity for the industry. In particular, new and emerging third-party digital distribution outlets are not only reasonably priced, but also offer a superior customer experience relative to illegal alternatives, as they are easy to use, offer uncorrupted song files and integrate seamlessly with increasingly popular portable music players such as the Apple iPod and its recently released iPod Nano and video versions, the Dell DJ Digital Jukebox and the Creative Nomad. In addition, we believe digital distribution will stimulate incremental catalog sales given the ability to offer enhanced presentation and searchability of our catalog. As networks and phone handsets become more sophisticated, our music is increasingly becoming available on mobile phone platforms through wireless service providers via ringtones, ringback tones, full track downloads and music video downloads. We believe the wireless business offers a more secure environment than does the Internet and thereby reduces our exposure to piracy.

 

Contain Digital Piracy. Containing piracy is a major focus of the music industry and we, along with the rest of the industry, are taking multiple measures through technological innovation, litigation, education and the promotion of legislation to combat piracy. We will continue to take a leadership role in the music industry’s war against piracy, as we did by championing the industry-wide development of the new DualDisc (CD/DVD) physical format, partnering with Apple on its security model for its Macintosh and PC launches of iTunes, and encouraging Microsoft to retool its digital rights management digital media copyright protection technology and include playlist burn limits. In addition, we continue to support the aggressive measures taken by RIAA, IFPI and NMPA, including civil lawsuits, education programs, political lobbying for tougher restrictions on use and international efforts to preserve music copyrights. We believe new technologies geared towards degrading the illegal file-sharing process and tracking the source of pirated music and offer a means to reduce piracy. Furthermore, recent legal actions by our industry, both in and outside the U.S., have been designed to educate consumers that stealing music is against the law and deter illegal downloads. A number of recent decisions, including the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Grokster and the Federal Court of Australia’s ruling in a case involving KaZaA have held that P2P networks can be held liable if they induce users to violate copyright laws. The industry has also been working with educational institutions to implement controls to prohibit students from illegally downloading copyrighted material. We believe that consumer awareness of the illegality of piracy has increased as a result of these initiatives. We believe these actions, in addition to the expansive growth of legitimate online music offerings, will help to limit the revenues lost to digital piracy. See “Industry Overview—Recorded Music—Piracy”.

 

Company History

 

Our history dates back to 1929, when Jack Warner, president of Warner Bros. Pictures, Inc., founded Music Publishers Holding Company (“MPHC”) to acquire music copyrights as a means of providing inexpensive music for films. MPHC was constructed through the acquisition of M. Witmark & Sons, Remick Music Corp., Harms, Inc. and Advanced Music Corporation. Along with these companies came the beginning of our valuable library of publishing assets, including the works of Cole Porter, Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart. Collectively, these assets, as well as numerous others were acquired over the last 75 years, including Chappell & Intersong Music Group acquired in 1987.

 

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Encouraged by the success of MPHC, Warner Bros. extended its presence in the music industry with the founding of Warner Bros. Records in 1958 as a means of distributing movie soundtracks and further exploiting actors’ contracts. For over 45 years, Warner Bros. Records has pushed the bounds of the industry both creatively and financially with the discovery of artists such as Neil Young, Grateful Dead and the acquisition of Frank Sinatra’s Reprise Records in 1963. Today, Warner Bros. Records is home to such artists as Faith Hill, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Linkin Park, Josh Groban and Madonna.

 

Atlantic Records was launched in 1947 by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson as a small New York-based label focused on jazz and R&B. Led by Ertegun, Atlantic had early hits by such artists as Ray Charles, John Coltrane and Aretha Franklin, but quickly broadened its reach and found increasing success with artists such as Bobby Darin, Crosby, Stills & Nash, Buffalo Springfield, Sonny and Cher and Led Zeppelin. Elektra Records was founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman as a folk music label. With an eye to emerging music, Elektra Records signed such artists as Joni Mitchell, The Eagles, The Doors and Jackson Browne. The Atlantic Records Group is home to Elektra Records, Atlantic Records and Lava Records and boasts a roster of acclaimed artists such as matchbox twenty, Led Zeppelin, Phil Collins, Jewel, Kid Rock, T.I., Tracy Chapman, Metallica, Simple Plan, James Blunt and Lil’ Kim.

 

Since 1970, we have operated internationally through Warner Music International (“WMI”). WMI is responsible for the sale and marketing of our U.S. artists abroad as well as the acquisition and development of international artists such as The Darkness, Alejandro Sanz, Maná, MC Solaar and Laura Pausini.

 

In 2002, we acquired Word Entertainment to expand our presence in the Christian music genre. Word Entertainment boasts a deep roster of Christian artists, including Jaci Velasquez and Randy Travis.

 

Warner Music Group was acquired by the Investor Group from Time Warner Inc. (“Time Warner”) in March 2004.

 

Warner Music Group became the only stand-alone music company with publicly traded common stock in the United States in May 2005.

 

Recorded Music (83%, 81% and 84% of consolidated revenues in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

 

Our recorded music operations consist of the discovery and development of artists and the related marketing and distribution of recorded music produced by such artists. In addition to the more traditional methods of discovering and developing artists, we have implemented new initiatives to identify and nurture artists earlier in the development process and reduce development costs by leveraging our independent distribution network. We refer to these new business models as incubator initiatives. Asylum and East West are current incubator labels. In addition, we have also entered into strategic ventures with other record labels.

 

Our recorded music operations also include a catalog division called Rhino Entertainment (“Rhino”), which was formerly called Warner Strategic Marketing. Rhino specializes in marketing our music catalog through compilations and reissuances of previously released music and video titles, as well as in the licensing of tracks to/from third parties for various uses, including film and television soundtracks.

 

Our principal recorded music distribution operations include Warner-Elektra-Atlantic Corporation (“WEA Corp.”), which primarily distributes our music products to retailers and wholesale distributors in the United States; a 90% interest in Alternative Distribution Alliance (“ADA”), a distribution company which primarily distributes the products of independent record labels to retailers and wholesale distributors; various distribution centers and ventures operated internationally; and an 80% interest in Word Entertainment, whose distribution operations specialize in the distribution of music products in the Christian retail marketplace.

 

We play an integral role in virtually all aspects of the music value chain from discovering and developing talent, to producing albums and promoting artists and their product. After an artist has entered into a contract

 

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with one of our record labels, a master recording of the artist’s music is created. The recording is then replicated for sale to consumers primarily in the CD format, and now, in digital formats. In the U.S., WEA Corp. and ADA market, sell and deliver product, either directly or through sub-distributors and wholesalers, to thousands of record stores, mass merchants and other retailers throughout the country. Our recorded music products are also sold in physical form to Internet physical retailers such as Amazon.com and barnesandnoble.com and in digital form to Internet digital retailers like Apple’s iTunes and musicmatch.com.

 

In the United States, our recorded music operations are conducted principally through our major record labels—Warner Bros. Records and The Atlantic Records Group.

 

In markets outside the U.S., our recorded music activities are conducted through WMI and its various subsidiaries, affiliates and non-affiliated licensees. WMI produces revenues in more than 50 countries outside the U.S. and engages in the same activities as our U.S. labels: discovering and signing artists and distributing, marketing and selling their recorded music. In most cases, WMI also markets and distributes the records of those artists for whom our domestic record labels have international rights. In certain countries, WMI licenses to unaffiliated third-party record labels the right to distribute its records.

 

Artists and Repertoire (“A&R”)

 

We have a decades-long history of identifying and contracting with recording artists who become commercially successful. Our ability to select artists who are likely to be successful is a key element of our Recorded Music business strategy. Our ability to select artists spans all music genres and all major geographies and includes artists who achieve national, regional and international success. We believe that this success is directly attributable to our experienced global team of A&R executives, to the longstanding reputation and relationships that we have nurtured in the artistic community and to our effective management of this vital business function.

 

In the U.S., our major record labels identify potentially successful recording artists, sign them to recording agreements, collaborate with them to develop recordings of their work and market and sell these finished recordings to retail stores and legitimate online channels. Our labels scout and sign talent across all major music genres, including pop, rock, jazz, country, R&B, hip-hop, rap, reggae, Latin, alternative, folk, blues, gospel and other Christian music. WMI markets and sells U.S. and local repertoire from its own network of affiliates and numerous licensees in more than 50 countries. With a roster of local artists performing in 25 languages, WMI has an ongoing commitment to developing local talent aimed at achieving national, regional, or international success.

 

We continue to realize significant success in the acquisition of new artists and the development of new content. In 2005, we have already upstreamed five urban and three rock artists to our major labels through our incubator initiative, four of whom have debuted in the top 10 in Billboard’s Top 200 chart (Mike Jones, Paul Wall, Webbie and Bun-B). We have also had a number of artists with releases in 2005 that debuted at the #1 spot in the Billboard Top 200 Chart including Staind, Disturbed and Faith Hill. Other artists that have seen success in 2005 include Green Day, Linkin Park, Michel Bublé, Simple Plan, Rob Thomas, Big & Rich, and Shinedown. We also released top-selling albums from other new artists such as James Blunt, The Click Five and My Chemical Romance, and the major-label debuts of artists including Death Cab for Cutie, Rilo Kiley and Cowboy Troy in 2005.

 

A significant number of our recording artists have continued to appeal to audiences long after we cease to release their new recordings. Our catalog includes the U.S. best-selling album of all time, The Eagles: Their Greatest Hits 1971-1975, which has sold 28 million units to date. We have an efficient process for generating continued sales across our catalog releases, as evidenced by the fact that catalog albums generate approximately 40% of our recorded music sales. Relative to our new releases, we spend comparatively small amounts on marketing for catalog sales.

 

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We maximize the value of our catalog of recorded music through our Rhino business unit and through activities of each of our record labels. We use our catalog as a source of material for re-releases, compilations, box sets and special package releases, which provide consumers with incremental exposure to familiar songs and artists. Recent examples include packages such as “No Thanks!—The 70’s Punk Rebellion,” greatest hits collections from artists such as The Eagles, Crosby, Stills & Nash, Joni Mitchell, Sugar Ray, Rickie Lee Jones, Brandy and Emmylou Harris, box sets by Ray Charles, ZZ Top, Talking Heads, Jerry Garcia, The Faces, Black Sabbath and The Grateful Dead, and DVDs of Live Aid, Led Zeppelin’s “How the West Was Won”, Ray Charles’ “O—Genio: Ray Charles Live in Brazil, 1963”, the George Harrison tribute, “The Concert for George”, The Ramones documentary, “End of the Century: The Story of The Ramones” and The Eagles “Farewell 1 Tour—Live From Melbourne” and the multi-artist box set of 80’s songs, “Left of the Dial: Dispatches from the 80’s Underground”.

 

Representative Worldwide Recorded Music Artists

 

Avenged Sevenfold

   Cowboy Troy    Green Day    Metallica    Seal

Big & Rich

   Damien Rice    David Gray    Luis Miguel    Sean Paul

Bjork

   The Darkness    Mike Jones    Missy Elliott    Shinedown

James Blunt

   Craig David    Josh Groban    Alanis Morissette    Simple Plan

Boyz N Da Hood

   Death Cab for Cutie    Jet    My Chemical Romance    Staind

Michelle Branch

   Diddy    Jewel    Muse    Sugar Ray

Michael Bublé

   Disturbed    Kid Rock    Notorious B.I.G.    Rob Thomas

Ryan Cabrera

   The Eagles    Led Zeppelin    Laura Pausini    T.I.

Tracy Chapman

   Enya    Linkin Park    P.O.D.    Twista

Cher

   Fabolous    Madonna    Red Hot Chili Peppers    Uncle Kracker

Eric Clapton

   Faith Hill    Maná    R.E.M.    Paul Wall

Phil Collins

   Fleetwood Mac    matchbox twenty    Rilo Kiley    Westernhagen

The Corrs

   Goo Goo Dolls    MC Solaar    Alejandro Sanz    Neil Young

 

Artists’ Contracts

 

Our artists’ contracts define the commercial relationship between our recording artists and our record labels. We negotiate recording agreements with artists that define our right to use the artists’ copyrighted recordings in sales and licenses of our recorded music products worldwide. In accordance with the terms of the contract, the artists receive royalties based on sales and other forms of exploitation of the artists’ recorded works. We customarily provide up-front payments to artists called advances, which are recoupable by us from future royalties otherwise payable to artists. We also typically pay costs associated with the recording and production of albums, which are treated in certain countries as advances recoupable from future royalties. Our typical contract for a new artist covers a single initial album and provides us a series of exclusive options to acquire subsequent albums from the artist. Royalty rates are often increased for optional albums. Many of our contracts contain a commitment from the record label to fund video production costs, at least a portion of which is generally an advance recoupable from future royalties.

 

Our established artists’ contracts generally provide for greater advances and higher royalty rates. Typically, established artists’ contracts entitle us to fewer albums, and, of those, fewer are optional albums. In contrast to new artists’ contracts, which typically give us ownership in the artist’s work for the full term of copyright, some established artists’ contracts provide us with an exclusive license for some fixed period of time. It is not unusual for us to renegotiate contract terms with a successful artist during a term of an existing agreement, sometimes in return for an increase in the number of albums that the artist is required to deliver.

 

We are also experimenting with other forms of business models with artists to adapt to changing industry conditions. For example, Cordless Recordings, our digital-only e-label will pioneer a new business model allowing for regular release of song “clusters”. The label will allow artists to retain masters of their work and copyright ownership in certain cases. Our incubator labels, Asylum and East West, also enter into deals designed to provide a variety of services to labels and artists, such as marketing, distribution and sales services.

 

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Marketing and Promotion

 

WEA Corp. and ADA market and sell our recorded music product in the U.S. Our approach to marketing and promoting our artists and their recordings is comprehensive. Our goal is to maximize the likelihood of success for new releases as well as stimulate the success of previous releases. We seek to maximize the value of each artist and release, and to help our artists develop an image that maximizes appeal to consumers.

 

We work to raise the profile of our artists, through an integrated marketing approach that covers all aspects of their interactions with music consumers. These activities include helping the artist develop creatively in each release, strategically scheduling album releases and selecting singles for release, creating concepts for videos that are complementary to the artists’ work, and coordinating promotion of albums to radio and television outlets. We are also experimenting with ways to promote our artists through digital channels with such initiatives as experimenting with windowing of content and creating product bundles by combining our existing assets with new assets that are created simultaneously with the album (such as bonus tracks, music videos and “behind the scenes” footage). Through digital distribution channels we have greater marketing flexibility that can be more cost effective. For example, direct marketing is possible through access to consumers via websites and pre-release activity can be customized. When possible, we seek to add an additional personal component to our promotional efforts by facilitating television and radio coverage or live appearances for our key artists. Our corporate and label websites provide additional marketing venues for our artists.

 

In further preparation for and subsequent to the release of an album, we coordinate and execute a marketing plan that addresses specific retail strategies to promote the album. Aspects of these promotions include in-store appearances, advertising, displays and placement in album listening stations. These activities are overseen by our marketing staff to ensure that maximum visibility is achieved for the artist and the release.

 

Our approach to the marketing and promotion of recorded music is carefully coordinated to create the greatest sales momentum, while maintaining strict fiscal discipline. We have significant experience in our marketing and promotion departments, which we believe allows us to achieve an optimal balance between our marketing expenditure and the eventual sales of our artists’ recordings. We use a budget-based approach to plan marketing and promotions, and we monitor all expenditures related to each release to ensure compliance with the agreed-upon budget. These planning processes are informed by updated reports on an artists’ retail sales and radio play, so that a promotion plan can be quickly refined in the event of a commercial success or failure.

 

While marketing efforts extend to our catalog albums, most of the expenditure is directed toward new releases. Rhino specializes in marketing our catalog through compilations and reissues of previously released music and video titles, licensing tracks to third parties for various uses and coordinating film and television soundtrack opportunities with third-party film and television producers and studios.

 

Manufacturing, Packaging and Physical Distribution

 

On October 24, 2003, Time Warner sold its CD and DVD manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution operations (“TW Manufacturing”) to Cinram for approximately $1.1 billion in cash consideration. The transaction included the sale of the following businesses: WEA Manufacturing Inc., Warner Music Manufacturing Europe GmbH, Ivy Hill Corporation, Giant Merchandising and the physical distribution operations of WEA Corp. The sales and marketing operations of WEA Corp. remain a part of our business.

 

At the time of the sale of TW Manufacturing to Cinram, we entered into manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution arrangements with Cinram for our CDs and DVDs in the U.S. and Europe. We believe that the terms of the Cinram agreements reflect market rates and are more favorable than our previous arrangements.

 

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Sales

 

Most of our sales represent purchases by a wholesale or retail distributor. Our return policies are in accordance with wholesale and retailer requirements, applicable laws and regulations, territory- and customer-specific negotiations, and industry practice. We attempt to minimize the return of unsold product by monitoring shipments and sell-through data.

 

We generate sales from both our roster of current artists and our catalog of recordings. In addition, we actively repackage and remarket music from our catalog to form new compilations. Most of our sales are generated through the CD format, although we also sell our music through both historical formats, such as cassettes and vinyl albums, and newer emerging digital formats and physical formats, including DVD-Audio and DualDisc.

 

We sell our recorded music products through a variety of different retail and wholesale outlets including music specialty stores, general entertainment specialty stores, supermarkets, mass merchants and discounters, independent retailers, and other traditional retailers. Although some of our retailers are specialized, many of our customers offer a substantial range of products other than music. We work with our customers to ensure optimal product placement and promotion.

 

We believe that the Internet has become an increasingly important sales channel. Sales through the Internet include sales of traditional physical formats through both the Internet distribution arms of traditional retailers such as walmart.com or hmv.com and online physical retailers such as Amazon.com and barnesandnoble.com. In addition, there has been a proliferation of legitimate online sites which sell digital music on a per album or per track basis and several carriers are also introducing the capability to download music on mobile devices. We currently partner with a broad range of online digital and mobile providers, such as iTunes, MusicNet, musicmatch, Rhapsody, Sprint, Verizon and Cingular and are actively seeking to develop and grow this business. In digital formats, costs related directly to physical products such as manufacturing, distribution, inventory and return costs do not apply. While there are some digital-specific variable costs and infrastructure investments needed to produce, market, and sell digital products, it is reasonable to expect that we will generally derive a higher contribution margin from digital versus physical sales.

 

Music Publishing (17%, 20% and 17% of consolidated revenues in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively)

 

Where recorded music is focused on exploiting a particular recording of a song, music publishing is an intellectual property business focused on the exploitation of the song itself. In return for promoting, placing, marketing and administering the creative output of a songwriter, or engaging in those activities for other rightsholders, our Music Publishing business garners a share of the revenues generated.

 

Warner/Chappell is our global music publishing company headquartered in Los Angeles with operations in over 50 countries through various subsidiaries, affiliates and non-affiliated licensees. We own or control rights to more than one million musical compositions, including numerous pop hits, American standards, folk songs and motion picture and theatrical compositions. Assembled over decades, our award-winning catalog includes over 65,000 songwriters and composers and a diverse range of genres including pop, rock, jazz, country, R&B, hip-hop, rap, reggae, Latin, folk, blues, symphonic, soul, Broadway, techno, alternative, gospel and other Christian music. Our best-selling songwriter or song owner and song accounted for less than 2.5% and 1% of our music publishing revenues for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005, respectively. Moreover, our music publishing library includes many standard titles that span multiple music genres and has demonstrated the ability to generate consistent revenues over extended periods of time. For example, over the last ten years, our top ten earning songs, which include such titles as “Happy Birthday to You” and “Winter Wonderland” have generally generated average annual revenues of between $0.5 million and $1.5 million per song. Warner/Chappell also administers the music and soundtracks of several third-party television and film producers and studios, including Lucasfilm, Ltd. and Hallmark Entertainment.

 

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Warner/Chappell also previously owned Warner Bros. Publications (“WBP”), which printed and distributed a broad selection of sheet music, books and educational materials, orchestrations, folios, personality books, and arrangements from the catalogs of Warner/Chappell and other music publishers. On May 31, 2005, we sold our printed sheet music business to Alfred Publishing.

 

Music Publishing Portfolio

 

Representative Songwriters

 

Burt Bacharach

   George and Ira Gershwin    Radiohead

Michelle Branch

   Green Day    The Ramones

Andreas Carlsson

   Don Henley    Alejandro Sanz

Eric Clapton

   Michael Jackson    John Shanks

Bryan-Michael Cox

   Led Zeppelin    Staind

Sheryl Crow

   Madonna    Timbaland

Dr. Dre

   Nickelback    Van Morrison

Dido

   Pantera    Barry White

Fat Joe

   Cole Porter    John Williams

 

Representative Songs

 

1950s and Prior


  

1960s


  

1970s


Summertime

   People    Behind Closed Doors

Happy Birthday to You

   I Only Want to be With You    Ain’t No Stopping Us Now

Night and Day

   When a Man Loves a Woman    For the Love of Money

The Lady is a Tramp

   I Got a Woman    A Horse With No Name

Too Marvelous for Words

   People Get Ready    Moondance

Dancing in the Dark

   Love is Blue    Peaceful Easy Feeling

Winter Wonderland

   Hey Big Spender    Layla

Ain’t She Sweet

   For What It’s Worth    Staying Alive

Frosty the Snowman

   Sunny    Star Wars Theme

When I Fall In Love

   The Look of Love     

Misty

         

The Party’s Over

         

On the Street Where You Live

         

Blueberry Hill

         

 

1980s


  

1990s


  

2000 and After


Eye of the Tiger

   Unbelievable    It’s Been Awhile

Slow Hand

   Creep    Photograph

The Wind Beneath My Wings

   Macarena    Complicated

Endless Love

   Sunny Came Home    You Got It Bad

Morning Train

   Amazed    Crazy in Love

What You Need

   This Kiss    Cry Me a River

Beat It

   Believe    White Flag

Jump

   Smooth    Dilemma

We Are the World

   Livin’ La Vida Loca    Work It
          Miss You
          Burn
          American Idiot
          The Reason
          Save a Horse (Ride a Cowboy)

 

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Our Music Publishing revenues are derived from four main sources:

 

    Mechanical: the licensor receives royalties with respect to compositions embodied in recordings sold in any format or configuration, including singles, albums, CDs, digital downloads and mobile phone ringtones.

 

    Performance: the licensor receives royalties when the composition is performed publicly (e.g., broadcast radio and television, movie theater, concert, nightclub or Internet and wireless streaming).

 

    Synchronization: the licensor receives royalties or fees for the right to use the composition in combination with visual images (e.g., in films, television commercials and programs and videogames).

 

    Other: the licensor receives royalties from other uses such as stage productions and printed sheet music.

 

Music Publishing Royalties

 

Warner/Chappell, as a copyright owner or administrator of copyrighted musical compositions, is entitled to receive royalties for the exploitation of those musical compositions as identified below. Often, a copyright owner will transfer “administration rights” to a third party. Administration rights are the rights to license uses of the composition and collect monies derived therefrom.

 

Music publishers generally receive royalties pursuant to synchronization, mechanical, public performance and other licenses. Throughout the world, each synchronization license is subject to negotiation with a prospective licensee. By contract, music publishers pay a contractually required percentage of synchronization income to the songwriter(s) (or their heirs) and to any co-publishers. In the U.S., music publishers collect and administer mechanical royalties, and statutory ceilings are established by the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, as amended, for the royalty rates applicable to musical compositions for sales of recordings embodying those musical compositions. In the U.S., public performance royalties are typically administered and collected by performing rights organizations and in most countries outside the U.S., collection, administration and allocation of both mechanical and performance income are undertaken and regulated by governmental or quasi-governmental authorities. See “Industry Overview—Music Publishing”.

 

Warner/Chappell acquires copyrights (or portions of copyrights) and administration rights from songwriters or other third-party holders of rights in compositions. Typically, in either case, the grantor of rights retains a right to receive a percentage of revenues collected by Warner/Chappell. As an owner and/or administrator of compositions, we promote the use of those compositions by others. For example, we encourage recording artists to record and include our songs on their albums, offer opportunities to include our compositions in filmed entertainment, advertisements and wireless media, and advocate the use of our compositions in live stage productions. Examples of music uses that generate publishing revenues include:

 

Mechanical: sale of recorded music in various formats

 

    Physical recordings (e.g., CDs, cassettes, DVDs, video cassettes)

 

    Internet and wireless downloads

 

    Mobile phone ringtones

 

Performance: performance of the song to the general public

 

    Broadcast of music on television, radio, cable, satellite

 

    Live performance at a concert or other venue (e.g., arena concerts, nightclubs)

 

    Broadcast of music at sporting events, restaurants or bars

 

    Internet and wireless streaming

 

    Performance of music in staged theatrical productions

 

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Synchronization: use of the song in combination with visual images

 

    In films or television programs

 

    In television commercials

 

    In videogames

 

Other:

 

    Use in toys or novelty items

 

    Sales of sheet music used by orchestras or individuals (prior to our sale of the printed sheet music business in May 2005)

 

Composers’ and Lyricists’ Contracts

 

Warner/Chappell derives its rights through contracts with composers and lyricists (songwriters) or their heirs, and with third-party music publishers. In some instances, those contracts grant either 100% or some lesser percentage of ownership in musical compositions and administration rights. In other instances, those contracts only convey to Warner/Chappell rights to administer and exploit musical compositions for a period of time without retaining an ownership interest. Our contracts grant us exclusive exploitation rights in the territories concerned (excepting any pre-existing arrangements). Many of our contracts grant us rights on a worldwide basis. Contracts cover the entire work product of the writer or composer for the duration of the contract. As a result, Warner/Chappell typically possesses the administration rights for every musical composition created by the writer or composer during the duration of the contract.

 

While the duration of the contract may vary, many of our contracts grant us ownership and/or administration rights for the duration of copyright. U.S. copyright law permits authors or their estates to terminate an assignment or license of copyright (for the U.S. only) after a set period of time. In addition, in the U.K., rights transferred by an author of certain works created before June 1, 1957 automatically revert to their author’s heirs 25 years after the author’s death.

 

Marketing and Promotion

 

We actively seek, develop and maintain relationships with songwriters.

 

We actively market our copyrights to end users such as recorded music companies (including our Recorded Music business), filmed entertainment, television and other media companies, advertising and media agencies, event planners and organizers, computer and video game companies and other multimedia producers. We also market our musical compositions for use in live stage productions and merchandising. In addition, we actively seek new and emerging outlets for the exploitation of songs such as ringtones for cellular phones, new wireless and online uses, digital sheet music and Internet webcasting.

 

We continually add new musical compositions to our catalog, and seek to acquire rights in songs that will generate substantial revenue over long periods of time.

 

Digital Sales

 

We have integrated the sale of digital content into all aspects of our Recorded Music and Music Publishing businesses including A&R, marketing, promotion and distribution. Our new media executives work closely with the A&R departments of our labels to make sure that while a record is being made, digital assets are also created with all of our distribution channels in mind. We also work side-by-side with our wireless and online partners to test new concepts. We believe existing digital businesses will be a significant source of growth for the next several years and will provide new opportunities to monetize our assets and create new revenue streams. As a

 

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music content company, we have assets that go beyond our music catalog and copyrights, such as our music video library, that we now have the opportunity to monetize through digital channels. In addition, we can digitally exploit album art, lyrics and B-side tracks that have never been physically released. For example, we have an agreement with MTV Networks for the use of our music videos in original mobile content and programming. In general, digital music content is sold through two primary channels: online and mobile. The proportion of revenues attributed to each distribution channel varies by region, with digital downloads making up the majority of revenues in the U.S. and mobile music currently representing the majority of digital revenues outside of the U.S, especially in Europe and Asia. However, digital music is in the early stages of growth and we expect these proportions to change as the roll-out of new technologies continues. As an owner of musical content, we believe we are well positioned to take advantage of growth in digital distribution and emerging technologies to maximize the value of our assets.

 

Downloads/Subscription Services

 

Digital sales of our music content consist primarily of music originally accessed over the Internet or wirelessly through digital download or subscription models, which can then be transferred to a portable music player. We enter into agreements with numerous partners, such as iTunes, MusicNet, musicmatch, Rhapsody, Yahoo! and MSN to provide our content for sale through their music service offerings. Our agreements generally last one to two years. We believe that the short-term nature of our contracts enables us to maintain the flexibility that we need given the infancy of the digital business models. We are also exploring other opportunities to generate revenues through new uses of our content through these developing distribution channels. For example, we have over 20 years of music videos that we have yet to significantly monetize as well as unexploited album art, lyric, and B-side tracks that that have never been physically released.

 

Mobile

 

Mobile sales of our music content consists primarily of ringtones, ringback tones and mastertones (a ringtone made from recording by the original artist). We expect the range of products to expand as new technologies continue to be rolled out and to include full track music and full music video downloads, as well as other new businesses from these emerging distribution platforms. We enter into agreements with mobile carriers such as Sprint, Verizon, and France Telecom to provide our content for sale though their music offerings. Our contracts generally last one to two years.

 

Competition

 

In both recorded music and music publishing we compete based on price (to retailers in recorded music and to various end users in music publishing), on marketing and promotion (including both how we allocate our marketing and promotion resources as well as how much we spend on a dollar basis) and on recording artist and songwriter signings. We believe we currently compete favorably in these areas. However, there is a threat that the change to the competitive landscape caused by the Universal and Sony BMG duopoly could increase the costs of artist signings and the costs of marketing and promoting records to our detriment. See “Industry Overview—Recorded Music” and “Industry Overview—Music Publishing.

 

Our Recorded Music business is also dependent on technological development, including access to, selection and viability of new technologies, and is subject to potential pressure from competitors as a result of their technological developments. In recent years, due to the growth in piracy, we have been forced to compete with illegal channels such as unauthorized Internet peer-to-peer file-sharing and downloading and industrial duplication. See “Industry Overview—Piracy.” Additionally, we compete, to a lesser extent, with alternative forms of entertainment such as motion pictures on home devices (e.g., VHS and DVD) or at the box office and with videogames for disposable consumer income.

 

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Intellectual Property

 

Copyrights

 

Our business, like that of other companies involved in music publishing and recorded music, rests on our ability to maintain rights in musical works and recordings through copyright protection. In the U.S., copyright protection for works created as “works made for hire” (e.g., works of employees or specially-commissioned works) after January 1, 1978 lasts for 95 years from first publication or 120 years from creation, whichever expires first. The period of copyright protection for musical compositions and sound recordings that are not “works made for hire” lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years for works created on or after January 1, 1978. U.S. works created prior to January 1, 1978 generally enjoy a total copyright life of 95 years, subject to compliance with certain statutory provisions including notice and renewal. In the U.S., sound recordings created prior to February 15, 1972 are not subject to copyright protection but are protected by common law rights or state statutes, where applicable. Copyright in the European Union has recently been harmonized such that the period of copyright protection for musical compositions in all Member States lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years. In certain European Union countries, such as the U.K., the period of protection for musical compositions was recently extended from 50 years to 70 years, which has restored copyright protection in certain compositions in which our rights lapsed. In the European Union, the term of copyright for sound recordings lasts for 50 years from the date of release.

 

We are largely dependent on legislation in each territory to protect our rights against unauthorized reproduction, distribution, public performance or rental. In all territories where we operate, our products receive some degree of copyright protection, although the period of protection varies widely. In a number of developing countries, the protection of copyright remains inadequate. The U.S. enacted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, creating a powerful framework for the protection of copyrights covering musical compositions and recordings in the digital world.

 

The potential growth of new delivery technologies, such as digital broadcasting, the Internet and entertainment-on-demand has focused attention on the need for new legislation that will adequately protect the rights of producers. We actively lobby in favor of industry efforts to increase copyright protection and support the efforts of organizations such as the World Intellectual Property Organization (“WIPO”).

 

In December 1996, two global copyright treaties, the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, were signed securing the basic legal framework for the international music industry to trade and invest in online music businesses. The WIPO treaties have been ratified by the requisite number of countries, including the U.S.

 

The European Union has implemented these treaties through the European Copyright Directive, which was adopted by the EU in 2001. Legislation implementing the Directive in each of the member states is underway. The Directive harmonizes copyright laws across Europe and extends substantial protection for copyrights online. The European Union has also put forward legislation aimed at assuring cross border coordination of the enforcement of laws related to counterfeit goods, including musical recordings.

 

Trademarks

 

An important part of our business is our trademarks. Our major trademarks are registered in every country where we believe the protection of these trademarks is important for our business. Our major trademarks include Atlantic, Elektra, Sire, Reprise and Warner/Chappell. We use certain trademarks pursuant to royalty-free license agreements. The duration of the license relating to the WARNER and WARNER MUSIC marks and a “W” logo is perpetual. The duration of the license relating to the WARNER BROS. RECORDS mark and WB & Shield designs is fifteen years from February 29, 2004. Each of the licenses may be terminated under certain limited circumstances, which include material breaches of the agreement, certain events of insolvency, and certain change of control events if we were to become controlled by a major filmed entertainment company. We actively monitor and protect against activities that might infringe, dilute, or otherwise harm our trademarks.

 

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Joint Ventures

 

We have entered into joint venture arrangements pursuant to which we or our various subsidiary companies manufacture, distribute and market (in most cases, domestically and internationally) recordings owned by the joint ventures. An example of these arrangements is Bad Boy Records, a joint venture between us and Sean “Diddy” Combs.

 

Employees

 

As of September 30, 2005, we employed approximately 4,000 persons worldwide, including temporary and part-time employees. None of our employees in the U.S. are subject to collective bargaining agreements, although certain employees in our non-domestic companies are covered by national labor agreements. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

 

Environmental Matters

 

Our wholly and partially owned pick, pack and ship facilities throughout the world, which are not a significant part of our business, are subject to laws and regulations and international agreements governing the protection of the environment, natural resources, human health and safety and the use, management and disposal of hazardous substances. In particular, our operations are subject to stringent requirements for packaging content and recycling, air and water emissions, and waste management. We believe that we comply substantially with all applicable environmental requirements. Although the costs of maintaining such compliance have not materially affected us to date, we cannot predict the costs of complying with requirements that may be imposed in the future. In connection with some of our existing facilities, we also have been, and may become again, responsible for the costs of investigating or cleaning up contaminated properties. Such costs or related third-party personal injury or property damage claims could have a material adverse affect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

Financial Information About Segments and Foreign and Domestic Operations

 

Financial and other information by segment and relating to foreign and domestic operations for each of the last three fiscal years is set forth in Note 23 to the Consolidated and Combined Audited Financial Statements.

 

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

 

Recorded Music

 

Recorded music is one of the primary mediums of entertainment for consumers worldwide and in calendar 2004, generated $33.6 billion in retail sales.

 

Recorded music companies play an integral role in virtually all aspects of the music value chain, from discovering and developing talent to producing albums and promoting artists and their product. Revenues are generated through the marketing, sale and licensing of recordings in various physical and digital formats.

 

The major recorded music companies have built significant recorded music catalogs, which are long-lived assets that are exploited year after year. The sale of catalog material is typically more profitable than that of new releases, given lower development costs and more limited marketing costs. In first three quarters of calendar 2005, 38% of all U.S. physical unit sales were from recordings more than 18-months old, and 25% were from recordings more than three years old. Distribution has been largely stable for the past eight years.

 

The recorded music industry is highly competitive based on consumer preferences, and is rapidly changing. At its core, the recorded music business relies on the exploitation of artistic talent. As such, competitive strength is predicated upon the ability to continually develop and market new artists whose work gains commercial acceptance. In 2004, the four largest players were Universal, Sony BMG, EMI and WMG, which accounted for approximately 72% of worldwide recorded music sales in 2004. There are many mid-sized and smaller players in

 

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the industry that accounted for the remaining 28%, including independent music companies. Universal was the market leader with a 26% global market share in 2004, followed by Sony BMG with a 22% share. EMI and WMG held a 13% and 11% share of global music sales in 2004, respectively. While market shares change moderately year-to-year, none of these players have gained or lost more than 3 percentage points of share in the last 5 years through 2004 (taking into account combined shares of Sony and BMG for years prior to the formation of Sony BMG in 2004).

 

The top five territories (U.S., Japan, U.K., Germany and France) accounted for 73% of the recorded music market in 2004. The U.S., which is the most significant exporter of music, is also the largest end-market, constituting 36% of total 2004 recorded music sales. In addition the U.S. and Japan are largely local music markets, with 93% and 72% of their 2004 sales consisting of domestic repertoire, respectively. In contrast, the U.K, German and French markets are made up of a higher percentage of international sales, with domestic repertoire constituting only 51%, 49% and 63% of these markets, respectively.

 

There has been a major shift in distribution of recorded music from specialty shops towards mass-market and online retailers. Record stores’ share of U.S. physical music sales has declined from 53% in 1994 to 33% in 2004. Over the course of the last decade, mass-market and other stores’ share grew from 27% to 54%. Online digital distribution currently represents a small portion of overall sales, but is expected to experience significant growth. In terms of genre, rock remains the most popular style of music, representing 24% of 2004 U.S. unit sales, although genres such as rap, hip-hop and Latin music have become increasingly popular.

 

From 1990 to 1999, the U.S. recorded music industry grew at a compound annual growth rate of 7.6%, twice the rate of total entertainment spending. This growth was driven by demand for music, the replacement of LPs and cassettes with CDs, price increases and strong economic growth and was largely paralleled around the world. The industry began experiencing negative growth rates in 1999, on a global basis, primarily driven by an increase in digital piracy. Other drivers of this decline are the overall recessionary economic environment, bankruptcies of record retailers and wholesalers, growing competition for consumer discretionary spending and retail shelf space, and the maturation of the CD format, which has slowed the historical growth pattern of recorded music sales. Since that time, annual dollar sales of physical music product in the U.S. are estimated to have declined at a CAGR of 4%, although there was a 2.5% year-over-year increase recorded in 2004 (through November 20, 2005 U.S. recorded music sales (excluding sales of digital tracks) are down approximately 7.6% year-over-year, however). Similar declines have occurred in international markets, with the extent of declines driven primarily by differing penetration levels of piracy-enabling technologies, such as broadband Internet access and CD-R technology, and economic conditions.

 

Notwithstanding these factors, we believe that the music industry could improve based on the recent mobilization of the industry as a whole against piracy and the development of legitimate online music distribution channels. In addition, continued recovery of the world economy and improved consumer expenditures can drive growth in the recorded music industry.

 

Piracy

 

One of the industry’s biggest challenges is combating piracy. Music piracy exists in two primary forms: digital (which includes illegal downloading and CD-R piracy) and industrial:

 

   

Digital piracy has grown dramatically in the last five years, enabled by the increasing penetration of broadband Internet access and the ubiquity of powerful microprocessors, fast optical drives (particularly with writable media, such as CD-R) and large inexpensive disk storage in personal computers. The combination of these technologies has allowed consumers to easily, flawlessly and almost instantaneously make high-quality copies of music using a home computer by “ripping” or converting musical content from CDs into digital files, stored on local disks. These digital files can then be distributed for free over the Internet through anonymous peer-to-peer file sharing networks such as

 

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Limewire, WinMX and KaZaA (“illegal downloading”). Alternatively, these files can be burned onto multiple CDs for physical distribution (“CD-R piracy”).

 

    Industrial piracy (also called counterfeiting or physical piracy) involves mass-production of illegal CDs and cassettes in factories. This form of piracy is largely concentrated in developing regions, and has existed for more than a decade. The sale of legitimate recorded music in these developing territories is limited by the dominance of pirated products, which are sold at substantially lower prices than legitimate products. IFPI states that industrial pirated physical music products totaled 1.5 billion units in 2004. IFPI also believes that industrial piracy is most prevalent in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, Paraguay, Russia, Spain and Ukraine.

 

In 2003, the industry launched an intensive campaign to limit piracy that focused on four key initiatives:

 

    Technological: The technological measures against piracy are geared towards degrading the illegal file-sharing process and tracking providers and consumers of pirated music. These measures include spoofing, watermarking, copy protection, the use of automated webcrawlers and access restrictions. In addition, the industry continues to experiment with new technologies such as DualDisc and DVD-Audio that contain more robust encryption protection.

 

    Educational: Led by RIAA and IFPI, the industry has launched an aggressive campaign of consumer education designed to spread awareness of the illegality of various forms of piracy through aggressive print and television advertisements. Recent surveys confirm the increased consumer awareness of the illegality of piracy. In January 2003, 33% of Americans 10 years of age and older were aware that it is illegal to download copyrighted music for free. By August 2003, that number had risen to 61% and during the latter part of 2004, awareness among Americans 13 years of age and older was measured at 68%.

 

    Legal: In conjunction with its educational efforts, the industry has also begun to take aggressive legal action against file-sharers and is continuing to fight industrial pirates. These actions include civil lawsuits in the U.S. and Europe against individual pirates, arrests of pirates in Japan and raids against file-sharing services in Australia. U.S. lawsuits have largely targeted individuals who share large quantities of illegal music content. RIAA has announced its plans to continue these lawsuits in the U.S. IFPI has brought similar actions in Argentina, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Hong Kong, Netherlands, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland and the U.K. and it may pursue similar actions in other countries. A number of recent court decisions, including the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Grokster and the Federal Court of Australia’s ruling in a case involving KaZaA, have also held that one who distributes a device, such as P2P software, with the object of promoting its use to infringe copyright can be liable for the resulting acts of infringement by third parties using the device regardless of the of the lawful uses of the device.

 

    Development of online and mobile alternatives: We believe that the development and success of legitimate online music channels will be an important driver of recorded music sales going forward, as digital sales represent both an incremental revenue stream and a potential inhibitor of piracy. The music industry has been encouraged by the recent proliferation and early success of legitimate online music distribution options. We believe that these legitimate online distribution channels offer several advantages to illegal peer-to-peer sites, including greater ease of use, higher quality and more consistent music product, faster downloading, better search capabilities, and seamless integration with portable digital music players. For example, legitimate online operations such as Apple’s iTunes, MusicNet, musicmatch and Rhapsody have been launched since the beginning of 2003 and offer a variety of models, including per-track pricing, per-album pricing and monthly subscriptions. Already, there are more than 300 legal online music sites providing alternatives to illegal file-sharing in markets around the world.

 

These efforts are incremental to the longstanding push by organizations such as IFPI to curb industrial piracy around the world. In addition to these actions, the music industry is increasingly coordinating with other similarly impacted industries (such as software and filmed entertainment) to combat piracy.

 

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We believe these actions are beginning to have a positive effect. A survey as of May 2005 conducted by The NPD Group, a market research firm, shows that about one-third of Americans aged 13 or older who had ever downloaded music from a file-sharing service stopped using such file-sharing services over the past year, and an additional 27% reduced their downloading activity.

 

Music Publishing

 

Background

 

Music publishing involves the acquisition of rights to, and licensing of, musical compositions (as opposed to recordings) from songwriters, composers or other rightsholders. Music publishing revenues are derived from four main royalty sources: Mechanical, Performance, Synchronization and Other.

 

In the U.S., mechanical royalties are collected directly by music publishers from recorded music companies or via The Harry Fox Agency, a non-exclusive licensing agent affiliated with NMPA, while outside the U.S., performing rights organizations and collection societies perform this function. Once mechanical royalties reach the publisher (either directly from record companies or from collection societies), percentages of those royalties are paid to any co-owners of the copyright in the composition and to the writer(s) and composer(s) of the composition. Mechanical royalties are paid at a penny rate of 8.5 cents per song per unit in the U.S. (although recording agreements sometimes contain “controlled composition” provisions pursuant to which artist/songwriters license their rights to their record companies at as little as 75% of this rate) and as a percentage of wholesale price in most other territories. In the U.S., these rates are set pursuant to industry negotiations contemplated by the U.S. Copyright Act and are currently increased at two-year intervals. For example, on January 1, 2004, this rate went from 8 cents per song to 8.5 cents per song. On January 1, 2006, this rate will increase again to 9.1 cents per song. Recordings in excess of 5 minutes attract a higher rate. In international markets, these rates are determined by multi-year collective bargaining agreements.

 

Throughout the world, performance royalties are typically collected on behalf of publishers and songwriters by performance rights organizations and collection societies. Key performing rights organizations and collection societies include: The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (“ASCAP”), SESAC and Broadcast Music, Inc. (“BMI”) in the U.S.; Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society and The Performing Right Society (“MCPS-PRS Alliance”) in the U.K.; The German Copyright Society (“GEMA”) in Germany and the Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers (“JASRAC”) in Japan. The societies pay a percentage (which is set in each country) of the performance royalties to the copyright owner(s) or administrators (i.e., the publisher(s)), and a percentage directly to the songwriter(s), of the composition. Thus, the publisher generally retains the performance royalties it receives other than any amounts attributable to co-publishers.

 

The worldwide music publishing market was estimated to have generated approximately $3.6 billion in revenues in 2004 according to figures contained in the March 2, 2005 issue of Music & Copyright. We estimate that mechanical royalties are approximately 30% of 2002 industry revenues; performance royalties, 33%; synchronization, 13%; and other, 23%. Geographically, North America is the largest market representing approximately 40% of the global publishing market.

 

The top five music publishers collectively account for over 65% of the market. Based on Music & Copyright’s estimates, EMI Music Publishing (“EMI Publishing”) and WMG (Warner/Chappell) are the market leaders in music publishing, holding 16.3% and 16.0% shares of the market in 2004, respectively. They are followed by BMG at 13.8%, Universal at 12.5% and Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC (“Sony/ATV”) at 7.4%. Independent music publishers represent the balance of the market, as well as many individual songwriters who publish their own works.

 

The music publishing market has proven to be more resilient than the recorded music market in recent years as performance, synchronization and other revenue streams are largely unaffected by piracy, and are benefiting

 

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from additional sources of income from digital exploitation of music in downloads and mobile phone ringtones. Trends in music publishing vary by royalty source:

 

    Mechanical: Although the decline in the recorded music market has begun to have an impact on mechanical royalties, this decline has been partly offset by the regular and predictable statutory increases in the mechanical royalty rate in the U.S. (including an increase from 8 cents to 8.5 cents per song in January 2004, and a further increase from 8.5 cents to 9.1 cents per song to occur in January 2006), the increasing efficiency of local collection societies worldwide and the growth of new revenue sources such as mobile phone ringtones and legitimate Internet and wireless downloads.

 

    Performance: According to an April 2004 report from Enders Analysis, performance royalties experienced steady growth from 1999 to 2001. Continued growth is expected, largely driven by television, live performance and online radio streaming and advertising royalties.

 

    Synchronization: We believe synchronization revenues have experienced strong growth in recent years and will continue to do so, benefiting from the proliferation of media channels, a recovery in advertising, robust videogames sales and growing DVD film sales/rentals.

 

    Other: According to Enders Analysis, print revenues grew steadily from 1999 to 2001. Continued growth in this category is expected as well, as more people can afford musical instruments and lessons and online sheet music sales drive incremental revenues.

 

In addition, major publishers have the opportunity to generate significant value by the acquisition of small publishers by extracting cost savings (as acquired libraries can be administered with little or no incremental cost) and by increasing revenues through more aggressive marketing efforts.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. These filings are not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this report. You may read and copy any documents filed by us at the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “WMG”. You can inspect and copy reports, proxy statements and other information about us at the NYSE’s offices at 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. We also maintain an Internet site at www.wmg.com. We make available on our Internet website free of charge our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K as soon as practicable after we electronically file such reports with the SEC. In addition, copies of our (i) Corporate Governance Guidelines, (ii) charters for the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Executive, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and (iii) Code of Conduct which is applicable for all or our employees including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers, are available at our Internet site under “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance.” Copies will be provided to any stockholder upon written request to Investor Relations, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10019, via electronic mail at Investor.Relations@wmg.com or by contacting Investor Relations at (212) 275-2000. Our website and the information posted on it or connected to it shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this report.

 

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ITEM 1A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The following table sets forth information as to our executive officers as of November 4, 2005, together with their positions and ages.

 

Name


   Age

  

Position


Edgar Bronfman, Jr.

   50    Chairman of the Board and CEO

Lyor Cohen

   46    Chairman and CEO, U.S. Recorded Music

Paul-René Albertini

   46    Chairman and CEO, Warner Music International

Richard Blackstone

   45    Chairman and CEO, Warner/Chappell Music, Inc.

Michael D. Fleisher

   40    Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

David H. Johnson

   58    Executive Vice President and General Counsel

Caroline Stockdale

   42    Executive Vice President, Global Human Resources

Alejandro Zubillaga

   37    Executive Vice President, Digital Strategy and Business Development

 

Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors. Each executive officer is an employee of Warner Music Group or one of its subsidiaries. Mr. Zubillaga is the brother-in-law of Mr. Bronfman. There are no other family relationships among any executive officers of Warner Music Group. The following information provides a brief description of the business experience of each of our executive officers.

 

Edgar Bronfman, Jr. has served as our Chairman of the Board and CEO since March 1, 2004. Before joining Warner Music Group, Mr. Bronfman served as Chairman and CEO of Lexa Partners LLC, a management venture capital group based in New York City. Prior to Lexa Partners, Mr. Bronfman was appointed Executive Vice Chairman of Vivendi Universal in December 2000. He resigned from his position as an officer and executive of Vivendi Universal on March 31, 2002, and resigned as Vice Chairman of Vivendi Universal’s Board of Directors on December 2, 2003. Prior to the December 2000 formation of Vivendi Universal, Mr. Bronfman was President and CEO of The Seagram Company Ltd., a post he held since June 1994. During his tenure as the CEO of Seagram, he consummated $85 billion in transactions and transformed the company into one of the world’s leading media and communications companies. From 1989 until June 1994, Mr. Bronfman served as President and COO of Seagram. Between 1982 and 1989, he held a series of senior executive positions for The Seagram Company Ltd. in the U.S. and in Europe.

 

Lyor Cohen has served as the Chairman and CEO of our U.S. Recorded Music operations since March 1, 2004. From 2002 to 2004, Mr. Cohen was the Chairman and CEO of Universal Music Group’s Island Def Jam Music Group. Mr. Cohen served as President of Def Jam from 1988 to 2002. Previously, Mr. Cohen served in various capacities at Rush Management, a hip-hop management company, which he founded with partner Russell Simmons. Mr. Cohen is widely credited with expanding Island Def Jam beyond its hip-hop roots to include a wider range of musical genres.

 

Paul-René Albertini has served as President of Warner Music International since 2002 and currently leads Warner Music International, our international division, as Chairman and CEO. From December 2000 until 2002, Mr. Albertini served as President of Warner Music Europe. He joined Warner Music International from Sony Music Entertainment Europe where he held the post of Executive Vice President from 1999. Prior to that he served as President and CEO Sony Music France between 1994 and 1999. In 1991 he became CEO of PolyGram Disques France. In 1983, Mr. Albertini joined PolyGram as International Label Manager before becoming Marketing Director for Barclay Records. He was named Director of Marketing and Promotion for Phonogram in 1989, and was appointed Managing Director Phonogram France. Mr. Albetini graduated from the Institut Superieur de Gestion in Paris in 1982 and attended the International Senior Management Program from Harvard Business School in 1993.

 

Richard Blackstone has served as Chairman and CEO of Warner/Chappell Music, Inc. since May 28, 2005. Prior to joining Warner Music Group, Mr. Blackstone was the president of Zomba Music Publishing. Mr. Blackstone joined

 

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Zomba in 1989 as Director of Business Affairs, and was later promoted to the dual role of Head of Creative and Head of Business Affairs. Following the purchase of Zomba by BMG Music in 2002 he was named President of Zomba Music Publishing, and was given oversight responsibility for Brentwood Benson Music Publishing.

 

Michael D. Fleisher has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since January 1, 2005. Prior to joining Warner Music Group, Mr. Fleisher was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Gartner, Inc. Mr. Fleisher joined Gartner in 1993 and served in several roles including Chief Financial Officer prior to being named CEO in 1999. Previous to Gartner, he was at Bain Capital. Mr. Fleisher serves on the Board of Ameritrade.

 

David H. Johnson has served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel since 1999. Prior to joining Warner Music Inc., Mr. Johnson spent nine years as Senior Vice President and General Counsel for Sony Music Entertainment. He also held several posts at CBS and was an associate in the law firm Mayer, Nussbaum, Katz & Baker. Mr. Johnson received a B.A. in political science from Yale University, a J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School and an L.L.M. from New York University School of Law.

 

Caroline Stockdale has served as Executive Vice President, Global Human Resources since August 2005. Prior to joining Warner Music Group, Ms. Stockdale was Senior Vice President, Relationship Leader Human Resources, at American Express Financial Advisors/Global Financial Services since 2002. Before joining American Express Financial Advisors in 2002, Ms. Stockdale held a variety of human resources leadership positions at General Electric (GE) Capital Corporation in Europe and the United States beginning in 1997, including Executive Vice President and Global Human Resources Leader at GE Capital Corporation’s Aviation Services division. Ms. Stockdale qualified as a chartered accountant and graduated with a B.A. Honors degree from the University of Sheffield in Sheffield, England.

 

Alejandro (Alex) Zubillaga has served as Executive Vice President, Digital Strategy and Business Development since August 2005. Prior to being designated as Executive Vice President, Digital Strategy and Business Development, Mr. Zubillaga held various positions with Warner Music Group since joining the company in March 2004, including Senior Vice President, Digital Strategy and Business Development and Vice President, Office of the Chairman. Prior to joining Warner Music Group, Mr. Zubillaga served as managing director and co-founder of Lexa Partners LLC. Previously, Mr. Zubillaga was founder and managing partner of E-Quest Partners. Prior to that, Mr. Zubillaga served as founder, chairman and chief executive officer of NETUNO. Mr. Zubillaga graduated from Babson College with a degree in Business Administration.

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

We own distribution, studio and office facilities and also lease certain facilities in the ordinary course of business. Our executive offices are located at 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019. In addition, we have a ten-year lease ending on July 31, 2014 for our headquarters at 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10019. We also have a seventeen-year lease ending on December 31, 2020, for office space in a building located at 3400 West Olive Avenue, Burbank, California 91505, used primarily by our Recorded Music business, and an approximately sixteen year lease ending on June 30, 2012 for office space at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10104, used primarily by our Recorded Music business. We consider our properties adequate for our current needs.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

On September 7, 2004, November 22, 2004 and March 31, 2005, Eliot Spitzer, the Attorney General of the State of New York, served us with requests for information in the form of subpoenas duces tecum in connection with an industry-wide investigation of the relationship between music companies and radio stations, including the use of independent promoters and accounting for any such payments. The investigation was pursuant to New York Executive Law §63(12) and New York General Business Law §349, both of which are consumer fraud statutes. On November 22, 2005 we reached a settlement with the Attorney General in connection with this

 

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investigation. As part of such settlement, we agreed to make $5 million in charitable payments and to abide by a list of permissible and impermissible promotional activities. On July 25, 2005, Sony BMG reached a settlement with the Attorney General in connection with the same industry-wide investigation. Subsequent to the settlement by Sony BMG, TSR Records, an independent label, filed an antitrust suit against Sony BMG alleging that the label’s radio promotion activities are anticompetitive. While it is too soon to predict the outcome of these recent developments on us, any litigation we may become involved in as a result of our settlement with the Attorney General, regardless of the merits of the claim, could be costly and would divert the time and resources of management.

 

We are involved in litigation arising in the normal course of our business. Management does not believe that any legal proceedings pending against us will have, individually, or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business. However, we cannot predict with certainty the outcome of any litigation or the potential for future litigation. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us, including our brand value, because of defense costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders of Warner Music Group Corp. during the fourth quarter of 2005.

 

PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Warner Music Group Corp.’s common stock was listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WMG” on May 10, 2005. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our common stock. The following table presents the high and low closing prices for the common stock on the New York Stock Exchange during the periods indicated and the dividends declared during such periods:

 

     High

   Low

  

Dividends

Paid


2005:

                    

Third Quarter (commencing May 10, 2005)

   $ 16.95    $ 15.23      —  

Fourth Quarter

   $ 18.71    $ 14.75      —  

2006:

                    

First Quarter (ending November 24, 2005)

   $ 18.95    $ 15.25    $ 0.13

 

As of November 24, 2005 there were approximately 35 registered holders of record for the common stock and 148,460,622.724 shares outstanding. Because many of our shares of common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders. The closing price of the common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on November 24, 2005, was 18.05.

 

Dividend Policy

 

On October 3, 2005 the Board of Directors of Warner Music Group declared a quarterly dividend of $0.13 per share of common stock, representing an aggregate quarterly dividend of approximately $19.3 million (based on outstanding shares of 148,455,312.724 as of September 30, 2005). The dividend was paid November 23, 2005, to stockholders of record as of the close of business on October 24, 2005. The portion of the dividend with respect to unvested restricted stock of approximately $1 million will be paid at such time as such shares become vested.

 

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As previously announced, we intend to continue paying quarterly dividends on our common stock outstanding in an amount not to exceed $80 million per year in the aggregate. The Board will evaluate whether to pay a dividend on a quarterly basis and will base its decisions on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

 

The amounts available to us to pay further cash dividends will be restricted by our subsidiary WMG Acquisition Corp.’s senior secured credit agreement and the indentures governing our outstanding notes, including the indenture governing WMG Holdings Corp.’s outstanding 9.5% Senior Discount Notes due 2014 and the indenture governing WMG Acquisition Corp.’s 7 3/8% Senior Subordinated Dollar Notes due 2014 and 8 1/8% Senior Subordinated Sterling Notes due 2014. Under Acquisition Corp.’s senior secured credit agreement, generally neither Holdings nor Holdings’ subsidiaries may pay dividends or otherwise transfer their assets to us. However, Acquisition Corp.’s senior secured credit agreement permits such restricted payments in an amount not to exceed $10.0 million, subject to increase up to $50.0 million if the leverage ratio is less than 3.5 to 1, and subject to additional increase in an amount equal to 50% of excess cash flow that is not otherwise applied pursuant to Acquisition Corp.’s senior secured credit agreement and allows distributions not in excess of $90 million in any fiscal year to be applied to pay regular quarterly cash dividends to holders of our common stock. The indentures governing the Holdings Notes and the Acquisition Corp. Notes also limit the ability of Holdings, Acquisition Corp. and their subsidiaries to pay dividends to us. Under such indentures, generally our subsidiaries may pay dividends or make other restricted payments depending on a formula based on 50% of consolidated net income. In addition, Acquisition Corp. may also make such restricted payments if, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any such payment, it has a net indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio of no greater than 3.75 to 1.0 and a net senior indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio of no greater than 2.5 to 1.0, and Holdings may make such restricted payments if, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any such payment, it has a net indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio of no greater than 4.25 to 1.0. Acquisition Corp. and Holdings may also make restricted payments under the indentures of up to $45.0 million and $75.0 million, respectively, without regard to any such provisions. The Holdings indenture permits Holdings to dividend up to 6% per annum from proceeds of our initial public offering received by Holdings. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition and Liquidity—Liquidity.”

 

Use of Proceeds from Sales of Registered Securities

 

On May 10, 2005, we registered 37,490,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate offering price of $897,760,000 in our initial public offering. On May 13, 2005 we closed the sale by us of a total of 32,600,000 shares of our common stock in our initial common stock offering at a price of $17.00 per share in a firm commitment underwritten initial public offering. This offering was effected pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-123249), which the Securities and Exchange Commission declared effective on May 10, 2005. Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Morgan Stanley & Co. Inc. were the joint global coordinators and, together with Lehman Brothers Inc. and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., served as joint book-running managers in the offering. Banc of America Securities LLC and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. acted as joint lead managers in the offering. Of the $554.2 million of gross proceeds raised in the offering:

 

    approximately $26.3 million was paid to the underwriters in connection with the underwriting discount;

 

    approximately $10.9 million was used in connection with offering expenses, printing fees, listing fees, filing fees, accounting fees and legal fees; and

 

    approximately $517 million was used in connection with the redemption of 100% of WMG Holdings Corp.’s Floating Rate Senior Notes due 2011 and Floating Rate Senior PIK Notes due 2014 and 35% of the aggregate principal amount of its outstanding 9.5% Senior Discount Notes due 2014 on June 15, 2005.

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

The following table provides information as of September 30, 2005 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans.

 

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Plan Category


   Number of Securities to be
Issued upon Exercise of
Outstanding Options


   Weighted
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options


   Number of Securities Remaining
Available for Future Issuance
Under Equity Compensation
Plans (excluding securities
reflected in first column)


Equity Compensation Plans

   6,383,629    $ 2.90    2,089,420

Approved by Stockholders (1)

                

(1) Consists of the 2005 Omnibus Stock Plan, as well as individual LTIP and individual stock option agreements.

 

LTIP and Individual Stock Option Agreements

 

In 2004, the Company’s board of directors approved a form of LTIP stock option agreement for grants of options to eligible individuals. Eligible individuals include any employee, director or consultant of the Company or any of its affiliates, or any other entity designated by Warner Music Group’s board of directors in which the Company has an interest, who is selected by the Company’s compensation committee to receive an award. The board authorized the granting of options to purchase up to 1,355,066 shares of our common stock pursuant to the LTIP program. The Company has granted options and may grant additional stock options under the LTIP stock option agreements to certain members of our current or future management. The board also approved the granting of options to purchase 3,701,850 shares of our common stock under stock option agreements with certain members of our management. Individual option agreements and options granted under the LTIP program generally will have a 10-year term and the exercise price will equal at least 100% of the fair market value on the date of the grant. With respect to each option granted pursuant to individual option agreements or a LTIP stock option agreement, one-third of the shares covered by the option generally vest and become exercisable in four equal installments on the day prior to each of first through fourth anniversaries of the effective date of the LTIP stock option agreement, subject to the employee’s continued employment. Two-thirds of the shares covered by the option generally vest and become exercisable based on the occurrence of both a service condition (which is the same as the service condition described with respect to the service-based portion of the option) and a performance condition. The performance condition is met if, following an initial public offering or certain other events (including a change in control), a specified investment return is achieved by the investors (one-half of such shares require one return level and the other one-half of such shares require a different return level). The performance-based portion of the option also vests, subject to the employee’s continued employment, on the day prior to the seventh anniversary of the effective date of the individual or LTIP stock option agreement and the service condition applicable to the performance-based option will be deemed to have been attained upon certain terminations following or in anticipation of a change in control.

 

2005 Omnibus Stock Plan

 

In May 2005, we adopted the 2005 Omnibus Stock Plan, or 2005 Plan, which authorized the granting of stock based awards to purchase up to 3,416,133 shares of our common stock. Under the 2005 Plan, our board of directors or the compensation committee will administer the plan and has the power to make awards, to determine when and to whom awards will be granted, the form of each award, the amount of each award, and any other terms or conditions of each award consistent with the terms of the 2005 Plan. Awards may be made to employees, directors and others as set forth in the 2005 Plan. The types of awards that may be granted include restricted and unrestricted stock, incentive and non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance units and other stock based awards. Each award agreement specifies the number and type of award, together with any other terms and conditions as determined by the board of directors or the compensation committee in their sole discretion. Eligible employees include any employee who does not already have any other equity participation in our company. The Company has granted options and may grant additional awards under the 2005 Plan to certain member of our current or future management. Options granted generally have a 10-year term, the exercise price will equal at least 100% of the fair market value on the date of the grant and generally vest in four equal installments on the day prior to each of first through fourth anniversaries of the effective date of the stock option agreement, subject to the employee’s continued employment.

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

Our summary balance sheet data as of September 30, 2005 and 2004, and the statement of operations and other data for each of (i) the twelve-month fiscal year ended September 30, 2005; (ii) the seven months ended September 30, 2004, (iii) the three months ended February 29, 2004, and (iv) the twelve-month fiscal year ended November 30, 2003 have been derived from our audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference herein. Our summary statement of operations and other data for each of the ten months ended September 30, 2003 and the five months ended February 29, 2004 have been derived from our unaudited financial statements included or incorporated by reference herein. Our summary balance sheet data as of (i) February 29, 2004 (ii) November 30, 2003 and (iii) November 30, 2002 and the statement of operations and other data for the year ended November 30, 2002 are derived from our audited financial statements that are not included in this annual report. Our summary balance sheet data as of (i) September 30, 2003 and (ii) November 30, 2001 and the statement of operations and other data for the year ended November 30, 2001 are derived from our unaudited financial statements that are not included in this annual report.

 

The comparability of our historical financial data has been affected by a number of significant events and transactions. These include the acquisition of substantially all of our recorded music and music publishing businesses from Time Warner effective March 1, 2004 for approximately $2.6 billion (the “Acquisition”) in 2004, a change in our fiscal year to September 30 from November 30, which was enacted in 2004, and the AOL Time Warner Merger in 2001. For all periods prior to the Acquisition, the recorded music and music publishing businesses formerly owned by Time Warner are referred to as “Old WMG” or the “Predecessor.” For all periods subsequent to the Acquisition, the business is referred to as the “Company” or the “Successor.” Due to the change in our year-end, financial information for 2004 reflects a shortened ten-month period ended September 30, 2004 and is separated into two pre-acquisition and post-acquisition periods as a result of the change in accounting basis that occurred relating to the Acquisition.

 

In connection with the Acquisition, a new accounting basis was established for the Company as of the acquisition date based upon an allocation of the purchase price to the underlying net assets acquired. As such, financial information for the twelve months ended September 30, 2004 is separated into pre-acquisition and post-acquisition periods as a result of the change in accounting basis that occurred relating to the Acquisition. That is for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004, we have presented our operating results and cash flows separately for the pre-acquisition five-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004. The financial information for the ten months ended September 30, 2004 is separated into the pre-acquisition three-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004.

 

The split presentation mentioned above is required under GAAP in situations when a change in accounting basis occurs. This is because the new accounting basis requires that the historical carrying value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed be adjusted to fair value, which may yield results that are not strictly comparable on a period-to-period basis due to the different, and sometimes higher, cost basis associated with the allocation of the purchase price.

 

We believe that this split presentation may impede the ability of users of our financial information to understand our operating and cash flow performance. Consequently, in order to enhance an analysis of our operating results and cash flows, we have presented our operating results and cash flows on a combined basis for the full ten-month period and twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004. The combined presentation for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004 simply represents the mathematical addition of the pre-acquisition, five-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004 and the combined presentation for the ten-month period ended September 30, 2004 represents the mathematical addition of the pre-acquisition three-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition seven-month period ended September 30, 2004. These are not intended to represent what our operating results would have been had the Acquisition occurred at the beginning of the period.

 

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The following table sets forth our selected historical financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

    Fiscal Years Ended November 30,

   

Ten

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,

2003


   

Three

Months
Ended

Feb. 29,
2004


   

Five

Months
Ended

Feb. 29,
2004


   

Seven

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,
2004


   

Ten
Months
Ended

Sept. 30
2004


   

Twelve

Months
Ended

Sept. 30
2004


   

Twelve

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,
2005


 
    2001

    2002

    2003

               
    Predecessor

    Successor

    Combined

    Successor

 
    (unaudited)     (audited)     (audited)     (unaudited)     (audited)     (unaudited)     (audited)     (unaudited)     (unaudited)     (audited)  
    (in millions, except per share data)  

Statement of Operations Data:

                                                                               

Revenues

  $ 3,226     $ 3,290     $ 3,376     $ 2,487     $ 779     $ 1,668     $ 1,769     $ 2,548     $ 3,437     $ 3,502  

Cost of revenues

    (1,731 )     (1,873 )     (1,940 )     (1,449 )     (415 )     (906 )     (944 )     (1,359 )     (1,850 )     (1,850 )

Selling, general and administrative expenses

    (1,402 )     (1,282 )     (1,286 )     (995 )     (319 )     (610 )     (677 )     (996 )     (1,287 )     (1,301 )

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets

    —         (1,500 )     (1,019 )     —         —         (1,019 )     —         (1,019 )     —         —    

Depreciation and amortization

    (868 )     (249 )     (328 )     (272 )     (72 )     (128 )     (140 )     (212 )     (268 )     (238 )

Operating (loss) income

    (766 )     (1,542 )     (1,158 )     (197 )     (11 )     (972 )     18       7       (954 )     84  

Interest expense, net

    (34 )     (23 )     (5 )     (5 )     (2 )     (2 )     (80 )     (82 )     (82 )     (182 )

(Loss) income before cumulative effect of accounting change

    (910 )     (1,230 )     (1,353 )     (201 )     (32 )     (1,184 )     (238 )     (270 )     (1,422 )     (169 )

Net (loss) income

  $ (910 )   $ (6,026 )   $ (1,353 )   $ (201 )   $ (32 )   $ (1,184   $ (238 )   $ (270 )   $ (1,422 )   $ (169 )

Net income (loss) per common share (1):

                                                                               

Basic

    —         —         —         —         —         —       $ (2.21 )     —         —       $ (1.40 )

Diluted

    —         —         —         —         —         —       $ (2.21 )     —         —       $ (1.40 )

Average common share (1):

                                                                               

Basic

    —         —         —         —         —         —         107.5       —         —         120.9  

Diluted

    —         —         —         —         —         —         107.5       —         —         120.9  
 

Segment Data:

                                                                               

Revenues:

                                                                               

Recorded Music

  $ 2,701     $ 2,752     $ 2,839     $ 2,039     $ 630     $ 1,430     $ 1,429     $ 2,059     $ 2,859     $ 2,924  

Music Publishing

    547       563       563       467       157       253       348       505       601       607  

Corporate and eliminations

    (22 )     (25 )     (26 )     (19 )     (8 )     (15 )     (8 )     (16 )     (23 )     (29 )
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total revenues

  $ 3,226     $ 3,290     $ 3,376     $ 2,487     $ 779     $ 1,668     $ 1,769     $ 2,548     $ 3,437     $ 3,502  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Operating income (loss):

                                                                               

Recorded Music

  $ (733 )   $ (1,206 )   $ (1,130 )   $ (181 )   $ (9 )   $ (958 )   $ 24     $ 15     $ (934 )   $ 215  

Music Publishing

    23       (273 )     23       19       17       21       53       70       74       82  

Corporate and eliminations

    (56 )     (63 )     (51 )     (35 )     (19 )     (35 )     (59 )     (78 )     (94 )     (213 )
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total operating income (loss)

  $ (766 )   $ (1,542 )   $ (1,158 )   $ (197 )     (11 )   $ (972 )   $ 18     $ 7     $ (954 )   $ 84  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


OIBDA (2):

                                                                               

Recorded Music

  $ 73     $ 173     $ 116     $ 8     $ 38     $ 146     $ 120     $ 158     $ 266     $ 380  

Music Publishing

    81       88       107       88       38       57       87       125       145       141  

Corporate and eliminations

    (52 )     (54 )     (34 )     (21 )     (15 )     (28 )     (49 )     (64 )     (77 )     (199 )
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total OIBDA (2)

  $ 102     $ 207     $ 189     $ 75     $ 61     $ 175     $ 158     $ 219     $ 333     $ 322  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Cash Flow Data:

                                                                               

Cash flows provided by (used in):

                                                                               

Operating activities

  $ (122 )   $ (13 )   $ 278     $ 257     $ 321     $ 352     $ 86     $ 407     $ 438     $ 205  

Investing activities

    (175 )     (365 )     (65 )     (73 )     14       17       (2,663 )     (2,649 )     (2,646 )     (54 )

Financing activities

    227       385       (121 )     (151 )     (10 )     18       2,661       2.651       2,679       (416 )

Capital expenditures

    (91 )     (88 )     (51 )     (30 )     (3 )     (24 )     (15 )     (18 )     (39 )     (30 )

 

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Table of Contents
    Fiscal Years Ended November 30,

   

Ten

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,

2003


   

Three

Months
Ended

Feb. 29,
2004


   

Five

Months
Ended

Feb. 29,
2004


   

Seven

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,
2004


 

Ten
Months
Ended

Sept. 30
2004


 

Twelve

Months
Ended

Sept. 30
2004


   

Twelve

Months
Ended

Sept. 30,
2005


    2001

    2002

    2003

               
    Predecessor

    Successor

  Combined

    Successor

    (unaudited)     (audited)     (audited)     (unaudited)     (audited)     (unaudited)     (audited)   (unaudited)   (unaudited)     (audited)
    (in millions, except per share data)
 

Balance Sheet Data
(at period end):

                                                                         

Cash and equivalents

  $ 34     $ 41     $ 144     $ 80     $ 471     $ 471     $ 555   $ 555   $ 555     $ 288

Total assets

    17,642       5,679       4,484       5,255       4,560       4,560       5,090     5,090     5,090       4,498

Total debt (including current portion of long-term debt)

    115       101       120       115       132       132       1,840     1,840     1,840       2,246

Shareholders’ equity

    14,588       3,001       1,587       2,673       1,691       1,691       280     280     280       89

(1) Net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average common shares outstanding.

(2) We evaluate segment and consolidated performance based on several factors, of which the primary measure is operating income (loss) before non-cash depreciation of tangible assets, non-cash amortization of intangible assets and non-cash impairment charges to reduce the carrying value of goodwill and intangible assets (which we refer to as “OIBDA”). See “Use of OIBDA” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Note that OIBDA is different from Adjusted EBITDA as defined in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition and Liquidity—Covenant Compliance”, which is presented on a consolidated and combined basis therein as a covenant compliance measure. The following is a reconciliation of operating income, which is a GAAP measure of our operating results, to OIBDA.

Operating income (loss)

  $ (766 )   $ (1,542 )   $ (1,158 )   $ (197 )   $ (11 )   $ (972 )   $ 18   $ 7   $ (954 )   $ 84

Depreciation and amortization expense

    868       249       328       272       72       128       140     212     268       238

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets

    —         1,500       1,019       —         —         1,019       —       —       1,019       —  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 


 

OIBDA

  $ 102     $ 207     $ 189     $ 75     $ 61     $ 175     $ 158   $ 219   $ 333     $ 322
   


 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 


 

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition includes periods prior to the consummation of our acquisition of substantially all of Time Warner Inc.’s recorded music and music publishing businesses and related financing (the “Transactions”). Accordingly, the discussion and analysis of operating results for the ten months and twelve months ended September 30, 2004 do not reflect the full impact that the Transactions have had on us, including significantly increased financing costs. You should read the following discussion of our results of operations and financial condition with the audited financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 (the “Annual Report”).

 

“SAFE HARBOR” STATEMENT UNDER PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

 

This Annual Report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Annual Report, including, without limitation, statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs, savings and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe” or “continue” or the negative thereof or variations thereon or similar terminology. Such statements include, among others, statements regarding our ability to develop talent and attract future talent, to reduce future capital expenditures, to monetize our music content, including through new distribution channels and formats, to effectively deploy our capital, the development of digital music and the effect of digital distribution channels on our business, including whether or not the Internet will become an important sales channel and whether we will be able to achieve higher margins from digital sales, our success in limiting piracy, our ability to compete in the highly competitive markets in which we operate, the growth of the music industry and the effect of our and the music industry’s efforts to combat piracy on the industry and the effect of litigation on us. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to have been correct.

 

There are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. Additionally important factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements we make in this Annual Report. As stated elsewhere in this Annual Report, such risks, uncertainties and other important factors include, among others:

 

    the impact of our substantial leverage on our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, on our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and on our ability to meet our obligations under our indebtedness;

 

    the continued decline in the global recorded music industry and the rate of overall decline in the music industry;

 

    our ability to continue to identify, sign and retain desirable talent at manageable costs;

 

    the threat posed to our business by piracy of music by means of home CD-R activity and Internet peer-to-peer file-sharing;

 

    the significant threat posed to our business and the music industry by organized industrial piracy;

 

    the impact of our restructuring plan on our business (including our ability to generate revenues and attract desirable talent);

 

    the popular demand for particular recording artists and/or songwriters and albums and the timely completion of albums by major recording artists and/or songwriters;

 

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Table of Contents
    the diversity and quality of our portfolio of songwriters;

 

    the diversity and quality of our album releases;

 

    significant fluctuations in our results of operations and cash flows due to the nature of our business;

 

    our involvement in intellectual property litigation;

 

    the possible downward pressure on our pricing and profit margins;

 

    the seasonal and cyclical nature of recorded music sales;

 

    our ability to continue to enforce our intellectual property rights in digital environments;

 

    the ability to develop a successful business model applicable to a digital environment;

 

    the ability to maintain product pricing in a competitive environment;

 

    the impact of heightened and intensive competition in the recorded music and music publishing businesses and our inability to execute our business strategy;

 

    risks associated with our non-U.S. operations, including limited legal protections of our intellectual property rights and restrictions on the repatriation of capital;

 

    the possible unexpected loss of artists and key employees and our market share as a result of our restructuring plan;

 

    the impact of legitimate music distribution on the Internet or the introduction of other new music distribution formats;

 

    the impact of rate regulations on our Music Publishing business;

 

    risks associated with the fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;

 

    our ability and the ability of our joint venture partners to operate our existing joint ventures satisfactorily;

 

    the enactment of legislation limiting the terms by which an individual can be bound under a “personal services” contract could impair our ability to retain the services of key artists;

 

    potential loss of catalog if it is determined that recording artists have a right to recapture recordings under the U.S. Copyright Act;

 

    changes in law and government regulations;

 

    legal or other developments related to pending litigation or the industry-wide investigation of the relationship between music companies and radio stations by the Attorney General of the State of New York;

 

    trends that affect the end uses of our musical compositions (which include uses in broadcast radio and television, film and advertising businesses);

 

    the growth of other products that compete for the disposable income of consumers;

 

    risks inherent in relying on one supplier for manufacturing, packaging and distribution services in North America and Europe;

 

    risks inherent in our acquiring or investing in other businesses;

 

    the possibility that our owners’ interests will conflict with ours or yours;

 

    our ability to act as a stand-alone company;

 

    increased costs and diversion of resources associated with complying with the internal control reporting or other requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley;

 

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Table of Contents
    weaknesses in our internal controls related to U.S. royalties that could affect our ability to ensure reliable financial reports;

 

    the effects associated with the formation of Sony BMG Music Entertainment; and

 

    failure to attract and retain key personnel.

 

There may be other factors not presently known to us or which we currently consider to be immaterial that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.

 

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf apply only as of the date of this Annual Report and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this Annual Report. We disclaim any duty to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Warner Music Group Corp. (the “Company” or “Parent”) was formed by a private equity consortium of Investors (the “Investor Group”) on November 21, 2003. The Company is the direct parent of WMG Holdings Corp. (“Holdings”), which is the direct parent of WMG Acquisition Corp. (“New WMG” or “Acquisition Corp.”). New WMG is the successor to substantially all of the interests of the recorded music and music publishing businesses of Time Warner Inc. (“Time Warner”). Such predecessor interests formerly owned by Time Warner are hereinafter referred to as “Old WMG” or the “Predecessor.” Effective March 1, 2004, Acquisition Corp. acquired Old WMG from Time Warner for approximately $2.6 billion (the “Acquisition”).

 

Warner Music Group Corp. is a holding company that conducts substantially all of its business operations through its subsidiaries. The Company’s only asset is its ownership of all outstanding shares of Holdings, and Holdings’ only asset is its ownership of all the outstanding shares of Acquisition Corp. The terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “ours,” and the “Company” refer collectively to Warner Music Group Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries, except where otherwise indicated.

 

Management’s discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition (“MD&A”) is provided as a supplement to the audited financial statements and footnotes included elsewhere herein to help provide an understanding of our financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of our operations. MD&A is organized as follows:

 

    Overview. This section provides a general description of our business, as well as recent developments that we believe are important in understanding our results of operations and financial condition and in anticipating future trends.

 

    Results of operations. This section provides an analysis of our results of operations for the twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 and for the ten-month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2003. This analysis is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis.

 

    Financial condition and liquidity. This section provides an analysis of our cash flows for the twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, as well as a discussion of our financial condition and liquidity as of September 30, 2005. The discussion of our financial condition and liquidity includes (i) our available financial capacity under the revolving credit portion of our senior secured credit facility and (ii) a summary of our key debt compliance measures under our indenture agreements.

 

Use of OIBDA

 

We evaluate our operating performance based on several factors, including our primary financial measure of operating income (loss) before non-cash depreciation of tangible assets, non-cash amortization of intangible

 

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assets and non- cash impairment charges to reduce the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets (which we refer to as “OIBDA”). We consider OIBDA to be an important indicator of the operational strengths and performance of our businesses, including the ability to provide cash flows to service debt. However, a limitation of the use of OIBDA as a performance measure is that it does not reflect the periodic costs of certain capitalized tangible and intangible assets used in generating revenues in our businesses. Accordingly, OIBDA should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss) and other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

 

Change in Fiscal Year and Basis of Presentation

 

In 2004, in connection with the Acquisition, the Company changed its fiscal year-end to September 30 from November 30. As such, we restated our prior quarters starting October 1, 2003, under the new fiscal year format, to enhance comparability between periods. Due to this change in fiscal year-end, our 2004 fiscal year consists of the ten-months ended September 30, 2004, while our 2005 fiscal year is the full twelve-month period ending September 30, 2005. Our discussion of the current twelve-month fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 is presented as the comparison of the twelve-month fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 to the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004. The twelve months ended September 30, 2004 are unaudited and were derived from the audited fiscal year financial results for the ten months ended September 30, 2004 and the audited fiscal year financial results for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2003. Our discussion of the prior ten-month fiscal year is presented as the comparison of the ten months ended September 30, 2004 to the ten months ended September 30, 2003. The ten months ended September 30, 2003 are unaudited and were derived from the audited fiscal year financial results for the twelve months ended November 30, 2003.

 

In connection with the Acquisition, a new accounting basis was established for the Company as of the acquisition date based upon an allocation of the purchase price to the underlying net assets acquired. As such, financial information for each of the ten and the twelve months ended September 30, 2004 is separated into pre-acquisition and post-acquisition periods as a result of the change in accounting basis that occurred relating to the Acquisition. That is for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004, we have presented our operating results and cash flows separately for the pre-acquisition five-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004. The financial information for the ten months ended September 30, 2004 is separated into the pre-acquisition three-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004.

 

The split presentation mentioned above is required under GAAP in situations when a change in accounting basis occurs. This is because the new accounting basis requires that the historical carrying value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed be adjusted to fair value, which may yield results that are not strictly comparable on a period-to-period basis due to the different, and sometimes higher, cost basis associated with the allocation of the purchase price.

 

We believe that this split presentation may impede the ability of users of our financial information to understand our operating and cash flow performance. Consequently, in order to enhance an analysis of our operating results and cash flows, we have presented our operating results and cash flows on a combined basis for the full ten-month period and twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004. The combined presentation for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004 simply represents the mathematical addition of the pre-acquisition, five-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition, seven-month period ended September 30, 2004 and the combined presentation for the ten-month period ended September 30, 2004 represents the mathematical addition of the pre-acquisition three-month period ended February 29, 2004 and the post-acquisition seven-month period ended September 30, 2004. These are not intended to represent what our operating results would have been had the Acquisition occurred at the beginning of the period. Reconciliations showing the mathematical combination of our operating results for such periods are included herein.

 

Though we believe that the combined presentation is most meaningful for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004 and the ten-month period ended September 30, 2004, it is not in conformity with GAAP. As

 

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such, we have supplemented our historical operating results for periods, as appropriate, with pro forma financial information and have further highlighted in our discussions that follow any significant effects from the Acquisition to facilitate an understanding of a comparison of our operating results from period-to-period.

 

OVERVIEW

 

Description of Business

 

We are one of the world’s major music content companies. Effective as of March 1, 2004, substantially all of Time Warner Inc.’s music division was acquired from Time Warner by us for approximately $2.6 billion.

 

We classify our business interests into two fundamental areas: Recorded Music and Music Publishing. A brief description of each of those operations is presented below.

 

Recorded Music Operations

 

Our Recorded Music business consists of the discovery and development of artists and the related marketing, distribution and licensing of recorded music produced by such artists. In the U.S., our operations are conducted principally through our major record labels—Warner Bros. Records Inc. and The Atlantic Records Group. Internationally, our Recorded Music operations are conducted through our Warner Music International division (“WMI”), which includes various subsidiaries, affiliates and non-affiliated licensees in more than 50 countries outside the United States. In addition to the more traditional methods of discovering and developing artists, we have implemented new initiatives to identify and nurture artists earlier in the development process and reduce development costs by leveraging our independent distribution network. We refer to these new business models as incubator initiatives. Asylum and East West are current incubator labels. In addition, we have also entered into strategic ventures with other record labels.

 

Our Recorded Music operations also include a catalog division named Rhino Entertainment (“Rhino”), formerly known as Warner Strategic Marketing. Rhino specializes in marketing our music catalog through compilations and reissuances of previously released music and video titles, as well as in the licensing of recordings to/from third parties for various uses, including film and television soundtracks.

 

Our principal Recorded Music distribution operations include Warner-Elektra-Atlantic Corporation (“WEA Corp.”), which primarily markets and sells music products to retailers and wholesale distributors in the U.S.; a 90% interest in Alternative Distribution Alliance, an distribution company that primarily distributes the products of independent labels to retail and wholesale distributors in the United States; various distribution centers and ventures operated internationally; and an 80% interest in Word Entertainment, whose distribution operations specialize in the distribution of music products in the Christian retail marketplace.

 

Our principal recorded music revenue sources are sales of CDs, digital downloads and other recorded music products and license fees received for the ancillary uses of our recorded music catalog. The principal costs associated with our Recorded Music operations are as follows:

 

    artist and repertoire costs—the costs associated with (i) signing and developing artists, (ii) creating master recordings in the studio, (iii) creating artwork for album covers and liner notes and (iv) paying royalties to artists, producers, songwriters, other copyright holders and trade unions;

 

    manufacturing, packaging and distribution costs—the costs to manufacture and distribute product to wholesale and retail distribution outlets;

 

    marketing and promotion costs—the costs associated with the promotion of artists and recorded music products, including costs to produce music videos for promotional purposes and artist tour support; and

 

    administration costs—the costs associated with general overhead and other administrative costs, as well as costs associated with anti-piracy initiatives.

 

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Music Publishing Operations

 

Our Music Publishing operations include Warner/Chappell Music, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and certain other music publishing affiliates of the Company. We own or control the rights to more than one million musical compositions, including numerous pop music hits, American standards, folk songs and motion picture and theatrical compositions. Our Music Publishing operations also formerly included Warner Bros. Publications (“WBP”), which marketed printed versions of our music throughout the world. On May 31, 2005, we sold WBP to Alfred Publishing. The sale is not expected to have a material effect on our future operating results and financial condition.

 

Publishing revenues are derived from four main royalty sources:

 

    Mechanical: the licensor receives royalties with respect to compositions embodied in recordings sold in any format or configuration, including singles, albums, CDs, digital downloads and mobile phone ringtones.

 

    Performance: the licensor receives royalties if the composition is performed publicly (e.g., broadcast radio and television, movie theater, concert, nightclub or Internet and wireless streaming).

 

    Synchronization: the licensor receives royalties or fees for the right to use the composition in combination with visual images (e.g., in films, television commercials and programs and videogames).

 

    Other: the licensor receives royalties from other uses such as stage productions.

 

The principal costs associated with our Music Publishing operations are as follows:

 

    artist and repertoire costs—the costs associated with (i) signing and developing songwriters and (ii) paying royalties to songwriters, co-publishers and other copyright holders in connection with income generated from the exploitation of their copyrighted works;

 

    manufacturing, packaging and distribution costs—the costs to manufacture and distribute sheet music and songbooks to retail distribution outlets and schools; and

 

    administration costs—the costs associated with general overhead and other administrative costs.

 

Factors Affecting Results of Operations and Financial Condition

 

Market Factors

 

Over the past five years, the recorded music industry has been unstable, which has adversely affected our operating results. The industry-wide decline can be attributed primarily to digital piracy. Other drivers of this decline are the bankruptcies of record retailers and wholesalers, growing competition for consumer discretionary spending and retail shelf space, and the maturation of the CD format, which has slowed the historical growth pattern of recorded music sales. While new formats for selling recorded music product have been created, including the legal downloading of digital music using the Internet and DVD-Audio formats and the distribution of music on mobile devices, significant revenue streams from these new markets are just beginning to emerge. As of November 20, 2005, year-to-date U.S. recorded music sales (excluding sales of digital tracks) are down approximately 7.6% year-over-year. The recorded music industry performance may continue to negatively impact our operating results. In addition, a declining recorded music industry could continue to have an adverse impact on the music publishing business. This is because our music publishing business generates a significant portion of its revenues from mechanical royalties received from the sale of music in recorded music formats such as the CD.

 

Restructuring

 

Due in part to the development of the new channels mentioned above and ongoing anti-piracy initiatives, we believe that the recorded music industry is positioned to improve over the coming years. However, the industry

 

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may relapse into a period of decline. In addition, there can be no assurances as to the timing or the extent of any improvement in the industry. Accordingly, we have executed a number of cost-saving initiatives over the past few years in an attempt to realign our cost structure with the changing economics of the industry. These initiatives have included significant headcount reductions from the consolidation of operations and the streamlining of corporate and label overhead, exiting certain leased facilities in an effort to consolidate locations and the sale of our manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution operations. We have now completed substantially all of our restructuring efforts and have streamlined the Company to achieve approximately $250 million in annual cost savings.

 

Transactions with Time Warner and its Affiliates

 

As previously described, prior to March 1, 2004, Old WMG was owned and operated by Time Warner. As such, in the normal course of conducting our business, Old WMG had various commercial and financing arrangements with Time Warner and its affiliates. In particular, Old WMG purchased manufacturing packaging and physical distribution services from affiliates of Time Warner, and Time Warner funded its operating and capital requirements. See Note 20 to our audited financial statements for a summary of the principal transactions between Old WMG and Time Warner and its affiliates.

 

Time Warner sold its CD and DVD manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution operations to Cinram at the end of October 2003. Prior to the sale, these operations were under the control of Time Warner and Old WMG’s management. As such, pricing for such services was not negotiated on an arms-length basis and did not reflect market rates. As part of the sale, Time Warner and Old WMG entered into arrangements with Cinram, under which Cinram will provide manufacturing, packaging and physical distribution services for our products in the U.S. and Europe at favorable, market-based rates that were negotiated on an arms-length basis.

 

With respect to the financing arrangements with Time Warner, all cash received or paid by Old WMG was included in, or funded by, clearing accounts or shared international cash pools within Time Warner’s centralized cash management system. Some of those arrangements were interest-bearing and others were not. Accordingly, historical net interest expense is not representative of the amounts incurred by us under our new leveraged capital structure created in connection with the Acquisition.

 

Charges and Payments Relating to Executive Compensation

 

We determined that certain shares of restricted stock issued in 2004 and early 2005 may have been sold at prices below fair market value on the applicable date of sale and certain options to purchase shares of the Company’s stock granted may have had exercise prices below fair market value on the applicable date of grant. As a result, certain U.S. employee holders of the restricted stock who made elections under Section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code will be subject to additional ordinary income tax to the extent of the fair market value of the restricted stock received over the purchase price they paid for such stock. In other cases, certain employees who did not make such an election will be subject to higher taxes on their restricted shares at the time of vesting than would have been the case had they purchased the shares for fair market value. In addition, under the provisions of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, signed into law in October 22, 2004, U.S. employee option holders whose options vest with exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant are subject to significant penalties under new Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. IRS Notice 2005-1 provides transitional guidance on the application of Section 409A which, among other things, permits options with exercise prices below the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of grant to be amended or replaced with new options having an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value on the grant date. Non-U.S. employee holders of restricted stock or options may be subject to similar or other related issues. In order for us to address these issues our Board of Directors, based on a re-assessment of fair market values on the applicable dates, approved the actions discussed below.

 

Restricted Stock. We were authorized to pay each employee, who purchased restricted stock at prices that were below fair market value on the date of purchase, a cash bonus. The cash bonus payable to those employees

 

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who made a Section 83(b) election is an amount equal to the tax liability incurred by the employee as of the date of purchase based on any difference between the re-determined purchase date fair market value and the amount originally paid by the employee, plus an amount necessary to pay the taxes on the bonus. The bonuses that are payable to each of those employees who did not make a Section 83(b) election or the applicable foreign equivalent is an amount reflecting an estimate of the additional tax which would be payable by the employee at the time the restricted stock is scheduled to vest due to that taxable amount being subject to ordinary income rather than capital gains tax rates, and assuming that the re-determined value of the stock remains constant over the vesting period, adjusted down to reflect a present value discount based on the earliest possible vesting dates. We will pay these employees an amount necessary to pay the taxes on the bonus. This will result in total cash payments of approximately $10 million, which the Company has expensed in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005.

 

Options. We have revised the exercise prices of certain options to purchase our common stock to prices equal to the applicable re-determined fair market values of the common stock on the dates of the respective grants. To compensate the grantees for the loss of value represented by this adjustment to the option exercise prices, we will pay each affected employee a cash bonus in an amount equal to the excess of the adjusted aggregate exercise price of the employee’s options over the original aggregate exercise price of the employee’s options, adjusted down to reflect a present value discount based on the earliest possible exercise dates. We have treated the revision of the exercise prices of certain option grants as a modification of such grants. This will result in total cash bonuses paid of approximately $9 million. We have recorded expense of $6 million in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 related to this modification of certain grants.

 

Additional Charges and Payments to Employees

 

Option Adjustments as a Result of Dividend to Investors. Further, in connection with the $100.5 million cash dividend we declared and paid to holders of our common stock consisting of the Investor Group and certain members of management who held shares of common stock prior to our initial common stock offering, we have made an adjustment to all options outstanding at the time of declaration of the dividend. The adjustment consists of a cash make-whole payment consisting of an amount equal to the pro rata amount that would have been received per share had all outstanding options been exercised at the time of the declaration of the dividend adjusted down to reflect a present value discount based on the earliest possible exercise dates. We have expensed approximately $3 million of expense related to such payments in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005.

 

Employee Bonus Plan. We paid a special one-time bonus upon consummation of our initial common stock offering to all or substantially all of our employees, excluding senior management and certain employees with an equity participation in our company. The amount of the award granted to an employee was equal to approximately 4% of the employee’s annual salary. We have paid and recorded expense of $10 million in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 related to such bonus.

 

Of the amounts related to restricted stock and options, all but $3 million has been paid as of September 30, 2005.

 

Initial Common Stock Offering

 

In May 2005, we completed the initial public offering of our common stock (the “Initial Common Stock Offering”). Prior to the consummation of the Initial Common Stock Offering, we, among other things, renamed all of our outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock as common stock and authorized an approximately 1,139 for 1 split of our common stock. We contributed the net proceeds from the Initial Common Stock Offering of $517 million to Holdings as an equity capital contribution. Holdings used all of such funds and approximately $57 million of cash received through dividends from Acquisition Corp. to redeem its outstanding notes as discussed below.

 

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In addition, in connection with the Initial Common Stock Offering, we among others things, repurchased the warrants issued as part of the initial purchase price consideration for the Acquisition from Time Warner for $138 million, we declared and paid a dividend to our stockholders prior to the Initial Common Stock Offering of $100.5 million, and terminated our management agreement as discussed below.

 

Holdings Refinancing and Redemption

 

In December 2004, Holdings issued $847 million principal amount of debt. The $847 million principal amount of Holdings’ debt consisted of (i) $250 million principal amount of Floating Rate Senior Notes due 2011 (the “Holdings Floating Rate Notes”), (ii) $397 million principal amount at maturity of 9.5% Senior Discount Notes due 2014, which had an initial issuance discount of $147 million (the “Holdings Discount Notes”) and (iii) $200 million principal amount of Floating Rate Senior PIK Notes due 2014 (the “Holdings PIK Notes”, and collectively, the “Holdings Notes”).

 

In connection with the Initial Common Stock Offering, we used $517 million of proceeds from the offering along with $57 million of available cash to redeem certain of the Holdings Notes outstanding. As of September 30, 2005, Holdings had $174 million of debt on its balance sheet relating to such securities, net of issuance discounts.

 

The Holdings Floating Rate Notes were redeemed in full on June 15, 2005. From the issuance date through the redemption date, the notes bore interest at a quarterly floating rate based on three-month LIBOR rates plus a margin equal to 4.375%. Interest was payable quarterly in cash beginning on March 15, 2005.

 

The Holdings Discount Notes were issued at a discount and had an initial accreted value of $630.02 per $1,000 principal amount at maturity. Prior to December 15, 2009, no cash interest payments are required. However, interest accrues on the Holdings Discount Notes in the form of an increase in the accreted value of such notes such that the accreted value of the Holdings Discount Notes will equal the principal amount at maturity on December 15, 2009. Thereafter, cash interest on the Holdings Discount Notes is payable semiannually at a fixed rate of 9.5% per annum. The Holdings Discount Notes mature on December 15, 2014. The Company redeemed 35% of the Holdings Discount Notes on June 15, 2005.

 

The Holdings PIK Notes were redeemed in full on June 15, 2005. From the date of issuance through the date of redemption, the notes bore interest at a semi-annual floating rate based on six-month LIBOR rates plus a margin equal to 7%. Interest was accrued in the form of additional PIK notes at the election of the Company. Such amounts were also repaid in connection with the redemption.

 

In connection with the redemption of the Holdings Floating Rate Notes and 35% of the Holdings Discount Notes, we were required to pay redemption premiums of $10 million and $9 million, respectively, which we paid on June 15, 2005. We also wrote off the remaining balance of debt-issuance costs of $12 million related to the notes redeemed and the remaining unamortized original issue discount of $4 million related to the Holdings PIK Notes. These amounts were recorded as a loss on the repayment of the notes in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended September 30, 2005.

 

We were also required to pay all accrued interest as of the redemption date related to the Holdings Notes that were redeemed. This amount consisted of $5 million related to the Holdings Floating Rate Notes, $9 million related to the Holdings PIK Notes, and $4 million in accreted value of the 35% of Holdings Discount Notes redeemed. These amounts have been expensed in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended September 30, 2005.

 

Termination of Management/ Monitoring Agreement

 

As described in Note 20 to our audited consolidated financial statements included herein, we entered into a management monitoring agreement (the “Management Agreement”) with the Investor Group in connection with the Acquisition.

 

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Under the Management Agreement, we were required to pay the Investor Group an aggregate annual fee of $10 million per year (the “Periodic Fees”) in consideration for ongoing consulting and management advisory services. In addition, in the case of future services provided in connection with any future acquisition, disposition, or financing transactions involving the Company or its subsidiaries, the Management Agreement required the Company, Holdings and Acquisition Corp. to pay the Investor Group an aggregate fee of one percent of the gross transaction value of each such transaction (“Subsequent Fees”). The Management Agreement also requires the Company, Holdings and Acquisition Corp. to pay the reasonable expenses of the Investor Group in connection with, and indemnify them for liabilities arising from, the Management Agreement, the Acquisition and any related transactions, their equity investment in the Company, Holdings or Acquisition Corp., their operations, and the services they provide to the Company, Holdings and Acquisition Corp.

 

The Management Agreement provided that it would continue in full force and effect until December 30, 2014, provided, however, that the Investor Group could cause the agreement to terminate at any time. In the event of the termination of the Management Agreement, the Company, Holdings and Acquisition Corp. were required by the terms of the agreement to pay each of the Investor Group any unpaid portion of the Periodic Fees, any Subsequent Fees and any expenses due with respect to periods prior to the date of termination plus the net present value (using a discount rate equal to the then yield on U.S. Treasury Securities of like maturity) of the Periodic Fees that would have been payable with respect to the period from the date of termination until December 30, 2014.

 

The Investor Group terminated the Management Agreement and on May 16, 2005, we paid the Investor Group a $73 million termination fee, which was reflected in our statement of operations for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

Effective March 1, 2004, in connection with the Acquisition, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“FAS 123”) to account for all stock-based compensation plans adopted subsequent to the Acquisition. Under the fair value recognition provisions of FAS 123, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the vesting period.

 

Prior to the Acquisition, certain employees of Old WMG participated in various Time Warner stock option plans. In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”) and related interpretations, compensation cost for stock options or other equity-based awards granted to employees was recognized in income based on the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the stock at the grant date of the award over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Generally, the exercise price for stock options granted to employees equaled or exceeded the fair market value of Time Warner common stock at the date of grant, thereby resulting in no recognition of compensation expense by Old WMG.

 

We recognized $25 million of stock-based compensation expense in the twelve months ended September 30, 2005, compared to $1 million in the twelve months ended September 30, 2004.

 

Lava Records Restructuring

 

The co-chairman of The Atlantic Records Group left our employ in August 2005 and we acquired the remaining interest of the Lava Records joint venture. As a result, in order to streamline our operations, we integrated the Lava operations into the operations of The Atlantic Records Group. In connection with the integration, certain employees were involuntarily terminated and certain artist contracts were terminated, which resulted in the recognition of $7 million in restructuring costs and we also incurred other non-recurring charges of $24 million, specifically related to the departure of the co-chairman of The Atlantic Records Group and the expensing of certain other amounts, in the twelve months ended September 30, 2005. Approximately $20 million of these charges were non-cash.

 

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Settlement

 

We recorded $5 million of expense related to the settlement of a government investigation into radio promotion practices by New York State Attorney General Eliot Spitzer in the twelve months ended September 30, 2005.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared to Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2004

 

The following table summarizes our historical results of operations. The financial data for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 and the seven months ended September 30, 2004 have been derived from our audited financial statements included elsewhere herein and the financial data for the five months ended February 29, 2004 are unaudited and are derived from the audited financial statements included elsewhere herein. See “Change in Fiscal Year and Basis of Presentation” presented earlier herein for a discussion of the use of financial information for the combined twelve-month period ended September 30, 2004.

 

     Successor

    Combined

    Successor

     Predecessor

 
     Twelve Months
Ended
September 30,
2005


    Twelve Months
Ended
September 30,
2004


    Seven Months
Ended
September 30,
2004


     Five Months
Ended
February 29,
2004


 
     (audited)     (unaudited)     (audited)      (unaudited)  
     (in millions)  

Revenues

   $ 3,502     $ 3,437     $ 1,769      $ 1,668  

Costs and expenses:

                                 

Cost of revenues

     (1,850 )     (1,850 )     (944 )      (906 )

Selling, general and administrative expenses(1)

     (1,301 )     (1,287 )     (677 )      (610 )

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets

     —         (1,019 )     —          (1,019 )

Amortization of intangible assets

     (187 )     (201 )     (104 )      (97 )

Loss on termination of management agreement

     (73 )     —         —          —    

Restructuring costs

     (7 )     (34 )     (26 )      (8 )
    


 


 


  


Total costs and expenses

     (3,418 )     (4,391 )     (1,751