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Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR
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<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000950123-02-003272.txt : 20020415
<SEC-HEADER>0000950123-02-003272.hdr.sgml : 20020415
ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950123-02-003272
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20011231
FILED AS OF DATE: 20020401
FILER:
COMPANY DATA:
COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: AT&T CORP
CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000005907
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
IRS NUMBER: 134924710
STATE OF INCORPORATION: NY
FISCAL YEAR END: 1231
FILING VALUES:
FORM TYPE: 10-K
SEC ACT: 1934 Act
SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-01105
FILM NUMBER: 02597071
BUSINESS ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 295 NORTH MAPLE AVENUE
CITY: BASKING RIDGE
STATE: NJ
ZIP: 07920
BUSINESS PHONE: 9082214000
MAIL ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 295 NORTH MAPLE AVENUE
CITY: BASKING RIDGE
STATE: NJ
ZIP: 07920
FORMER COMPANY:
FORMER CONFORMED NAME: AMERICAN TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH CO
DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>e56632e10-k.txt
<DESCRIPTION>AT&T CORP.
<TEXT>
<PAGE>
AS FILED ELECTRONICALLY WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON APRIL 1,
2002
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
<Table>
<C> <S>
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
</Table>
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-1105
AT&T CORP.
<Table>
<S> <C>
A NEW YORK I.R.S. EMPLOYER
CORPORATION NO. 13-4924710
</Table>
295 NORTH MAPLE AVENUE, BASKING RIDGE, NEW JERSEY 07920
TELEPHONE NUMBER 908-221-2000
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
SEE ATTACHED SCHEDULE A.
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
NONE.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ ]
At February 28, 2002, the aggregate market value of voting common stock
held by non-affiliates was approximately $54 billion. At February 28, 2002,
3,545,275,809 shares of AT&T common stock were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
NONE.
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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
<Table>
<Caption>
TITLE OF EACH CLASS NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED
------------------- -----------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Common Shares New York, Boston, Chicago,
(Par Value $1 Per Share) Philadelphia and Pacific
Stock Exchanges
Three Year 6 1/2% Notes due September 15, 2002 New York Stock Exchange
Five Year 5 5/8% Notes due March 15, 2004 New York Stock Exchange
Ten Year 6 3/4% Notes, due April 1, 2004 New York Stock Exchange
Ten Year 7% Notes, due May 15, 2005 New York Stock Exchange
Twelve Year 7 1/2% Notes, due June 1, 2006 New York Stock Exchange
Twelve Year 7 3/4% Notes, due March 1, 2007 New York Stock Exchange
Ten Year 6% Notes due March 15, 2009 New York Stock Exchange
Thirty Year 8 1/8% Debentures, due January 15, 2022 New York Stock Exchange
Thirty Year 8.35% Debentures, due January 15, 2025 New York Stock Exchange
Thirty-Two Year 8 1/8% Debentures, due July 15, New York Stock Exchange
2024
Thirty Year 6 1/2% Notes due March 15, 2029 New York Stock Exchange
Forty Year 8 5/8% Debentures, due December 1, 2031 New York Stock Exchange
</Table>
<PAGE>
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL
AT&T Corp. was incorporated in 1885 under the laws of the State of New York
and has its principal executive offices at 295 North Maple Avenue, Basking
Ridge, New Jersey (telephone number 908-221-2000).
AT&T is among the world's communications leaders, providing voice, data and
video communications services to large and small businesses, consumers and
government entities. AT&T and its subsidiaries furnish domestic and
international long distance, regional, and local communications services, cable
(broadband) television and Internet communications services. AT&T also provides
directory and calling card services to support its communications business.
AT&T's primary lines of business are AT&T Business Services; AT&T Consumer
Services; and AT&T Broadband Services.
RESTRUCTURING
On October 25, 2000, AT&T announced a restructuring plan to be implemented
by various independent actions designed to fully separate or issue separately
tracked stocks intended to reflect the financial performance and economic value
of each of AT&T's four major operating units: Broadband Services, Business
Services, Consumer Services and Wireless Services.
On December 19, 2001, AT&T and Comcast Corporation announced an agreement
to combine AT&T Broadband with Comcast. Under the terms of the agreement, AT&T
will spin off AT&T Broadband and simultaneously merge it with Comcast, forming a
new company to be called AT&T Comcast Corporation. AT&T shareholders will
receive a number of shares of AT&T Comcast common stock based on an exchange
ratio calculated pursuant to a formula specified in the merger agreement. If
determined as of the date of the merger agreement, the exchange ratio would have
been approximately 0.34 shares of AT&T Comcast common stock for each share of
AT&T Corp. common stock held, assuming the AT&T shares held by Comcast are
included in the number of shares of AT&T common stock outstanding. Assuming
Comcast retains its AT&T shares and converts them into exchangeable preferred
stock of AT&T as contemplated by the merger agreement, the exchange ratio would
be approximately 0.35 as of the date of the execution of the merger agreement.
AT&T shareowners will own a 56% economic stake and have a 66% voting interest in
the new company, calculated as of the date of the merger agreement. The merger
remains subject to regulatory review, shareholder approval by both companies and
certain other conditions and is expected to close by the end of 2002. AT&T also
reaffirmed its commitment to seek shareholder approval to create a tracking
stock designed to reflect the economic value and financial performance of its
AT&T Consumer business.
On May 25, 2001, AT&T completed an exchange offer of AT&T common stock for
AT&T Wireless stock. Under the terms of the exchange offer, AT&T issued 1.176
shares of AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock in exchange for each share of AT&T
common stock validly tendered. A total of 372.2 million shares of AT&T common
stock were tendered in exchange for 437.7 million shares of AT&T Wireless Group
tracking stock.
On July 9, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of AT&T Wireless as a
separate, independently traded company. All AT&T Wireless tracking stock was
converted into AT&T Wireless common stock on a one-for-one basis and 1,136
million shares of AT&T Wireless common stock, held by AT&T, were distributed to
AT&T common shareowners on a basis of 0.3218 of a share of AT&T Wireless for
each AT&T share outstanding. AT&T common shareowners received whole shares of
AT&T Wireless and cash payments for fractional shares. The Internal Revenue
Service (IRS) ruled that the transaction qualified as tax-free for AT&T and its
shareowners for U.S. federal income tax purposes, with the exception of cash
received for fractional shares. AT&T retained approximately $3 billion, or 7.3%,
of AT&T Wireless common stock, about half of which was used in a debt-for-equity
exchange in July 2001 and the remaining shares were monetized in the fourth
quarter of 2001.
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On August 10, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of Liberty Media
Corporation as an independent, publicly-traded company. AT&T redeemed each
outstanding share of Class A and Class B Liberty Media Group (LMG) tracking
stock for one share of Liberty Media Corporation's Series A and Series B common
stock, respectively. In the redemption, shares of Liberty Media Corporation were
issued to former holders of Liberty Media Group tracking stock in exchange for
their shares of Liberty Media Group tracking stock. The IRS ruled that the
split-off of Liberty Media Corporation qualified as a tax-free transaction for
AT&T, Liberty Media and their shareowners.
DESCRIPTION OF AT&T BUSINESS SERVICES
OVERVIEW
AT&T Business Services is one of the nation's largest business services
communications providers, offering a variety of global communications services
to over 4 million customers, including large domestic and multinational
businesses, small and medium-sized businesses and government agencies. AT&T
Business Services operates one of the largest telecommunications networks in the
United States and, through AT&T's Global Network Services and other investments
and affiliates, provides an array of services and customized solutions in 60
countries and 850 cities worldwide.
AT&T Business Services provides a broad range of communications services
and customized solutions, including:
- long distance, international and toll-free voice services;
- local services, including private line, local data and special access
services;
- data and Internet Protocol (IP) services for a variety of network
standards, including frame relay and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM);
- managed networking services and outsourcing solutions; and
- wholesale transport services.
STRATEGY
AT&T Business Services intends to leverage its existing leadership position
in communications connectivity and substantial customer base to become a leading
provider of value-added managed communications services and outsourcing
solutions. The following strategic objectives are critical to this
transformation:
Offer comprehensive enterprise networking solutions to large business
customers. AT&T Business Services provides integrated communications services
to enterprise customers, bundling an array of communications and data services
to create customized end-to-end solutions. AT&T Business Services offers large
domestic and U.S.-based multinational corporations solutions comprised of local
voice and data, long-distance voice and data, IP, virtual private networks,
hosting and managed network services. AT&T Business Services believes it has a
well-established reputation for reliability, restoration and overall customer
satisfaction, and that this provides it with critical competitive advantages in
offering enterprise networking solutions.
Increase sales of new services. AT&T Business Services focuses on
increasing sales of high-growth communications services, including local voice
and data, IP connectivity and managed services. AT&T Business Services is
focused on increasing sales on its extensive existing local, long distance and
IP networks. With substantial infrastructure already in place, AT&T Business
Services believes that future capital expenditures will be focused primarily on
meeting specific customer demands for incremental capabilities and capacity.
AT&T Business Services believes that increased sales of high-growth services
will help increase asset utilization and expand operating margins for these new
services.
Lower operating costs and increase efficiencies. AT&T Business Services
believes it is imperative to maintain a cost leadership position. AT&T Business
Services continuously evaluates its operations on an ongoing basis to streamline
core processes and reduce costs, focusing on key operational areas including
access, network operations, provisioning, billing, customer care and sales. In
particular, AT&T focuses on
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providing its customers direct access to its network to enhance service quality
and to reduce AT&T's access charge cost. AT&T Business Services routinely
evaluates its performance relative to competitors through benchmarking studies.
AT&T Business Services also reviews best-of-class companies across all
industries to identify new process improvements and additional cost reduction
opportunities.
Improve asset utilization. AT&T Business Services plans to continue to
improve network asset utilization. AT&T Business Services has invested
substantial capital to create an end-to-end network that supports
next-generation communication services, such as IP-enabled virtual private
networks. AT&T Business Services plans to selectively invest as market demand
and asset utilization levels warrant in order to achieve competitive returns on
capital.
Develop and offer new, innovative customer solutions. AT&T Business
Services believes its market and technological leadership positions enable it to
develop and offer new advanced communications services and managed service
solutions. AT&T Business Services evaluates and launches new products and
services on an ongoing basis to accelerate bundling of transport and
connectivity services with other communications products, such as managed
network services and outsourcing solutions. AT&T Business Services' goal is to
develop and integrate new advanced applications in a manner that ensures
effortless customer migration; for example, to transition from voice private
networks to IP-enabled virtual private networks that support voice as an
application. AT&T Business Services believes its leadership in voice services
coupled with the technological leadership of AT&T Labs in developing IP and
enterprise networking solutions will help attract new enterprise network
customers and generate incremental revenue among AT&T's existing enterprise
customers while increasing network utilization and improving margins.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
The communications services industry continues to evolve, both domestically
and internationally, providing significant opportunities and risks to the
participants in these markets. Factors that have been driving this change
include:
- entry of new competitors and investment of substantial capital in
existing and new services, resulting in significant price competition;
- technological advances resulting in a proliferation of new services and
products and rapid increases in network capacity;
- the Telecommunications Act; and
- deregulation of communications services markets in selected countries
around the world.
One factor affecting the communications services industry is the rapid
development of data services. The development of frame relay, ATM and IP
networks as modes of transmitting information electronically has dramatically
transformed the array and breadth of services offered by telecommunications
carriers.
Use of the Internet, including intranets and extranets, has grown rapidly
in recent years. This growth has been driven by a number of factors, including
the large and growing installed base of personal computers, improvements in
network architectures, increasing numbers of network-enabled applications,
emergence of compelling content and commerce-enabling technologies, and easier,
faster and cheaper Internet access. Consequently, the Internet has become an
important new global communications and commerce medium. The Internet represents
an opportunity for enterprises to interact in new and different ways with both
existing and prospective customers, employees, suppliers and partners.
Enterprises are responding to this opportunity by substantially increasing their
investment in Internet connectivity and services to enhance internal voice and
data networks.
In the United States, the Telecommunications Act has had a significant
impact on AT&T Business Services' business by establishing a statutory framework
for opening the local service markets to competition and by allowing regional
phone companies to provide in-region long distance services. In addition, prices
for long distance minutes and other basic communications services have declined
as a result of increased competitive pressures, governmental deregulation,
introduction of more efficient networks and advanced
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technologies, and product substitution. Competition in these basic
communications services segments has more recently been based more on price and
less on other differentiating factors that appeal to the larger business market
customers, including range of services offered, bundling of products, customer
service, and communications quality, reliability and availability.
SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
VOICE SERVICES
Long Distance Voice Services. AT&T Business Services' long distance voice
communication offerings include the traditional "one plus" dialing of domestic
and international long distance for customers that select AT&T Business Services
as their primary long distance carrier.
AT&T Business Services offers toll-free (for example, 800, 888 or 877)
inbound services, where the receiving party pays for the call. These services
are used in a wide variety of applications, including sales, reservation centers
or customer service centers. AT&T Business Services also offers a variety of
value-added features to enhance customers' toll-free services, including call
routing by origination point and time-of-day routing. In addition, AT&T Business
Services provides virtual private network applications, including dedicated
outbound facilities.
AT&T Business Services also offers audio and video teleconferencing
services, as well as web-based video conferencing. These services offer
customers the ability to establish automated teleconference lines, as well as
teleconferences moderated by an AT&T representative. Customers can also
establish a dedicated audio conference number that can be used at any time
without the necessity of a reservation.
AT&T Business Services also offers a variety of calling cards that allow
the user to place calls from virtually anywhere in the world. Additional
features include prepaid phone cards, conference calling, international
origination, information service access (such as weather or stock quotes), speed
dialing and voice messaging.
Business Local Services. AT&T Business Local provides a wide range of
local voice and data telecommunications services in major metropolitan markets
throughout the United States. Services include basic local exchange service,
Centrex, exchange access, private line, high speed data and video services. AT&T
Business Local typically offers local service as part of a package of services
that can include any combination of other AT&T Business Services offerings.
Integrated Voice/Data/IP Offers. AT&T Business Services provides a variety
of integrated service offers targeted at business customers. For small
businesses, AT&T's All in One service offering provides both local and long
distance services through a single bill, providing discounts based on volume and
term commitments. The AT&T Business Network service offers a wide range of voice
and data services through a single service package. Among the features of the
integrated services offering is the ability to enable customers to
electronically order new services, perform maintenance and manage administrative
functions.
AT&T also has a number of integrated voice and data services, such as
Integrated Network Connections, that provide customers the ability to integrate
access for their voice and data services and thereby qualify for lower prices.
DATA AND INTERNET SERVICES
Private Line Services. AT&T Business Services' data services include
private line and special access services that use high-capacity digital circuits
to carry voice, data and video or multimedia transmission from point-to-point in
multiple configurations. These services provide high-volume customers with a
direct connection to an AT&T Business Services switch instead of switched access
shared by many users. These services permit customers to create internal
computer networks and to access external computer networks and the Internet,
thereby reducing originating access costs.
Packet Services. Packet services consist of data networks utilizing packet
switching and transmission technologies. Packet services include frame relay,
ATM and IP connectivity services. Packet services enable
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customers to transmit large volumes of data economically and securely. Packet
services are utilized for local area network interconnection, remote site, point
of sale and branch office communications solutions. While frame relay and ATM
Services are widely deployed as private data networks, AT&T Business Services
offers customers the ability to connect these networks to the Internet through
services such as IP-enabled frame relay. High speed packet services, including
IP-enabled frame relay service, are utilized extensively by enterprise customers
for an expanding range of applications.
AT&T Business Internet Services. AT&T Business Services provides IP
connectivity and managed IP services, messaging, and electronic commerce
services to businesses. AT&T offers managed Internet services, which give
customers dedicated, high-speed access to the Internet for business applications
at a variety of speeds and types of access, as well as business dial service, a
dial-up version of Internet access designed to meet the needs of small- and
medium-sized businesses. AT&T's web services consist of a family of hosting and
transactional services and platforms serving the web needs of thousands of
businesses; these offers include AT&T Small Business Hosting Services.
MANAGED SERVICES AND OUTSOURCING SOLUTIONS
AT&T Business Services provides clients with an array of managed networking
services, professional services and outsourcing solutions intended to satisfy
clients' complete networking technology needs-ranging from managing individual
network components such as routers and frame relay networks to managing entire
complex global networks. AT&T Business Services is engaged in: designing,
developing and delivering integrated and interoperable global services, allowing
enterprises to optimize networking-based mission-critical and electronic
commerce applications. AT&T Business Services also works selectively with
qualified partners to offer enhanced services to customers.
Enterprise Networking Services. With a global scale and reach in 60
countries and 850 different cities, AT&T Business Services' enterprise
networking services strive to provide comprehensive support from network design,
implementation and installation to ongoing network operations and lifecycle
management of solutions for networks of varying scales, including Local Area
Networks, Wide Area Networks, and Virtual Private Networks. These managed
enterprise networking services enable customers to accommodate specific business
applications such as e-mail, voice over IP, order entry systems, employee
directories, human resource transaction and other database applications; to
create secure remote access intranet and extranet solutions with controlled
access to employees, business partners and customers; and to use Intelligent
Content Distribution Services to accelerate delivery of content to any Internet
user.
Web Services. AT&T Business Services' continuum of managed web hosting
services supports clients' hosted infrastructure needs from the network layer
all the way up through managing the performance of their business applications.
With 18 Internet Data Centers located on three continents and with a capacity of
more than 1.8 million square feet of web hosting space, AT&T's hosting services
provide a fully flexible, managed environment of network, server and security
infrastructure as well as built-in data storage. AT&T's full suite of managed
hosting services includes application performance management, database
management, hardware and operating system management, intelligent content
distribution services, high availability data and computing services, storage
services, managed security and firewall services. AT&T's web hosting services
also include a range of business tools, including client portal services that
provide managed hosting customers with personalized, secure access to detailed
reporting information about their infrastructure and applications.
High Availability and Security Services. AT&T Business Services' high
availability and security services deliver enterprise-class, high-end integrated
solutions to ensure the continuous operations of clients' critical business
processes and availability of critical data by leveraging the core competencies
of AT&T's end-to-end professional services; world-class global networks; global
management and monitoring; Internet Data Centers and conditioned facilities. In
addition, AT&T's high availability and security services include business
continuity and disaster recovery services that provide core network disaster
recovery, information technology, work center, and risk management/business
continuity analysis, planning and operational capabilities.
Outsourcing Solutions. AT&T Business Services provides customers with
outsourcing solutions designed to manage customers' highly complex voice and
data networks. These services range from consulting to
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outsourcing and management of highly complex global data networks. AT&T Business
Services designs, engineers and implements seamless solutions for clients that
are designed to maximize the competitive advantage of networking-based
electronic commerce applications.
Transport. AT&T Business Services considers itself one of the leaders in
providing wholesale networking services to other carriers, providing both
network capacity and switched services. AT&T Business Services offers a
combination of high-volume transmission capacity, conventional dedicated line
services and dedicated switched services on a regional and national basis to
ISPs and facility-based and switchless resellers. AT&T Business Services'
wholesale customers are primarily large tier-one ISPs, competitive local
exchange carriers, regional phone companies, interexchange carriers, cable
companies and systems integrators. AT&T Business Services focuses on ensuring
optimal network utilization through the sale of off-peak capacity. Further,
wholesale switched services are priced to reflect the cost of access incurred.
In limited circumstances, AT&T Business Services also has sold network capacity
through indefeasible rights-of-use agreements under which capacity is furnished
for contract terms as long as 25 years.
SALES AND MARKETING
AT&T Business Services markets its suite of voice and data communications
services through its global sales and marketing organization. The sales and
marketing organization is primarily organized by customer type and targets
retail, wholesale and government organizations throughout the United States and
the rest of the world. AT&T Business Services' direct sales and marketing force
consists of approximately 6,800 sales representatives. In addition, the sales
and marketing group works in connection with several outside telemarketing firms
to target small businesses in a cost efficient manner. For small businesses with
more sophisticated service needs, AT&T Business Services uses a direct sales
force of approximately over 450 representatives trained to market the full suite
of products and services and customized services solutions. In addition, the
AT&T Solution Center provides a centralized resource designed to respond rapidly
to complex customer requirements. For many large and multinational clients, a
senior AT&T officer is responsible for maintaining a continuous relationship
with the senior management of the customer, helping to ensure a continuous and
effective marketing effort.
CUSTOMER CARE AND SUPPORT
AT&T Business Services places a high priority on ensuring all customers
receive the highest level of customer care, including contracting, ordering,
provisioning, maintenance and collections. AT&T's customer care organization
places particular emphasis on the ordering, provisioning and maintenance
processes. Customer care and support group monitors these functions and responds
to inbound customer inquiries in a manner intended to ensure customer orders for
new services, service changes and maintenance requests are completed on-time and
accurately. Customer care and support has approximately 10,000 customer care
associates world-wide at 27 customer care centers, of which 24 are company-owned
and three are operated by outside customer care firms.
AT&T Business Services determines the appropriate customer care program
based on the size and sophistication of the customer and its communications
needs. For larger and multinational customers and government agencies, AT&T
Business Services provides customer care services and support through dedicated
account teams designed to provide support on a rapid and personalized basis.
AT&T Business Services believes that the web has greatly enhanced AT&T
Business Services' customer care programs. Through a dedicated customer care
website, www.iadvantgage@att.com, customers may submit questions or initiate
service requests, including ordering new services or submitting maintenance
requests. Customer care delivered via the web is often quicker and more
convenient for customers and reduces errors.
RATES AND BILLING
AT&T Business Services provides the majority of its services through
long-term contracts. General descriptions of AT&T Business Services' services,
applicable rates, warranties, limitations on liability, user
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requirements and other material service provisioning information are outlined in
service guides that are provided directly to prospective clients or are
available on AT&T's website. Clients enter into contracts, based on the service
guides, detailing customer-specific terms and information, including volume
discounts, service bundling, extended warranties and other customized terms.
Through combined offerings, AT&T Business Services also provides customers with
such features as single billing, unified services for multi-location companies
and customized calling plans. Most intrastate services are provided in
accordance with applicable tariffs filed with the states.
Most domestic and international switched voice services originating in the
United States are billed in 1 or 6 second increments after a fixed initial
period. Switched voice services originating in international markets are also
billed in increments, subject to local market conditions and interconnect
agreements. Switched long distance and local services are billed in arrears,
with monthly billing statements itemizing date, time, duration and charges. Data
services are billed generally in advance, based on a fixed circuit charge, with
rates that vary according to speed of transmission and service type.
NETWORK
AT&T Business Services' U.S. network comprises 46,500 route miles of
long-haul backbone fiber-optic cable, plus another 17,000 route miles of local
metro fiber, capable of carrying OC-192 (10 billion bits, or 10 gigabits per
second) traffic. In addition, AT&T Business Services has recently completed
installation of over 10,000 new route miles of the latest generation fiber-optic
cable capable of carrying OC-768 (40 gigabits per second) when that standard is
ready for deployment. This new fiber capacity presently connects 22 of the
largest U.S. cities, and provides AT&T substantial capacity for future growth of
network traffic with minimal incremental capital expenditure requirements. AT&T
Business Services was the first in the industry with a coast-to-coast OC-192
backbone, connecting Boston, New York, Chicago, St. Louis, San Francisco and Los
Angeles. In addition to this state-of-the-art 10 gigabits per second backbone,
AT&T Business Services also has over 400 Synchronous Optical Network
points-of-presence in the continental U.S., offering high-speed data
connectivity to the majority of U.S. business centers. Currently, 78 of these
points-of-presence are tariffed with OC-48 service.
AT&T Business Services' network, which also supports AT&T Consumer
Services' services, carries over 300 million voice calls every business day and
more than 2,175 trillion bytes (terabytes) of data each day. On the voice
network, AT&T Business Services employs its patented Real Time Network Routing
to automatically complete domestic voice calls through more than 100 possible
routes. The reliability of certain portions of the network is maximized by using
Synchronous Optical Network rings that can restore service on a severed fiber
optic cable within 50 to 60 milliseconds by sending traffic in the other
direction on the ring. On other routes, AT&T uses its patented FASTAR technology
to route traffic around a cable cut by automatically transferring traffic to
alternative spare capacity. AT&T Business Services stands behind its reliability
claims with service level agreements. For example, on its IP backbone, AT&T
Business Services guarantees business customers no more than 60 milliseconds of
latency, or delay in the transmission of a packet of information, and 0.7%
packet loss per month.
AT&T Business Services has been a leader in deploying Dense Wavelength
Division Multiplexing, or DWDM, technology that divides an optical fiber into
multiple channels, each carrying up to 10 gigabits per second of information
today. When DWDM was introduced in 1996, the technology could put only eight
wavelengths on a fiber strand. Today, AT&T Business Services is deploying 64-and
80-wavelength DWDM systems, as well as systems capable of carrying 160
wavelengths. When installed with OC-192 capabilities, a 160-wavelength DWDM
system will enable 1.6 terabits (trillion bits per second) on a single fiber
strand.
Since digital switching was introduced in the late 1970s, the heart of the
AT&T voice network has been the 4ESS, a circuit switch specifically designed for
long distance use, and currently AT&T Business Services has 143 of these
switches in the network. AT&T Business Services has recently installed nearly 60
standard tandem switches that allow AT&T to accommodate the transition from
circuit-switched to packet networks. While AT&T Business Services will continue
to have both circuit and packet switching technologies for some time,
significant future capital expenditures are not planned for circuit switching.
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In addition to its long distance network, AT&T Business Services has an
extensive local network serving business customers in 80 U.S. cities. AT&T
Business Services has expanded its local network so that it now includes 118
local switches and reaches more than 6,300 buildings. This network provides
voice service to business users, as well as data connections up to OC-48
capacity. In order to maximize asset utilization, AT&T's local network also
handles consumer traffic, providing most of the dial-in numbers for AT&T
WorldNet Service, as well as switching cable telephony calls for customers of
AT&T Broadband.
AT&T Business Services also operates one of the largest IP networks in the
United States. As a Tier 1 provider, AT&T has direct peering relationships with
other Tier 1 providers, providing service to carriers that go through public
peering sites. AT&T offers multiple access choices to the IP network, including
dial-up, dedicated private line, cable modem and DSL, as well as IP-enabled
access through ATM and frame relay networks.
AT&T Business Services is deploying Internet Data Centers across the U.S.,
offering web hosting services. Currently, AT&T Business Services has 18 Internet
Data Centers, with an aggregate 1.8 million square feet of space, all directly
connected to AT&T Business Services' high-speed IP backbone.
Over the next few years, AT&T Business Services plans to evolve its network
to an all-optical facility. The first element of the optical network is AT&T
Business Services' existing fiber-optic backbone. The next step is the
Intelligent Optical Switch, which was introduced by the end of 2001. The
Intelligent Optical Switch switches wavelengths of light, and can communicate
and establish a connection with other switches automatically when a customer
requests a new service. The third element is the Multi-Service Platform, located
in either the AT&T local network or on the customer premise, that aggregates
low-speed and high-speed services and sends the information to the Intelligent
Optical Switch for routing.
INTERNATIONAL
AT&T Business Services has entered into a number of agreements and
alliances with international communications companies, and has made strategic
investments in several countries in order to provide customers end-to-end
network management capabilities and highly customized solutions.
Concert. On January 5, 2000 AT&T and BT created a global venture to serve
the communications needs of multinational companies and the international
calling needs of businesses around the world. On October 16, 2001 AT&T and BT
announced that they had reached binding agreements to unwind Concert. Under the
Concert dissolution agreement with BT, AT&T will reclaim customer contracts and
assets that were initially contributed to the venture, including international
transport facilities and gateway assets. In addition, AT&T Business Services
will obtain ownership of certain frame relay assets located in the Asia Pacific
region that BT initially contributed to the venture. AT&T Business Services
expects to combine these assets with its existing international networking and
other assets. AT&T Business Services will honor all contracts and service level
agreements that it will assume from Concert. AT&T Business Services and BT have
agreed to enter into transitional commercial agreements enabling them to provide
existing Concert services for a period of three years. Under these agreements,
AT&T Business Services and BT will pay each other market-based prices.
AT&T Canada. On June 1, 1999, AT&T Canada Corp. merged with MetroNet
Communications Corp., Canada's largest competitive local exchange carrier. Under
the terms of the merger agreement, AT&T Business Services received 31% of the
equity interest and 23% of the voting interest in AT&T Canada in exchange for
AT&T Canada Corp. and ACC TelEnterprises Ltd. AT&T Canada is Canada's leading
facilities-based end-to-end competitive carrier, covering 25 cities. AT&T Canada
is focused on serving large enterprise and international customers. AT&T Canada
currently connects over 3,300 buildings, with over 510,000 local access lines in
service. AT&T Canada owns over 11,500 route miles of fiber, and has six fiber
interconnection points to AT&T's U.S. network at the U.S.-Canada border. As part
of the merger, AT&T agreed to purchase all of the remaining shares of AT&T
Canada upon the removal of Canadian foreign ownership restrictions at the
greater of the then appraised fair market value or the accreted minimum price,
which initially was C$37.50 per share accreting after June 30, 2000 at a rate of
4% per quarter.
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AT&T also has the right at any time to trigger the purchase of such shares.
AT&T may acquire the AT&T Canada shares or designate another party to acquire
such shares prior to a change in the ownership restrictions by developing a
structure that addresses these ownership restrictions. If the foreign ownership
restrictions have not been removed and AT&T has not triggered the purchase by
June 30, 2003, those shares, along with AT&T's AT&T Canada shares, would be sold
through an auction process and AT&T will make whole the other shareowners for
the amount they would have been entitled to if AT&T Business Services had
purchased all of the remaining shares of AT&T Canada. At its sole option, AT&T
can fulfill its obligation either with cash or AT&T common stock. On August 16,
1999, AT&T completed its sale to BT of 30% of AT&T's stake in AT&T Canada. In
addition, BT had agreed to purchase 30% of the shares of AT&T Canada that AT&T
will be acquiring from the other shareholders, subject to BT's right to cap its
purchase at C$1.65 billion. As part of the formation agreement of Concert and as
a result of dissolution of Concert, AT&T will acquire BT's investment in AT&T
Canada and will assume BT's obligation to purchase additional AT&T Canada
shares.
AT&T Latin America Corp. On August 28, 2000, AT&T Business Services
established AT&T Latin America in connection with the merger of Netstream, a
competitive local exchange carrier in Brazil, and FirstCom Corporation. AT&T
Latin America provides voice, data and Internet access services in five
countries, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Peru. AT&T Business Services
owns a 62.5% economic interest (94% voting interest) in AT&T Latin America.
Alestra. S. de R.L. de C.V. AT&T Business Services also owns a 49%
economic interest in Alestra S. de R.L. de C.V., a competitive
telecommunications company in Mexico. Alestra offers voice, data and Internet
services throughout Mexico to residential, small business and enterprise
customers. Alestra's state-of-the-art network comprises approximately 3,500
route miles, with four interconnection points to AT&T's network at the
U.S.-Mexico border.
AT&T LABS
AT&T Labs conducts research and development for AT&T. AT&T Labs' scientists
and engineers conduct research in a variety of areas, including IP and future
broadband technologies; advanced network design and architecture; network
operations systems; data mining technologies and advanced speech technologies.
AT&T Labs works with the other business units within AT&T to create new services
and invent tools and systems to manage secure and reliable networks for AT&T and
its customers. With a heritage that extends from fundamental advances such as
the development of the transistor, AT&T Labs has made numerous recent advances
in the areas of IP communications infrastructure, data mining and wireless
networks.
PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
AT&T actively pursues patents and trademarks to protect its intellectual
property within the United States and abroad. AT&T has developed a focused law
practice to prepare and prosecute its patent and trademark applications. On
average, AT&T receives over 300 U.S. patents per year and maintains a portfolio
of over 2,500 trademark and service mark registrations.
DESCRIPTION OF AT&T CONSUMER SERVICES
OVERVIEW
AT&T Consumer Services is the leading provider of domestic and
international long distance and transaction based services to residential
consumers in the United States with approximately 60 million customer
relationships. AT&T Consumer Services provides interstate and intrastate long
distance communications services throughout the continental United States, and
provides, or joins in providing with other carriers, communications services to
and from Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and international
communications services to and from virtually all nations and territories around
the world.
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AT&T Consumer Services provides a broad range of communications services to
consumers individually and in combination with other services, including:
- inbound and outbound domestic and international long distance;
- transaction-based long distance services, such as operator-assisted
calling services and prepaid phone cards;
- local calling offers; and
- dial-up Internet service through AT&T WorldNet Service.
In addition, AT&T Consumer Services offers combined long distance and local
services in selected locations and is developing a multi-service platform, the
AT&T Worldnet High Speed Service, based upon DSL technology for combined voice,
data and other broadband services.
STRATEGY
AT&T Consumer Services' goal is to maintain a leadership position in the
long distance market and develop complementary products and services to maximize
cash flow. Key strategic elements include:
Attract and retain high value customers. AT&T Consumer Services focuses on
acquiring and maintaining high value long distance customers with targeted
offers and solicitations. AT&T Consumer Services believes that high value
customers use AT&T's services more frequently and are more likely to use
multiple service offerings such as local toll, calling card, international
plans, AT&T WorldNet Service, local services and the AT&T Worldnet High Speed
Service. Through the greater utilization of services, high value customers
generate greater margins and hasten recuperation of marketing, sales and
provisioning expenses.
Increase operating efficiencies and reduce operating costs. AT&T Consumer
Services seeks to maximize the utilization of its assets and reduce operating
costs. In the three year period ended December 31, 2001, aggregate selling,
general and administrative expenses have decreased by over $1 billion and
overall costs and expenses have decreased by nearly $6 billion. AT&T Consumer
Services expects it will continue to reduce operating costs associated with
AT&T's infrastructure through implementation of various business initiatives and
co-sourcing, outsourcing or other types of arrangements with third parties.
Broaden its service lines. AT&T Consumer Services believes it can generate
additional revenue by bundling AT&T long distance with other communications
services including local services, AT&T WorldNet Services and high-speed data
services. By bundling value-added services, AT&T Consumer Services believes it
will substantially enhance its customers' reliance on its services, improve
customer satisfaction and retention levels and increase sales of more profitable
services.
In addition, AT&T Consumer Services continues to evaluate new growth
businesses that would provide additional services complementary to its current
suite of product offerings. AT&T Consumer Services believes additional high
value product offerings better enable it to attract new customers, migrate
existing customers to more profitable product offerings and better satisfy the
overall needs of its customers. New product and service offerings are evaluated
and implemented in a manner designed to be consistent with AT&T Consumer
Services' overall goal of maximizing cash flow.
Leverage the AT&T brand to attract new customers. AT&T Consumer Services
believes that the AT&T brand is very influential in consumers' purchasing
decisions and positively impacts consumer awareness of, and confidence in, AT&T
Consumer Services' products and services, as well as providing for an enhanced
ability to cross-sell consumer services with other AT&T services. In addition,
AT&T Consumer Services believes that its efforts to bundle products and services
will help to further strengthen the AT&T brand by providing consumers with
exposure to a broader range of AT&T Consumer Services' services and an improved
overall consumer experience.
Enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. AT&T Consumer Services believes
that achieving a high level of customer satisfaction is critical to successfully
acquiring new customers and increasing retention of its existing customer base.
AT&T Consumer Services has historically strived to maintain a high level of
customer
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satisfaction through a portfolio of loyalty programs such as its spot loyalty
bonus program, its Continental Airlines rewards program and its UPromise college
education savings plan. AT&T Consumer Services will continue to focus on
improving the customer care experience through various service enhancement
initiatives including the introduction of convenience features such as e-payment
of bills as well as increasing its portfolio of loyalty plans.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
The communications services industry continues to change competitively and
technologically both domestically and internationally, providing significant
complexity and risks to the participants in these markets, particularly those
not associated with an incumbent local exchange carrier. In the United States,
the Telecommunications Act has had a significant impact on AT&T Consumer
Services' business by establishing a statutory framework for opening the local
service markets to competition and by allowing regional phone companies to
provide in-region long distance services bundled with their existing local
franchise. In addition, prices for long distance minutes and other basic
communications services have declined as a result of competitive pressures,
excess capacity as a result of substantial network build-out, the introduction
of more efficient networks and advanced technologies, product substitution, and
deregulation. In particular, consumer long distance voice usage is declining as
a result of substitution of wireless services, Internet access and
e-mail/instant messaging services. Competition in the provision of basic
communications services to consumers is based more on price and less on other
differentiating factors that appeal to the larger business market customers,
such as the range of services offered, bundling of products, customer service,
and communication quality, reliability and availability.
The consumer long distance market is characterized by rapid deregulation
and intense competition among long distance providers, and, more recently,
incumbent local exchange carriers. Under the Telecommunications Act, a regional
phone company may offer long distance services in a state within its region if
the FCC finds, first, that the regional phone company's service territory within
the state has been sufficiently opened to local competition, and second, that
allowing the regional phone company to provide these services is in the public
interest. As of April 1, 2002, regional phone companies have received approval
to offer long distance in ten states and AT&T expects that regional phone
companies will be successful in obtaining approval to offer long distance in the
majority of the remaining states by the end of 2002. The incumbent local
exchange carriers presently have numerous advantages as a result of their
historic monopoly control over local exchanges. While these dynamics are
creating downward pressure on stand-alone long distance, new opportunities are
being created in the consumer industry, including local, data and bundled
offers.
The local voice market is currently dominated by the incumbent local
exchange carriers. The Telecommunications Act has established a statutory
framework for opening the local service markets to competition. AT&T Consumer
Services has already entered the local voice business in selected markets and
expects to expand its presence in this area.
The data services market in the consumer segment is comprised primarily of
Internet access, utilizing either dial-up or high speed access technologies,
such as DSL and cable modems. Currently, AT&T Consumer Services offers products
in the narrowband data segment and is conducting trials for products in the
broadband data segment. Management believes both narrowband and broadband data
services represent substantial revenue growth opportunities for AT&T Consumer
Services.
SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
LONG DISTANCE
AT&T Consumer Services provides interstate and intrastate long distance
telecommunications services throughout the continental United States and
provides, or joins in providing with other carriers, telecommunications services
to and from Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and international
telecommunications services to and from virtually all nations and territories
around the world. Consumers can use AT&T Consumer Services' domestic and
international long distance services through traditional "one plus" dialing of
the desired call destination, through dial-up access or through use of AT&T
calling cards.
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In the continental United States, AT&T Consumer Services provides long
distance telecommunications services over AT&T Business Services' backbone
network.
CALLING CARD
AT&T Consumer Services provides a vehicle for placing all "away from home"
calls. The AT&T calling card can be used to place domestic and international
calls in the U.S. and Canada by accessing 1-800CALLATT, 10-10-288 or 0+ the
number dialed. Features include purchase limits, geographic restrictions, native
language preference, voice messaging and sequence dialing. Customers can place
calls over the AT&T network by using any of the following options: AT&T calling
cards, local exchange carrier cards and commercial credit cards.
TRANSACTION-BASED SERVICES
AT&T Consumer Services offers a variety of transaction-based services that
are designed to provide customers with an alternative to access long distance
services as well as to provide assistance in completing long distance
communications.
Operator Services. Operator-assisted calling services include traditional
collect calls, third party billing, person to person and long distance pay phone
service.
Directory Assistance. Directory Assistance is provided to customers both
domestically and internationally, with an option to complete the call for a
nominal extra charge.
AT&T Direct Services. AT&T Consumer Services provides customers with the
ability to reach the AT&T network from outside the U.S. By dialing the access
code associated with the country of origin, customers can receive all the
benefits of AT&T Consumer Services' calling card and operator-assisted calling
services.
AT&T True Messages. AT&T True Messages is a voice store and forward
service. Using this service, callers can record a message in their own voice and
have it delivered to a telephone number that they called or they can access AT&T
True Messages directly and send a message.
Accessible Communication Service. AT&T Consumer Services provides
Telecommunications Relay Service for the deaf and hearing-impaired and speech
impaired customers to help them communicate with anyone in the world on the
phone.
1-800CALLATT (Collect). 1-800CALLATT for collect calls continues to be AT&T
Consumer Services' lead discounted collect calling offer in the operator
services portfolio. 1-800CALLATT is a domestic, automated, flat-rate collect
calling service. The service is targeted at price conscious consumers and
advertised nationally through multiple media channels. Optional collect
messaging capabilities exist as well.
AT&T PrePaid Card. AT&T PrePaid cards provide local, long distance and
international calls charged to an AT&T PrePaid card account maintained on AT&T's
PrePaid platform. The AT&T PrePaid card service is available 24 hours a day, 7
days a week. Currently, AT&T PrePaid cards are available in over 60,000 retail
locations of various types including grocery, drug, convenience, mass
merchandise, wholesale clubs, electronics/office and military/government. More
than half of AT&T Consumer's prepaid card sales in 2001 were to a single retail
account under an agreement with a one-year term.
10-10-345. 10-10-345 is a non-AT&T-branded dial-around service that allows
customers an alternative way to make a long distance call. The service is
targeted at price-sensitive dial-around and other common carriers' users
completing domestic and/or international calls from home. When customers dial
10-10-345, they pay a competitive per-minute rate, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
with a minimal surcharge per call. Charges made for calls using 10-10-345 are
billed through the local exchange carrier.
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AT&T DSL SERVICE
AT&T Consumer Services is currently developing and market testing an offer
that bundles AT&T long distance with local services, using incumbent local
exchange carrier network combinations, AT&T Worldnet Services and high-speed
Internet access services, which AT&T Consumer Services delivers using DSL
technology. The DSL Service would broaden AT&T Consumer Services' franchise from
long distance to a portfolio of voice, Internet, high speed data, e-mail and
messaging. In addition, AT&T Consumer Services would offer competitively priced
local and long distance packages to customers with features such as voice mail
and call waiting.
The DSL Service would be provided over traditional telephone "twisted pair"
copper lines leased from local exchange carriers. Using electronics attached to
a typical telephone line both at the customer premises (through a modem) and at
a point in the AT&T network, the DSL Service provides customers with a
continuous connection to the Internet, featuring AT&T Worldnet Service. The
typical residential offering would feature connection speeds up to 12 times
faster than 56k modem technology.
COMBINED LOCAL AND LONG DISTANCE
AT&T Consumer Services offers customers combined local, via unbundled
network elements platform, and long distance service in New York, Texas,
Michigan and Georgia. AT&T Consumer Services handles all aspects of the phone
service for the customer, including ordering, customer service, billing and
inside wiring. AT&T Consumer Services also offers many of the same local calling
features as the incumbent local exchange carriers, such as call waiting and
caller ID.
AT&T WORLDNET SERVICE
AT&T offers dial-up Internet access to consumers through its AT&T WorldNet
Service, a leading provider of Internet access service in the United States.
AT&T WorldNet Service currently has dial-up subscribers that use IP
communication services within the AT&T WorldNet Service offer, such as e-mail,
calendar and alerting. AT&T Consumer Services' objective is to increase usage by
the long distance customer base of AT&T Consumer Services' IP-based services and
then migrate those customers to more advanced IP-based services, such as voice
mail.
MARKETING, SALES AND CUSTOMER CARE
AT&T Consumer Services develops customer awareness through its marketing
and promotion efforts. AT&T Consumer Services markets its products and services
to a broad spectrum of customers seeking to communicate locally or globally.
AT&T Consumer Services markets under the AT&T brand, with the exception of its
10-10-345 service and certain prepaid card offerings, and strives to provide
superior customer care. AT&T Consumer Services extensively utilizes direct
marketing channels, including the Internet, direct mail, mass media, probe and
transfer, and outbound telemarketing to communicate with its existing customer
base as well as to market to prospective customers regarding the breadth of
services available to them. AT&T Consumer Services' marketing efforts focus on
offering its services to its customers based on their needs. These efforts
involve the selling of stand-alone services, such as long distance, local and
AT&T WorldNet Service, as well as bundled service offerings including long
distance/AT&T WorldNet Service, long distance/ local, and long distance/calling
card.
AT&T Consumer Services relies on an integrated sales and service team to
solicit and handle customer contact opportunities. The customer care centers
consist of a network of internal and external vendors. The breadth of support
provided by the centers ranges from universal sales and service to specialized
services based on functional area or customer needs. AT&T Consumer Services
generally pays its vendors based on a contracted hourly rate and some on a
pay-for-performance scale methodology. AT&T Consumer Services has 22 service
centers, of which ten are operated by AT&T and 12 are outsourced to outside
vendors. These service centers handle 9 million calls per month in 12 different
languages.
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AT&T Consumer Services also has begun to implement various initiatives
aimed at improving the overall quality of its sales channels as well as lowering
its costs of adding new subscribers. Recent initiatives targeted at reducing
costs and enhancing channel efficiencies have included the expansion of AT&T
Consumer Services' on-line capacity and capabilities, including billing, sales
and service, and the increased use of interactive voice response technology.
AT&T Consumer Services is pursuing an e-enabling strategy designed to
create a more convenient, interactive relationship with the consumer, while
streamlining its existing processes and reducing the costs of providing
services. AT&T Consumer Services' electronic consumer strategy embodies the
entire business process from advertising and marketing through sales, ordering,
billing, fulfillment, customer service, and after-sales support. AT&T Consumer
Services is supplying a range of product information, bill management utilities
and customer care capabilities designed to attract and retain its most valuable
customers. AT&T Consumer Services' on-line billing infrastructure enables
customers to view, sort, adjust, investigate and resolve questions regarding
their billing statements. To further the relationship with specific customer
segments, AT&T Consumer Services provides access to information in five
languages other than English. These transactions are designed to increase
consumer satisfaction by providing a new level of control and, in many cases,
reduce time-consuming contacts with AT&T Consumer Services' care and sales
channels.
In January 2002, AT&T entered into a five-year agreement with Accenture
Ltd., for Accenture to provide management, new technology and training for AT&T
Consumer Services. Under the terms of the agreement, Accenture will be
responsible for providing new technology development and ongoing management
direction to improve AT&T Consumer Services' customer care operations, with
goals of reducing costs, raising productivity, and improving sales and customer
service. AT&T Consumer Services will continue to develop and implement its
overall business and marketing strategies and new product offerings.
CUSTOMER OFFERS
AT&T Consumer Services offers long distance customers a family of calling
plans. These calling plans are simple and are consistently offered on the web
and over the telephone. Further, these plans offer customers a broad choice of
price points designed to meet their needs. Currently, there are two leading long
distance offers. The first is the AT&T One Rate 7c Plan. For a monthly plan fee
of $3.95, customers pay 7c per minute for direct dialed state-to-state long
distance calls from home, at all times. The second is AT&T Unlimited, which
offers AT&T residential long distance subscribers unlimited intraLATA and
interLATA long distance calls from home to all other AT&T residential long
distance customers served by Consumer Services in the United States for $19.95
per month. All other domestic direct-dialed calls under this plan are priced at
7 cents per minute.
AT&T Consumer Services also offers various reward and partnership programs
for higher spending long distance customers. For example, customers enrolled in
AT&T rewards receive redemption options every six months based on their long
distance spending. AT&T Consumer Services relationships with companies such as
Continental Airlines, Inc., Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. and
Cablevision, among others, provide customers with options ranging from airline
miles to hotel nights to premium cable channel upgrades. Recently, market
research has indicated consumer interest in college investment funds. Through an
agreement announced in January 2001 with UPromise Inc., a customer can receive a
contribution equal to 4% of the cost of residential long distance calls made
into a UPromise savings account to be used for college education. Consumers can
also invite family and friends to participate in collectively building the
UPromise savings account.
AT&T Worldnet Service seeks to build brand recognition and customer loyalty
and to make it easy for consumers to remain with AT&T WorldNet Service. In
addition to direct marketing through brand name mass advertising, direct mail
and magazine insert promotions and bundling offers, AT&T Worldnet Service
maintains a large indirect channel marketing effort. Through this indirect
channel, AT&T Worldnet Service software is bundled in new computers produced by
major manufacturers and is included in millions of copies of software titles
published by independent software vendors. AT&T Worldnet Service also has a
co-branded ISP offer that enables businesses to offer customers their own
branded, full-featured Internet access in
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affiliation with AT&T. AT&T Worldnet Service currently offers AT&T Worldnet
Service Plus for $16.95 per month, which includes 150 hours of monthly usage
(with additional hours billed at $.99/hour), video e-mail, and live technical
support.
RATES AND BILLING
AT&T Consumer Services generally continues to charge long distance
customers for jurisdictionally intrastate services based on applicable tariffs
filed with various individual states. However, effective as of August 1, 2001,
the rates for state-to-state and international calls are now generally set by
contract rather than by FCC tariffs as a result of an FCC de-tariffing order.
Customers select different services and various rate plans, which determine the
monthly or per minute price that customers pay on their long distance calls. Per
minute rates typically vary based on a variety of factors, particularly the
volume of usage and the day and time that calls are made.
AT&T Consumer Services long distance charges may include fees per minute
for transporting a call, per call or per minute surcharges, monthly recurring
charges, minimums and price structures that offer a fixed number of minutes each
month for a specific price and price structure that offer unlimited calling to
certain numbers for a monthly fee. The fees per minute for transporting a call
may vary by time of day or length of call and by whether the call is domestic or
international. Within the United States, in-state rates may vary from interstate
rates. These rate structures apply to customer dialed calls, calling card calls,
directory assistance calls, operator-assisted calls and certain miscellaneous
services. Customers also may be assessed a percentage of revenue, or a fixed
monthly fee, to satisfy AT&T Consumer Services' obligations to recover U.S.
federal- and state-mandated assessments and access surcharges.
Customers for combined long distance and local services are charged a flat
rate per month for local service and usage fees and/or monthly charges for long
distance. AT&T Worldnet Service offers a variety of pricing plan options.
Generally, customers are charged a flat rate for a certain number of hours with
charges for each additional hour of usage. AT&T Worldnet Service also offers a
plan without a usage restriction. The AT&T Worldnet High Speed Service will
offer integrated high speed data combined with comprehensive voice services for
one flat rate each month, generally billed electronically to a credit card or
through electronic funds transfers.
AT&T Consumer Services generally provides billing via traditional paper
copy or on-line billing. The traditional paper bills provide call details for
calls that are separately charged and are sent directly by AT&T or indirectly
through local exchange carriers. An additional fee is charged for customers
receiving their bills through local exchange carriers. In the case of on-line
billing, the charges are billed to a credit card or directly debited from a
checking account; call details for toll charges are available via the AT&T
website.
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DESCRIPTION OF AT&T BROADBAND
OVERVIEW
AT&T Broadband is one of the nation's largest broadband communications
businesses based on customers served as of December 31, 2001, providing cable
television, high-speed cable Internet services and telephone services. AT&T
Broadband's business consists primarily of the combined assets and business of
TCI, acquired by AT&T on March 9, 1999, and MediaOne, acquired by AT&T on June
15, 2000. As of December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband owned and operated cable
systems in 13 of the 20 largest Designated Marketing Areas, which represented
82% of AT&T Broadband's total subscribers. AT&T Broadband's wholly owned and
consolidated broadband networks passed approximately 24.6 million homes and
served approximately 13.56 million video customers as of December 31, 2001. AT&T
Broadband continues to upgrade its systems, 74% of which were upgraded to a
capacity equal to or greater than 550 MHz and 79% of which were two-way capable
as of December 31, 2001.
AT&T Broadband's broadband networks enable it to deliver a suite of
advanced entertainment, information and communications services, including its
digital cable, high-speed cable Internet and broadband telephone services. As of
December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband provided a variety of advanced services,
including:
- digital cable, with over 3.47 million digital cable subscribers or 25.6%
of AT&T Broadband's basic subscribers,
- high-speed cable Internet service, with approximately 1.51 million
high-speed cable Internet service subscribers or 10.1% of marketable
homes, and
- broadband telephone service, with approximately 1.01 million local
telephone subscribers or 14.8% of marketable homes.
In addition to fees from residential customers for the services AT&T
Broadband offers, AT&T Broadband also derives revenues from the sale of
advertising time on satellite-delivered program services, such as ESPN, MTV and
CNN, and on local cable channels, as well as the payment of license and/or
launch fees by certain program services.
As of December 31, 2001:
- AT&T Broadband had 13.56 million basic subscribers, 94% of whom were
concentrated in AT&T Broadband's 20 largest markets,
- 40% of AT&T Broadband's subscribers were located in its three largest
markets: Boston, San Francisco and Chicago, and
- 10.67 million, or 78.7% of AT&T Broadband's subscribers, were in markets
where AT&T Broadband had more than 500,000 customers.
In addition to AT&T Broadband's wholly owned and consolidated cable
systems, AT&T Broadband also owns a number of investments in companies, joint
ventures and partnerships, the most significant of which are:
- Time Warner Entertainment Company, L.P., which owns and operates the
business of Warner Bros., Inc. and HBO and cable systems serving
approximately 11 million subscribers, and manages cable systems owned by
AOL Time Warner serving approximately 1.8 million subscribers;
- Insight Midwest, which owns and operates cable systems that serve
approximately 1.2 million subscribers in Indiana, Kentucky, Illinois,
Georgia and Ohio; and
- Texas Cable Partners, which owns and operates cable systems that serve
approximately 1.1 million subscribers in Texas.
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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
AT&T Broadband operates in the broadband communications industry, offering
cable television services (both analog and digital), high-speed cable Internet
services and telephone service, in each case primarily to residential and small
business customers. AT&T Broadband also is pursuing additional services,
including video on demand and interactive television that take advantage of its
broadband network.
Cable television is a service that delivers multiple channels of video and
audio programming to subscribers that pay a monthly fee for the services they
receive. Cable television systems receive video, audio and data signals
transmitted by nearby television broadcast stations, terrestrial microwave relay
services and communications satellites. These signals then are amplified and
distributed by coaxial cable and optical fiber to the premises of customers that
pay a fee for the service. In many cases, cable television systems also
originate and distribute local programming. Cable television systems typically
are constructed and operated pursuant to nonexclusive franchises awarded by
local franchising authorities for specified periods of time.
Cable television revenues principally are derived from monthly fees paid by
subscribers, sales of pay-per-view movies and events, sale of advertising time
on advertiser supported programming, payment of license and/or launch fees by
certain program services and installation charges.
High-speed cable Internet services deliver typical Internet service
provider, or ISP, services, such as e-mail, instant messaging, personal webspace
management and personalized home pages, and content. In some cases, AT&T
Broadband provides distinct localized content in addition to national content.
Subscribers pay a monthly fee for the services they receive, including access to
public areas on the Internet. Other revenue streams may be derived from sales of
premium content and services, advertising spots, premium placement of
media/service providers within the service, and installation service.
Cable telephone service is a technology that allows cable operators to
offer telephone service over the same hybrid fiber/coaxial network that supplies
television service. Cable telephone service systems have three basic
components -- a headend unit, which is a master telephone switching system; a
customer premise unit, which is a set-top box, modem or other piece of equipment
that is owned by AT&T Broadband and used by a customer in the customer's home;
and a management interface, which is a computer server that resides at the
headend and controls the telephone switching systems. Cable operators connect to
the public switched telephone network through an interface on the headend unit
that conforms to one of several standards. At the customer premise unit, voice
transmission is separated from the coaxial cable that goes from the neighborhood
splitter to the customer's home and routed to a twisted copper pair connected to
the customer's existing inside telephone wiring.
AT&T Broadband is in the process of developing, testing or offering on a
limited basis a variety of new or expanded services, including video on demand,
interactive television, targeted advertising, multiple service tiers of
high-speed cable Internet service, home networking, multiple ISP offerings and a
set of communications services that are designed to work seamlessly over all
television, computer and telephone platforms.
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW
As of December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband's systems were comprised of
approximately 250,000 miles of network passing approximately 24.6 million homes,
resulting in a density of slightly less than 100 homes per mile. As of that
date, AT&T Broadband's systems were made up of an aggregate of 41 headends in
its top 20 markets. As of December 31, 2001, approximately 59% of AT&T
Broadband's network was equal to or greater than 750 MHz, approximately 17% of
its network was greater than or equal to 550 MHz and less than 750 MHz, and
approximately 24% of its network was less than 550 MHz.
AT&T Broadband's network design calls for a digital two-way active network
with a fiber optic trunk system carrying signals via fiber optic cable to nodes,
or main points of contact that typically hang from telephone utility poles
within its customers' neighborhoods. The signals are transferred to a coaxial
network at the node for delivery to its customers. AT&T Broadband has designed
the fiber system to be capable of subdividing the nodes if traffic on the
network requires additional capacity. AT&T Broadband's design allows
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its systems to have the capability to run multiple separate channel lineups from
a single headend and to insert targeted advertisements into specific
neighborhoods based on node location.
The following chart outlines the status of the capacities of AT&T
Broadband's cable systems, historically and as of December 31, 2001:
<Table>
<Caption>
PERCENT OF NETWORK MILES
--------------------------------------
GREATER THAN OR
EQUAL TO 550 MHZ 750 OR PERCENT OF
LESS THAN AND LESS THAN GREATER NETWORK TWO-
550 MHZ 750 MHZ MHZ WAY CABLE
--------- ---------------- ------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
As of December 31, 1999.............. 28% 22% 50% 55%
As of December 31, 2000.............. 21% 16% 63% 75%
As of December 31, 2001.............. 24% 17% 59% 77%
</Table>
SERVICES
Cable Television Service. AT&T Broadband offers its customers a wide array
of traditional cable television services and programming offerings. AT&T
Broadband offers a basic level of service which typically includes from 15 to 25
channels of television programming. As of December 31, 2001, approximately 89%
of AT&T Broadband's customers elected to pay an additional amount to receive
additional channels under its expanded basic service, which AT&T Broadband calls
its Standard Cable package. Premium channels, which AT&T Broadband offers
individually or in packages of several channels, are optional add-ons to its
basic service.
AT&T Broadband's cable television services include the following:
- Basic Service. All of AT&T Broadband's customers receive its basic level
of service, which generally consists of local broadcast television and
local community programming, including public, educational or
governmental, or PEG, programming, and may include a limited number of
satellite-delivered channels.
- Standard Cable. AT&T Broadband's Standard Cable package includes basic
service, plus expanded basic. This level of service includes a group of
satellite-delivered and non-broadcast channels such as ESPN, CNN,
Discovery Channel and Lifetime.
- Premium Channels. These channels provide unedited, commercial-free
movies, sports and other special event entertainment programming. AT&T
Broadband offers subscriptions to numerous premium channels, including
HBO, Cinemax, Starz!, Showtime and The Movie Channel, individually or in
packages.
- Pay-Per-View. These channels allow customers with addressable set-top
boxes to pay to view a single showing of a recently released movie or a
one-time special sporting event or music concert on an unedited,
commercial-free basis.
Through AT&T Digital Cable, AT&T Broadband also offers additional special
interest networks, premium channels, pay-per-view, digital music and an
interactive on-screen guide, as described under "-- Advanced Services."
AT&T Broadband's basic subscribers, including its digital cable customers,
are served as follows:
<Table>
<Caption>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1998 1999 2000 2001
---- ---- ---- -----
(IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Managed through AT&T Broadband's operating divisions...... 11.4 11.3 15.9 13.5
Other non-managed subsidiaries of AT&T Broadband.......... 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1
---- ---- ---- -----
Total..................................................... 11.9 11.4 16.0 13.6
==== ==== ==== =====
</Table>
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In addition to the above, the FCC currently attributes AT&T Broadband with
the subscribers of various other entities as a consequence of AT&T Broadband's
investments in those entities.
The following table sets forth selected statistical data regarding AT&T
Broadband's cable television operations:
<Table>
<Caption>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
1998 1999 2000 2001
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Homes passed by cable(1)(3)...... 19,889,000 19,668,000 28,303,000 24,614,000
Basic service subscribers(3)..... 11,948,000 11,408,000 16,041,000 13,560,000
Basic service subscribers as a
percentage of homes passed..... 60% 58% 57% 55%
Average monthly revenue per basic
service subscriber(2)(3)....... $ 32.24 $ 42.97 $ 47.63 $ 47.69
</Table>
- ---------------
(1) Homes passed is based on homes actually marketed and does not include
multiple dwelling units passed by the cable plant that are not connected to
it.
(2) Based on video service revenues for the last month of the period, including
installation charges and certain other nonrecurring revenues, such as
pay-per-view, advertising and home shopping revenues.
(3) Year-end statistics regarding AT&T Broadband's subscribers and homes passed
by cable are materially affected by AT&T Broadband's acquisition and
divestiture program discussed under "-- Acquisitions and Divestitures."
Notable variations arose during 1998, when AT&T Broadband contributed cable
systems serving approximately 2,700,000 customers to other persons, and
during 2000, when AT&T Broadband acquired approximately 5,000,000 customers
from MediaOne.
Advanced Services. As network upgrades are activated, AT&T Broadband
offers new and advanced services, including interactive digital cable and
high-speed cable Internet service. In addition, AT&T Broadband offers
all-distance telephone services in selected markets.
Digital Cable. AT&T Broadband offers digital cable service, which includes
additional channels on its existing service tiers, the creation of new service
tiers and the introduction of multiple packages of premium services. AT&T
Broadband's digital cable service also includes an electronic program guide, on
demand pay-per-view and up to 30 channels of digital music. In addition, AT&T
Broadband offers more premium and special interest networks. AT&T Broadband's
interactive digital cable service also allows it to offer TV-formatted
information to its customers that has local content and is targeted to a
specific system or community. For example, through this service AT&T Broadband
offers local weather, sports, news and dining information.
Below is a summary of operating statistics for digital cable services:
<Table>
<Caption>
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1999 2000 2001
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Digital cable customers............................. 1,800,000 2,815,000 3,475,000
Digital penetration as a percentage of basic service
subscribers....................................... 15.8% 17.5% 25.6%
</Table>
AT&T Broadband offers its customers four digital packages -- Bronze,
Silver, Gold and Platinum. These packages allow viewers to select the level of
services they receive to fit their individual interests.
High-Speed Cable Internet. AT&T Broadband offers high-speed cable Internet
service for personal computers over its networks in all of its upgraded systems.
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<PAGE>
Below is a summary of AT&T Broadband's high-speed cable Internet service
operating statistics:
<Table>
<Caption>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 2000 2001
--------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Data marketable homes passed...................... 4,974,000 14,523,000 14,937,000
Customers......................................... 207,000 1,060,000 1,512,000
Penetration....................................... 4.2% 7.3% 10.1%
</Table>
AT&T Broadband's high-speed cable Internet service enables data to be
transmitted substantially faster than through conventional telephone modem
technologies, and the cable connection does not interfere with normal telephone
activity or usage. AT&T Broadband's high-speed cable Internet service offers
unlimited access to public areas on the Internet.
Until recently, AT&T Broadband and At Home Corporation were parties to a
master distribution agreement pursuant to which At Home provided AT&T Broadband
with broadband network services and content aggregation necessary for the
delivery of high-speed cable Internet services to AT&T Broadband's customers. On
September 28, 2001, At Home and its U.S. subsidiaries filed for protection under
Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy
Court for the Northern District of California. On November 30, 2001, the
bankruptcy court granted a motion made by At Home for authority to reject the
master distribution agreement and other similar agreements with other customers
of At Home, thereby giving At Home the authority to terminate service to AT&T
Broadband and other customers at any time. As a result, on December 1, 2001, At
Home terminated service to AT&T Broadband and, in response, AT&T Broadband
converted the majority of its customers to a new AT&T-managed network during the
first week of December. AT&T Broadband currently provides "AT&T Broadband
Internet" branded high-speed cable Internet service to its customers pursuant to
an agreement with AT&T to provide certain network and backbone support services
to AT&T Broadband. In March 2002, AT&T Broadband entered into an agreement with
EarthLink pursuant to which EarthLink will initially launch its high speed
Internet service in greater Boston and in the Seattle market.
Broadband Telephone Service. AT&T Broadband currently offers broadband
telephone services to customers in 15 markets using AT&T Broadband's systems'
direct, two-way connections to homes. AT&T Broadband utilizes its broadband
network to provide local telephone services and resell AT&T long distance
services. AT&T Broadband also provides broadband telephone services for the
systems operated by Insight Midwest which are located in Kentucky, Indiana and
Ohio.
Below is a summary of AT&T Broadband's operating statistics for broadband
telephone services:
<Table>
<Caption>
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
1999 2000 2001
------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Telephone-ready homes passed......................... 721,000 6,103,000 6,833,000
Customers............................................ 8,000 547,000 1,011,000
Penetration.......................................... 1.1% 9.0% 14.8%
</Table>
AT&T Broadband's broadband telephone service initiatives progressed
substantially in 2000 and 2001. During 2000, AT&T Broadband increased the number
of markets in which it offers telephone service from ten to 16, and increased
its customer base from 8,000 to 547,000. As of December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband
offered broadband telephone services in: Atlanta, Boston, the San Francisco Bay
Area, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Hartford, Jacksonville, Twin Cities, Pittsburgh,
Richmond, Seattle, Salt Lake City, Southern California and Portland, Oregon.
AT&T Broadband offers a variety of options and calling plans with various price
points. These options and calling plans range from basic one line service to
multiple lines with full feature functionality.
Advertising. AT&T Broadband sells advertising time on satellite-delivered
program services such as CNN, Discovery, ESPN and Lifetime, and on local
channels. In addition to the sale of advertising time to local and regional
advertisers, AT&T Broadband participates in the national spot advertising
marketplace
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<PAGE>
through its sales representation arrangement with and investment in National
Cable Communications, LLC, a partnership that represents cable systems in the
sale of time to national spot advertisers.
STRATEGY
AT&T Broadband's strategy is to utilize the technological capabilities of
its broadband cable systems to be a full-service provider of entertainment,
information and communications services in the markets it serves. To implement
this strategy, AT&T Broadband continues to upgrade its cable systems to allow it
to deliver more information and entertainment services and to provide for
two-way communications capability. Continuing the upgrade of its cable systems
is expected to enhance AT&T Broadband's ability to increase penetration of
advanced services, including digital cable, high-speed cable Internet service
and all-distance telephone service. Providing quality customer service also is a
key element of AT&T Broadband's strategy. Throughout its operations, AT&T
Broadband focuses on achieving reliable customer service with financial results
comparable to the overall cable industry.
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
AT&T Broadband has sought to improve the geographic footprint of its cable
systems by selectively exchanging its cable systems for systems of other cable
operators or acquiring systems in close proximity to its systems. In this
regard, AT&T Broadband completed a significant number of transactions in 2000
and 2001 that substantially changed the size and profile of its cable system
network. The principal transactions are described below:
- In January 2000, a subsidiary of AT&T Broadband sold its entire 50%
interest in Lenfest to a subsidiary of Comcast. In consideration for its
50% interest, AT&T Broadband received 47,289,843 shares of Comcast
Special Class A common stock.
- In February 2000, AT&T Broadband redeemed a portion of its interest in
Bresnan Communications LLC for $285 million in cash. AT&T Broadband then
contributed its remaining interest in Bresnan to CC VIII, LLC, in
exchange for a preferred ownership interest.
- In March 2000, AT&T Broadband redeemed approximately 50.3 million shares
of AT&T common stock held by Cox in exchange for stock of a subsidiary of
AT&T Broadband owning cable television systems serving approximately
312,000 customers, AT&T Broadband's interest of $1,088 million in certain
investments, $878 million of franchise costs and $503 million of other
net assets.
- In April 2000, AT&T Broadband contributed 103,000 subscribers into a
joint venture with Midcontinent Media, Inc. in exchange for a 50%
interest in Midcontinent Communications, a general partnership.
- In June 2000, MediaOne merged into a subsidiary of AT&T, whereby AT&T
Broadband acquired approximately 5 million basic cable subscribers, 0.2
million digital video subscribers, 0.3 million high-speed cable Internet
service subscribers and 0.1 million broadband telephone service
subscribers.
- Effective December 31, 2000, AT&T Broadband transferred systems serving
approximately 770,000 subscribers primarily located in Washington D.C.,
Florida, Georgia, Michigan, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Comcast in
exchange for systems serving approximately 700,000 subscribers primarily
located in Sacramento, California, Longmont, Colorado, Florida, Georgia
and Chicago, Illinois.
- In January 2001, AT&T Broadband transferred 98,400 subscribers to Insight
Communications Company, Inc. In a subsequent transaction, AT&T Broadband
contributed 247,500 additional subscribers in the Illinois markets to
Insight Midwest, a partnership owned 50% by AT&T Broadband and 50% by
Insight Communications, and Insight Communications also contributed
additional subscribers to the partnership. The expanded joint venture
continues to be managed by Insight Communications.
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<PAGE>
- In January 2001, AT&T Broadband acquired 358,000 subscribers in the
Boston metropolitan area from Cablevision and transferred 130,000 New
York subscribers, 44 million shares of AT&T common stock valued at
approximately $871 million and approximately $204 million in cash to
Cablevision.
- On January 5, 2001, AT&T Broadband completed an exchange whereby AT&T
Broadband contributed approximately 82,000 subscribers in the Corpus
Christi, Texas area to Texas Cable Partners, L.P., a partnership in which
AT&T Broadband holds a 50% partnership interest' and AT&T Broadband
received from Texas Cable Partners, L.P. approximately 97,000 subscribers
in areas surrounding the Dallas, Texas metropolitan area.
- On March 1, 2001, AT&T Broadband completed an exchange with CableOne,
Inc. whereby AT&T Broadband received approximately 105,000 subscribers in
the Santa Rosa/Modesta, California area from CableOne, Inc.; and AT&T
Broadband transferred approximately 149,000 subscribers in Idaho, Oregon,
and Washington to CableOne, Inc.
- On April 30, 2001, a subsidiary of AT&T sold to Comcast certain cable
systems attributed to AT&T Broadband serving approximately 590,000
subscribers in Delaware, New Mexico, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
and Tennessee in exchange for 63.9 million shares of AT&T common stock
valued at $1,423 million.
- On June 29, 2001, a subsidiary of AT&T sold to MediaCom Communications
Corporation cable systems attributed to AT&T Broadband serving
approximately 94,000 customers in Missouri for approximately $295 million
in net cash.
- Effective June 30, 2001, a subsidiary of AT&T transferred to Charter
cable systems attributed to AT&T Broadband serving approximately 563,000
customers in Alabama, California, Illinois, Missouri and Nevada. AT&T
Broadband, through its attributed entities, received $1,497 million in
net cash, $222 million in cash restricted for future acquisitions of
cable systems, and a cable system in Florida serving 9,000 customers.
- Effective June 30, 2001, AT&T, together with certain subsidiaries
attributed to AT&T Broadband transferred its 99.75% interest in an entity
owning the Baltimore, Maryland cable television system, serving
approximately 115,000 customers, to Comcast for approximately $510
million.
- On July 18, 2001, a subsidiary of AT&T sold to MediaCom cable systems
attributed to AT&T Broadband serving approximately 710,000 customers in
Georgia, Iowa and Illinois for approximately $1,724 million in net cash.
- On December 17, 2001, a subsidiary of AT&T and Adelphia closed a
transaction in which certain cable systems attributable to AT&T Broadband
serving approximately 128,000 customers in central Pennsylvania and Ohio
were sold to Adelphia for approximately $245 million in cash and Adelphia
Class A Common stock valued at approximately $73 million.
SALES, MARKETING AND BILLING
AT&T Broadband's marketing programs and campaigns offer a variety of
services packaged and tailored to its markets. AT&T Broadband markets its
services through promotional campaigns and local media and newspaper
advertising, through telemarketing, direct mail advertising, online selling and
in person selling. In addition, AT&T Broadband reserves a portion of its
inventory of locally inserted cable television advertising to market its
services.
AT&T Broadband is party to an agreement under which it purchases certain
billing services from CSG Systems, Inc. ("CSG"). Unless terminated by either
party pursuant to terms of the agreement, the agreement expires on December 31,
2012. On March 13, 2002, AT&T Broadband informed CSG that AT&T Broadband is
considering the initiation of an arbitration against CSG relating to a Master
Subscriber Management System Agreement that the two companies entered into in
1997. Pursuant to the Master Agreement, CSG provides billing support to AT&T
Broadband. AT&T Broadband's decision whether to seek arbitration is subject to
the parties exhausting the negotiation process specified in the Master
Agreement. That dispute
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<PAGE>
resolution portion of the agreement calls for senior officers from each company
to meet promptly, and for a period of not less than 30 days, in an effort to
resolve the dispute. In the event that this process results in the termination
of the Master Agreement, AT&T Broadband may incur significant costs in
connection with its replacement of these billing services and may experience
temporary disruptions to its operations.
PROGRAMMING SUPPLIERS
AT&T Broadband has various contracts to obtain basic and premium
programming from program suppliers whose compensation is typically based on a
fixed fee per customer or a percentage of its gross receipts for the particular
service. AT&T Broadband has entered into long-term agreements with several
programming suppliers, including ABC/Disney, AOL Time Warner, CBS/Viacom, NBC,
News Corp. and Starz! Encore. Certain of these agreements provide for a flat fee
or guaranteed payment obligation regardless of subscriber levels. AT&T
Broadband's programming contracts are generally for a fixed period of time and
are subject to negotiated renewal. Some program suppliers provide volume
discount pricing structures or offer marketing support to AT&T Broadband.
AT&T Broadband's programming costs have increased substantially in recent
years due to additional programming being provided to its customers, increased
costs to produce or purchase programming, inflationary increases and other
factors affecting the cable television industry.
AT&T Broadband also has various retransmission consent arrangements with
commercial broadcast stations, which expire at various times over the next ten
years, with a significant portion expiring prior to December 31, 2002. None of
these consent arrangements requires payment of fees for carriage. However, AT&T
Broadband does provide non-cash consideration, including entering into
agreements with certain broadcast networks to carry satellite-delivered cable
programming that is affiliated with the broadcast network.
AGREEMENTS WITH LIBERTY MEDIA
AT&T Broadband is a party to various arrangements with Liberty Media.
Effective August 2001, Liberty Media was split off from AT&T and is no longer an
affiliate of AT&T Broadband.
Preferred Vendor Status. AT&T Broadband has granted Liberty Media
preferred vendor status with respect to access, timing and placement of new
programming services. This means that AT&T Broadband must use its reasonable
efforts to provide digital basic distribution of new services created by Liberty
Media and its affiliates, on mutual "most favored nation" terms and conditions,
and otherwise consistent with industry practices, subject to the programming
meeting standards that are consistent with the type, quality and character of
AT&T Broadband's cable services as they may evolve over time.
Extension of Term of Affiliation Agreements. AT&T Broadband has agreed to
extend any existing affiliation agreement of Liberty Media and its affiliates
that expires on or before March 9, 2004, to a date not before March 9, 2009, if
most favored nation terms are offered and the arrangements are consistent with
industry practice.
Interactive Video Services. AT&T Broadband has agreed to enter into
arrangements with Liberty Media for interactive video services under one of the
following two arrangements, which will be at the election of AT&T Broadband:
- Pursuant to a five-year arrangement, renewable for an additional
four-year period on then-current most favored nation terms, AT&T
Broadband will make available to Liberty Media capacity equal to one 6
MHz channel, in digital form and including interactive enablement, first
screen access and hot links to relevant web sites -- all to the extent
implemented by AT&T Broadband cable systems, to be used for interactive,
category-specific video channels that will provide entertainment,
information and merchandising programming. The foregoing, however, will
not compel AT&T Broadband to disrupt other programming or other channel
arrangements. The interactive video services are to be accessible through
advanced set-top boxes deployed by AT&T Broadband, except that, unless
specifically addressed in a mutually acceptable manner, AT&T Broadband
will have no obligation to deploy set-top boxes of a type, design or cost
materially different from that it would otherwise have deployed. The
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<PAGE>
content categories may include, among others, music, travel, health, sports,
books, personal finance, automotive, home video sales and games.
- AT&T Broadband may enter into one or more mutually agreeable ventures
with Liberty Media for interactive, category-specific video channels that
will provide entertainment, information and merchandising programming.
Each venture will be structured as a 50/50 venture for a reasonable
commercial term, and will provide that, for the duration of such term,
Liberty Media and AT&T Broadband will not provide interactive services in
the category(s) of interactive video services provided through the
venture(s) other than the joint venture services in the applicable
categories. When the distribution of interactive video services occurs
through a venture arrangement, AT&T Broadband will share in the revenue
and expense of the provision of the interactive services pro rata to its
ownership interest in lieu of the commercial arrangements described in
the preceding paragraph. At the third anniversary of the formulation of
any such venture, AT&T Broadband may elect to purchase Liberty Media's
ownership interest in the venture at fair market value. Liberty Media and
AT&T Broadband have agreed to endeavor to make any such transaction tax
efficient to Liberty Media.
At the date of this document, AT&T Broadband has not entered into any
further agreements with Liberty Media regarding the distribution of specific
interactive television channels. As a result, the exact terms under which AT&T
Broadband may provide carriage of these channels has not been determined, and
AT&T Broadband has not made any election between the alternative carriage
arrangements described above. Although AT&T Broadband will continue to endeavor
to negotiate agreements with Liberty Media concerning distribution of
interactive channels within the framework of the above arrangement, there can be
no assurance that AT&T Broadband will be able to conclude any such agreement on
acceptable terms.
Affiliation Agreements. AT&T Broadband is party to affiliation agreements
pursuant to which it purchases programming from Liberty Media's subsidiaries and
affiliates. Some of these agreements provide for penalties and charges in the
event the supplier's programming is not carried on AT&T Broadband's cable
systems or not delivered to a contractually specified number of customers.
Charges to AT&T Broadband for such programming are generally based upon
customary rates and often provide for payments to AT&T Broadband by Liberty
Media's subsidiaries and business affiliates for marketing support.
In July 1997, AT&T Broadband's predecessor, TCI, and AT&T Broadband's
subsidiary, Satellite Services, Inc., entered into a 25-year affiliation term
sheet with Starz Encore Group, formerly Encore Media Group, pursuant to which
AT&T Broadband may be obligated to make fixed monthly payments in exchange for
unlimited access to Encore and Starz! programming. The commitment increases
annually from $288 million in 2001 to $315 million in 2003, and will increase
annually through 2022 with inflation. The affiliation term sheet further
provides that to the extent Starz Encore Group's programming costs increase
above certain levels, AT&T Broadband payments under the term sheet will be
increased in proportion to the excess. Excess programming costs that may be
payable by AT&T Broadband in future years are not presently estimable, and could
be significant. By letter dated May 29, 2001, AT&T Broadband disputed the
enforceability of the excess programming pass through provisions of the term
sheet and questioned the validity of the term sheet as a whole. AT&T Broadband
also raised certain issues concerning the uncertainty of the provisions of the
term sheet and the contractual interpretation and application of certain of its
provisions to, among other things, the acquisition and disposition of cable
systems. In July 2001, Starz Encore Group filed suit seeking payment of the 2001
excess programming costs and a declaration that the term sheet is a binding and
enforceable contract. In October 2001, AT&T Broadband and Starz Encore Group
agreed to stay the litigation until August 31, 2002 to allow the parties time to
continue negotiations toward a potential business resolution of this dispute.
The Court granted the stay on October 30, 2001. The terms of the stay order
allow either party to petition the Court to lift the stay after April 30, 2002
and to proceed with the litigation.
OTHER ASSETS
Joint Ventures. AT&T Broadband possesses a number of investments in
companies, joint ventures and partnerships, the most significant of which are
Time Warner Entertainment, Insight Midwest and Texas Cable Partners.
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Time Warner Entertainment. Time Warner Entertainment is a Delaware limited
partnership that was formed in 1992 to own and operate substantially all of the
business of Warner Bros., HBO and the cable television businesses owned and
operated by Time Warner prior to that time. AT&T Broadband's current interest in
Time Warner Entertainment was acquired by AT&T Broadband in connection with the
MediaOne acquisition. Currently, AT&T Broadband, through its wholly owned
subsidiaries, owns limited partnership interests representing 25.51% of the pro
rata senior priority (Series A) capital and residual equity capital of Time
Warner Entertainment. The remaining 74.49% limited partnership interests in the
Series A capital and residual capital of Time Warner Entertainment, as well as
100% of the junior priority (Series B) capital of Time Warner Entertainment, are
held by subsidiaries of AOL Time Warner. Subsidiaries of AOL Time Warner act as
the general partners of Time Warner Entertainment, and AT&T is not involved in
the management or operation of the partnership or its business but has certain
protective governance rights pertaining to certain limited significant matters
relating to Time Warner Entertainment, such as the dissolution or merger or
voluntary bankruptcy of Time Warner Entertainment.
On February 28, 2001, AT&T submitted a request to Time Warner
Entertainment, pursuant to the Time Warner Entertainment partnership agreement,
that Time Warner Entertainment reconstitute itself as a corporation and register
for sale in an initial public offering an amount of partnership interests held
by AT&T Broadband (up to the full amount held by AT&T Broadband) determined by
an independent investment banking firm so as to provide sufficient trading
liquidity and minimize any initial public offering discount. Under the Time
Warner Entertainment partnership agreement, upon this request, AT&T Broadband
and Time Warner are to cause an independent investment banker to determine both
such registrable amount of partnership interests and the price at which the
registrable amount could be sold in a public offering. The partnership agreement
provides that, upon determination of the registrable amount and the appraised
value of the registrable amount, Time Warner Entertainment may elect not to
register these interests, but instead to allow AT&T Broadband the option to
require that Time Warner Entertainment purchase the registrable amount at the
appraised value, subject to certain adjustments. If AT&T Broadband does put the
registrable amount to Time Warner Entertainment under such circumstances, Time
Warner Entertainment may call the remainder of AT&T Broadband's interest in Time
Warner Entertainment at a price described in the Time Warner Entertainment
partnership agreement. If Time Warner Entertainment elects to register the
interests, then Time Warner Entertainment must promptly use its best efforts to
cause the partnership to be in a position to be reconstituted as a corporation
and to effect an initial public offering. However, Time Warner Entertainment may
have an option to purchase these interests immediately prior to the time the
public offering would otherwise have been declared effective by the SEC at the
proposed public offering price less underwriting fees and discounts if the
proposed public offering price (as determined by the managing underwriter) is
less than 92.5% of the appraised value. If, at the conclusion of this process,
AT&T Broadband has any remaining interests in Time Warner Entertainment, AT&T
Broadband will have the right to request registration of those interests for
public sale after July 1, 2002 if no public offering of Time Warner
Entertainment shall have taken place, or 18 months after a public offering
pursuant to AT&T Broadband's request.
On February 28, 2001, AT&T Broadband agreed to suspend the registration
rights process until March 15, 2001. Since then, AT&T Broadband and AOL Time
Warner have been engaged in discussions regarding the retention of a mutually
satisfactory investment banker to perform the appraisals of Time Warner
Entertainment under the Time Warner Entertainment partnership agreement.
If the procedures described above do not result in the disposition by AT&T
Broadband of its entire interest in Time Warner Entertainment, then under the
terms of the Time Warner Entertainment partnership agreement, AT&T may be
required to offer Time Warner Entertainment the opportunity to repurchase the
remaining interest in the partnership before the AT&T Comcast Transaction may be
completed in its current form.
AT&T has an option to increase its Series A priority capital and residual
capital interests in Time Warner Entertainment by an amount determined by
reference to a formula in the option agreement following an appraisal by an
independent appraiser. On March 25, 2001, the appraisal of Time Warner
Entertainment under the option agreement was completed by an independent
appraiser jointly engaged by AT&T Broadband
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and AOL Time Warner. Based on this appraisal, upon full exercise of the option
on a cashless basis, AT&T's interest in Time Warner Entertainment will increase
by 2 percentage points to 27.51% of the Series A priority capital and residual
equity capital. AT&T has 45 days from March 25, 2001 to exercise the option,
which it expects to do on a cashless basis.
Insight Midwest, L.P. Insight Midwest is a Delaware limited partnership
formed in 1999 which currently owns and operates certain cable systems in
Indiana, Kentucky, Illinois, Georgia and Ohio. AT&T Broadband holds a 50%
limited partnership interest and Insight Communications holds a 50% general
partnership interest in Insight Midwest. The business of the partnership is
managed by Insight Communications, as the general partner, although certain
matters also require the approval of AT&T Broadband. Insight Midwest currently
has approximately 1.2 million cable video subscribers.
Texas Cable Partners, L.P. Texas Cable Partners is a Delaware limited
partnership formed in December 1998 to own and operate certain cable systems in
Texas. The partnership is owned 50% by AT&T Broadband and 50% by the Time Warner
Entertainment-Advance/Newhouse Partnership, approximately two-thirds of which is
owned by Time Warner Entertainment. The general manager of Texas Cable Partners
is Time Warner Cable, a division of Time Warner Entertainment, although certain
governance matters require the approval of the management committee on which the
Time Warner Entertainment-Advance/Newhouse Partnership and AT&T Broadband have
equal representation. Texas Cable Partners currently has approximately 1.1
million cable video subscribers.
Other Investments. AT&T Broadband has interests in a number of different
joint ventures and companies.
LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS
BUSINESS SERVICES AND CONSUMER SERVICES
Telecommunications Act of 1996. In February 1996, the Telecommunications
Act became law. The Telecommunications Act, among other things, was designed to
foster local exchange competition by establishing a regulatory framework to
govern new competitive entry in local and long distance telecommunications
services. The Telecommunications Act permits a regional phone company to provide
interexchange services originating in any state in its region after it
demonstrates to the FCC that this provision is in the public interest and it
satisfies the conditions for developing local competition established by the
Telecommunications Act.
In August 1996, the FCC adopted rules and regulations, including pricing
rules, to implement the local competition provisions of the Telecommunications
Act, including with respect to the terms and conditions of interconnection with
local exchange carrier networks and the standards governing the purchase of
unbundled network elements and wholesale services from local exchange carriers.
These rules and regulations rely on state public utility commissions, or PUCs,
to develop the specific rates and procedures applicable to particular states
within the framework prescribed by the FCC.
On July 18, 1997, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals issued a decision
holding that the FCC lacked authority to establish pricing rules to implement
the sections of the local competition provisions of the Telecommunications Act
applicable to interconnection with incumbent local exchange carrier networks and
the purchase of unbundled network elements and wholesale services from incumbent
local exchange carriers. Accordingly, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals
vacated the rules that the FCC had adopted in August 1996, and that had been
stayed by the Court since September 1996. On October 14, 1997, the Eighth
Circuit Court of Appeals vacated an FCC rule that prohibited incumbent local
exchange carriers from separating network elements that are combined in an
incumbent local exchange carrier's network, except at the request of the
competitor purchasing the elements. This decision increased the difficulty and
cost of providing competitive local service through the use of unbundled network
elements purchased from incumbent local exchange carriers.
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On January 25, 1999, the Supreme Court issued a decision reversing the
Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals' holding that the FCC lacks jurisdiction to
establish pricing rules applicable to interconnection and the purchase of
unbundled network elements, and the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals' decision to
vacate the FCC's rule prohibiting incumbent local exchange carriers from
separating network elements that are combined in an incumbent local exchange
carrier's network. The effect of the Supreme Court's decision was to reinstate
the FCC's rules governing pricing and the separation of unbundled network
elements. The pricing issues were then remanded to the Eighth Circuit Court of
Appeals to consider the incumbent local exchange carriers' claims that, although
the FCC has jurisdiction to adopt pricing rules, the rules it adopted are not
consistent with the applicable provisions of the Telecommunications Act. The
Supreme Court also vacated the FCC's rule identifying and defining the unbundled
network elements that incumbent local exchange carriers are required to make
available to new entrants, and directed the FCC to reexamine this issue in light
of the standards mandated by the Telecommunications Act.
In response to the Supreme Court's decision, in November 1999, the FCC
completed its reexamination of, and released an order identifying and defining,
the unbundled network elements that incumbent local exchange carriers are
required to make available to new entrants. That order re-adopted the original
list of elements, with certain limited exceptions. An association of incumbent
local exchange carriers has appealed the FCC's order to the District of Columbia
Circuit Court of Appeals, and has asked this Court to hear the appeal on an
expedited basis. A number of parties, including AT&T and other incumbent local
exchange carriers, have petitioned the FCC to reconsider and/or clarify its
order. The FCC has moved to hold the appeal in abeyance pending its disposition
of the reconsideration petitions. In addition, in December 2001 the FCC opened a
proceeding in which it proposes to review the availability of unbundled network
elements based on current market conditions. The FCC has proposed to respond to
issues raised in the earlier reconsideration petitions in this new docket.
In July 2000, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals issued a decision
addressing the incumbent local exchange carriers' claims that the FCC's pricing
rules are not consistent with the applicable provisions of the
Telecommunications Act. It rejected the incumbent local exchange carriers'
claims that the prices for network elements must be based on their "historical
costs" rather than, as the FCC had held, their "forward-looking" costs. It also
held, however, that the FCC rule providing that forward-looking costs should be
calculated on the basis of the cost of the most efficient alternatives was
contrary to the Telecommunications Act. The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals then
stayed this ruling to enable the parties to seek review before the Supreme
Court, so the FCC's rules remain in effect until the Supreme Court decides the
case. The Supreme Court agreed to review the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals'
decision, and a decision by the Supreme Court is anticipated by the end of June
2002. The Supreme Court will be considering the claims of AT&T, the FCC and
others that the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals erred by invalidating the FCC
rule, and the claim by the incumbent local exchange carriers that the Eighth
Circuit Court of Appeals erred by not requiring prices to be based on their
historical cost. The Supreme Court is also considering the Eighth Circuit's
decision that incumbent local exchange carriers are not required to provide
competitors with "new" combinations of unbundled network elements.
The Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals also invalidated the FCC's rules
setting the pricing methodology for resold local services. That aspect of its
decision was not stayed and will not be reviewed by the Supreme Court. The
effect of the most recent decision by the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals is to
increase the risks, costs, difficulties, and uncertainty of entering local
markets through using the incumbent local exchange carriers' facilities and
services.
In addition, the United States House of Representatives has passed
legislation that would permit the regional phone companies to provide certain
long distance services without satisfying the Telecommunications Act's checklist
of conditions and also would substantially reduce the regional phone companies'
obligations to provide AT&T and other local competitors with the facilities
needed to provide competitive local services, particularly high speed data
services. The prospects that the United States Senate will pass such legislation
remain uncertain. The FCC also opened a proceeding in February 2002 that could
limit the obligations of the regional phone companies to provide AT&T and other
local competitors with access to facilities needed to provide high speed data
services. This proceeding, and the other FCC proceedings referenced above could
also
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reduce the regional phone companies obligations to provide facilities to AT&T
and other local competitors, and could accelerate the regional phone companies'
ability to provide long distance services.
In view of the proceedings pending before the Supreme Court, the District
of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals, the FCC and state PUCs and possible
legislation, there can be no assurance that the prices and other conditions
established in each state will provide for effective local service entry and
competition or provide AT&T with new market opportunities.
Regulation of Rates. AT&T is subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC with
respect to interstate and international rates, lines and services, and other
matters. From July 1989 to October 1995, the FCC regulated AT&T under a system
known as "price caps" whereby AT&T's prices, rather than its earnings, were
limited. On October 12, 1995, recognizing a decade of enormous change in the
long distance market and finding that AT&T lacked market power in the interstate
long distance market, the FCC reclassified AT&T as a "non-dominant" carrier for
its domestic interstate services. Subsequently, the FCC determined that AT&T's
international services were also non-dominant. As a result, AT&T became subject
to the same regulations as its long distance competitors for these services.
Thus, AT&T was no longer subject to price cap regulation for these services, was
able to file tariffs that are presumed lawful on one day's notice, and was free
of other regulations and reporting requirements that apply only to dominant
carriers.
In subsequent orders, the FCC decided to exercise its authority to forbear
from requiring non-dominant carriers to file tariffs for their services; first
for domestic interstate services and then for international services. As a
result, non-dominant carriers, including AT&T, have implemented mechanisms other
than tariffs to establish the terms and conditions that apply both to domestic,
interstate telecommunications services and international services, effective
August 1, 2001. Accordingly these mechanisms apply to virtually all of AT&T's
interstate and international telecommunications services.
In May 1997, the FCC adopted orders relating to price caps, access reform
and universal service that substantially revised the level and structure of
access charges that AT&T, as a long distance carrier, pays to incumbent local
exchange carriers. Under the price cap order, local exchange carriers were
required to reduce their price cap indices by 6.5% annually, less an adjustment
for inflation, which has resulted in significant reductions in access charges
that long distance companies pay to local exchange carriers. The access reform
order permitted increased flat-rate assessments to multiline business customers
and to residential customers other than for the primary telephone line. AT&T has
agreed to pass through to consumers any savings to AT&T as a result of these
access charge reforms. Consequently, AT&T's results after June 1997 reflect
lower revenue per minute of usage and lower access and other interconnection
costs per minute of usage.
In May 2000, the FCC adopted the CALLS order for the price cap local
exchange carriers, which made additional significant access and price cap
changes. The CALLS order reduced by $3.2 billion during 2000 the interstate
access charges that AT&T and other long distance carriers paid to these local
exchange carriers for access to their networks, and established target access
rates for the long distance carriers companies, which, over the next two years,
will result in further reductions, albeit of a much smaller magnitude. Once the
target rates are reached, the annual price reductions required by the price cap
order no longer apply. In addition, the CALLS order removed implicit subsidies
from access charges and converted them into an explicit, portable subsidy
administered as part of the universal service program described below. Also,
under the CALLS order, the caps on certain line-based costs that do not vary
with usage have been increased so that these costs increasingly are recovered
from end user customers. These restructurings allowed the reduction in access
charges assessed on long distance carriers on a usage basis. As part of the
CALLS order, AT&T agreed to pass through to customers access charge reductions
over the five-year life of the CALLS order and made certain other commitments
regarding the rate structure of certain residential long distance offerings. The
FCC CALLS order was recently reversed and remanded in part, and is the subject
of ongoing remand proceedings before the FCC.
Under the August 1999 local exchange carrier pricing flexibility order,
which was affirmed by the District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals in
February 2001, the FCC established certain triggers that enable the price cap
local exchange carriers to obtain pricing flexibility for their interstate
access services, including Phase II relief that permits them to remove these
services from price cap regulation. Although these triggers
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purportedly indicate a competitive presence, they may allow for premature
deregulation that could force access rates upwards.
Finally, in the universal service order, the FCC adopted a new mechanism
for funding universal service, which includes programs that defray the costs of
telephone service in high-cost areas, for low-income consumers, and for schools,
libraries and rural health care providers. Specifically, the FCC expanded the
set of carriers that must contribute to support universal service from solely
long distance carriers to all carriers, including local exchange carriers, that
provide interstate telecommunications services. Similarly, the set of carriers
eligible for the universal service support has been expanded from only local
exchange carriers to any eligible carrier providing local service to a customer,
including AT&T Consumer Services as a new entrant in local markets. The
universal service order also adopted measures to provide discounts on
telecommunications services, Internet access and inside wiring for eligible
schools and libraries and on telecommunications services only for rural health
care providers. The mechanism used to collect universal service contributions
relies on historical revenues, which disproportionately shifts the burden of
these programs to carriers that are losing market share, like AT&T in the long
distance market, to carriers that are growing market share. The FCC is currently
considering reform of this mechanism.
AT&T remains subject to the statutory requirements of Title II of the
Communications Act of 1934, as amended. AT&T must offer telecommunications
services under rates, terms and conditions that are just, reasonable and not
unreasonably discriminatory. It also is subject to the FCC's complaint process,
and it must give notice to the FCC and affected customers prior to
discontinuance, reduction or impairment of service.
In addition to the matters described above with respect to the
Telecommunications Act, PUCs or similar authorities having regulatory power over
intrastate rates, lines and services and other matters regulate AT&T's local and
intrastate communications services. The system of regulation applied to AT&T's
intrastate and local communications services varies from state to state and
generally includes various forms of pricing flexibility rules. AT&T's services
are not regulated in the states through rate of return regulation.
CABLE REGULATION AND LEGISLATION
The operation of cable television systems is extensively regulated by the
FCC, some state governments and most local governments. The Telecommunications
Act altered the regulatory structure governing the nation's telecommunications
providers. It removed barriers to competition in both the cable television
market and the local telephone market. Among other things, it reduced the scope
of cable rate regulation.
The Telecommunications Act required the FCC to implement numerous
rulemakings, some of which are still subject to court challenges. Moreover,
Congress and the FCC have frequently revisited the subject of cable television
regulation and may do so again. Future legislative and regulatory changes could
adversely affect AT&T Broadband's operations. This section briefly summarizes
key laws and regulations currently affecting the growth and operation of AT&T
Broadband's cable systems.
Cable Rate Regulation. The 1992 Cable Act imposed an extensive rate
regulation regime on the cable television industry, which regulation limited the
ability of cable companies to increase subscriber fees. Under that regime, all
cable systems were subjected to rate regulation, unless they faced effective
competition in their local franchise area. U.S. federal law now defines
"effective competition" on a community-specific basis as requiring satisfaction
of various conditions, such as the penetration of competitive video services to
15% of the households in a cable system's franchise area.
Although the FCC establishes all cable rate rules, local government units,
commonly referred to as local franchising authorities, are primarily responsible
for administering the regulation of the lowest level of cable service -- the
basic service tier, which typically contains local broadcast stations and PEG
access channels. Before a local franchising authority begins basic service tier
rate regulation, it must certify to the FCC that it will follow applicable U.S.
federal rules, and many local franchising authorities have voluntarily declined
to exercise this authority. Local franchising authorities also have primary
responsibility for regulating cable equipment rates. Under U.S. federal law,
charges for various types of cable equipment must be unbundled
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from each other and from monthly charges for programming services, and priced no
higher than the operator's actual cost, plus an 11.25% rate of return.
The FCC historically administered rate regulation of any cable programming
service tiers (i.e., all tiers other than the basic service tier), which
typically contain satellite-delivered programming. Under the Telecommunications
Act, however, the FCC's authority to regulate cable programming service tier
rates ended on March 31, 1999.
Cable Entry into Telecommunications. The Telecommunications Act provides
that no state or local laws or regulations may prohibit or have the effect of
prohibiting any entity from providing any interstate or intrastate
telecommunications service. States are authorized, however, to impose
"competitively neutral" requirements regarding universal service, public safety
and welfare, service quality and consumer protection. State and local
governments also retain their authority to manage the public rights-of-way.
Although the Telecommunications Act clarifies that traditional cable franchise
fees may be based only on revenues related to the provision of cable television
services, it also provides that local franchising authorities may require
reasonable, competitively neutral compensation for management of the public
rights-of-way when cable operators provide telecommunications service. The
Telecommunications Act prohibits local franchising authorities from requiring
cable operators to provide telecommunications service or facilities as a
condition of a franchise grant, renewal or transfer, except that local
franchising authorities argue they can seek "institutional networks" as part of
these franchise negotiations.
Cable operators that provide telecommunications services and cannot reach
agreement with local utilities over pole attachment rates in states that do not
regulate pole attachment rates will be subject to a methodology prescribed by
the FCC for determining the rates. These rates may be higher than those paid by
cable operators that do not provide telecommunications services.
The favorable pole attachment rates afforded cable operators under U.S.
federal law can be increased by utility companies owning the poles during a
five-year phase-in period beginning in 2001 if the cable operator provides
telecommunications service as well as cable service over its plant. The FCC
clarified that a cable operator's provision of cable Internet service does not
affect the favorable pole rates, but a recent decision by the Eleventh Circuit
Court of Appeals disagreed. In January 2002, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned
the Eleventh Circuit decision and upheld the applicability of the more favorable
FCC-prescribed pole rates regardless of the delivery of Internet services.
Cable entry into telecommunications will be affected by the regulatory
landscape now being fashioned by the FCC and state regulators, as well as the
courts. One critical component of the Telecommunications Act intended to
facilitate the entry of new telecommunications providers, including cable
operators, is the interconnection obligation imposed on all telecommunications
carriers. This requires, for example, that the incumbent local exchange carrier
must allow new competing telecommunications providers to connect to the local
telephone distribution system. A number of implementation details are subject to
ongoing regulatory and judicial review, but the basic requirement is now well
established. At the same time, incumbent local exchange carriers continue to
make it difficult for competitors to lease and use parts of their network in
order to provide competing services. Although local exchange carriers and cable
operators can now expand their offerings across traditional service boundaries,
the general prohibitions remain on local exchange carrier buyouts (i.e., any
ownership interest exceeding 10%) of co-located cable systems, cable operator
buyouts of co-located local exchange carrier systems, and joint ventures among
cable operators and local exchange carriers in the same market. The
Telecommunications Act provides a few limited exceptions to this buyout
prohibition.
Cable Systems Providing Internet Service. Although there is at present no
significant U.S. federal regulation of cable system delivery of Internet
services, and the FCC recently issued several reports and a declaratory ruling
finding no immediate need to impose this regulation, this situation may change
as cable systems expand their broadband delivery of Internet services. In
particular, proposals have been advanced at the FCC and in the Congress that
would require cable operators to provide "open access" to unaffiliated ISPs and
on-line service providers. The Federal Trade Commission and the FCC recently
imposed certain open access requirements on Time Warner and AOL in connection
with their merger, but those requirements are
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not applicable to other cable operators. Some states and local franchising
authorities may seek to impose franchise conditions related to Internet access
as part of cable franchise renewals or transfers. AT&T Broadband has completed a
technical and operational trial to test how multiple ISPs can offer high-speed,
always-on cable Internet service over a hybrid fiber/coaxial network. In March
2002, AT&T Broadband entered into an agreement with Earthlink pursuant to which
Earthlink will initially launch it high speed Internet service in greater Boston
and in the Seattle market.
Cable Television Ownership Restrictions. Pursuant to the 1992 Cable Act,
the FCC adopted regulations establishing a 30% limit on the number of
multichannel video subscribers (including cable, direct broadcast satellite,
Satellite Master Antenna Television, MMDS and other subscribers) that a cable
operator may reach nationwide through cable systems in which it holds an
attributable interest. The FCC stayed the effectiveness of its ownership limits
pending judicial review. In January, 2000, the FCC lifted its stay of the 30%
subscriber limit.
In its June 2000 ruling on the MediaOne acquisition, the FCC allowed the
MediaOne acquisition to go forward, but required AT&T to elect one of three
divestiture options to come into compliance with the 30% ownership cap.
Specifically, AT&T was required to either (1) divest its interest in Time Warner
Entertainment, (2) terminate its involvement in Time Warner Entertainment's
video programming activities, which would require divestiture of substantially
all of AT&T's video programming interests, including its interest in Liberty
Media, or (3) divest interests in cable systems. Compliance, or arrangements for
compliance, was required by May 2001. The FCC order also established safeguards
restricting AT&T Broadband's communication with Time Warner Entertainment, as
well as its communication with, and participation in, Board meetings for iN
DEMAND and certain other video programming services.
The FCC previously adopted regulations limiting carriage by a cable
operator of national programming services in which that operator holds an
attributable interest to 40% of the activated channels on each of the cable
operator's systems. These "channel occupancy" rules provide for the use of two
additional channels or a 45% limit, whichever is greater, provided that the
additional channels carry minority controlled programming services. The
regulations also grandfather existing carriage arrangements that exceed the
channel limits, but require new channel capacity to be devoted to unaffiliated
programming services until the system achieves compliance with the regulations.
These channel occupancy limits apply only up to 75 activated channels on the
cable system, and the rules do not apply to local or regional programming
services.
In March 2001, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals struck down the rules
adopted by the FCC pertaining to ownership and channel occupancy and remanded
the issues back to the FCC for further review. Following this decision, the FCC
initiated a rulemaking proceeding to determine what cable ownership and channel
occupancy limits, if any, can and should be implemented in light of the court's
decision. The FCC also suspended the compliance deadlines initially provided in
its order related to the MediaOne acquisition pending the outcome of the FCC's
new rulemaking proceeding.
The Telecommunications Act eliminated statutory restrictions on
broadcast/cable cross-ownership, including broadcast network/cable restrictions,
but left in place existing FCC regulations prohibiting local cross-ownership
between television stations and cable systems. The broadcast/cable cross
ownership restriction were challenged in court on First Amendment and other
grounds. In February 2002, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the FCC's
regulations so this ban is no longer in effect. The Telecommunications Act
leaves in place existing restrictions on cable cross-ownership with Satellite
Master Antenna Television and MMDS facilities, but lifts those restrictions
where the cable operator is subject to effective competition. In January 1995,
however, the FCC adopted regulations that permit cable operators to own and
operate Satellite Master Antenna Television systems within their franchise area,
provided that this operation is consistent with local cable franchise
requirements.
Must Carry/Retransmission Consent. The 1992 Cable Act contains broadcast
signal carriage requirements that allow local commercial television broadcast
stations to elect once every three years between requiring a cable system to
carry the station, i.e., must carry, or negotiating for payments for granting
permission to the cable operator to carry the station, i.e., retransmission
consent. Less popular stations typically elect must carry, and more popular
stations typically elect retransmission consent. Must carry
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requests can dilute the appeal of a cable system's programming offerings, and
retransmission consent demands may require substantial payments or other
concessions (e.g., a requirement that the cable system also carry the local
broadcaster's affiliated cable programming service). Either option has a
potentially adverse effect on AT&T Broadband's business. The burden associated
with must carry obligations could dramatically increase if television broadcast
stations proceed with planned conversions to digital transmissions and if the
FCC determines that cable systems must carry simultaneously all analog and
digital services transmitted by the television stations during the multi-year
transition in which a single broadcast licensee is authorized to transmit both
an analog and a digital signal, or if the FCC determines that, post-transition,
a cable operator is required to carry all of the multicast services in a
broadcaster's digital feed, as opposed to just the "primary video" service. The
FCC tentatively decided against imposition of dual digital and analog must carry
in a January 2001 ruling, and also decided that only the broadcaster's primary
video service must be carried by the cable operator. At the same time, however,
it initiated further fact gathering, which, ultimately, could lead to a
reconsideration of these conclusions.
Access Channels. Local franchising authorities can include franchise
provisions requiring cable operators to set aside certain channels for
non-commercial PEG access programming. U.S. federal law also requires a cable
system with 36 or more channels to designate a portion of its activated channel
capacity, up to 15%, for commercial leased access by unaffiliated third parties.
The FCC has adopted rules regulating the terms, conditions and maximum rates a
cable operator may charge for use of this designated channel capacity, but use
of commercial leased access channels has been relatively limited.
"Anti-Buy Through" Provisions. U.S. federal law requires each cable system
to permit customers to purchase premium services or pay-per-view video
programming offered by the operator on a per-channel or a per-program basis
without the necessity of subscribing to any tier of service, other than the
basic service tier, unless the system's lack of addressable converter boxes or
other technological limitation does not permit it to do so. The statutory
exemption for cable systems that do not have the technological capability to
comply expires in October 2002, but the FCC may extend that period on a
case-by-case basis if deemed necessary pursuant to a specific waiver petition.
Access to Programming. To spur the development of independent cable
programmers and competition to incumbent cable operators, the 1992 Cable Act
imposed restrictions on the dealings between cable operators and cable
programmers. Of special significance from a competitive business posture, the
1992 Cable Act precludes satellite video programmers affiliated with cable
operators from favoring cable operators over competing multichannel video
programming distributors, such as direct broadcast satellite and MMDS
distributors. This provision limits the ability of vertically integrated
satellite cable programmers to offer exclusive programming arrangements, or
preferred pricing or non-price terms, to AT&T Broadband. Both Congress and the
FCC have considered proposals that would expand the program access rights of
cable's competitors, including the possibility of subjecting both terrestrially
delivered video programming and video programmers that are not affiliated with
cable operators to all program access requirements. The FCC is currently
considering whether the exclusivity restrictions of the program access rules
should be allowed to sunset, on October 5, 2002, or whether an extension of
these restrictions is required to continue to assist cable's competitors.
Pursuant to the Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act, the FCC has adopted
regulations governing retransmission consent negotiations between broadcasters
and all multichannel video programming distributors, including cable and direct
broadcast satellite.
Inside Wiring; Subscriber Access. FCC rules require an incumbent cable
operator, upon expiration of a multiple dwelling unit service contract, to sell,
abandon or remove "home run" wiring that was installed by the cable operator in
the multiple dwelling unit building. These inside wiring rules are expected to
assist building owners in their attempts to replace existing cable operators
with new programming providers that are willing to pay the building owner a
higher fee, where a higher fee is permissible. The FCC also has proposed
abrogating or severely restricting all existing and future exclusive multiple
dwelling unit service agreements held by incumbent cable operators, but allowing
these contracts when held by new entrants. In another proceeding, the FCC has
preempted restrictions on the deployment of private antennae on rental property
within the exclusive use of a tenant, such as balconies and patios. This FCC
ruling may limit the extent to which multiple dwelling unit owners may enforce
certain aspects of multiple dwelling unit agreements that otherwise prohibit,
for
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example, placement of digital broadcast satellite receiver antennas in multiple
dwelling unit areas under the exclusive occupancy of a renter. These
developments may make it more difficult for AT&T Broadband to provide service in
multiple dwelling unit complexes.
Customer Equipment Regulation. Cable customer equipment is subject to rate
regulation unless the cable system is deemed by the FCC to face effective
competition. In addition, the FCC ruled that cable customers must be allowed to
purchase cable converters and other such navigation device equipment from third
parties, such as retailers, and established a multi-year phase-in during which
security functions, which would remain in the operator's exclusive control,
would be unbundled from non-security functions, which then could be supplied by
third-party vendors. The first phase implementation date was July 1, 2000.
Compliance was technically and operationally difficult in some locations, so
AT&T Broadband and several other cable operators filed a request at the FCC that
the requirement be waived in those systems. The request resulted in a temporary
deferral of the compliance deadline for those systems.
The separate security module requirement applies to all digital and
"hybrid" devices (i.e., devices that access both analog and digital services),
but not to analog-only devices. So long as multichannel video providers subject
to the rules comply with the separate security module requirement, they may
continue to provide "integrated devices" (i.e., navigation devices containing
both embedded security and non-security functions) to their customers until
January 1, 2005, at which time they will be barred from placing these devices in
service. AT&T Broadband has advocated the elimination of this "integrated box
ban."
Other Regulations of the FCC. In addition to the FCC regulations noted
above, there are other regulations of the FCC covering such areas as:
- equal employment opportunity (currently suspended as a result of a
judicial ruling, although the FCC recently has sought to reimpose a
subset of these rules);
- subscriber privacy;
- programming practices, including, among other things,
- syndicated program exclusivity, which requires a cable system to delete
particular programming offered by a distant broadcast signal carried on
the system that duplicates the programming for which a local broadcast
station has secured exclusive distribution rights,
- network program nonduplication,
- local sports blackouts,
- indecent programming,
- lottery programming,
- political programming,
- sponsorship identification,
- children's programming advertisements,
- closed captioning; and
- video description;
- registration of cable systems and facilities licensing;
- maintenance of various records and public inspection files;
- aeronautical frequency usage;
- lockbox availability;
- antenna structure notification;
- tower marking and lighting;
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- consumer protection and customer service standards;
- technical standards;
- consumer electronics equipment compatibility; and
- emergency alert systems.
The FCC recently initiated an inquiry to determine whether the cable
industry's future provision of interactive services should be subject to
regulations ensuring equal access and competition among service vendors. The
inquiry, which grew out of the FCC's review of the AOL/Time Warner merger, is in
its earliest stages.
The FCC has the authority to enforce its regulations through the imposition
of substantial fines, the issuance of cease and desist orders and/or the
imposition of other administrative sanctions, such as the revocation of FCC
licenses needed to operate certain transmission facilities used in connection
with cable operations.
Copyright. Cable television systems are subject to U.S. federal copyright
licensing covering carriage of television and radio broadcast signals. In
exchange for filing certain reports and contributing a percentage of their
revenue to a U.S. federal copyright royalty pool (this percentage varies
depending on the size of the system and the number of distant broadcast
television signals carried), cable operators can obtain blanket permission to
retransmit copyrighted material on broadcast signals. The possible modification
or elimination of this compulsory copyright license is subject to continuing
review and could adversely affect AT&T Broadband's ability to obtain desired
broadcast programming. In addition, the cable industry pays music licensing fees
to Broadcast Music, Inc. and the American Society of Composers, Authors and
Publishers. Copyright clearances for nonbroadcast programming services are
arranged through private negotiations.
State and Local Regulation. Cable television systems generally are
operated pursuant to nonexclusive franchises granted by a municipality or other
state or local government entity. The Telecommunications Act clarified that the
need for an entity providing cable services to obtain a local franchise depends
solely on whether the entity crosses public rights-of-way. U.S. federal law now
prohibits franchise authorities from granting exclusive franchises or from
unreasonably refusing to award additional franchises covering an existing cable
system's service area. Cable franchises generally are granted for fixed terms,
and in many cases are terminable if the franchisee fails to comply with material
provisions. Noncompliance by the cable operator with franchise provisions also
may result in monetary penalties.
The terms and conditions of franchises vary materially from jurisdiction to
jurisdiction. Each franchise generally contains provisions governing cable
operations, service rates, franchise fees, system construction and maintenance
obligations, system channel capacity, design and technical performance, customer
service standards, and indemnification protections. A number of states subject
cable television systems to the jurisdiction of centralized state governmental
agencies. Although local franchising authorities have considerable discretion in
establishing franchise terms, there are certain U.S. federal limitations. For
example, local franchising authorities cannot insist on franchise fees exceeding
5% of the system's gross revenues from the provision of cable services, cannot
dictate the particular technology used by the system, and cannot specify video
programming other than identifying broad categories of programming.
U.S. federal law contains renewal procedures designed to protect incumbent
franchisees against arbitrary denials of renewal. Even if a franchise is
renewed, the franchise authority may seek to impose new and more onerous
requirements, such as significant upgrades in facilities and services or
increased franchise fees and funding for PEG access channels as a condition of
renewal. Similarly, if a franchise authority's consent is required for the
purchase or sale of a cable system or franchise, this authority may attempt to
impose more burdensome or onerous franchise requirements in connection with a
request for consent. Historically, franchises have been renewed for cable
operators that have provided satisfactory services and have complied with the
terms of their franchises. Since the 1992 adoption of the Cable Act, AT&T
Broadband has never had a final determination or denial of one of its
franchises.
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Subscriber Privacy Regulation. Customer and subscriber privacy for cable
and telecommunications companies are now specifically regulated under the Cable
Communications Policy Act of 1984 and the Communications Act of 1934. Various
federal and state regulatory and enforcement agencies including the FCC, Federal
Trade Commission, and state attorneys general, are examining business practices
in the communications sector, as well as other sectors, with regard to privacy
of personal or proprietary customer information, data protection and information
security. Numerous media reports indicate that these subjects are of increasing
concern to businesses and the public, and may result in additional legislation,
regulation, enforcement, and litigation concerning the data practices of
communications companies. It is not possible to predict with certainty the
direction of any such legislative, regulatory or enforcement initiatives, or
future litigation, or how and whether they will occur, or what impact they will
have on AT&T Comcast.
Proposed Changes in Regulation. The regulation of cable television systems
at the U.S. federal, state and local levels is subject to the political process
and has been in constant flux over the past decade. Material changes in the law
and regulatory requirements must be anticipated, and there can be no assurance
that AT&T Broadband's business will not be affected adversely by future
legislation, new regulations or by deregulation of AT&T Broadband's competitors.
COMPETITION
AT&T BUSINESS SERVICES AND AT&T CONSUMER SERVICES
Competition in communications services is based on price and pricing plans,
types of services offered, customer service, access to customer premises and
communications quality, reliability and availability. AT&T's principal
competitors include Worldcom, Inc., Sprint Corporation and regional phone
companies. AT&T also experiences significant competition in long distance from
newer entrants as well as dial-around resellers. In addition, long distance
telecommunications providers have been facing competition from non-traditional
sources, including as a result of technological substitutions, such as Internet
telephony, high speed cable Internet service, e-mail and wireless services.
Providers of competitive high-speed data offerings include cable television
companies, direct broadcast satellite companies and DSL resellers.
Incumbent local exchange carriers own the only universal telephone
connection to the home, have very substantial capital and other resources,
long-standing customer relationships and extensive existing facilities and
network rights-of-way, and are AT&T's primary competitors in the local services
market. In addition, it is anticipated that a number of long distance
telecommunication, wireless and cable service providers and others have entered
or will enter the local services market in competition with AT&T. Some of these
potential competitors have substantial financial and other resources. AT&T also
competes in the local services market with a number of competitive local
exchange carriers, a few of which have existing local networks and significant
financial resources.
AT&T currently faces significant competition and expects that the level of
competition will continue to increase. As competitive, regulatory and
technological changes occur, including those occasioned by the
Telecommunications Act, AT&T anticipates that new and different competitors will
enter and expand their position in the communications services markets. These
will include regional phone company competitors in existing states and new
states plus entrants from other segments of the communications and information
services industry or global competitors seeking to expand their market
opportunities. Many of these new competitors are likely to enter with a strong
market presence, well-recognized names and pre-existing direct customer
relationships.
The Telecommunications Act already has affected the competitive
environment. Anticipating changes in the industry, non-regional phone company
local exchange carriers, which are not required to implement the
Telecommunications Act's competitive checklist prior to offering long distance
in their home markets, have integrated their local service offerings with long
distance offerings in advance of AT&T offering combined local and long distance
service in these areas, adversely affecting AT&T's revenues and earnings in
these service regions.
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In addition, the Telecommunications Act permits regional phone companies to
provide in-region interLATA interexchange services after demonstrating to the
FCC that providing these services is in the public interest and satisfying the
conditions for developing local competition established by the
Telecommunications Act. Regional phone companies have petitioned the FCC for
permission to provide interLATA interexchange services in one or more states
within their home markets. In December 1999, Verizon became the first regional
phone company to obtain approval to provide long distance in a state within its
home territory, in New York. Petitions from regional phone companies have been
granted with respect to 10 states prior to April 1, 2002. AT&T expects that the
regional phone companies will be successful in obtaining approval to offer long
distance in the majority of the remaining states by the end of 2002.
To the extent that regional phone companies obtain in-region interLATA
authority before the Telecommunications Act's checklist of conditions have been
fully or satisfactorily implemented and adequate facilities-based local exchange
competition exists, or before there is an ability to resell at fair and
competitive rates there is a substantial risk that AT&T and other interexchange
service providers, will be at a disadvantage to regional phone companies in
providing both local service and combined service packages. Because it is widely
anticipated that substantial numbers of long distance customers will seek to
purchase local, interexchange and other services from a single carrier as part
of a combined or full service package, any competitive disadvantage, inability
to profitably provide local service at competitive rates or delays or
limitations in providing local service or combined service packages could
materially adversely affect AT&T's future revenue and earnings. In any event,
the simultaneous entrance of numerous new competitors for interexchange and
combined service packages is likely to materially adversely affect AT&T's future
long distance revenue and could affect materially adversely future earnings.
In addition to the matters referred to above, various other factors,
including technological hurdles, market acceptance, start-up and ongoing costs
associated with the provision of new services and local conditions and
obstacles, could materially adversely affect the timing and success of AT&T's
entrance into the local exchange services market and AT&T's ability to offer
combined service packages that include local service.
AT&T BROADBAND SERVICES
Cable television competes for customers in local markets with other
providers of entertainment, news and information. The competitors in these
markets include direct broadcast satellite service, broadcast television and
radio, satellite master antenna television systems, wireless cable providers,
newspapers, magazines and other printed material, motion picture theatres, video
cassettes, DVDs and other sources of information and entertainment, including
directly competitive cable television operations and ISPs. The Cable Television
Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992, or the 1992 Cable Act, and the
Telecommunications Act are designed to increase competition in the cable
television industry.
Additionally, AT&T Broadband faces significant competition from both local
telephone companies and new providers of services such as Internet service and
telephone services. Providers of competitive high-speed data offerings include
fixed wireless companies, direct broadcast satellite companies and DSL
providers.
There are alternative methods of distributing the same or similar services
offered by cable television systems. Further, these technologies have been
encouraged by the U.S. Congress and the FCC to offer services in direct
competition with existing cable systems.
Direct Broadcast Satellite. Direct broadcast satellite has emerged as
significant competition to cable systems. The direct broadcast satellite
industry has grown rapidly over the last several years, far exceeding the growth
rate of the cable television industry, and now serves approximately 17.6 million
subscribers nationwide. Direct broadcast satellite service allows a subscriber
to receive video (as well as non-video) services directly via satellite using a
relatively small dish antenna. Moreover, video compression technology allows
direct broadcast satellite providers to offer more than 400 digital channels,
thereby surpassing the typical analog or hybrid analog-digital cable system.
Direct broadcast satellite companies historically were prohibited from
retransmitting popular local broadcast programming, but a change to the existing
copyright laws in November 1999 eliminated this legal impediment. Direct
broadcast satellite companies now need to secure retransmission consent from the
popular broadcast stations they wish to carry, and now face mandatory carriage
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obligations of less popular broadcast stations as of January 2002. These new
"must carry" rules require satellite companies to carry all local broadcast
stations in a local market where they carry any such station pursuant to a new
compulsory copyright license. In response to the legislation, DirecTV, Inc. and
EchoStar Communications Corporation already have begun carrying the major
network stations in the nation's top television markets. The direct broadcast
satellite industry initiated a judicial challenge to the statutory requirement
mandating carriage of less popular broadcast stations. This lawsuit alleges that
the must-carry requirement is unconstitutional. The Court of Appeals for the
Fourth Circuit recently upheld the constitutionality of these rules, but
EchoStar and the Satellite Broadcasting and Communications Association have
sought review in the U.S. Supreme Court. Direct broadcast satellite companies
also have begun offering high-speed Internet services. EchoStar began providing
high-speed Internet service in late 2000, and DirecTV, which has partnered with
AOL Time Warner, reports that it will begin providing its own version of
high-speed Internet service shortly. Further, in October 2001 EchoStar entered
into an agreement to acquire DirecTV. EchoStar's applications for approval of
the proposed merger are still pending before various governmental authorities.
These developments will provide significant new competition to AT&T Broadband's
offering of video programming and high-speed cable Internet service.
Broadcast Television. Cable television has long competed with broadcast
television, which consists of television signals that the viewer is able to
receive without charge using an "off-air" antenna. The extent of this
competition, which is for both the acquisition and delivery of programming, as
well as for advertising, is dependent upon the quality and quantity of broadcast
signals available through off-air reception compared to the services provided by
the local cable system. The recent licensing of digital spectrum by the FCC will
provide incumbent television licensees with the ability to deliver high
definition television pictures and multiple digital-quality program streams, as
well as advanced digital services, such as subscription video.
DSL. The deployment of DSL technology allows the provision of Internet
services to subscribers at data transmission speeds greater than available over
conventional telephone lines. In addition, DSL providers offer voice services
including offerings that divide up a phone line into several voice channels and
an always-on data line. All significant local telephone companies and certain
other telecommunications companies have launched DSL service. The FCC has a
policy of encouraging the deployment of DSL and similar technologies, both by
incumbent telephone companies and new, competing telephone companies. The FCC's
regulations in this area are subject to change. The development and deployment
of DSL technology by local telephone companies provides substantial competition
to AT&T Broadband's high-speed cable Internet services and cable telephone
services.
Private Cable. AT&T Broadband also competes with Satellite Master Antenna
Television systems, which provide multichannel program services and high-speed
Internet services directly to hotel, motel, apartment, condominium and similar
multi-unit complexes within a cable television system's franchise area,
generally free of any regulation by federal, state and local government
authorities and sometimes on an exclusive basis. FCC rules restrict the ability
of cable operators to maintain ownership of cable wiring inside multi-unit
buildings, thereby making it less expensive for Satellite Master Antenna
Television competitors, as well as other competitors that are increasingly
targeting multi-unit building subscribers such as direct broadcast satellite, to
reach those customers. The FCC also has ruled that private cable operators can
lease video distribution capacity from local telephone companies and, thereby,
distribute cable programming services over the public rights-of-way without
obtaining a franchise. In 1999, both the Fifth and Seventh Circuit Courts of
Appeal upheld this FCC policy. This could provide a significant regulatory
advantage for private cable operators in the future. The 1992 Cable Act ensures
that Satellite Master Antenna Television Systems, as well as other providers of
multichannel video programming to end users, will have access to most of the
significant cable television programming services at nondiscriminatory rates.
Cable System Overbuilds. Cable operators may compete with other cable
operators or new entities seeking franchises for competing cable television
systems at any time during the terms of existing franchises. The 1992 Cable Act
promotes the granting of competitive franchises and AT&T Broadband systems
operate under nonexclusive franchises. Several years ago, there was a
significant increase in the number of cities that constructed their own cable
television systems in a manner similar to city-provided utility services. These
systems typically compete directly with the existing cable operator without the
burdens of franchise fees or
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other local regulation. The total number of municipal overbuild cable systems
remains relatively small. Additionally, several years ago there was a
significant increase in investments in private company overbuilders of cable
systems. If this trend were to resume, AT&T Broadband cable systems could face
an increasing number of markets in which a second cable system will be competing
directly with an AT&T Broadband system, providing video, audio, interactive
television, high-speed Internet and telephone services. To date, overbuilds have
not had a material impact on AT&T Broadband's results.
Telephone Company Entry. The Telecommunications Act eliminated the
statutory and regulatory restrictions that prevented local telephone companies
from competing with cable operators in the provision of video services. The
Telecommunications Act allows local telephone companies, including regional
phone companies, to compete with cable television operators both inside and
outside their telephone service areas. AT&T Broadband expects that it could face
competition from telephone companies for the provision of video services,
whether it is through wireless cable or through upgraded telephone networks.
AT&T Broadband assumes that all major telephone companies already have entered
or may enter the business of providing video services. Although enthusiasm on
the part of local exchange carriers is not clear, AT&T Broadband is aware that
telephone companies have already built, or are in the process of building,
competing cable system facilities in a number of AT&T Broadband's franchise
areas. As AT&T Broadband continues to expand its offerings to include Internet
and telecommunications services, it will be subject to competition from the
local telephone companies and telecommunications providers. The
telecommunications industry is highly competitive, and includes competitors with
substantial financial and personnel resources, brand name recognition and
long-standing relationships with regulatory authorities.
Utility Company Entry. The Telecommunications Act eliminated certain U.S.
federal restrictions on utility holding companies and thus frees all utility
companies to provide cable television services. AT&T Broadband expects this
could result in another source of competition in the delivery of video,
telephone and high-speed Internet services.
MMDS. Another alternative method of distribution is multichannel,
multi-point distribution systems, or MMDS, which deliver programming services
over microwave channels to customers equipped with special antennas. MMDSs are
less capital intensive, are not required to obtain local franchises or pay
franchise fees, and are subject to fewer regulatory requirements than cable
television systems.
Local Voice. AT&T Broadband's cable telephone service competes against
incumbent local exchange carriers and competitive local exchange carriers in the
provision of local voice services. Moreover, many of these carriers are
expanding their offerings to include Internet service. The incumbent local
exchange carriers have very substantial capital and other resources,
longstanding customer relationships and extensive existing facilities and
network rights-of-way. A few competitive local exchange carriers also have
existing local networks and significant financial resources.
Fixed Wireless. Fixed wireless technologies compete with AT&T Broadband in
the provision of Internet and voice services. Fixed wireless providers serve the
same functions as a wireline provider, by interconnecting private networks,
bypassing a local exchange carrier or connecting to the Internet. The technology
involved in point-to-point microwave connections has advanced, allowing the use
of higher frequencies, and thus smaller antennas, resulting in lower costs and
easier-to-deploy systems for private use and encouraging the use of such
technology by carriers. Fixed wireless systems are designed to emulate cable
connections, and they use the same interfaces and protocols, such as T1, frame
relay, Ethernet and ATM. Fixed wireless systems also match the service
parameters of cable systems, and consequently any application that operates over
a cable should be able to operate over a fixed wireless system.
Resellers. Among AT&T Broadband's competitors in the areas of voice and
Internet services are resellers. Resellers typically are low-cost aggregators
that serve price-conscious market segments and value-added resellers that target
customers with special needs.
IP Telephone. IP telephone providers compete directly against AT&T
Broadband's cable telephone service. IP telephone providers derive most of their
revenues from per-minute charges, but they also offer other services including
voicemail and IP telephone equipment. Although the offerings of IP telephone
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providers are limited mostly to voice services, these companies seek to expand
to other areas of the telecommunications industry, and may succeed in doing so
in the future.
General. In addition to competition for customers, the cable television
industry competes with broadcast television, radio, print media and other
sources of information and entertainment for advertising revenue. As the cable
television industry has developed additional programming, its advertising
revenue has increased. Cable operators sell advertising spots primarily to local
and regional advertisers.
AT&T Broadband has no basis upon which to estimate the number of cable
television companies and other entities with which it competes or may
potentially compete. The full extent to which other media or home delivery
services will compete with cable television systems may not be known for some
time, and there can be no assurance that existing, proposed or as yet
undeveloped technologies will not become dominant in the future.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 2001 AT&T employed approximately 117,800 persons in its
operations, approximately 96% of whom are located domestically. About 27% of the
domestically located employees of AT&T are represented by unions. Of those so
represented, about 94% are represented by the Communications Workers of America
(CWA), which is affiliated with the AFL-CIO; about 5% by the International
Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), which is also affiliated with the
AFL-CIO. In addition, there is a very small remainder of domestic employees
represented by other unions. Labor agreements with most of these unions extend
through May 2002.
At December 31, 2001, AT&T Business Services employed approximately 57,500
individuals in its operations. Of those employees, approximately 53,300 are
located domestically. About 17,400 of the domestically located employees of AT&T
Business Services are represented by unions.
At December 31, 2001, AT&T Consumer Services employed approximately 13,800
individuals in its operations, virtually all of whom are located in the United
States. About 75% of the domestically located employees of AT&T Consumer
Services are represented by unions.
At December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband employed approximately 40,150
individuals in its operations, all of whom are located in the United States.
Approximately 2,900 of these employees are represented by the Communications
Workers of America or the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, both
of which are affiliated with the AFL-CIO.
SEGMENT, OPERATING REVENUE AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
EXPENSE INFORMATION
For information about the Company's research and development expense, see
Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 to this
Annual Report. For information about the consolidated operating revenue
contributed by the Company's major classes of products and services, see the
revenue tables and descriptions following the caption "Segment Results" in the
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations included in Item 7.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Investors should carefully consider the following factors regarding their
investment in AT&T Corp. securities.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO AT&T BUSINESS SERVICES AND AT&T CONSUMER
SERVICES
AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services Expect There to be a
Continued Decline in the Long Distance Industry. Historically, prices for voice
communications have fallen because of competition, the introduction of more
efficient networks and advanced technology, product substitution, excess
capacity and
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deregulation. AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services expect these
trends to continue, and each of AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business
Services may need to reduce its prices in the future to remain competitive. In
addition, AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services do not expect that
they will be able to achieve increased traffic volumes in the near future to
sustain their current revenue levels. The extent to which each of AT&T Consumer
Services' and AT&T Business Services' business, financial condition, results of
operations and cash flow could be materially adversely affected will depend on
the pace at which these industry-wide changes continue and its ability to create
new and innovative services to differentiate its offerings, enhance customer
retention, and retain or grow market share.
AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services Face Substantial
Competition that May Materially Adversely Impact Both Market Share and
Margins. Each of AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services currently
faces significant competition, and AT&T expects the level of competition to
continue to increase. Some of the potential materially adverse consequences of
this competition include the following:
- market share loss and loss of key customers;
- possibility that customers shift to less profitable, lower margin
services;
- need to initiate or respond to price cuts in order to retain market
share;
- difficulties in AT&T Consumer Services' and AT&T Business Services'
ability to grow new businesses, introduce new services successfully or
execute on their business plan; and
- inability to purchase fairly priced access services or fairly priced
elements of local carriers' networks.
As a result of competitive factors, AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T
Business Services believe it is unlikely that they will sustain existing price
or margin levels.
AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services Face Competition from a
Variety of Sources.
- Competition from new entrants into long distance, including regional
phone companies. AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services
traditionally have competed with other long distance carriers. In recent
years, AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services have begun to
compete with incumbent local exchange carriers, which historically have
dominated local telecommunications, and with other competitive local
exchange carriers for the provision of long distance services. Some
regional phone companies, such as Verizon Communications Inc. and SBC
Communications Inc., already have been permitted to offer long distance
services in some states within their regions. AT&T expects that the
regional phone companies will seek to enter all states in their regions
and eventually will be given permission to offer long distance services
within their regions. The incumbent local exchange carriers presently
have numerous advantages as a result of their historic monopoly control
over local exchanges.
- Competition from facilities-based companies, including regional phone
companies. AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services also face
the risk of increasing competition from entities that own their own
access facilities, particularly the regional phone companies, which have
access facilities across vast regions of the United States with the
ability to control cost, cycle time and functionality for most end-to-end
services in their regions. These entities can preserve large market share
and high margins on access services as they enter new markets, including
long distance and end-to-end services. This places them in superior
position vis-a-vis AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services and
other competitors that must purchase such high-margin access services.
- Competition from lower-cost or less-leveraged providers. The cost
structure of AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services also
affects their competitiveness. Each faces the risk that it will not be
able to maintain a competitive cost structure if newer technologies favor
newer competitors that do not have legacy infrastructure and as
technology substitution continues. The ability of each of AT&T Consumer
Services and AT&T Business Services to make critical investments to
improve cost structure also may be impaired by its current debt
obligations.
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- Competition as a result of technological change. AT&T Consumer Services
and AT&T Business Services also may be subject to additional competitive
pressures from the development of new technologies and the increased
availability of domestic and international transmission capacity. The
telecommunications industry is in a period of rapid technological
evolution, marked by the introduction of new product and service
offerings and increasing satellite, wireless, fiber optic and coaxial
cable transmission capacity for services similar to those provided by
AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services. AT&T cannot predict
which of many possible future product and service offerings will be
important to maintain its competitive position, or what expenditures will
be required to develop and provide these products and services. In
particular, the rapid expansion of usage of wireless services has led and
is expected to lead to an overall decline in traffic volume on
traditional wireline networks.
- Competition as a result of excess capacity. Each of AT&T Consumer
Services and AT&T Business Services faces competition as a result of
excess capacity resulting from substantial network build out by
competitors that had access to inexpensive capital.
- Strength of competitors. Some of AT&T Consumer Services' and AT&T
Business Services' existing and potential competitors have financial,
personnel and other resources significantly greater than those of AT&T
Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services.
AT&T Faces Risk in connection with AT&T Canada. Assuming the completion of
the Concert unwind, AT&T will have an approximately 31% equity ownership of AT&T
Canada. In the event foreign ownership restrictions in Canada are lifted, in
whole or in part, prior to June 30,2003, AT&T is required to purchase the
outstanding shares (to the extent permitted by any remaining foreign ownership
restrictions) at the greater of the floor price (Cdn$47.45 as of December 31,
2001) and the fair market value (such greater price, the "Back-end Price"). The
floor price accretes at 4% each quarter, commencing on June 30, 2000. If foreign
ownership restrictions in Canada are not lifted and AT&T does not exercise the
call right by June 30, 2003, the shares may be put up for auction, and AT&T
would have to make the shareholders whole for the amount, if any, by which the
Back-end Price exceeds the proceeds received in auction. AT&T has the right to
trigger the purchase of the remaining equity of AT&T Canada for the Back-end
Price at any time prior to the earlier of a change in foreign ownership rules in
Canada or June 30, 2003.
In 2001, AT&T recorded $1.8 billion of after-tax charges ($3.0 billion
pretax) reflecting the estimated loss on AT&T's commitment to purchase the
publicly owned shares of AT&T Canada. Included in these charges was
approximately $0.6 billion related to the assumption of BT's obligation to
purchase the publicly owned shares of AT&T Canada. These charges reflect the
difference between the underlying value of AT&T Canada shares and the price AT&T
has committed to pay for them, and are included in "Net losses related to other
equity investments" in the Consolidated Statement of Income and "Other long-term
liabilities and deferred credits" in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. AT&T no
longer records equity earnings or losses related to AT&T Canada since AT&T's
investment balance was written down to zero, largely through losses generated by
AT&T Canada. In the event AT&T acquires more than 50% of the voting equity of
AT&T Canada, AT&T Canada's results will be consolidated into AT&T's results. At
December 31, 2001, AT&T Canada had outstanding debt of $2.9 billion.
On March 14, 2002, AT&T Canada announced that it had formed a board
committee to help management address what AT&T Canada described as "complex
issues" facing the company. It also said one of the committee's first steps had
been to hire Greenhill & Co. LLC as its financial adviser to work with the
committee and management to evaluate various scenarios regarding what it
described as "the issues, opportunities and alternatives for the company." On
March 15, 2002, a group of more than 20 investors holding almost $1 billion of
AT&T Canada public notes announced that they have organized as an ad hoc
committee to express their concerns about the company's business operations and
financial prospects. They stated that the group was formed in response to
several recent "troubling financial releases" from AT&T Canada and the rating
agency downgrades of AT&T Canada's public notes, including the notes issued by
MetroNet Communications.
Adverse business developments involving AT&T Canada could affect AT&T in a
variety of ways. For example, in the event AT&T no longer obtains
telecommunications services from AT&T Canada, there are a
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variety of other carriers that could provide AT&T with the telecommunications
services necessary to service its customers. However, there may be some
difficulty in obtaining services with comparable features, functions and prices
from these carriers which could adversely impact AT&T's ability to provide
products and services to its customers. In addition, AT&T may incur significant
costs as a result.
At December 31, 2001, the aggregate amount that AT&T would need to pay to
acquire the shares of AT&T Canada that it does not own was approximately $3.2
billion. AT&T has the right to fund this obligation through cash or through the
issuance of shares of AT&T Common Stock or for cash or any combination thereof.
AT&T is currently exploring a variety of structures to satisfy its obligation to
acquire the shares of AT&T Canada common stock. If AT&T does not raise funds to
complete this acquisition prior to the completion of the AT&T Comcast
transaction, to the extent AT&T directly or indirectly uses equity to do so, the
percentage of shares of AT&T that would be required to be issued would be
substantially increased.
The Regulatory and Legislative Environment Creates Challenges for AT&T
Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services. Each of AT&T Consumer Services
and AT&T Business Services faces risks relating to regulations and legislation.
These risks include:
- difficulty of effective entry into local markets due to noncompetitive
pricing and to regional phone company operational issues that do not
permit rapid large-scale customer changes from regional phone companies
to new service providers,
- new head-on competition as regional phone companies begin to enter the
long distance business, and
- emergence of few facilities-based competitors to regional phone
companies, and the absence of any significant alternate source of supply
for most access and local services.
This dependency on supply materially adversely impacts each of AT&T
Consumer Services' and AT&T Business Services' cost structure, and ability to
create and market desirable and competitive end-to-end products for customers.
In addition, regional phone companies will be entering the long distance
business while they still control substantially all the access facilities in
their regions. This will likely result in an increased level of competition for
long distance or end-to-end services as the services offered by regional phone
companies expand.
Each of AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services May Substantially
Increase its Debt Level in the Future, Which Could Subject it to Various
Restrictions and Higher Interest Costs and Decrease its Cash Flow and
Earnings. Each of AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services may
substantially increase its debt level in the future, which could subject it to
various restrictions and higher interest costs and decrease its cash flow and
earnings. It also may be difficult for AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business
Services to obtain all the financing they need to fund their businesses and
growth strategies on desirable terms. The amount of debt required in the future
will depend upon the performance revenue and margin of each of AT&T Consumer
Services and AT&T Business Services, which, in turn, may be materially adversely
affected by competitive and other pressures. Any agreements governing
indebtedness obtained by AT&T Consumer Services or AT&T Business Services may
contain financial and other covenants that could impair AT&T Consumer Services'
or AT&T Business Services' flexibility and restrict its ability to pursue growth
opportunities.
AT&T expects to explore and evaluate the relative advantages and
disadvantages of various funding mechanisms for AT&T. These alternatives may
include a bank credit line, commercial paper and other forms of public and
private debt financing. The decision on debt composition is dependent on, among
other things, the business and financial plans of AT&T and the market conditions
at the time of financing.
The Actual Amount of Funds Necessary to Implement Each of AT&T Consumer
Services' and AT&T Business Services' Strategy and Business Plan May Materially
Exceed Current Estimates, which Could have a Material Adverse Effect on its
Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The actual amount of funds
necessary to implement each of AT&T Consumer Services' and AT&T Business
Services' strategy and
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business plan may materially exceed AT&T Consumer Services' and AT&T Business
Services' current estimates in the event of various factors, including:
- competitive downward pressures on revenues and margins,
- departures from AT&T Consumer Services' and AT&T Business Services'
respective current business plans,
- regulatory developments,
- unforeseen competitive developments,
- technological and other risks,
- unanticipated expenses,
- unforeseen delays and cost overruns, and
- engineering design changes.
If actual costs do materially exceed AT&T Consumer Services' and/or AT&T
Business Services' current estimates for these or other reasons, this would have
a material adverse effect on AT&T Consumer Services' and/or AT&T Business
Services' financial condition and results of operations.
AT&T Consumer Services' Potential Growth in its AT&T Worldnet High Speed
Service Combining Voice and Data Services Utilizing DSL Technology Involves
Technological, Marketing and Regulatory Hurdles and Requires Substantial Capital
Expenditures. AT&T Consumer Services' business plan will require substantial
capital expenditures in connection with its expansion into providing voice and
data services through DSL technology. The development of voice and data services
through DSL technology involves uncertainty relating to potential technological
hurdles, marketing success, regulatory and legislative requirements and
unforeseen costs. AT&T Consumer Services historically has not had to incur these
capital expenditures, and it may not be able to obtain sufficient capital on
favorable terms or at all. A failure to obtain capital could have a material
adverse effect on AT&T Consumer Services, and result in the delay, change or
abandonment of its development or expansion plans.
Substantially All of the Telephone Calls Made by Each of AT&T Consumer
Services' and AT&T Business Services' Customers are Connected Using Other
Companies' Networks, Including Those of Competitors, which Makes Competition
More Difficult for AT&T. AT&T Consumer Services principally is a long distance
voice telecommunications company. AT&T Consumer Services does not own or operate
any primary transmission facilities. Accordingly, it must route domestic and
international calls made by its customers over transmission facilities that it
obtains from AT&T Business Services. AT&T Business Services provides long
distance and, to a limited extent, local telecommunications over its own
transmission facilities. Because AT&T Business Services' network does not extend
to homes, both AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services must route
calls through a local telephone company to reach AT&T Business Services'
transmission facilities and, ultimately, to reach their final destinations.
In the United States, the providers of local telephone service generally
are the incumbent local exchange carriers, including the regional phone
companies. The permitted pricing of local transmission facilities that AT&T
Consumer Services and AT&T Business Services lease in the United States is
subject to legal uncertainties. In view of the proceedings pending before the
courts and regulatory authorities, there can be no assurance that the prices and
other conditions established in each state will provide for effective local
service entry and competition or provide AT&T Consumer Services with new market
opportunities. The effect of the most recent court decisions is to increase the
risks, costs, difficulties and uncertainty of entering local markets through
using the incumbent local exchange carriers' facilities and services.
AT&T Consumer Services Must Rely on AT&T Business Services' Ability to
Maintain, Upgrade and Reduce Costs Associated with the Core Network, Which May
Lead to Additional Costs. AT&T Consumer Services currently is dependent upon
AT&T Business Services for leased line capacity, data communications facilities,
traffic termination services and physical space for offices and equipment.
Although AT&T Consumer
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Services expects to enter into a service agreement with AT&T Business Services
for it to provide these services, if AT&T Business Services becomes unable to
provide its current level of services to AT&T Consumer Services during the term
of the service agreement or thereafter, AT&T Consumer Services may not be able
to find replacement service providers on a timely basis.
Failure to Develop Future Business Opportunities May have a Material
Adverse Effect on AT&T Consumer Services' Growth Potential. AT&T Consumer
Services intends to actively evaluate pursuing growth opportunities in providing
services through DSL technology, which involve new services for which there are
only limited proven markets. In addition, the ability to deploy and deliver
these services relies, in many instances, on new and unproven technology. AT&T
Consumer Services' DSL technology may not perform as expected and AT&T Consumer
Services may not be able to successfully develop new enabling systems to
effectively and economically deliver these services. In addition, these
opportunities require substantial capital outlays, currently estimated to be
approximately $1 billion over a three-year planning period, to deploy on the
planned scale, but subject to adjustment for change in competitive conditions
and market uncertainties. This capital may not be available to support these
services. Furthermore, each of these opportunities entails additional
operational risks. For example, the delivery of these services requires AT&T
Consumer Services to provide installation and maintenance services, which
services AT&T Consumer Services has never provided previously. This will require
AT&T Consumer Services to hire, employ, train and equip technicians to provide
installation and repair in each market served, or rely on subcontractors to
perform these services. AT&T Consumer Services may not be able to hire and train
sufficient numbers of qualified employees or subcontract these services, or do
so on economically attractive terms. These services may not be successful when
they are in place and customers may not purchase the services offered. AT&T
Consumer Services existing marketing channels may not be an effective way to
market these services. If these services are not successful or costs associated
with implementation and completion of the rollout of these services materially
exceed those currently estimated by AT&T Consumer Services, AT&T Consumer
Services' financial condition and prospects could be materially adversely
affected.
AT&T and British Telecommunications, plc, or BT, Have Agreed to Unwind
their Concert Global Joint Venture, Which May Adversely Affect AT&T Consumer
Services and AT&T Business Services. On October 16, 2001, AT&T and BT announced
that they had reached binding agreements to unwind their global joint venture
called Concert. The dissolution of Concert will be complicated, involve a large
number of steps and require the receipt of certain regulatory approvals. There
can be no assurance that it will be completed in the time frames that AT&T
currently expects or at all. In addition, the dissolution of Concert may lead to
unsatisfactory, noncompetitive or disrupted service to Concert's multinational
customers and there can be no assurance that AT&T Business Services will be able
to regain and retain its former multinational customers that it assigned to
Concert when the venture was formed. The dissolution of Concert may have a
material adverse effect on AT&T, AT&T Business Services and on AT&T Business
Services' ability to provide services internationally and to multinational
customers.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO AT&T BROADBAND SERVICES
Programming Costs Are Increasing and AT&T Broadband May Not Have the
Ability to Pass These Increases on to Its Customers, Which Would Materially
Adversely Affect Its Cash Flow and Operating Margins. Programming costs are
AT&T Broadband's largest single expense item. In recent years, the cable and
satellite video industries have experienced a rapid increase in the cost of
programming, particularly sports programming. This increase is expected to
continue, and AT&T Broadband may not be able to pass programming cost increases
on to its customers. The inability to pass these programming cost increases on
to its customers would have a material adverse impact on its cash flow and
operating margins. In addition, as AT&T Broadband upgrades the channel capacity
of its systems and adds programming to its basic, expanded basic and digital
programming tiers, AT&T Broadband may face increased programming costs, which,
in conjunction with the additional market constraints on its ability to pass
programming costs on to its customers, may reduce operating margins.
AT&T Broadband also will be subject to increasing financial and other
demands by broadcasters to obtain the required consent for the transmission of
broadcast programming to its subscribers. AT&T Broadband
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cannot predict the financial impact of these negotiations or the effect on AT&T
Broadband's subscribers should AT&T Broadband be required to stop offering this
programming.
AT&T Broadband Faces a Wide Range of Competition in Areas Served by its
Cable Systems, Which Could Adversely Affect its Future Results of
Operations. AT&T Broadband's cable communications systems compete with a number
of different sources which provide news, information and entertainment
programming to consumers. AT&T Broadband competes directly with program
distributors and other companies that use satellites, build competing cable
systems in the same communities AT&T Broadband serves or otherwise provide
programming and other communications services to AT&T Broadband's subscribers
and potential subscribers. In addition, federal law now allows local telephone
companies to provide directly to subscribers a wide variety of services that are
competitive with cable communications services. Some local telephone companies
provide, or have announced plans to provide, video services within and outside
their telephone service areas through a variety of methods, including broadband
cable networks, satellite program distribution and wireless transmission
facilities.
Additionally, AT&T Broadband is subject to competition from
telecommunications providers and ISPs in connection with offerings of new and
advanced services, including telecommunications and Internet services. This
competition may materially adversely affect AT&T Broadband's business and
operations in the future.
AT&T Broadband Has Substantial Capital Requirements Which May Require It to
Obtain Additional Financing That May be Difficult to Obtain. AT&T Broadband
expects that its capital expenditures will exceed, perhaps significantly, its
net cash provided by operations, which may require it to obtain additional
financing. Failure to obtain necessary financing could have a material adverse
effect on AT&T Broadband.
AT&T Broadband expects to upgrade a significant portion of its broadband
systems over the coming years and make other capital investments, including with
respect to its advanced services. AT&T Broadband is expected to incur
substantial capital expenditures in future years. The actual amount of the funds
required for capital expenditures may vary materially from management's
estimate. The majority of these amounts is expected to be used to acquire
equipment, such as set-top boxes, cable modems and telephone equipment, and to
pay for installation costs for additional video and advanced services customers.
In addition, capital is expected to be used to upgrade and rebuild network
systems to expand bandwidth capacity and add two-way capability so that it may
offer advanced services. There can be no assurance that these amounts will be
sufficient to accomplish the planned system upgrades, equipment acquisitions and
expansion.
AT&T Broadband also has commitments under certain of their franchise
agreements with local franchising authorities to upgrade and rebuild certain
network systems. These commitments may require capital expenditures in order to
avoid default and/or penalties.
Historically, AT&T Broadband's capital expenditures have significantly
exceeded its net cash provided by operations. For the years ended December 31,
2000 and 2001, AT&T Broadband's capital expenditures exceeded its net cash
provided by operations by $3.6 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively.
After completion of the AT&T Broadband transaction, AT&T Broadband expects
that for some period of time its capital expenditures will exceed, perhaps
significantly, its net cash provided by operating activities. This may require
AT&T Broadband to obtain additional financing. AT&T Broadband may not be able to
obtain or to obtain on favorable terms the capital necessary to fund the
substantial capital expenditures described above that are required by its
strategy and business plan. A failure to obtain necessary capital or to obtain
necessary capital on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on
AT&T Broadband and result in the delay, change or abandonment of AT&T
Broadband's development or expansion plans.
AT&T Broadband Entities Are Subject to Long-Term Exclusive Agreements that
May Limit Their Future Operating Flexibility and Materially Adversely Affect
AT&T Broadband's Financial Results. Entities currently attributed to AT&T
Broadband may be subject to long-term agreements relating to significant aspects
of AT&T Broadband's operations, including long-term agreements for video
programming, audio programming, electronic program guides, billing and other
services. For example, TCI Communications, Inc. and Satellite Services, Inc.,
both affiliates of TCI, are parties to an affiliation term sheet with Starz
Encore Group, an affiliate of Liberty Media, which extends to 2022 and provides
for a fixed price payment, subject to
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adjustment for various factors, including inflation, and may require AT&T
Broadband to pay two-thirds of Starz Encore Group's programming costs above
levels designated in the term sheet. Satellite Services, Inc. also entered into
a ten-year agreement with TV Guide in January 1999 for interactive program guide
services, which designates TV Guide Interactive as the interactive programming
guide for AT&T Broadband systems. Furthermore, a subsidiary of AT&T Broadband is
party to an agreement that does not expire until December 31, 2012 under which
it purchases certain billing services from an unaffiliated third party. The
price, terms and conditions of the Starz Encore term sheet, the TV Guide
agreement and the billing agreement may not reflect the current market and they
may materially adversely impact the financial performance of AT&T Broadband.
By letter dated May 29, 2001, AT&T Broadband disputed the enforceability of
the excess programming pass through provisions of the Starz Encore term sheet
and questioned the validity of the term sheet as a whole. AT&T Broadband also
has raised certain issues concerning the uncertainty of the provisions of the
term sheet and the contractual interpretation and application of certain of its
provisions to, among other things, the acquisition and disposition of cable
systems. In July 2001, Starz Encore Group filed suit seeking payment of the 2001
excess programming costs and a declaration that the term sheet is a binding and
enforceable contract. In October 2001, AT&T Broadband and Starz Encore agreed to
stay the litigation until August 31, 2002 to allow the parties time to continue
negotiations toward a potential business resolution of this dispute. The Court
granted the stay on October 30, 2001. The terms of the stay order allow either
party to petition the Court to lift the stay after April 30, 2002 and to proceed
with the litigation.
AT&T Broadband Is Subject to Regulation by Federal, State and Local
Governments Which May Impose Costs and Restrictions. The federal, state and
local governments extensively regulate the cable communications industry. AT&T
Broadband expects that court actions and regulatory proceedings will refine the
rights and obligations of various parties, including the government, under the
Communications Act of 1934, as amended. The results of these judicial and
administrative proceedings may materially affect AT&T Broadband's business
operations. Local authorities grant AT&T Broadband franchises that permit them
to operate their cable systems. AT&T Broadband will have to renew or renegotiate
these franchises from time to time. Local franchising authorities often demand
concessions or other commitments as a condition to renewal or transfer, which
concessions or other commitments could be costly to obtain.
AT&T Broadband Will Be Subject to Additional Regulatory Burdens in
Connection With the Provision of Telecommunications Services, Which Could Cause
It to Incur Additional Costs. AT&T Broadband will be subject to risks
associated with the regulation of its telecommunications services by the FCC and
state public utilities commissions, or PUCs. Telecommunications companies,
including companies that have the ability to offer telephone services over the
Internet, generally are subject to significant regulation. This regulation could
materially adversely affect AT&T Broadband's business operations.
AT&T Broadband's Competition May Increase Because of Technological Advances
and New Regulatory Requirements, Which Could Adversely Affect its Future Results
of Operations. Over the past several years, a number of companies, including
telephone companies and Internet Service Providers, commonly known as ISPs, have
asked local, state and federal government authorities to mandate that cable
communications operators provide capacity on their broadband infrastructure so
that these companies and others may deliver Internet and other interactive
television services directly to customers over these cable facilities. Some
cable operators, including AT&T Broadband, have initiated litigation challenging
municipal efforts to unilaterally impose so-called "open access" requirements.
The few court decisions dealing with this issue have been inconsistent. The FCC
recently initiated a regulatory proceeding to consider "open access" and related
regulatory issues, and in connection with its review of the AOL-Time Warner
merger, imposed, together with the Federal Trade Commission, "open access,"
technical performance and other requirements related to the merged company's
Internet and Instant Messaging platforms. Whether the policy framework reflected
in these agencies' merger reviews will be imposed on an industry-wide basis or
in connection with the AT&T Comcast transaction is uncertain. In addition,
numerous companies, including telephone companies, have introduced Digital
Subscriber Line technology, known as DSL, which will allow Internet access to
subscribers at data transmission speeds equal to or greater than that of modems
over conventional telephone lines.
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AT&T Broadband expects other advances in communications technology, as well
as changes in the marketplace and the regulatory and legislative environment, to
occur in the future. Other new technologies and services may develop and may
compete with services that cable communications systems offer. The success of
these ongoing and future developments could have a negative impact on AT&T
Broadband's business and operations.
AT&T Broadband Has Substantial Economic Interests in Joint Ventures in
Which It Will Have Limited Management Rights. AT&T Broadband is a partner in
several large joint ventures, such as Time Warner Entertainment, Texas Cable
Partners and Kansas City Cable Partners, in which it has a substantial economic
interest but does not have substantial control with regard to management
policies or the selection of management. These joint ventures may be managed in
a manner contrary to the best interests of AT&T Broadband, and the value of AT&T
Broadband's investment in these joint ventures may be affected by management
policies that are determined without input from AT&T Broadband or over the
objections of AT&T Broadband.
AT&T Broadband May Be Subject to Lawsuits or Other Losses Arising From Its
and AT&T's Relationship with At Home Corporation. Through a subsidiary, AT&T
owns approximately 23% of the outstanding common stock and 74% of the voting
power of the outstanding common stock of At Home Corporation, which filed for
bankruptcy protection on September 28, 2001. Until October 1, 2001, AT&T
appointed a majority of At Home's directors and it now appoints none.
Since September 28, 2001 some creditors of At Home have threatened to
commence litigation against AT&T relating to the conduct of AT&T or its
designees on the At Home board in connection with At Home's declaration of
bankruptcy and At Home's subsequent aborted efforts to dispose of some of its
businesses or assets in a bankruptcy-court-supervised auction, as well as in
connection with other aspects of AT&T's relationship with At Home. The liability
for any such suits would be shared equally between AT&T and AT&T Broadband. No
such lawsuits have been filed to date. However, on or about January 25, 2002, At
Home filed a draft proposed chapter 11 plan of liquidation, which, among other
things, provides that all claims and causes of action of the bankrupt estate of
At Home against third persons shall be transferred for prosecution to a limited
liability company owned ratably by the creditors of At Home and funded with an
as-yet undetermined dollar amount to finance the litigation of those claims. A
schedule for finalizing and seeking approval of the joint plan has not yet been
determined.
In addition, purported class action lawsuits have been filed in California
state court on behalf of At Home stockholders against AT&T, At Home, the
directors of At Home, Cox and Comcast. The lawsuits claim that the defendants
breached fiduciary obligations of care, candor and loyalty in connection with a
transaction announced in March 2000 in which, among other things, AT&T, Cox and
Comcast agreed to extend existing distribution agreements, the Board of
Directors of At Home was reorganized, and AT&T agreed to give Cox and Comcast
rights to sell their At Home shares to AT&T. These actions have been
consolidated by the court and are subject to a stay. The liability for any such
suits would be shared equally between AT&T and AT&T Broadband.
In March 2002 a purported class action was filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York against, inter alia, AT&T
and certain of its senior officers alleging violations of the federal securities
law in connection with the disclosures made by At Home in the period from April
17 through August 28, 2001. Any liabilities resulting from this suit would be
shared equally between AT&T and AT&T Broadband.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO AT&T'S RESTRUCTURING PLAN AND THE AT&T
COMCAST TRANSACTION
AT&T Corp.'s restructuring plan and the AT&T Comcast transaction require
fundamental changes to our businesses that may be hard to implement. If we
complete our restructuring plan and the AT&T Comcast transaction, each of our
businesses will need to make changes in its operations that will require
substantial effort and involve substantial risks and costs. If any of these
businesses is unable to make this transition smoothly or is not able to operate
as effectively afterward, the financial position and results of operations of
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that business could suffer and cause the trading value of securities intended to
reflect the financial performance and economic value of that business to decline
materially.
The total value of the securities issued in our restructuring plan and
pursuant to the AT&T Comcast transaction might be less than the value of AT&T
common stock without such actions. If we complete our restructuring plan and
the AT&T Comcast transaction as we currently contemplate, holders of AT&T common
stock who do not dispose of their shares of AT&T common stock eventually will
receive securities issued by or intended to reflect the financial performance
and economic value of three businesses: AT&T Business Services, AT&T Consumer
Services, and AT&T Comcast. The aggregate value of these shares could be less
than what the value of AT&T common stock would be without such actions. The
trading price of AT&T common stock may decline as a result of the implementation
of these actions or as a result of other factors.
If we complete the restructuring and the AT&T Comcast transaction, these
new securities will begin trading publicly for the first time. Until orderly
trading markets develop for each of these new securities, and after that time as
well, there may be significant fluctuations in price. Also, we have not yet
determined many of the details of AT&T's restructuring plan and these details
could materially adversely impact the value of AT&T common stock.
If we do not complete AT&T's restructuring plan and the AT&T Comcast
transaction as we plan, there may be adverse consequences to AT&T. AT&T's
restructuring plan is complicated, and involves a substantial number of steps
and transactions. In addition, the AT&T Comcast transaction is subject to a
number of conditions and contingencies. The implementation of AT&T's
restructuring plan and the completion of the AT&T/Comcast transaction will
require various approvals and be subject to various conditions, including IRS
rulings. If we are unable to complete AT&T's restructuring plan or the
AT&T/Comcast transaction as we expect, this could have a material adverse effect
on AT&T, its business or the trading prices of its securities. AT&T's
restructuring plan or the AT&T/Comcast merger may not occur as we currently
expect or in the time frames that we currently contemplate, or at all.
Alternative forms of restructuring, including sales of interests in these
businesses, would reduce what is available for distribution to shareholders in
the restructuring.
AT&T's restructuring and the AT&T Broadband spin-off may adversely impact
AT&T's competitive position. If the AT&T Comcast transaction is completed, AT&T
and AT&T Comcast will compete in some markets. Competition between AT&T's and
AT&T Comcast's business units in overlapping markets, including consumer markets
where cable, telephone and digital subscriber lines, or DSL, solutions may be
available at the same time, could result in material downward price pressure on
product or service offerings which could materially adversely impact the
companies. In addition, any incremental costs associated with operating as
separate entities may materially adversely affect the different businesses and
companies and their competitive positions. Synergies resulting from cooperation
and joint ownership among AT&T's businesses may be lost due to the proposed
transactions.
AT&T Will Have to Abide By Potentially Significant Restrictions to Preserve
the Tax Treatment of the AT&T Comcast Transaction. Because of the restrictions
imposed by Section 355(e) of the Code and by the separation and distribution
agreement, the ability of AT&T to engage in certain acquisitions, redeem stock
or issue equity securities will be limited for a period of 25 months following
the AT&T Broadband spin-off. These restrictions may limit the ability of AT&T to
engage in certain business transactions that otherwise might be advantageous to
AT&T shareholders.
The AT&T Comcast Transaction is Conditioned on AT&T Obtaining Consents
Under a Substantial Amount of Indebtedness, Which May Involve Material Costs and
May Be Difficult to Complete. The AT&T Comcast transaction is conditioned on
AT&T's obtaining Note Consents, as described below, or having defeased,
purchased, exchanged or acquired debt, in respect of series representing at
least 90% in aggregate principal amount of the securities issued under the AT&T
indenture, dated September 7, 1990, and outstanding as of December 19, 2001. At
December 19, 2001, there was approximately $12.7 billion in aggregate principal
amount which was subject to this condition. "Note Consent" means, with respect
to any series of securities issued under the indenture, the consent to the
transactions contemplated by the separation and distribution agreement of the
holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of such series to
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the AT&T Broadband spin-off under a substantial portion of AT&T's long-term
indebtedness. AT&T may seek to obtain these consents through a variety of
measures. Although AT&T Comcast has agreed to bear a portion of the related
costs, the consent process and any related transaction may result in increased
costs for, and additional covenants imposed upon, AT&T. In addition, the consent
process itself involves a number of uncertainties and AT&T may not be able to
complete it on a timely basis on commercially reasonable terms. AT&T and Comcast
are exploring a variety of alternatives to satisfy this condition, including the
possibility of offering to exchange new bonds of AT&T Broadband for one or more
series of AT&T's existing long-term debt. To the extent any bonds were so
exchanged, there would be an appropriate reduction in the amount of intercompany
indebtedness AT&T Broadband would be required to repay to AT&T at the closing.
AT&T and Comcast could mutually agree to waive this condition with respect to a
portion of any indebtedness for which consents are not obtained. If the event
that AT&T and Comcast do elect to waive the condition with respect to any
portion of this indebtedness, if the holders were to assert successfully that
completing the separation without their consents results in default under the
indebtedness, AT&T would be required to refinance the indebtedness. Depending on
the amount of such indebtedness, this could have a material adverse effect on
AT&T and its financial condition.
If the AT&T Comcast Transaction is Completed, AT&T Will Need to Obtain
Financing on a Stand-Alone Basis, which may involve costs. Following the AT&T
Comcast transaction, AT&T will have to raise financing with the support of a
reduced pool of less diversified assets, and AT&T may not be able to secure
adequate debt or equity financing on desirable terms. The cost to AT&T of
financing without AT&T Broadband may be materially higher than the cost of
financing with AT&T Broadband as part of AT&T.
AT&T's current long-term/short-term debt ratings are A-3/P-2 by Moody's,
BBB+/A-2 by Standard & Poor's, and A-/F-2 by Fitch. All long-term ratings are
under further review for further downgrade. The short-term ratings are not under
review. The credit rating of AT&T following the AT&T Comcast transaction may be
different than the historical ratings of AT&T and different from what it would
be without the AT&T Comcast transaction. Differences in credit ratings affect
the interest rate charged on financings, as well as the amounts of indebtedness,
types of financing structures and debt markets that may be available to AT&T
following the AT&T Comcast transaction. AT&T may not be able to raise the
capital it requires on favorable terms following the AT&T Comcast transaction.
AT&T Could Incur Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Liabilities in Connection
with the AT&T Comcast Transaction. AT&T may incur material U.S. federal income
tax liabilities as a result of certain issuances of shares or change of control
transactions with respect to AT&T Comcast, Liberty Media Corporation or AT&T
Wireless Services, Inc. Under Section 355(e) of the Code, a split-off/spin-off
that is otherwise tax free may be taxable to the distributing company (i.e.,
AT&T) if, as a result of certain transactions occurring generally within a
two-year period after the split-off/spin-off, non-historic shareholders acquire
50% or more of the distributing company or the spun-off company. It is possible
that transactions with respect to AT&T could cause all three split-offs or
spin-offs to be taxable to AT&T.
Under separate intercompany agreements between AT&T and each of Liberty
Media Corporation, AT&T Wireless and AT&T Broadband Corp., AT&T generally will
be entitled to indemnification from the spun-off company for any tax liability
that results from the split-off or spin-off failing to qualify as a tax-free
transaction, unless, in the case of AT&T Wireless and AT&T Comcast, the tax
liability was caused by post split-off or spin-off transactions with respect to
the stock or assets of AT&T. AT&T Comcast's indemnification obligation is
generally limited to 50% of any tax liability that results from the split-off or
spin-off failing to qualify as tax free, unless such liability was caused by a
post split-off or spin-off transaction with respect to the stock or assets of
AT&T Comcast.
If one or more of the split-offs or spin-offs were taxable to AT&T and AT&T
were not indemnified for this tax liability, the liability could have a material
adverse effect on AT&T. To the extent AT&T is entitled to an indemnity with
respect to the tax liability, AT&T would be required to collect the claim on an
unsecured basis.
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SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO AT&T'S CREDIT RATING AND OTHER MATTERS
The Financial Condition and Prospects of AT&T May be Materially Adversely
Affected by Further Ratings Downgrades. In the fall of 2001, all of AT&T's
long-term debt ratings were reduced and remain under review for further
downgrade. AT&T's current long-term ratings are A3 by Moody's, BBB+ by Standard
& Poor's, and A- by Fitch. In addition, all three of AT&T's short-term debt
ratings were reduced in the fall of 2001, but are not under further review.
These ratings are currently P-2 by Moody's, A-2 by Standard and Poor's, and F-2
by Fitch. Further ratings actions could occur at any time. As a result, the cost
of any new financings may be higher. Ratings downgrades by Moody's and Standard
& Poor's on the $10 billion AT&T global notes issued November 2001 would also
trigger an increase in the interest rate, by 25 basis points for each rating
notch downgraded, on these notes. Furthermore, with additional ratings
downgrades, AT&T may not have access to the commercial paper market sufficient
to satisfy its short-term borrowing needs. If necessary, AT&T could access its
short-term credit facilities which currently expire in December 2002 or increase
its borrowings under its securitization program.
In addition, AT&T's $10 billion global offering includes provisions that
would allow investors to require AT&T to repurchase the notes under certain
conditions. These conditions will be evaluated at the time of notification to
bondholders of the intention to separate Broadband and include a maximum
adjusted debt to EBITDA ratio (adjusted) for pro forma AT&T excluding AT&T
Broadband of no more than 2.75 times at specified times and a minimum rating of
these notes of no lower than Baa3 from Moody's and BBB- from Standard and
Poor's. If the ratings are Baa3 or BBB-, the minimum rating requirement will be
satisfied if the ratings are not under review for downgrade or on CreditWatch
with negative implications, respectively. If AT&T is required to repurchase the
notes, it may not be able to obtain sufficient financing in the timeframe
required. In addition, such replacement financing may be more costly or have
additional covenants than current debt.
To the extent that the combined outstanding short-term borrowings under the
bank credit facilities and AT&T's commercial paper program were to exceed the
market capacity for such borrowings at the expiration of the bank credit
facilities, AT&T's continued liquidity would depend upon its ability to reduce
such short-term debt through a combination of capital market borrowings, asset
sales, operational cash generation, capital expenditure reduction and other
means. AT&T's ability to achieve such objectives is subject to a risk of
execution and such execution could materially impact AT&T's operational results.
In addition, the cost of any capital market financing could be significantly in
excess of AT&T's historical financing costs. Also, AT&T could suffer negative
banking, investor, and public relations repercussions if AT&T were to draw upon
the bank facilities, which are intended to serve as a back-up source of
liquidity only. Such impacts could cause further deterioration in AT&T's cost of
and access to capital.
AT&T's labor agreements expire in May 2002. At December 31, 2001 AT&T
employed approximately 117,800 persons. About 27% of the domestically located
employees of AT&T are represented by unions. Of those so represented, about 94%
are represented by the Communications Workers of America (CWA) and about 5% by
the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), both of which are
affiliated with the AFL-CIO. Approximately 90% of these union employees are in
AT&T Business Services or AT&T Consumer Services operations. Approximately
one-third of AT&T Business Services employees are represented by unions and
approximately three-fourths of AT&T Consumer Services employees are represented
by unions.
AT&T's labor agreements with the CWA and IBEW extend through May 11, 2002.
AT&T began formal negotiations with these unions for new labor agreements in
March 2002. Formal negotiations became necessary after the unions rejected in
February 2002 an offer made by AT&T to extend the current contracts for up to 18
months.
AT&T cannot predict the outcome of these negotiations. AT&T may be unable
to reach an agreement with these unions prior to the expiration of the labor
agreements. Union employees may take labor actions, including work stoppages or
work slowdowns, which could cause material disruptions to AT&T's ability to
provide services and prove costly to AT&T, including as a result of supporting
service delivery through the use of contractor resources. In addition, new labor
agreements may impose significant new costs on AT&T, which could impair its
financial condition and results of operations in the future.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements within the
meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to:
- AT&T's restructuring plan, including the AT&T Comcast transaction,
- financial condition,
- results of operations,
- cash flows,
- dividends,
- financing plans,
- business strategies,
- operating efficiencies or synergies,
- budgets,
- capital and other expenditures,
- network build-out and upgrade,
- competitive positions,
- availability of capital,
- growth opportunities for existing products,
- benefits from new technologies,
- availability and deployment of new technologies,
- plans and objectives of management, and
- other matters.
Statements in this Form 10-K that are not historical facts are hereby
identified as "forward looking statements" for the purpose of the safe harbor
provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Any Form 10-K, Annual Report to Shareholders,
Form 10-Q or Form 8-K of AT&T may include forward looking statements. In
addition, other written or oral statements which constitute forward looking
statements have been made and may in the future be made by or on behalf of AT&T,
including, without limitation, those relating to the future business prospects,
revenues, working capital, liquidity, capital needs, network build out, interest
costs and income. These forward looking statements are necessarily estimates
reflecting the best judgment of senior management that rely on a number of
assumptions concerning future events, many of which are outside of AT&T's
control, and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking
statements. These forward-looking statements should, therefore, be considered in
light of various important factors, including those set forth in this Form 10-K.
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from
estimates or projections contained in the forward-looking statements include,
without limitation:
- the risks associated with the implementation of AT&T's restructuring plan
and the AT&T Comcast transaction, which are complicated and involve a
substantial number of different transactions each with separate
conditions, any or all of which may not occur as AT&T currently intends,
or which may not occur in the timeframe AT&T currently expects,
- the risks associated with each of AT&T's main business units, operating
as independent entities as opposed to as part of an integrated
telecommunications provider following completion of AT&T's restructuring
plan, including the inability of these s to rely on the financial and
operational resources of the combined company and these s having to
provide services that were previously provided by a different part of the
combined company,
- the impact of existing and new competitors in the markets in which these
compete, including competitors that may offer less expensive products and
services, desirable or innovative products, technological substitutes, or
have extensive resources or better financing,
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- the impact of oversupply of capacity resulting from excessive deployment
of network capacity,
- the ongoing global and domestic trend towards consolidation in the
telecommunications industry, which may have the effect of making the
competitors of these entities larger and better financed and afford these
competitors with extensive resources and greater geographic reach,
allowing them to compete more effectively,
- the effects of vigorous competition in the markets in which the company
operates, which may decrease prices charged, increase churn and change
customer mix, profitability and average revenue per user,
- the ability to enter into agreements to provide, and the cost of entering
new markets necessary to provide, services,
- the ability to establish a significant market presence in new geographic
and service markets,
- the availability and cost of capital and the consequences of increased
leverage,
- the successful execution of plans to dispose of non-strategic assets as
part of an overall corporate deleveraging plan,
- the impact of any unusual items resulting from ongoing evaluations of the
business strategies of the company,
- the requirements imposed on the company or latitude allowed to
competitors by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or state
regulatory commissions under the Telecommunications Act of 1996 or other
applicable laws and regulations,
- the risks associated with technological requirements, technology
substitution and changes and other technological developments,
- the results of litigation filed or to be filed against the company,
- the possibility of one or more of the markets in which the company
competes being impacted by changes in political, economic or other
factors, such as monetary policy, legal and regulatory changes or other
external factors over which these s have no control, and
- the risks related to AT&T's joint ventures.
The words "estimate," "project," "intend," "expect," "believe," "plan" and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which speak only as of the date of this document. Moreover, in the future, AT&T,
through its senior management, may make forward-looking statements about the
matters described in this document or other matters concerning AT&T.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The properties of AT&T Corp. consist primarily of plant and equipment used
to provide long distance and local telecommunications services as well as
broadband cable services. AT&T properties also include administrative office
buildings. AT&T owns and leases properties to support its offices, facilities
and equipment.
Telecommunications plant and equipment consists of: central office
equipment, including switching and transmission equipment; connecting lines
(cables, wires, poles, conduits, etc.); land and buildings; and miscellaneous
properties (work equipment, furniture, plant under construction, etc.). The
majority of the connecting lines are on or under public roads, highways and
streets and international and territorial waters. The remainder are on or under
private property. Physical cable television (broadband) properties, which are
located throughout the United States, consist of system components, motor
vehicles, miscellaneous hardware, spare parts and other components. AT&T also
operates a number of sales offices, customer care centers, and other facilities,
such as research and development laboratories.
AT&T continues to manage the deployment and utilization of its assets in
order to meet its global growth objectives while at the same time ensuring that
these assets are generating value for the shareholder. AT&T will continue to
manage its asset base consistent with globalization initiatives, marketplace
forces, productivity growth and technology change.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the normal course of business, AT&T Corp. is subject to proceedings,
lawsuits and other claims, including proceedings under government laws and
regulations related to environmental and other matters. Such matters are subject
to many uncertainties and outcomes are not predictable with assurance.
Consequently, AT&T Corp. is unable to ascertain the ultimate aggregate amount of
monetary liability or financial impact with respect to these matters at December
31, 2001. While these matters could affect operating results of any one quarter
when resolved in future periods, it is management's opinion that after final
disposition, any monetary liability or financial impact to AT&T Corp. beyond
that provided for at year-end would not be material to AT&T Corp.'s annual
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
The Company has been named as a defendant in several purported securities
class action lawsuits filed in the United States District Courts for the
District of New Jersey and for the Southern District of New York purportedly
filed on behalf of persons who purchased securities of the Company for various
periods from October 25, 1999 through May 1, 2000. These lawsuits assert claims
under Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 10(b)
and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and allege, among
other things, that during the period referenced above, the Company made
materially false and misleading statements and omitted to state material facts
concerning its future business prospects. The complaints seek unspecified
damages. The Company believes that the lawsuits are without merit and intends to
defend them vigorously.
In February 2002, certain shareholders of Comcast and AT&T initiated two
purported class actions in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of
New York, against Comcast, AT&T, and AT&T Comcast, alleging that the initial
term of office of the directors of AT&T Comcast violates section 1724 of the
Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law regarding the term of office of directors
of non-classified boards. The plaintiffs seek among other relief compensatory
damages, fees and expenses, and an order enjoining completion of the mergers. On
February 28, 2002, the two actions were consolidated under the caption Norman
Salsitz, Michael Grening, IRA, Samual Mayer and Sam Weitschner v. Comcast
Corporation, AT&T Corp., and AT&T Comcast Corporation, Index No. 2002-600659,
before Justice Helen E. Freedman. On March 14, 2002, the defendants served
papers in support of a motion to dismiss the consolidated action for failure to
state a cause of action. The plaintiffs' response to the motion to dismiss is
due March 28, 2002, and the defendants' reply is due on April 4, 2002. Argument
on the motion is scheduled for April 8, 2002. The companies believe that the
consolidated action is without merit and intend to contest the action
vigorously.
In the normal course of business, AT&T Broadband is subject to proceedings,
lawsuits and other claims, including proceedings under government laws and
regulations related to environmental and other matters. Such matters are subject
to many uncertainties and outcomes are not predictable with assurance.
Consequently, AT&T Broadband is unable to ascertain the ultimate aggregate
amount of monetary liability or financial impact with respect to these matters
at December 31, 2001. While these matters could affect operating results of any
one quarter when resolved in future periods, it is management's opinion that
after final disposition, any monetary liability or financial impact to AT&T
Broadband beyond that provided for at year-end would not be material to AT&T
Broadband's annual consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Through a subsidiary, AT&T owns approximately 23% of the outstanding common
stock and 74% of the voting power of the outstanding common stock of At Home
Corporation, which filed for bankruptcy protection on September 28, 2001. Until
October 1, 2001, AT&T appointed a majority of At Home's directors and it now
appoints none. Since September 28, 2001 some creditors of At Home have
threatened to commence litigation against AT&T relating to the conduct of AT&T
or its designees on the At Home board in connection with At Home's declaration
of bankruptcy and At Home's subsequent aborted efforts to dispose of some of its
businesses or assets in a bankruptcy-court-supervised auction, as well as in
connection with other aspects of AT&T's relationship with At Home. The liability
for any such suits would be shared equally between AT&T and AT&T Broadband. No
such lawsuits have been filed to date. However, on or about January 25, 2002, At
Home filed a draft proposed chapter 11 plan of liquidation, which, among other
things, provides that all claims and causes of action of the bankrupt estate of
At Home against third persons shall be transferred for prosecution to a limited
liability company owned ratably by the creditors of At Home and funded with an
as-
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yet undetermined dollar amount to finance the litigation of those claims. A
schedule for finalizing and seeking approval of the joint plan has not yet been
determined. In addition, purported class action lawsuits have been filed in
California state court on behalf of At Home stockholders against AT&T, At Home,
the directors of At Home, Cox and Comcast. The lawsuits claim that the
defendants breached fiduciary obligations of care, candor and loyalty in
connection with a transaction announced in March 2000 in which, among other
things, AT&T, Cox and Comcast agreed to extend existing distribution agreements,
the Board of Directors of At Home was reorganized, and AT&T agreed to give Cox
and Comcast rights to sell their At Home shares to AT&T. These actions have been
consolidated by the court and are subject to a stay. The liability for any such
suits would be shared equally between AT&T and AT&T Broadband. In March 2002 a
purported class action was filed in the United States District Court for the
Southern District of New York against, inter alia, AT&T and certain of its
senior officers alleging violations of the federal securities law in connection
with the disclosures made by At Home in the period from April 17 through August
28, 2001. Any liabilities resulting from this suit would be shared equally
between AT&T and AT&T Broadband.
In July 1997, AT&T Broadband's predecessor, TCI, and AT&T Broadband's
subsidiary, Satellite Services, Inc., entered into a 25-year affiliation term
sheet with Starz Encore Group (formerly Encore Media Group), pursuant to which
AT&T Broadband may be obligated to make fixed monthly payments in exchange for
unlimited access to Encore and Starz! programming. The commitment increases
annually from $288 million in 2001 to $315 million in 2003, and will increase
annually through 2022 with inflation. The affiliation term sheet further
provides that to the extent Starz Encore Group's programming costs increase
above certain levels, AT&T Broadband payments under the term sheet will be
increased in proportion to the excess. Excess programming costs that may be
payable by AT&T Broadband in future years are not presently estimable, and could
be significant. By letter dated May 29, 2001, AT&T Broadband disputed the
enforceability of the excess programming pass through provisions of the term
sheet and questioned the validity of the term sheet as a whole. AT&T Broadband
also raised certain issues concerning the uncertainty of the provisions of the
term sheet and the contractual interpretation and application of certain of its
provisions to, among other things, the acquisition and disposition of cable
systems. In July 2001, Starz Encore Group filed suit seeking payment of the 2001
excess programming costs and a declaration that the term sheet is a binding and
enforceable contract. In October 2001, AT&T Broadband and Starz Encore Group
agreed to stay the litigation until August 31, 2002 to allow the parties time to
continue negotiations toward a potential business resolution of this dispute.
The Court granted the stay on October 30, 2001. The terms of the stay order
allow either party to petition the Court to lift the stay after April 30, 2002
and to proceed with the litigation.
There is one environmental proceeding known to be contemplated by a
government authority that is required to be reported pursuant to Instruction
5.C. of Item 103 of Regulation S-K. The U.S. Department of Justice has notified
AT&T Corp. that it intends to seek a civil penalty, in an amount not yet
specified but which could exceed the $100,000 threshold in Instruction 5.C., in
connection with the construction in 1999 of a breakwater in St. Thomas, U.S.
Virgin Islands, without a federal permit.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY-HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders in the fourth quarter
of the fiscal year covered by this report.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
AT&T (ticker symbol "T") is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, as well
as the Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, Pacific and Philadelphia exchanges in the
United States, and on the Euronext-Paris and the IDR (International Depository
Receipt) in Brussels as well as the London and Geneva stock exchanges. As of
December 31, 2001, AT&T had approximately 3.5 billion shares outstanding, held
by more than 4.5 million shareowners.
For additional information about the market price and dividends related to
the Company's common equity, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements included in Item 8 to this Annual Report.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SIX-YEAR SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS (EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<Table>
<Caption>
2001 2000(1) 1999(2) 1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- -------- ------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND EARNINGS
PER SHARE
Revenue............................. $ 52,550 $ 55,533 $ 54,973 $47,817 $ 46,910 $ 46,442
Operating income.................... 3,754 4,228 11,458 7,632 6,835 8,341
Income from continuing operations... (6,842) 4,133 3,861 5,052 4,088 5,064
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
AT&T Common Stock Group:
(Loss) income..................... (4,131) 2,645 5,883 5,052 4,088 5,064
(Loss) earnings per basic share... (1.33) 0.76 1.91 1.89 1.53 1.92
(Loss) earnings per diluted
share.......................... (1.33) 0.75 1.87 1.87 1.53 1.92
Dividends declared per share...... 0.15 0.6975 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88
Liberty Media Group:(3)
(Loss) income..................... (2,711) 1,488 (2,022) -- -- --
(Loss) earnings per basic and
diluted share.................. (1.05) 0.58 (0.80) -- -- --
ASSETS AND CAPITAL
Property, plant and equipment,
net............................... $ 41,322 $ 41,269 $ 33,366 $21,780 $ 19,177 $ 16,871
Total assets -- continuing
operations........................ 165,282 207,136 146,094 40,134 41,029 38,229
Total assets........................ 165,282 234,360 163,457 54,185 55,797 52,265
Long-term debt...................... 40,527 33,089 23,214 5,555 7,840 8,861
Total debt.......................... 53,485 64,927 35,694 6,638 11,895 11,334
Mandatorily redeemable preferred
securities........................ 2,400 2,380 1,626 -- -- --
Shareowners' equity................. 51,680 103,198 78,927 25,522 23,678 21,092
Debt ratio(4)....................... 47.7% 57.2% 54.3% 36.7% 57.2% 61.6%
Gross capital expenditures.......... 8,388 10,462 11,194 6,871 6,065 5,263
OTHER INFORMATION
Operating income as a percent of
revenue........................... 7.1% 7.6% 20.8% 16.0% 14.6% 18.0%
Income from continuing operations
attributable to AT&T Common Stock
Group as a percent of revenue..... NMF(5) 4.8% 10.7% 10.6% 8.7% 10.9%
Return on average common
equity(6)......................... 14.7% 5.5% 15.2% 25.3% 19.7% 27.3%
Employees -- continuing
operations(6)..................... 117,800 136,800 129,500 94,500 116,800 117,100
AT&T year-end stock price per
share(7).......................... 18.14 13.40 39.46 39.22 31.74 21.42
</Table>
- ---------------
(1) AT&T Common Stock Group continuing operations results exclude Liberty Media
Group (LMG). In addition, on June 15, 2000, AT&T completed the acquisition
of MediaOne Group, Inc.
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(2) In connection with the March 9, 1999, merger with Tele-Communications, Inc.,
AT&T issued separate tracking stock for LMG. LMG was accounted for as an
equity investment prior to its split-off from AT&T on August 10, 2001.
(3) No dividends had been declared for LMG tracking stocks.
(4) Debt ratio reflects debt from continuing operations as a percent of total
capital (debt plus equity, excluding LMG and AT&T Wireless Group). For
purposes of this calculation, equity includes convertible quarterly trust
preferred securities as well as redeemable preferred stock of subsidiary.
(5) Not meaningful measure as in 2001 there was a loss from continuing
operations attributable to AT&T Common Stock Group.
(6) Data provided excludes LMG. 2001 return on average common equity calculation
includes a gain on the disposition of discontinued operations of $13.5
billion. Excluding this gain, the return on average common equity would be
(7.0%).
(7) Stock prices for 1996-2000 have been restated to reflect the split-off of
AT&T Wireless Group.
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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
AT&T Corp. (AT&T or the company) is among the world's communications
leaders, providing voice, data and video communications services to large and
small businesses, consumers and government agencies. We provide domestic and
international long distance, regional and local communications services, cable
(broadband) television and Internet communication services.
RESTRUCTURING OF AT&T
On October 25, 2000, AT&T announced a restructuring plan designed to fully
separate or issue separately tracked stocks intended to reflect the financial
performance and economic value of each of AT&T's four major operating units.
On December 19, 2001, AT&T and Comcast Corporation (Comcast) announced an
agreement to combine AT&T Broadband with Comcast. Under the terms of the
agreement, AT&T will spin-off AT&T Broadband and simultaneously merge it with
Comcast, forming a new company to be called AT&T Comcast Corporation (AT&T
Comcast). AT&T shareowners will receive a number of shares of AT&T Comcast
common stock based on an exchange ratio calculated pursuant to a formula
specified in the merger agreement. If determined as of the date of the merger
agreement, the exchange ratio would have been approximately 0.34, assuming the
AT&T shares held by Comcast are included in the number of shares of AT&T common
stock outstanding. Assuming Comcast retains its AT&T shares and converts them
into exchangeable preferred stock of AT&T as contemplated by the merger
agreement, the exchange ratio would be approximately 0.35. AT&T shareowners will
own a 56% economic stake and an approximate 66% voting interest in the new
company, calculated as of the date of the merger agreement. The merger of AT&T
Broadband and Comcast is subject to regulatory review, approval by both
companies' shareowners and certain other conditions, and is expected to close by
the end of 2002. AT&T also intends to proceed with the creation of a tracking
stock for its AT&T Consumer Services business, which is expected to be
distributed to AT&T shareowners following shareowner approval in 2002. On
February 11, 2002, the company filed a preliminary proxy with the SEC, seeking
shareowner approval of the AT&T Broadband and Comcast merger, and the creation
of the AT&T Consumer Services tracking stock, among other things.
These restructuring activities are complicated and involve a substantial
number of steps and transactions, including obtaining various approvals, such as
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rulings. AT&T anticipates, however, that the
transactions associated with AT&T's restructuring plan will be tax-free to U.S.
shareowners. Future financial conditions, superior alternatives or other factors
may arise or occur that make it inadvisable to proceed with part or all of
AT&T's restructuring plans. Any or all of the elements of AT&T's restructuring
plan may not occur as we currently expect or in the time frames that we
currently contemplate, or at all. Alternative forms of restructuring, including
sales of interests in these businesses, would reduce what is available for
distribution to AT&T shareowners in the restructuring.
On May 25, 2001, AT&T completed an exchange offer of AT&T common stock for
AT&T Wireless stock. Under the terms of the exchange offer, AT&T issued 1.176
shares of AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock in exchange for each share of AT&T
common stock validly tendered. A total of 372.2 million shares of AT&T common
stock were tendered in exchange for 437.7 million shares of AT&T Wireless Group
tracking stock. In conjunction with the exchange offer, AT&T recorded an $80
premium as a reduction to net income available to common shareowners. The
premium represents the excess of the fair value of the AT&T Wireless Group
tracking stock issued over the fair value of the AT&T common stock exchanged.
On July 9, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of AT&T Wireless as a
separate, independently traded company. All AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock
was converted into AT&T Wireless common stock on a one-for-one basis and 1,136
million shares of AT&T Wireless common stock held by AT&T were distributed to
AT&T common shareowners on a basis of 0.3218 of a share of AT&T Wireless for
each AT&T share outstanding. AT&T common shareowners received whole shares of
AT&T Wireless and cash payments for fractional shares. The IRS ruled that the
transaction qualified as tax-free for AT&T and its shareowners for
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U.S. federal income tax purposes, with the exception of cash received for
fractional shares. For accounting purposes, the deemed effective split-off date
was June 30, 2001. At the time of split-off, AT&T retained approximately $3
billion, or 7.3%, of AT&T Wireless common stock, about half of which was used in
a debt-for-equity exchange in July in 2001. The remaining portion of these
holdings was monetized in October and December through the issuance of debt that
is exchangeable into Wireless shares (or their cash equivalents) at maturity.
The split-off of AT&T Wireless resulted in a noncash tax-free gain of $13.5
billion, which represented the difference between the fair value of the AT&T
Wireless tracking stock at the date of the split-off and AT&T's book value in
AT&T Wireless Services. This gain was recorded in the third quarter of 2001 as a
"Gain on disposition of discontinued operations" in the Consolidated Statement
of Income.
On August 10, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of Liberty Media
Corporation as an independent, publicly traded company (since AT&T did not exit
the line of business that Liberty Media Group (LMG) operated in, LMG was not
accounted for as a discontinued operation). AT&T redeemed each outstanding share
of Class A and Class B LMG tracking stock for one share of Liberty Media
Corporation's Series A and Series B common stock, respectively. The IRS ruled
that the split-off of Liberty Media Corporation qualified as a tax-free
transaction for AT&T, Liberty Media and their shareowners. For accounting
purposes, the deemed effective split-off date was July 31, 2001.
TRACKING STOCKS
During the periods 1999 through 2001, AT&T had one or more tracking stocks
outstanding. In 1999, in connection with the acquisition of Tele-Communications,
Inc. (TCI), AT&T issued a separate tracking stock to reflect 100% of the
performance of LMG. In 2000, AT&T issued a tracking stock to track the financial
performance of AT&T Wireless Group. The shares initially issued tracked
approximately 16% of the performance of AT&T Wireless Group.
A tracking stock is designed to provide financial returns to its holders
based on the financial performance and economic value of the assets it tracks.
Ownership of shares of AT&T common stock, AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock or
Liberty Media Class A or B tracking stock did not represent a direct legal
interest in the assets and liabilities of any of the groups, but an ownership of
AT&T in total. The specific shares represented an interest in the economic
performance of the net assets of each of the groups.
The earnings attributable to AT&T Wireless Group are excluded from the
earnings available to AT&T Common Stock Group and are reflected as "Income
(loss) from discontinued operations," net of applicable taxes of AT&T Wireless
Group in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Similarly, the earnings and
losses related to LMG are excluded from the earnings available to AT&T Common
Stock Group. The remaining results of operations of AT&T, including the
financial performance of AT&T Wireless Group not represented by the tracking
stock, are referred to as the AT&T Common Stock Group and are represented by
AT&T common stock.
We did not have a controlling financial interest in LMG for financial
accounting purposes; therefore, our ownership in LMG was reflected as an
investment accounted for under the equity method in AT&T's consolidated
financial statements. The amounts attributable to LMG are reflected in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements as "Equity (losses) earnings from
Liberty Media Group" and "Investment in Liberty Media Group and related
receivables, net" prior to its split-off from AT&T.
AT&T Wireless Group was an integrated business of AT&T, and LMG was a
combination of certain assets and businesses of AT&T; neither was a stand-alone
entity prior to its split-off from AT&T.
MERGER WITH MEDIAONE GROUP, INC.
We completed the merger with MediaOne Group, Inc. (MediaOne) on June 15,
2000, in a cash and stock transaction valued at approximately $45 billion. We
issued approximately 603 million shares of AT&T common stock, of which 60
million were treasury shares, and made cash payments of approximately $24
billion.
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The merger was recorded under the purchase method of accounting, whereby
the assets and liabilities of MediaOne Group were recorded at fair value on the
date of the acquisition. Accordingly, the results of MediaOne have been included
with the financial results of AT&T, within AT&T Broadband, since the date of
acquisition. In accordance with the purchase method of accounting, periods prior
to the merger were not restated to include the results of MediaOne.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document may contain forward-looking statements with respect to AT&T's
restructuring plan, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows,
dividends, financing plans, business strategies, operating efficiencies or
synergies, budgets, capital and other expenditures, network build out and
upgrade, competitive positions, availability of capital, growth opportunities
for existing products, benefits from new technologies, availability and
deployment of new technologies, plans and objectives of management, and other
matters.
These forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, those
relating to the future business prospects, revenue, working capital, liquidity,
capital needs, network build out, interest costs and income, are necessarily
estimates reflecting the best judgment of senior management and involve a number
of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially
from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking
statements should, therefore, be considered in light of various important
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates or
projections contained in the forward-looking statements including, without
limitation:
- the risks associated with the implementation of AT&T's restructuring
plan, which is complicated and involves a substantial number of different
transactions each with separate conditions, any or all of which may not
occur as we currently intend, or which may not occur in the timeframe we
currently expect,
- the risks associated with each of AT&T's main business units, operating
as independent entities as opposed to as part of an integrated
telecommunications provider following completion of AT&T's restructuring
plan, including the inability of these groups to rely on the financial
and operational resources of the combined company and these groups having
to provide services that were previously provided by a different part of
the combined company,
- the impact of existing and new competitors in the markets in which these
groups compete, including competitors that may offer less expensive
products and services, desirable or innovative products, technological
substitutes, or have extensive resources or better financing,
- the impact of oversupply of capacity resulting from excessive deployment
of network capacity,
- the ongoing global and domestic trend toward consolidation in the
telecommunications industry, which may have the effect of making the
competitors of these entities larger and better financed and afford these
competitors with extensive resources and greater geographic reach,
allowing them to compete more effectively,
- the effects of vigorous competition in the markets in which the company
operates, which may decrease prices charged, increase churn and change
customer mix, profitability and average revenue per user,
- the ability to enter into agreements to provide services, and the cost of
entering new markets necessary to provide services,
- the ability to establish a significant market presence in new geographic
and service markets,
- the availability and cost of capital and the consequences of increased
leverage,
- the impact of any unusual items resulting from ongoing evaluations of the
business strategies of the company,
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- the requirements imposed on the company or latitude allowed to
competitors by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or state
regulatory commissions under the Telecommunications Act of 1996 or other
applicable laws and regulations,
- the risks associated with technological requirements, technology
substitution and changes and other technological developments,
- the results of litigation filed or to be filed against the company,
- the possibility of one or more of the markets in which the company
competes being impacted by changes in political, economic or other
factors, such as monetary policy, legal and regulatory changes or other
external factors over which these groups have no control, and
- the risks related to AT&T's investments and joint ventures.
The words "estimate," "project," "intend," "expect," "believe," "plan" and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which speak only as of the date of this document. Moreover, in the future, AT&T,
through its senior management, may make forward-looking statements about the
matters described in this document or other matters concerning AT&T.
The discussion and analysis that follows provides information management
believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of AT&T's consolidated
results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, and
financial condition as of December 31, 2001 and 2000.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES, ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS
AT&T's financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting
principles that are generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of
these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments
that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses as
well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management
continually evaluates its estimates and judgments including those related to
revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts, useful lives of property,
plant and equipment, internal use software and intangible assets, investments,
derivative contracts, pension and other postretirement benefits and income
taxes. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and
other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual
results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or
conditions. We believe that of our significant accounting policies, the
following may involve a higher degree of judgment or complexity:
Revenue recognition -- We only record revenue for transactions which are
considered to be part of our central, ongoing operations. We recognize long
distance and local voice and data services revenue based upon minutes of traffic
processed or contracted fee schedules including sales of prepaid calling cards.
Cable video and nonvideo installation revenue is recognized in the period the
installation services are provided to the extent of direct selling costs. Any
remaining amount is deferred and recognized over the estimated average period
that customers are expected to remain connected to the cable distribution
systems. Customer activation fees, along with the related costs up to but not
exceeding the revenues, are deferred and amortized over the customer
relationship period. We recognize other products and services revenue when the
products are delivered and accepted by customers and when services are provided
in accordance with contract terms. For contracts where we provide customers with
an indefeasible right to use network capacity, we recognize revenue ratably over
the stated life of the agreement. Any sales of installed fiber are not
recognized as revenue. We consider these transactions to be sales of property,
plant and equipment and record any gain or loss in "Other income (expense)" in
the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Allowances for doubtful accounts -- We maintain allowances for doubtful
accounts for estimated losses which result from the inability of our customers
to make required payments. We base our allowances on the likelihood of
recoverability of accounts receivable based on past experience and taking into
account current collection trends that are expected to continue. If economic or
specific industry trends worsen beyond our
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estimates, we would increase our allowances for doubtful accounts by recording
additional expense. Accounts receivable are fully reserved for when past due 180
days or more.
Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment, internal use
software and intangible assets -- We estimate the useful lives of property,
plant and equipment, internal use software and intangible assets in order to
determine the amount of depreciation and amortization expense to be recorded
during any reporting period. The useful lives are estimated at the time the
asset is acquired and are based on historical experience with similar assets as
well as taking into account anticipated technological or other changes. If
technological changes were to occur more rapidly than anticipated or in a
different form than anticipated, the useful lives assigned to these assets may
need to be shortened, resulting in the recognition of increased depreciation and
amortization expense in future periods. Alternatively, these types of
technological changes could result in the recognition of an impairment charge to
reflect the write-down in value of the asset. We review these types of assets
for impairment annually, or when events or circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount may be not be recoverable over the remaining lives of the
assets. In assessing impairments, we use cash flows which take into account
management's estimates of future operations. Beginning January 1, 2002, in
accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," we will no longer
amortize goodwill, excess basis related to equity-method investments and
franchise costs, but will test these assets at least annually for impairment.
Investments -- We hold investments in other companies which we account for
under either the cost method or equity method of accounting. Many of these
companies are publicly traded and have volatile share prices however, some of
these companies are not publicly traded and therefore the value may be difficult
to determine. For investments that are not publicly traded we estimate fair
value using market-based (comparable sales) and income-based (discounted cash
flow) methods. In addition, we have monetized some of these investments by
issuing debt that is tied to the trading price of the security, and which can be
settled in shares or cash. Some of our cost-method investments are classified as
"trading" securities under SFAS No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities," and are marked-to-market through the income
statement. However, other cost method investments are classified as
"available-for-sale" under SFAS No. 115 and are marked-to-market through other
comprehensive income on the balance sheet. We record an investment impairment
charge on our "available-for-sale" and equity-method investments when we believe
the decline in the investment value is other than temporary. When determining an
other than temporary decline, we consider, among other items, the length of time
the trading price has been below our carrying value, the financial condition of
the investee company, including the industry in which they operate, and our
ability or intent to retain the investment. If the financial condition of the
investee company or the industry in which it operates were to be materially
different than our expectation, we would record an expense to reflect the other
than temporary decline in value of the investment. At December 31, 2001,
unrealized losses on "available-for-sale" securities included in "Other
comprehensive income" as a component of shareowners' equity were approximately
$0.3 billion (pretax).
Derivative contracts -- We enter into derivative contracts to mitigate
market risk from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and
equity prices. Certain exchangeable debt (debt exchangeable into or tied to the
value of securities we own) contain embedded derivatives that require accounting
separate from the debt instrument, while other exchangeable debt has derivatives
issued in conjunction with net purchased options. The fair value of option based
derivatives is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is
based on a set of inputs, including the price of the underlying stock,
volatility of the underlying stock and interest rates. These inputs are based on
prevailing market indications that are either directly observable in the market,
received from qualified investment banking firms or are internally calculated.
Changes in these inputs would result in a change in the fair value of the option
contracts. Changes in the fair value of option contracts accounted for as cash
flow hedges would be recorded, net of income taxes, within Other Comprehensive
Income on the balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of option contracts
undesignated for accounting purposes would be recorded within other income
(expense) on the income statement. Generally, fair value calculations of other
derivative contracts (e.g., interest rate swaps and foreign exchange forwards)
require less judgment and are valued based on market interest rates and foreign
exchange rates.
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Pension and postretirement benefits -- The amounts recognized in the
financial statements related to pension and postretirement benefits are
determined on an actuarial basis, which utilizes many assumptions in the
calculation of such amounts. A significant assumption used in determining our
net pension credit (income) and postretirement expense is the expected long-term
rate of return on plan assets. In 2001, we assumed an expected long-term rate of
return on plan assets of 9.5%. On average, our actual return on plan assets over
the long-term has substantially exceeded 9.5%; however, in the past two years,
the plan's assets have experienced rates of return substantially lower than
9.5%. For 2002, we will lower our expected long-term rate of return assumption
from 9.50% to 9.0%, reflecting the generally expected moderation of long-term
rates of return in the financial markets. We expect this decrease in the
expected long-term rate of return to decrease operating income by approximately
$0.1 billion.
Another estimate that affects our net pension credit and postretirement
expense is the discount rate used in the annual actuarial valuations of pension
and postretirement benefit plan obligations. At the end of each year, we
determine the appropriate discount rate, which represents the interest rate that
should be used to determine the present value of future cash flows currently
expected to be required to settle the pension and postretirement benefit
obligations. The discount rate is generally based on the yield on high-quality
corporate fixed-income investments. At December 31, 2001, we lowered our
discount rate to 7.25% from 7.5% at December 31, 2000. Changes in the discount
rate do not have a material impact on our results of operations.
Income taxes -- We record deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted
tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax bases
of assets and liabilities. If enacted tax rates changed, we would adjust our
deferred tax assets and liabilities, through the provision for income taxes in
the period of change, to reflect the enacted tax rate expected to be in effect
when the deferred tax items reverse. A one percentage point change in the
enacted tax rates would increase or decrease net income by approximately $0.7
billion. We record a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets to reflect the
expected future tax benefits to be realized. In determining the appropriate
valuation allowance, we take into account the level of expected future taxable
income and available tax planning strategies. If future taxable income was lower
than expected or if expected tax planning strategies were not available as
anticipated, we may record additional valuation allowance through income tax
expense in the period such determination was made. At December 31, 2001, we had
long-term deferred tax assets (included within long-term deferred tax
liabilities) of $5.4 billion, which included a valuation allowance of $57
million.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The comparison of 2001 results with 2000 results was affected by events
such as acquisitions and dispositions that occurred in these two years. For
example, included in 2001 was a full year of MediaOne results; however, 2000
included MediaOne's results only since the June 15, 2000, date of acquisition.
In addition, we had dispositions of certain cable systems during each year and
disposed of international businesses during 2000. Cable systems and businesses
disposed of in 2000 were included in 2000 results for part of the year and not
in 2001 results. Likewise, cable systems disposed of in 2001 were included in
2000 results for the full year and in 2001 results for part of the year. Also,
At Home Corp. (Excite@Home) affected the comparison of annual results.
For the period January 1, 2000, through August 31, 2000, Excite@Home was
accounted for as an equity method investment. For the period September 1, 2000,
through December 31, 2000, Excite@Home was fully consolidated as a result of
corporate governance changes, which gave AT&T the right to designate six of the
11 Excite@Home board members, and therefore, a controlling interest. In 2001,
Excite@Home was fully consolidated for the period January 1, 2001, through
September 28, 2001, the date Excite@Home filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy
protection. As a result of the bankruptcy and AT&T removing four of its six
members from the Excite@Home board of directors, AT&T no longer consolidated
Excite@Home as of September 30, 2001. The consolidation of Excite@Home
(effective September 1, 2000) resulted in the inclusion of 100% of its results
in each line item of AT&T's Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated
Statements of Income. The approximate 77% of Excite@Home not owned by AT&T is
shown in the 2000 Consolidated Balance Sheet within "Minority Interest" and as a
component of "Minority interest income (expense)" in the 2001 and 2000
Consolidated Statements of Income. As a result of the significant losses
incurred by Excite@Home,
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the minority interest balance was fully utilized (in September); therefore, in
September 2001 AT&T recognized more than its 23% share of losses of Excite@Home.
Under the equity method of accounting, any earnings or losses are included as a
component of "Net losses related to other equity investments" in the
Consolidated Statement of Income. Beginning October 1, 2001, AT&T no longer
records equity earnings or losses related to Excite@Home since AT&T recognized
losses in excess of its investment in Excite@Home.
Effective July 1, 2000, the FCC eliminated Primary Interexchange Carrier
Charges (PICC or per-line charges) that AT&T pays for residential and
single-line business customers. The elimination of these per-line charges
resulted in lower access expense as well as lower revenue, since AT&T has
historically billed its customers for these charges.
The comparison of 2000 results with 1999 results was also affected by the
acquisition of MediaOne and the elimination PICC. In addition, we acquired TCI
and the IBM Global Network (now AT&T Global Network Services or AGNS) during
1999. Therefore, twelve months of their results are included in 2000's results,
but are included for only a part of 1999 (since their respective dates of
acquisition). Dispositions of certain cable systems and international businesses
occurred during 1999 and 2000, affecting comparability. The consolidation of
Excite@Home, effective September 1, 2000, also affected comparability. Prior to
September 1, 2000, Excite@Home was accounted for as an equity method investment.
Finally, the comparison of 2000 results with 1999 results was impacted by
the launch of Concert on January 5, 2000, our global joint venture with British
Telecommunications plc (BT). AT&T contributed all of its international
gateway-to-gateway assets and the economic value of approximately 270
multinational customers specifically targeted for direct sales by Concert. As a
result, 2000 results do not include the revenue and expenses associated with
these customers and businesses, while 1999 does, and 2000 results include our
proportionate share of Concert's earnings in "Net losses related to other equity
investments" in the Consolidated Statements of Income. On October 16, 2001, AT&T
and BT announced that they had reached binding agreements to unwind Concert.
Under the Concert dissolution agreement with BT, AT&T will reclaim customer
contracts and assets that were initially contributed to the venture, including
international transport facilities and gateway assets. In addition, AT&T
Business Services will obtain ownership of certain frame relay assets located in
the Asia Pacific region that BT initially contributed to the venture. AT&T
Business Services expects to combine these assets with its existing
international networking and other assets. The unwind of Concert is expected to
close by the end of the first half of 2002.
REVENUE
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AT&T Business Services.................................. $28,024 $28,900 $28,692
AT&T Consumer Services.................................. 15,079 18,894 21,753
AT&T Broadband.......................................... 9,799 8,226 5,070
Corporate and other..................................... (352) (487) (542)
------- ------- -------
Total Revenue........................................... $52,550 $55,533 $54,973
======= ======= =======
</Table>
Total revenue decreased 5.4%, or $3.0 billion, in 2001 compared with 2000.
The decline was largely driven by accelerating declines in long distance voice
revenue of approximately $5.7 billion. Partially offsetting the decline was
revenue of approximately $2.2 billion, primarily attributable to growth in data
and Internet protocol (IP), local and outsourcing services within AT&T Business
Services, and increased revenue from AT&T Broadband, primarily telephony,
high-speed data, expanded basic cable and digital video. Also offsetting the
decline was revenue of approximately $0.3 billion largely due to net
acquisitions (primarily MediaOne), and the consolidation of Excite@Home,
partially offset by the elimination of PICC. We expect long distance revenue to
continue to be negatively impacted by ongoing competition and product
substitution and while we expect data and IP revenue to continue to grow, we
expect the growth rate to slow. Revenue in 2002 will be positively impacted by
the inclusion of revenue resulting from the unwind of Concert, including
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revenue from multinational customers and foreign-billed revenue previously
contributed to Concert. In addition, we expect revenue from AT&T Broadband to
increase.
Total revenue increased 1.0%, or $0.6 billion, in 2000 compared with 1999
primarily driven by a growing demand for our IP, outsourcing within AT&T
Business Services and growth in AT&T Broadband of approximately $2.2 billion, as
well as the impact of acquisitions and the consolidation of Excite@Home,
partially offset by the impact of Concert, dispositions and the elimination of
PICC of approximately $1.5 billion. These revenue increases were partially
offset by continued declines in long distance voice revenue of approximately
$2.9 billion.
Revenue by segment is discussed in greater detail in the segment results
section.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Access and other connection............................. $12,136 $13,140 $14,439
</Table>
Access and other connection expenses decreased 7.6%, or $1.0 billion, in
2001 compared with 2000. Included within access and other connection expenses
are costs that we pay to connect calls on the facilities of other service
providers, as well as the Universal Service Fund contributions and per-line
charges mandated by the FCC. Approximately $1.6 billion of the decrease was due
to mandated reductions in per-minute access-rates, lower per-line charges and
lower international connection rates. In July 2000, per-line charges that AT&T
paid for residential and single-line business customers were eliminated by the
FCC. These reductions were partially offset by a $0.6 billion increase due to
overall volume growth primarily related to local and international services and
higher Universal Service Fund contributions. Since most of these charges are
passed through to the customer, the per-minute access-rate and per-line charge
reductions and the increased Universal Service Fund contributions have generally
resulted in a corresponding impact on revenue.
In 2002, access and other connection expenses will continue to decline as a
result of mandated reductions in per minute access rates, lower universal
service fund contributions and lower long distance call volumes. These
reductions will be partially offset by an increase in local connectivity
expenses primarily due to growth in local services. In addition, the unwind of
Concert will also result in lower access and other connections expenses, since
in 2001 the charge from Concert was recorded as access and other connection
expenses and in 2002 as we take back assets, we will record the expenses in each
line item based on how the assets and customers are served and managed.
Access and other connection expenses decreased 9.0% to $13.1 billion in
2000, compared with $14.4 billion in 1999. Mandated reductions in per-minute
access costs and decreased per-line charges resulted in lower costs of
approximately $1.5 billion. Also contributing to the decrease was more efficient
network usage. These decreases were partially offset by approximately $0.6
billion of higher costs due to volume increases, and $0.5 billion as a result of
higher Universal Service Fund contributions.
Costs paid to telephone companies outside of the United States to connect
calls made to countries outside of the United States (international settlements)
are also included within access and other connection expenses. International
interconnection charges decreased approximately $0.5 billion in 2000, as a
result of the commencement of operations of Concert. Concert incurred most of
our international settlements and earned most of our foreign-billed revenue,
previously incurred and earned directly by AT&T. In 2000, Concert billed us a
net expense composed of international settlement (interconnection) expense and
foreign-billed revenue. The amount charged by Concert in 2000 was lower than
interconnection expense incurred in 1999, since AT&T recorded these transactions
as revenue and expense, as applicable. Partially offsetting the decline were
costs incurred related to Concert products that AT&T now sells to its customers.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Costs of services and products.......................... $13,960 $12,795 $11,013
</Table>
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Costs of services and products include the costs of operating and
maintaining our networks, costs to support our outsourcing contracts (including
cost of equipment sold), programming for cable services, the provision for
uncollectible receivables and other service-related costs.
These costs increased $1.2 billion, or 9.1%, in 2001 compared with 2000.
Approximately $0.6 billion of the increase was driven by net acquisitions,
primarily MediaOne, and the consolidation of Excite@Home. Also contributing to
the increase was approximately $0.8 billion of higher costs associated with our
growth businesses, primarily at AT&T Business Services, including the cost of
equipment sold within our outsourcing solutions business, and higher cable
television programming costs. In addition, costs increased approximately $0.3
billion due to estimated losses on certain long-term contracts at AT&T Business
Services and a lower pension credit (income) and higher postretirement expense
in 2001 resulting from a decreased return on plan assets. These increases were
partially offset by approximately $0.4 billion of lower costs associated with
lower revenue, primarily lower volumes at AT&T Business Services, including our
international operations and lower payphone compensation costs.
In 2002, costs of services and products are expected to increase slightly
as a result of the unwind of Concert, significantly offset by the
deconsolidation of Excite@Home.
Costs of services and products increased $1.8 billion, or 16.2%, in 2000
compared with 1999. Nearly $1.9 billion of the increase was due to acquisitions
and the impact of consolidating Excite@Home, net of the impact of Concert and
divestments of international businesses. The expense also increased due to
higher costs associated with new outsourcing contracts of approximately $0.5
billion and approximately $0.3 billion of higher cable television programming
costs principally due to rate increases and higher costs associated with new
broadband services. These increases were partially offset by approximately $0.9
billion of costs savings from continued cost control initiatives and a higher
pension credit in 2000, primarily driven by a higher pension trust asset base,
resulting from increased investment returns.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- -------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Selling, general and administrative...................... $10,832 $9,752 $10,894
</Table>
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $1.1 billion,
or 11.1%, in 2001 compared with 2000. Approximately $0.2 billion of the increase
was due to expenses associated with acquisitions, primarily MediaOne, net of the
impact of dispositions. Increased expenses in support of growth businesses,
primarily data and IP, broadband, and local voice services, drove approximately
$0.8 billion of the increase. These expenses included customer care, facilities
and other related expenses, advertising, research and development and other
general and administrative expenses. Also included in the increased SG&A
expenses were transaction costs of approximately $0.2 billion associated with
AT&T's restructuring announced in October 2000. A lower pension credit (income)
and higher postretirement expense resulting from decreased return on plan
assets, combined with higher compensation accruals contributed approximately
$0.3 billion to the increase. Partially offsetting these increases were lower
costs associated with the impact of cost control efforts and decreased customer
care and billing expenses of approximately $0.8 billion primarily from AT&T
Consumer Services.
As a result of the unwind of Concert as well as lower pension credit
(income), selling, general and administrative expenses are expected to increase
slightly in 2002.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $1.1 billion, or
10.5%, in 2000 compared with 1999. Approximately $2.0 billion of the decrease
was due to savings from continued cost-control initiatives and a higher pension
credit in 2000, primarily driven by a higher pension trust asset base, resulting
from increased historical investment returns. Partially offsetting this decrease
was approximately $0.5 billion of higher
65
<PAGE>
expenses associated with our growing broadband business, and nearly $0.5 billion
of expenses associated with acquisitions and the consolidation of Excite@Home,
net of the impact of Concert and dispositions.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ ------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Depreciation and other amortization........................ $6,865 $5,924 $5,137
</Table>
Depreciation and other amortization expenses increased $0.9 billion, or
15.9%, in 2001 compared with 2000. Approximately $0.4 billion of the increase
was attributable to the acquisition of MediaOne and the consolidation of
Excite@Home, partially offset by net dispositions, primarily cable systems. The
remaining increase was primarily due to a higher asset base resulting from
continued infrastructure investments.
Depreciation and other amortization expenses are expected to increase in
2002 reflecting the infrastructure investments made in 2001 as well as the
impact of the unwind of Concert.
In 2000, depreciation and other amortization expenses rose $0.8 billion, or
15.3%, compared with 1999. Approximately $0.5 billion of the increase was due to
acquisitions and the consolidation of Excite@Home, net of dispositions and the
impact of Concert. The remaining increase was primarily due to a higher asset
base resulting from continued infrastructure investment.
Total capital expenditures for 2001, 2000 and 1999 were $8.4 billion, $10.5
billion and $11.2 billion, respectively. We continue to focus the vast majority
of our capital spending on our growth businesses of broadband, data and IP, and
local.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ ------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Amortization of goodwill, franchise costs and other
purchased intangibles.................................... $2,473 $2,665 $1,057
</Table>
Amortization of goodwill, franchise costs and other purchased intangibles
decreased $0.2 billion, or 7.2%, in 2001 compared with 2000. The decrease was
primarily due to a lower goodwill balance relating to Excite@Home as a result of
the impairment charges recorded in the fourth quarter of 2000 and the first
quarter of 2001, partially offset by the acquisition of MediaOne. Franchise
costs represent the value attributable to agreements with local authorities that
allow access to homes in AT&T Broadband's service areas. Other purchased
intangibles arising from business combinations primarily included customer
relationships.
In 2002, we will no longer amortize goodwill or franchise costs in
accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142. Accordingly, amortization of
goodwill, franchise costs and other purchased intangibles will be significantly
lower in 2002. A further discussion of the impacts of SFAS No. 142 is included
in "New Accounting Pronouncements" in this document.
In 2000, amortization of goodwill, franchise costs and other purchased
intangibles increased $1.6 billion, or 152.3%, compared with the prior year.
This increase was largely attributable to the consolidation of Excite@Home, as
well as acquisitions, primarily MediaOne and TCI.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ ----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net restructuring and other charges......................... $2,530 $7,029 $975
</Table>
During 2001, we recorded $2,530 million of net restructuring and other
charges including approximately $1,330 million of restructuring and exit costs
associated with AT&T's continued cost reduction initiatives and $1,200 million
of asset impairment charges which were primarily related to Excite@Home.
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<PAGE>
The $1,330 million of charges for restructuring and exit plans were
comprised of $1,014 million for employee separations and benefit plan
curtailment costs, $322 million for facility closings and $27 million related to
termination of contractual obligations. The restructuring and exit plans support
our cost reduction efforts through headcount reductions across all segments of
the business, primarily network support and customer care functions in AT&T
Business Services, continued cost reduction efforts by Excite@Home (which was
still consolidated into AT&T's results until September 2001), in addition to
impacts of the MediaOne merger. These charges were slightly offset by the
reversal in December 2001 of $33 million related to the business restructuring
plans for fourth quarter 1999 and first quarter 2000.
Included in the $1,014 million of employee separations were $200 million of
benefit plan curtailment costs associated with employee separations as part of
these exit plans. Approximately 18 thousand employees will be separated in
conjunction with these exit plans, approximately one-half of which are
management and one-half are nonmanagement employees. Nearly 17 thousand employee
separations related to involuntary terminations and more than one thousand
related to voluntary terminations. Approximately 50% of the employees affected
by the 2001 restructuring charges left their positions as of December 31, 2001,
and the remaining will leave the company throughout 2002. Termination benefits
of approximately $341 million were paid throughout 2001.
The $1,200 million of asset impairments consisted of $1,032 million
associated with the write-down of goodwill and other intangibles, warrants
granted in connection with distributing the @Home service and fixed assets.
These charges were due to continued deterioration in the business climate of,
and reduced levels of venture capital funding activity for, Internet advertising
and other Internet-related companies, continued significant declines in the
market values of Excite@Home's competitors in the Internet advertising industry,
and changes in its operating and cash flow forecasts for the remainder of 2001.
These charges were also impacted by Excite@Home's decision to sell or shut down
narrowband operations. As a result of the foregoing, and other factors,
Excite@Home entered into bankruptcy proceedings in September 2001. In addition,
AT&T recorded a related goodwill impairment charge of $139 million associated
with its acquisition goodwill of Excite@Home. Since we consolidated, but only
owned approximately 23% of Excite@Home, a portion of the charges recorded by
Excite@Home was not included as a reduction to AT&T's net income, but rather was
eliminated in our 2001 Consolidated Statement of Income as a component of
"Minority interest income (expense)." Additionally, we recorded asset impairment
charges of $29 million related to the write-down of unrecoverable support assets
where the carrying value was no longer supported by estimated future cash flows.
The restructuring and exit plans did not yield cash savings (net of
severance benefit payouts) in 2001. In subsequent years, the net cash savings
will increase, due to the timing of actual separations and associated payments,
until the completion of the exit plan at which time we expect to yield
approximately $1.1 billion of cash savings per year. Accordingly, there was no
benefit to operating income (net of the restructuring charges recorded) in 2001.
In subsequent years, the operating income benefit will continue to increase, due
to timing of actual separations, until the completion of the exit plan, at which
time we expect a benefit to operating income of approximately $1.2 billion per
year.
As a result of continuing realignment within AT&T Broadband, we expect to
record a restructuring charge in the first quarter of 2002 in the range of $50
million to $100 million.
During 2000, we recorded $7,029 million of net restructuring and other
charges including $6,179 million of asset impairment charges related to
Excite@Home, $759 million for restructuring and exit costs associated with
AT&T's initiative to reduce costs, and $91 million related to the
government-mandated disposition of AT&T Communications (U.K.) Ltd., which would
have competed directly with Concert.
The asset impairment charges related to Excite@Home resulted from the
deterioration of the market conditions and market valuations of Internet-related
companies during the fourth quarter of 2000, which caused Excite@Home to
conclude that intangible assets related to their acquisitions of
Internet-related companies may not be recoverable. Accordingly, Excite@Home
conducted a detailed assessment of the recoverability of the carrying amounts of
acquired intangible assets. This assessment resulted in a determination that
certain acquired intangible assets, including goodwill, related to these
acquisitions, including Excite,
67
<PAGE>
were impaired as of December 31, 2000. As a result, Excite@Home recorded
impairment charges of $4,609 million in December 2000, representing the excess
of the carrying amount of the impaired assets over their fair value.
The impairment was allocated to each asset group based on a comparison of
carrying values and fair values. The impairment write-down within each asset
group was allocated first to goodwill, and if goodwill was reduced to zero, to
identifiable intangible assets in proportion to carrying values.
Since we consolidated but only owned approximately 23% of Excite@Home, 77%
of the charge recorded by Excite@Home was not included as a reduction to AT&T's
net income, but rather was eliminated in our 2000 Consolidated Statement of
Income as "Minority interest income (expense)."
Also as a result of the foregoing, AT&T recorded a goodwill and
acquisition-related impairment charge of $1,570 million associated with the
acquisition of our investment in Excite@Home. The write-down of our investment
to fair value was determined utilizing discounted expected future cash flows.
The $759 million charge for restructuring and exit plans was primarily due
to headcount reductions, mainly in AT&T Business Services, including network
operations, primarily for the consolidation of customer-care and call centers,
as well as synergies created by the MediaOne merger.
Included in exit costs was $503 million of cash termination benefits
associated with the separation of approximately 7,300 employees as part of
voluntary and involuntary termination plans. Approximately one-half of the
separations were management employees and one-half were non-management
employees. Approximately 6,700 employee separations were related to involuntary
terminations and approximately 600 to voluntary terminations.
We also recorded $62 million of network lease and other contract
termination costs associated with penalties incurred as part of notifying
vendors of the termination of these contracts during the year, and net losses of
$32 million related to the disposition of facilities primarily due to synergies
created by the MediaOne merger.
Also included in restructuring and exit costs in 2000 was $144 million of
benefit plan curtailment costs associated with employee separations as part of
these exit plans. Further, we recorded an asset impairment charge of $18 million
related to the write-down of unrecoverable assets in certain businesses where
the carrying value was no longer supported by estimated future cash flows.
During 1999, we recorded $975 million of net restructuring and other
charges. A $594 million in-process research and development charge was recorded
reflecting the estimated fair value of research and development projects at TCI,
as of the date of the acquisition, which had not yet reached technological
feasibility or had no alternative future use. The projects identified related to
efforts to offer voice over IP, product-integration efforts for advanced set-top
devices, cost-savings efforts for broadband-telephony implementation, and in-
process research and development related to Excite@Home. We estimated the fair
value of in-process research and development for each project using an income
approach, which was adjusted to allocate fair value based on the project's
percentage of completion. Under this approach, the present value of the
anticipated future benefits of the projects was determined using a discount rate
of 17%. For each project, the resulting net present value was multiplied by a
percentage of completion based on effort expended to date versus projected costs
to complete.
Also in 1999, a $145 million charge for restructuring and exit costs was
recorded as part of AT&T's initiative to reduce costs. The restructuring and
exit plans primarily focused on the maximization of synergies through headcount
reductions in AT&T Business Services, including network operations, primarily
for the consolidation of customer-care and call centers.
Included in exit costs was $142 million of cash termination benefits
associated with the separation of approximately 2,800 employees as part of
voluntary and involuntary termination plans. Approximately one-half of the
separations were management employees and one-half were non-management
employees. Approximately 1,700 employee separations were related to involuntary
terminations and approximately 1,100 to voluntary terminations.
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<PAGE>
We also recorded net losses of $307 million related to the
government-mandated disposition of certain international businesses that would
have competed directly with Concert, and $50 million related to a contribution
agreement AT&T Broadband entered into with Phoenixstar, Inc. That agreement
requires AT&T Broadband to satisfy certain liabilities owed by Phoenixstar and
its subsidiaries. The remaining obligation under this contribution agreement and
an agreement that MediaOne had is $35 million, which was fully accrued for at
December 31, 2001. In addition, we recorded benefits of $121 million related to
the settlement of pension obligations for former employees who accepted AT&T's
1998 voluntary retirement incentive program (VRIP) offer.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ -------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Operating income.......................................... $3,754 $4,228 $11,458
</Table>
In 2001, operating income decreased $0.5 billion, or 11.2%. The decline was
primarily attributable to accelerating declines in the long distance business.
In addition, the acquisition of MediaOne and net dispositions negatively
impacted operating income by $0.7 billion. Significantly offsetting these
decreases was the net impact of Excite@Home (including the effect of lower asset
impairments).
Operating income decreased $7.2 billion, or 63.1%, in 2000 compared with
1999. The decrease was primarily due to higher net restructuring and other
charges of $6.1 billion. Also contributing to the decrease was the impact of the
acquisition of MediaOne and the consolidation of Excite@Home, which lowered
operating income by $1.5 billion. A majority of the impact of operating losses
and the restructuring charge generated by Excite@Home was offset in "Minority
interest income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statement of Income, reflecting
the approximate 77% of Excite@Home we do not own. Partially offsetting these
decreases were cost-control initiatives and a larger pension credit associated
with our mature long distance businesses and related support groups, partially
offset by lower long distance revenue.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------ ----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Other (expense) income...................................... $(1,547) $1,150 $826
</Table>
Other (expense) income in 2001 was an expense of $1.5 billion compared with
income of $1.2 billion in 2000. The unfavorable variance of $2.7 billion was
driven primarily by higher investment impairment charges of $0.8 billion, mostly
consisting of impairments of Vodafone plc and Time Warner Telecom. Also
contributing to the higher expense was an expense of $0.8 billion reflecting
mark-to-market charges in conjunction with the adoption of SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" and $0.8 billion
of lower net gains on the sales of businesses and investments.
Other (expense) income improved $0.3 billion, or 39.3%, in 2000 compared
with 1999. This improvement was primarily due to greater net gains on sales of
businesses and investments of approximately $0.7 billion, and higher
investment-related income of approximately $0.3 billion. The higher gains on
sales were driven by significant gains associated with the swap of cable
properties with Comcast and Cox, the sale of our investment in Lenfest and
related transactions, which gains aggregated approximately $0.5 billion. In
1999, we recorded significant gains associated with the sale of our Language
Line Services business and a portion of our ownership interest in AT&T Canada,
which aggregated approximately $0.3 billion. Offsetting the improvements to
other (expense) income in 2000 was an approximate $0.5 billion charge reflecting
the increase in the fair value of put options held by Comcast and Cox related to
Excite@Home stock, and approximately $0.2 billion of higher investment
impairment charges.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ ------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest expense........................................... $3,242 $2,964 $1,503
</Table>
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<PAGE>
In 2001, interest expense increased $0.3 billion, or 9.4%. The increase was
due primarily to a higher average debt balance in 2001, compared with 2000. The
higher average debt balance was primarily a result of our June 2000 acquisition
of MediaOne, including outstanding debt of MediaOne and debt issued to fund the
MediaOne acquisition. The impact of MediaOne was partially offset by the
company's debt reduction efforts in 2001.
Interest expense increased 97.2%, or $1.5 billion, in 2000 compared with
1999. The increase was primarily due to a higher average debt balance as a
result of our June 2000 acquisition of MediaOne, including outstanding debt of
MediaOne and debt issued to fund the MediaOne acquisition, and our March 1999
acquisition of TCI.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ------ ------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
(Benefit) provision for income taxes........................ $(791) $3,284 $4,016
</Table>
The effective income tax rate is the (benefit) provision for income taxes
as a percent of (loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes.
The effective income tax rate was 76.4% in 2001, 136.1% in 2000 and 37.3% in
1999. In 2001, the effective tax rate was positively impacted by a significant
net tax benefit related to Excite@Home, including a benefit from the
deconsolidation and the put obligation settlement with Cox and Comcast,
partially offset by the prior consolidation of its operating losses (which
included asset impairment charges) for which the company was unable to record
tax benefits. Also positively impacting the effective tax rate was the net
impact of a tax-free exchange with Comcast of AT&T stock held by Comcast for an
entity owning certain cable systems and the resulting reduction of a previously
established deferred tax liability. In addition, a benefit was recognized
associated with the tax-free gain from the disposal of a portion of AT&T's
retained interest in AT&T Wireless in a debt-for-equity exchange.
In 2000, the effective tax rate was negatively impacted by Excite@Home, for
which the company was unable to record tax benefits associated with its pretax
losses. Therefore, the $4.6 billion restructuring charges taken by Excite@Home
in 2000 had no associated tax benefit. The company also recorded a related
nondeductible asset impairment charge of $1.6 billion associated with its
acquisition of Excite@Home and a nondeductible charge to reflect the increase in
the fair value of the put options related to Excite@Home held by Comcast and
Cox, both of which negatively impacted the effective tax rate. The 2000
effective tax rate was positively impacted by a tax-free gain resulting from an
exchange of AT&T stock for an entity owning certain cable systems and other
assets with Cox and the benefit of the write-off of the related deferred tax
liability.
The 1999 effective tax rate was negatively impacted by a non-tax-deductible
research and development charge, but positively impacted by a change in the net
operating loss utilization tax rules that resulted in a reduction in the
valuation allowance and the income tax provision.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ------ -----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Minority interest income (expense).......................... $963 $4,103 $(126)
</Table>
Minority interest income (expense), which is recorded net of income taxes,
represents an adjustment to AT&T's income to reflect the less than 100%
ownership of consolidated subsidiaries as well as dividends on preferred stock
issued by subsidiaries of AT&T. Minority interest income (expense) decreased
$3.1 billion in 2001 compared with 2000 primarily due to lower losses generated
by Excite@Home, mainly as a result of lower goodwill impairment charges recorded
by Excite@Home in 2001 compared with 2000. As a result of significant losses
incurred by Excite@Home, AT&T fully utilized the minority interest balance
during the third quarter of 2001; therefore, we no longer recorded minority
interest income related to Excite@Home.
The $4.2 billion increase in minority interest income (expense) in 2000
resulted from the consolidation of Excite@Home effective September 1, 2000. The
minority interest income in 2000 primarily reflects losses
70
<PAGE>
generated by Excite@Home, including the goodwill impairment charge, that were
attributable to the approximate 77% of Excite@Home not owned by AT&T.
The income tax benefit within minority interest income (expense) was $100
million in both 2001 and 2000, and a benefit of $54 million in 1999.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------ -------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Equity (losses) earnings from Liberty Media Group........ $(2,711) $1,488 $(2,022)
</Table>
Equity (losses) earnings from LMG, which are recorded net of income taxes,
were a loss of $2.7 billion in 2001, compared with earnings of $1.5 billion in
2000. The decline of $4.2 billion was largely driven by gains on dispositions
recorded in 2000, including gains associated with the mergers of various
companies that LMG had investments in, as well as higher stock compensation
expense in 2001 compared with 2000. Partially offsetting these declines were
lower impairment charges recorded on LMG's investments to reflect other than
temporary declines in value. Equity losses for 2001 reflect results through July
31, 2001, the deemed effective date of the split-off.
Equity (losses) earnings from LMG were earnings of $1.5 billion in 2000,
compared with losses of $2.0 billion in 1999. The improvement was primarily due
to gains on dispositions, including gains associated with the mergers of various
companies that LMG had investments in. Gains were recorded for the difference
between the carrying value of LMG's interest in the acquired company and the
fair value of securities received in the merger. In addition, lower stock
compensation expense in 2000 compared with 1999 contributed to the improvement.
These were partially offset by impairment charges recorded on LMG's investments
to reflect other than temporary declines in value and higher losses relating to
LMG's equity affiliates.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ---- ----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net losses related to other equity investments.............. $4,850 $588 $756
</Table>
Net losses related to other equity investments were $4.9 billion in 2001
compared with $0.6 billion in 2000, an increase of approximately $4.3 billion.
The increase was driven primarily by higher net equity investment impairment
charges of $4.3 billion. The pretax impairment charges were $7.0 billion and
consisted primarily of $3.0 billion in charges related to the estimated loss on
AT&T's commitment to purchase the shares of AT&T Canada we do not own, a $2.9
billion impairment charge related to the unwind of Concert and an impairment of
our investment in Net2Phone of $1.1 billion. In addition, we recorded higher
equity losses of $0.7 billion from Concert and Net2Phone. These losses were
partially offset by $0.6 billion in losses recorded for Excite@Home in the first
eight months of 2000 when we recorded the investment as an equity method
investment. Excite@Home was fully consolidated beginning in September 2000.
In 2000, net losses related to other equity investments were $0.6 billion,
a 22.2% improvement compared with 1999. This improvement was primarily a result
of higher earnings from our investment in Cablevision Systems Corp.
(Cablevision) of approximately $0.2 billion due to gains from cable-system
sales. Partially offsetting this improvement were losses from our stake in TWE,
which we acquired in connection with the MediaOne merger, and greater equity
losses from Excite@Home, which aggregated approximately $0.1 billion.
The income tax benefit recorded on net losses related to other equity
investments was $0.4 billion in both 2001 and 2000, and a benefit of $0.5
billion in 1999. The amortization of excess basis associated with
nonconsolidated investments, recorded as a reduction of income, totaled $0.2
billion in 2001, and $0.5 billion
71
<PAGE>
in both 2000 and 1999. Effective January 1, 2002, in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS No. 142, we will no longer amortize excess basis related to
nonconsolidated investments.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ---- ----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations.............. $13,503 $-- $--
</Table>
In 2001, we realized a gain on the disposition of discontinued operations
of $13.5 billion, representing the difference between the fair value of the AT&T
Wireless tracking stock on July 9, 2001, the date of the split-off, and AT&T's
book value in AT&T Wireless Services.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ----- -----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cumulative effect of accounting change...................... $904 $-- $--
</Table>
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of applicable income taxes, is
comprised of $0.4 billion for AT&T Group (other than LMG) and $0.5 billion for
LMG in 2001. The $0.4 billion recorded by AT&T, excluding LMG, was attributable
primarily to fair value adjustments of equity derivative instruments embedded in
indexed debt instruments and warrants held in by public and private companies
due to the adoption of SFAS No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities."
The $0.5 billion recorded by LMG represents the impact of separately
recording the embedded call option obligations associated with LMG's senior
exchangeable debentures due to the adoption of SFAS No. 133.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ----- -----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Dividend requirements of preferred stock.................... $652 $-- $--
</Table>
Dividend requirements of preferred stock were $0.7 billion in 2001. The
preferred stock dividend represented interest in connection with convertible
preferred stock issued to NTT DoCoMo in January of 2001 as well as accretion of
the beneficial conversion feature associated with this preferred stock. The
beneficial conversion feature was recorded upon the issuance of the NTT DoCoMo
preferred stock and represented the excess of the fair value of the preferred
shares issued over the proceeds received. On July 9, 2001, in conjunction with
the split-off of AT&T Wireless Group, these preferred shares were converted into
AT&T Wireless common stock. As a result, we fully amortized the remaining
beneficial conversion feature balance.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ----- -----
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Premium on exchange of AT&T Wireless tracking stock......... $80 $-- $--
</Table>
The premium on exchange of AT&T Wireless tracking stock was $80 million in
2001. The premium, which is a reduction of net income available to common
shareowners, represents the excess of the fair value of the AT&T Wireless
tracking stock issued over the fair value of the AT&T common stock exchanged and
was
72
<PAGE>
calculated based on the closing share prices of AT&T common stock and AT&T
Wireless tracking stock on May 25, 2001.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------ ------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS,
EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AT&T Common Stock Group -- per basic share:
(Loss) earnings from continuing operations................ (1.33) 0.76 1.91
AT&T Common Stock Group earnings.......................... 2.50 0.89 1.77
AT&T Common Stock Group -- per diluted share:
(Loss) earnings from continuing operations................ (1.33) 0.75 1.87
AT&T Common Stock Group earnings.......................... 2.50 0.88 1.74
</Table>
In 2001, AT&T had a loss from continuing operations before cumulative
effect of accounting change per diluted share of $1.33, compared with earnings
of $0.75 per diluted share in 2000. The decline of $2.08 per diluted share was
primarily attributable to an unfavorable variance in net losses related to other
equity investments, other (expense) income and lower operating income, excluding
net restructuring and other charges, in 2001 compared with 2000, partially
offset by lower net restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Earnings per diluted share (EPS) attributable to continuing operations of
the AT&T Common Stock Group were $0.75 in 2000 compared with $1.87 in 1999, a
decrease of 59.9%. The decrease was primarily due to higher restructuring and
asset impairment charges and the MediaOne acquisition, including the impact of
shares issued, operating losses of MediaOne and additional interest expense.
Also contributing to the decrease was the impact of Excite@Home, including the
mark-to-market adjustment related to the put options held by Comcast and Cox.
These decreases were partially offset by improvements in other (expense) income,
primarily associated with higher net gains on sales of businesses and
investments, and higher investment-related income, and lower losses from equity
investments. Also impacting EPS was higher operating income associated with our
mature long distance businesses.
In 2001, diluted EPS of AT&T Common Stock Group of $2.50 included a loss
from continuing operations as discussed above of $1.33, income from discontinued
operations of $0.03, a gain on the disposition of discontinued operations of
$3.70 and income related to the cumulative effect of accounting change of $0.10.
In 2000, diluted EPS of AT&T Common Stock Group of $0.88 included earnings from
continuing operations as discussed above of $0.75 and income from discontinued
operations of $0.13. In 1999, diluted EPS of AT&T Common Stock Group of $1.74
included earnings from continuing operations as discussed above of $1.87 and a
loss from discontinued operations of $0.13.
LMG reported a loss per share, excluding the cumulative effect of an
accounting change, of $0.84 in 2001 through its split-off from AT&T on August
10, 2001. In 2000, LMG reported earnings per basic and diluted share of $0.58.
The decline of $1.42 per share was primarily due to gains on dispositions
reported in 2000, including gains associated with the mergers of various
companies that LMG had investments in. Partially offsetting the decline were
charges recorded on LMG's investments in 2000.
EPS for LMG was $0.58 in 2000, compared with a loss of $0.80 per share in
1999. The increase in EPS was primarily due to gains on dispositions, including
gains associated with the mergers of various companies that LMG had investments
in. In addition, lower stock compensation expense in 2000 compared with 1999
contributed to the increase. These increases were partially offset by impairment
charges recorded on LMG's investments to reflect other than temporary declines
in value and higher losses relating to LMG's equity affiliates.
In 2001, EPS for the AT&T Wireless Group, through its split-off date from
AT&T on July 9, 2001, was $0.08 per basic and diluted share. EPS for AT&T
Wireless Group for the period from April 27, 2000, the stock offering date,
through December 31, 2000, was $0.21 per basic and diluted share.
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<PAGE>
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Pursuant to Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 "Reporting the
Results of Operations -- Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a
Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and
Transactions," the consolidated financial statements of AT&T reflect the
disposition of AT&T Wireless, which was split-off from AT&T on July 9, 2001, as
discontinued operations. Accordingly, the revenue, costs and expenses, and cash
flows of AT&T Wireless through June 30, 2001, the effective split-off date for
accounting purposes, have been excluded from the respective captions in the
2001, 2000 and 1999 Consolidated Statements of Income and Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows and have been reported as "Income (loss) from
discontinued operations," net of applicable income taxes; and as "Net cash
provided by (used in) discontinued operations." The assets and liabilities of
AT&T Wireless have been excluded from the respective captions in the December
31, 2000 Consolidated Balance Sheet, and are reported as "Net assets of
discontinued operations." The gain associated with the disposition of AT&T
Wireless is recorded as "Gain on disposition of discontinued operations," in the
Consolidated Statement of Income.
SEGMENT RESULTS
In support of the services we provided in 2001, we segment our results by
the operating units that support our primary lines of business: AT&T Business
Services, AT&T Consumer Services and AT&T Broadband. The balance of AT&T's
operations, excluding LMG, is included in a corporate and other category.
Although not a segment, we also discuss the results of LMG prior to its
split-off as an independent company.
EBIT and EBITDA are the primary measures used by AT&T's chief operating
decision makers to measure AT&T's operating results and to measure segment
profitability and performance. AT&T calculates EBIT as operating income (loss)
plus other income (expense), pretax minority interest income (expense) and net
pretax losses related to other equity investments. EBITDA is defined as EBIT,
excluding minority interest income (expense) other than Excite@Home's minority
interest income (expense), plus depreciation and amortization. Interest and
income taxes are not factored into the segment profitability measure used by the
chief operating decision makers; therefore, trends for these items are discussed
on a consolidated basis. Management believes EBIT and EBITDA are meaningful to
investors because they provide analyses of operating results using the same
measures used by AT&T's chief operating decision makers. In addition, we believe
that both EBIT and EBITDA allow investors a means to evaluate the financial
results of each segment in relation to total AT&T. EBIT for AT&T was a deficit
of $4.8 billion and earnings of $8.4 billion and $10.9 billion for the years
ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. EBITDA for AT&T was $4.7
billion, $17.1 billion and $17.7 billion for the years ended December 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999, respectively. Our calculations of EBIT and EBITDA may or may not
be consistent with the calculation of these measures by other public companies.
EBIT and EBITDA should not be viewed by investors as an alternative to generally
accepted accounting principles (GAAP) measures of income as a measure of
performance or to cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities
as a measure of liquidity. In addition, EBITDA does not take into account
changes in certain assets and liabilities as well as interest and income taxes
which can affect cash flow.
The discussion of segment results includes revenue, EBIT, EBITDA, capital
additions and total assets. The discussion of EBITDA for AT&T Broadband is
modified to exclude other income (expense) and net pretax losses related to
equity investments. Total assets for each segment generally include all assets,
except intercompany receivables. Prepaid pension assets and corporate-owned or
leased real estate are generally held at the corporate level, and therefore are
included in the corporate and other group. In addition, all impacts of the
adoption of SFAS No. 133, as well as the ongoing investment and derivative
revaluation, are reflected in the corporate and other group. The net assets of
discontinued operations and the related income (loss) and gain on disposition
are not reflected in the corporate and other group. Capital additions for each
segment include capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment,
acquisitions of licenses, additions to nonconsolidated investments, increases in
franchise costs and additions to internal-use software.
In connection with our corporate restructuring program set forth in late
2000, our existing segments reflect certain managerial changes that were
implemented during 2001. The changes are as follows: AT&T
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Business Services was expanded to include the results of international
operations and ventures. In addition, certain corporate costs that were
previously recorded within the corporate and other group have been allocated to
the respective segments in an effort to ultimately have the results of these
businesses reflect all direct corporate costs as well as overhead for shared
services. All prior period results have been restated to reflect these changes.
Reflecting the dynamics of our business, we continuously review our
management model and structure, which may result in additional adjustments to
our operating segments in the future.
AT&T BUSINESS SERVICES
AT&T Business Services offers a variety of global communications services
to small and medium-sized businesses, large domestic and multinational
businesses and government agencies. AT&T Business' services include long
distance, international, toll-free and local voice; data and IP networking;
managed networking services and outsourcing solutions; and wholesale transport
services (sales of services to service resellers).
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
External revenue
Services revenue...................................... $27,056 $27,972 $28,070
Equipment and product sales revenue................... 228 185 17
Total external revenue.................................. $27,284 $28,157 $28,087
Internal revenue........................................ 740 743 605
Total revenue........................................... 28,024 28,900 28,692
EBIT.................................................... (2,154) 5,990 5,248
EBITDA.................................................. 1,949 10,200 9,468
Capital additions....................................... 5,456 6,839 9,091
</Table>
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
2001 2000
------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Total assets............................................ $40,339 $42,747
</Table>
REVENUE
In 2001, AT&T Business Services revenue decreased $0.9 billion, or 3.0%, to
$28.0 billion. A decline in long distance voice revenue of approximately $2.1
billion drove the revenue decline. Significantly offsetting the decline was
approximately $1.4 billion of growth in data and IP services, local voice
services and outsourcing solutions, including equipment sales.
In 2000, AT&T Business Services revenue grew $0.2 billion, or 0.7%,
compared with 1999. Strength in data and IP services as well as growth in
outsourcing solutions contributed $1.8 billion to the increase. This growth was
largely offset by an approximate $0.9 billion decline in long distance voice
services as a result of continued pricing pressures in the industry and
approximately $0.5 billion due to the net impacts of Concert, international
dispositions and acquisitions.
In 2001, long distance voice revenue declined at a low-teen percentage rate
reflecting the continuing impact of pricing pressures, mitigated somewhat by
volume growth. While volumes grew at a low single-digit percentage rate, the
rate of growth declined from a high single-digit percentage growth rate in 2000,
reflecting the economic weakness impacting many key industry sectors, including
travel, financial services, technology and retail, as well as the impact of
wireless and e-mail substitution. These factors, along with pricing pressures,
are expected to continue to negatively impact revenue in 2002. In 2000, long
distance voice services revenue declined at a mid single-digit percentage rate
after excluding the impact of Concert. The decline was primarily due to a
declining average price per minute reflecting the competitive forces within the
industry. Partially offsetting this decline was the high single-digit percentage
growth rate in volumes.
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Data and IP services (including related product sales) grew at a low
double-digit percentage rate in 2001 compared with 2000. The growth was led by
packet services, which include frame relay, IP and Asynchronous Transfer Mode
(ATM). Packet services grew at a rate in the mid-20 percent range. Total IP
services (a component of packet services), which include IP connectivity
services, Virtual Private Network (VPN) services and hosting services, also grew
in the mid-20 percent rate range. The rate of growth of data services revenue
declined in 2001 due primarily to a slow-down in the rate of growth of
high-speed private line services and frame relay services as well as a decline
in international private line services. In 2002, we expect data and IP revenue
to grow; however, we expect the growth rate to decline from the 2001 growth
rate.
The 2000 data and IP services growth rate (including related product
sales), as compared with 1999, was impacted by acquisitions and the formation of
Concert. Excluding these impacts, data services grew at a high-teens percentage
rate. Growth was led by the continued strength of frame relay services; IP
services, which include IP-connectivity services and VPN services; and
high-speed private-line services.
Local voice services revenue grew more than 20% in 2001 compared with 2000,
and grew nearly 20% in 2000 compared with 1999. In 2001, AT&T added more than
670 thousand access lines and added more than 867 thousand lines in 2000. Access
lines at the end of 2001 and 2000 were more than 2.9 million and nearly 2.3
million, respectively. Access lines enable AT&T to provide local service to
customers by allowing direct connection from customer equipment to the AT&T
network. At the end of 2001, AT&T served more than 6,300 buildings on-network
(buildings where AT&T owns the connection that runs into the building),
representing an increase of approximately 3.2% over 2000. At the end of 2000,
AT&T served more than 6,100 buildings on-network, compared with slightly more
than 5,800 buildings at the end of 1999. In 2002, we expect local voice services
revenue to grow; however, we expect the growth rate to decline from the 2001
growth rate.
AT&T Business Services internal revenue was essentially flat in 2001
compared with 2000, and increased $138 million, or 22.7%, in 2000 compared with
1999. The impact of internal revenue is included in the revenue by product
discussions, above. In 2001, AT&T Business Services had lower internal revenue
due to the split-off of AT&T Wireless on July 9, 2001, as these sales are now
reported as external revenue. This decrease was almost entirely offset by
greater sales of services to other AT&T units, primarily AT&T Broadband. The
increase in 2000 was the result of greater sales of business long distance
services to other AT&T units that resell such services to their external
customers, primarily AT&T Broadband and AT&T Wireless.
EBIT/EBITDA
In 2001, EBIT decreased $8.1 billion, or 136.0%, compared with 2000. EBITDA
declined $8.3 billion, or 80.9%, in 2001 compared with 2000. The declines in
EBIT and EBITDA were primarily due to charges of $3.0 billion in 2001, related
to the estimated loss on AT&T's commitment to purchase the remaining public
shares of AT&T Canada, and charges of $2.9 billion in 2001 related to the unwind
of Concert. Also reflected in the declines was the impact of pricing pressure
within the long distance voice business, as well as a shift from higher margin
long distance services to lower margin growth services. In 2002, EBIT and EBITDA
are expected to improve, primarily due to the 2001 charges we recorded related
to AT&T Canada and the unwind of Concert, partially offset by lower net gains
recorded in other (expense) income and lower operating income, reflecting
continued softness in the long distance market.
EBIT improved $0.7 billion, or 14.2%, and EBITDA improved $0.7 billion, or
7.7%, in 2000 compared with 1999. The improvements reflect an increase in
revenue and lower costs as a result of our continued cost-control efforts,
partially offset by the formation of Concert and the acquisition of AGNS.
OTHER ITEMS
Capital additions decreased $1.4 billion in 2001, and decreased $2.3
billion in 2000. In 2001, the decrease was a result of lower capital
expenditures for the AT&T world-wide intelligent network, as well as a reduced
investment in Concert. In 2000 the decrease was a result of lower spending for
our network and lower infusions into nonconsolidated international investments.
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<PAGE>
Total assets decreased $2.4 billion, or 5.6%, at December 31, 2001,
compared with December 31, 2000. The decrease was primarily due to a decline in
our investments in nonconsolidated subsidiaries, primarily due to the write-down
of our investment in Concert and equity losses from Concert, and reduced
receivables resulting from lower revenue and increased collection efforts. These
declines were partially offset by an increase in property, plant and equipment.
AT&T CONSUMER SERVICES
AT&T Consumer Services provides a variety of communications services to
residential customers including domestic and international long distance;
transaction based long distance, such as operator assisted service and prepaid
phone cards; local and local toll (intrastate calls outside the immediate local
area); and dial-up Internet.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue................................................. $15,079 $18,894 $21,753
EBIT.................................................... 4,875 6,893 7,619
EBITDA.................................................. 5,075 7,060 7,803
Capital additions....................................... 140 148 299
</Table>
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
2001 2000
------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Total assets............................................ $ 2,141 $ 3,150
</Table>
REVENUE
AT&T Consumer Services revenue declined $3.8 billion, or 20.2%, in 2001
compared with 2000. The decline was primarily due to a $3.7 billion decline in
traditional voice services, such as domestic and international dial services
(long distance calls where the number "1" is dialed before the call), and
domestic calling card services. The traditional voice services were negatively
impacted by an acceleration of wireless and e-mail product substitution, and the
impact of ongoing competition, which has led to a loss of market share. In
addition, the continued migration of customers to lower-priced products and
optional calling plans has also negatively impacted revenue. As a result of the
acceleration of substitution and competition, calling volumes declined at a low
double-digit percentage rate in 2001. The revenue decline also reflects a $0.5
billion impact due to the elimination of per-line charges in July 2000.
Partially offsetting these revenue declines was revenue growth of $0.6 billion
for prepaid card and local services. We expect product substitution, competition
(including the continued entry of the Regional Bell Operating Companies into the
long distance market) and customer migration to lower-priced calling plans and
products to continue to negatively impact AT&T Consumer Services revenue in
2002.
In 2000, AT&T Consumer Services revenue decreased 13.1%, or $2.9 billion,
compared with 1999. Approximately $0.9 billion of the decline was due to the
elimination of per-line charges in 2000 and the impact of Concert. The remainder
of the decline was primarily due to a decline in traditional voice services,
reflecting the ongoing competitive nature of the consumer long distance
industry, which has resulted in pricing pressures and a loss of market share.
Also negatively impacting revenue was product substitution and market migration
away from direct-dial wireline and higher-priced calling-card services to the
rapidly growing wireless services and lower-priced prepaid-card services. As a
result, calling volumes declined at a mid single-digit percentage rate in 2000.
EBIT/EBITDA
EBIT declined $2.0 billion, or 29.3%, and EBITDA declined $2.0 billion, or
28.1%, in 2001 compared with 2000. In 2001, EBIT and EBITDA margins declined to
32.3% and 33.7%, from 36.5% and 37.4% in 2000, respectively. As customers
substitute long distance calling with wireless and e-mail services and migrate
to
77
<PAGE>
lower priced calling plans and lower margin products, they tend to remain AT&T
Consumer Services customers. These customers generate less revenue, however, the
billing, customer care and fixed costs remain, resulting in lower EBIT margins.
The margin decline was also impacted by a slight increase in marketing spending
targeted at high value customers, partially offset by a $0.2 billion settlement
of disputes relating to obligations resulting from the sale of AT&T Universal
Card Services to Citigroup in 1998, as well as cost control initiatives. In
2002, we expect the impacts of revenue decline to continue to negatively impact
EBIT and EBITDA.
EBIT and EBITDA both declined $0.7 billion, or 9.5%, in 2000 compared with
1999. The declines primarily reflect the decline in the long distance business,
offset somewhat by cost-control initiatives. In addition, the declines reflect
$0.2 billion of lower gains on sales of businesses, due primarily to the 1999
sale of Language Line Services, and higher restructuring charges. Reflecting our
cost-control initiatives, EBIT and EBITDA margins in 2000 improved to 36.5% and
37.4%, respectively, compared with 35.0% and 35.9%, respectively, in 1999.
OTHER ITEMS
In 2001, capital additions decreased $8 million, or 5.2%, compared with
2000. Capital additions decreased $0.2 billion, or 50.6%, in 2000 compared with
1999 as a result of reduced spending on internal-use software, as most of the
functionality upgrades were completed in 1999.
Total assets declined $1.0 billion, or 32.0%, in 2001. The decline was
primarily due to lower accounts receivable, reflecting lower revenue.
AT&T BROADBAND
AT&T Broadband offers a variety of services through our cable (broadband)
network, including traditional analog video and advanced services, such as
digital video, high-speed data and broadband telephony.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- --------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
External revenue...................................... $ 9,785 $ 8,212 $ 5,069
Internal revenue...................................... 14 14 1
Total revenue......................................... 9,799 8,226 5,070
EBIT.................................................. (3,215) (1,240) (1,545)
EBITDA*............................................... 2,040 1,639 733
Capital additions..................................... 3,607 4,968 4,759
</Table>
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Total assets.......................................... $103,060 $114,848
</Table>
- ---------------
* EBITDA for AT&T Broadband excludes net losses related to equity investments
and other income (expense).
Results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2001, include a full
twelve months of MediaOne operations, while the year ended December 31, 2000,
includes the results of MediaOne since its acquisition on June 15, 2000, and the
year ended December 31, 1999, does not include any results of MediaOne.
Additionally, the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 1999,
include 10 months of TCI's results, reflecting its acquisition in March 1999,
while 2000 and 2001 include a full 12 months of TCI's results.
78
<PAGE>
REVENUE
AT&T Broadband revenue grew $1.6 billion in 2001, or 19.1%, compared with
2000. Approximately $0.6 billion of the increase was due to the acquisition of
MediaOne, partially offset by the net dispositions of cable systems. In
addition, the increase was attributable to revenue growth from advanced services
(broadband telephony and high-speed data) of approximately $0.6 billion and
growth in other video services, primarily expanded basic cable and digital
video, of approximately $0.4 billion. We expect 2002 revenue to increase as
demand for advanced services continues to grow.
AT&T Broadband revenue grew $3.2 billion in 2000, or 62.3%, compared with
1999. Approximately $2.8 billion of the increase in revenue was due to the
acquisition of MediaOne in 2000 and TCI in 1999. In addition, revenue from
advanced services and a basic-cable rate increase contributed approximately $0.4
billion to the revenue increase.
At December 31, 2001, AT&T Broadband serviced approximately 13.6 million
basic cable customers, passing approximately 24.6 million homes, compared with
16.0 million basic cable customers, passing approximately 28.3 million homes at
December 31, 2000. The decrease in the number of homes passed and basic cable
customers primarily reflect the net disposition of cable systems in 2001. In
addition, the number of basic cable customers declined due to the impacts of
competition. At December 31, 2001, we provided digital video service to
approximately 3.5 million customers, high-speed data service to approximately
1.5 million customers and broadband telephony service to approximately 1.0
million customers. This compares with approximately 2.8 million digital-video
customers, approximately 1.1 million high-speed data customers, and
approximately 547 thousand broadband telephony customers at December 31, 2000.
These amounts reflect the acquisition of MediaOne. At December 31, 1999, AT&T
Broadband serviced approximately 11.4 million basic cable customers, passing
approximately 19.7 million homes. At December 31, 1999, we provided digital
video service to approximately 1.8 million customers, high-speed data service to
approximately 207 thousand customers and broadband telephony service to nearly
8,300 customers.
EBIT/EBITDA
The EBIT deficit in 2001 increased $2.0 billion to $3.2 billion from the
2000 deficit of $1.2 billion. The increased deficit was largely due to the
impacts of the acquisition of MediaOne and the net dispositions of cable systems
of approximately $0.8 billion, as well as a $0.9 billion impact of net losses on
the sales of businesses and investments recorded in 2001 compared with net gains
recorded in 2000. In 2001, we recorded net losses from the sale of cable
properties to Comcast, as well as a loss on the sale of part of our ownership
interest in Cablevision. In 2000, we recorded a gain on the sale of Lenfest and
gains on the sales of properties to Cox and Comcast. Also contributing to the
increased deficit were higher depreciation and amortization, programming and
advertising expenses and higher restructuring and other charges of approximately
$0.8 billion, as well as greater investment impairment charges of $0.4 billion.
These increases to the deficit were partially offset by $0.3 billion of lower
pretax equity losses, improved EBIT of approximately $0.4 billion in other video
services, primarily expanded basic cable and digital video, and improved EBIT in
advanced services of approximately $0.2 billion.
EBITDA, which excludes net losses related to equity investments and other
income (expense), was $2.0 billion in 2001, an improvement of $0.4 billion
compared with $1.6 billion in 2000. This improvement was primarily due to the
acquisition of MediaOne of $0.4 billion and improved EBITDA in other video
services, primarily expanded basic cable and digital video, of approximately
$0.4 billion and improved EBITDA in advanced services of approximately $0.2
billion. Partially offsetting this improvement was the impact of net
dispositions of cable systems of $0.4 billion, increased programming and
advertising expenses of $0.2 billion, and higher restructuring and other charges
of $0.1 billion.
In 2002, we expect EBITDA, which excludes net losses related to equity
investments and other income (expense), to increase as a result of expense
reductions generated from previous years' restructuring charges as well as
continued growth from advances services (broadband telephony and high-speed
data).
79
<PAGE>
EBIT in 2000 was a deficit of $1.2 billion, an improvement of $0.3 billion,
or 19.7% compared with 1999. This improvement was due to approximately $0.5
billion of higher gains on sales of businesses and investments, primarily gains
on the swap of cable properties with Cox and Comcast and the sale of our
investment in Lenfest, and $0.4 billion lower restructuring charges primarily
associated with an in-process research and development charge recorded in
connection with the 1999 acquisition of TCI. Also contributing to the
improvement were lower pretax losses from equity investments of $0.5 billion,
due in part to a $0.3 billion improvement from our investment in Cablevision due
to gains from cable-system sales. These improvements were largely offset by the
impact of the acquisition of MediaOne and TCI of approximately $0.5 billion and
higher expenses associated with high-speed data and broadband telephony services
of approximately $0.4 billion.
EBITDA, which excludes net losses related to equity investments and other
income, was $1.6 billion in 2000, an improvement of $0.9 billion compared with
1999. This improvement was due to the impact of the MediaOne and TCI
acquisitions of $0.7 billion and lower restructuring charges of $0.4 billion.
Higher expenses associated with high-speed data and broadband telephony of
approximately $0.2 billion partially offset these increases.
OTHER ITEMS
Capital additions decreased $1.4 billion, or 27.4%, to $3.6 billion in
2001, from $5.0 billion in 2000. This decrease was primarily driven by a $0.9
billion decrease in capital expenditures combined with a $0.5 billion decrease
in infusions into nonconsolidated investments. The 2001 spending was primarily
related to the growth and support of advanced services and plant upgrade
expenditures.
Capital additions increased 4.4% to $5.0 billion in 2000, from $4.8 billion
in 1999. The increase was due to higher capital expenditures of $0.8 billion,
primarily due to MediaOne, which was almost entirely offset by decreased
contributions to various nonconsolidated investments of $0.7 billion. The 2000
spending was primarily related to the growth and support of advanced services
and plant upgrade expenditures. In 1999, spending was largely directed toward
cable-distribution systems, focusing on the upgrade of cable plant assets, as
well as equity infusions into various investments.
Total assets at December 31, 2001, decreased $11.8 billion, or 10.3%, to
$103.1 billion compared with $114.8 billion at December 31, 2000. The decrease
in total assets was primarily due to lower franchise costs as a result of the
net disposition of cable systems and the current year amortization; lower
investments, primarily related to the impairment of and settlement of
exchangeable notes with Vodafone ADRs, the sale of certain investments,
including shares of Cablevision and Rainbow Media and unfavorable mark-to-market
adjustments on certain investments; and lower other assets primarily due to
unfavorable mark-to-market adjustments on certain derivative instruments, and
the amortization of purchased intangibles.
CORPORATE AND OTHER
This group reflects the results of corporate staff functions, the
elimination of transactions between segments, as well as the impacts of
Excite@Home.
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- -------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue................................................. $ (352) $ (487) $(542)
EBIT.................................................... (4,324) (3,279) (441)
EBITDA.................................................. (3,737) (2,382) 37
Capital additions....................................... 327 1,683 271
</Table>
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
2001 2000
------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Total assets.............................................. $19,742 $12,101
</Table>
80
<PAGE>
REVENUE
Revenue for corporate and other primarily includes negative revenue of $0.8
billion in both 2001 and 2000, representing the elimination of intercompany
revenue, and revenue of Excite@Home of $0.4 billion in 2001 and $0.2 billion in
2000. The increase in revenue of Excite@Home is primarily due to nine months of
revenue included in our 2001 results compared with four months of revenue
included in our 2000 results. The elimination of intercompany revenue was
essentially flat in 2001 compared with 2000, however, we had a higher
elimination of intercompany revenue in 2001 resulting from increased sales from
AT&T Business Services and Excite@Home to AT&T Broadband, offset by lower
intercompany revenue from AT&T Wireless due to its split-off on July 9, 2001.
Corporate and other revenue was negative $0.5 billion in both 2000 and
1999. Revenue in 2000 primarily included $0.8 billion of negative revenue,
representing the elimination of intercompany revenue, and revenue of Excite@Home
of $0.2 billion. Revenue in 1999 primarily included $0.6 billion of negative
revenue representing the elimination of intercompany revenue.
EBIT/EBITDA
EBIT and EBITDA deficits in 2001 increased $1.0 billion and $1.4 billion to
deficits of $4.3 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively. The deficit increases
were largely due to $1.5 billion of greater investment impairment charges, which
included a $1.1 billion impairment charge for Net2Phone and a $0.3 billion
impairment charge for Time Warner Telecom recorded in 2001; and $0.8 billion of
expense due to the adoption, in 2001, of SFAS No. 133. Also contributing to the
deficit increases were higher restructuring and other charges (other than
Excite@Home) and higher transaction costs associated with AT&T's restructuring
announced in October 2000, totaling $0.4 billion; lower net gains on sales of
investments and lower interest income, totaling $0.4 billion; and a lower
pension credit (income) and higher postretirement expense of $0.3 billion. These
increases to the deficits were largely offset by the improved EBIT and EBITDA of
Excite@Home of $2.6 billion primarily due to the goodwill impairment charges
recorded in 2000 by Excite@Home and AT&T related to Excite@Home, partially
offset by a $0.3 billion greater loss in 2001 on the Excite@Home put obligation
with Cox and Comcast.
In 2000, EBIT and EBITDA deficits increased $2.8 billion and $2.4 billion
to $3.3 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively. The increases in the deficits
were largely related to Excite@Home. In 2000, restructuring and other charges,
net of minority interest, were $2.9 billion higher primarily due to goodwill
impairment charges recorded by Excite@Home and AT&T related to Excite@Home.
Other impacts included a charge of approximately $0.5 billion for the fair
market value increase of put options held by Comcast and Cox related to
Excite@Home, and operating losses from Excite@Home. Partially offsetting these
declines was an increase in the pension credit due to a higher pension trust
asset base resulting from increased investment returns, and lower expenses
associated with our continued efforts to reduce costs, which aggregated
approximately $0.6 billion. In addition, higher net gains on sales of
investments and an increase in interest income increased EBIT and EBITDA by
approximately $0.6 billion.
OTHER ITEMS
Capital additions decreased $1.4 billion in 2001 and increased $1.4 billion
in 2000. The spike in capital additions in 2000 was driven by our investment in
Net2Phone.
Total assets increased $7.6 billion, to $19.7 billion in 2001. The increase
was primarily driven by a higher cash balance at December 31, 2001, mainly a
result of proceeds received from our $10 billion bond offering in November 2001,
and an investment in AT&T Wireless (which was monetized in the fourth quarter of
2001). These increases were partially offset by the impact of Excite@Home, the
write-down of our investment in Net2Phone and the transfer of a loan to Concert
to the AT&T Business Services segment, which was written off in the third
quarter of 2001.
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LIBERTY MEDIA GROUP
LMG produces, acquires and distributes entertainment, educational and
informational programming services through all available formats and media. LMG
is also engaged in electronic-retailing services, direct-marketing services,
advertising sales relating to programming services, infomercials and transaction
processing. LMG was split-off from AT&T on August 10, 2001. The operating
results of LMG were reflected as "Equity (losses) earnings from Liberty Media
Group" in the Consolidated Statements of Income prior to its split-off from
AT&T. Our investment in LMG was included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at
December 31, 2000. Losses from LMG were $2.7 billion in 2001 through July 31,
2001, the deemed effective split-off date for accounting purposes, compared with
earnings of $1.5 billion in 2000. The decline was primarily due to gains on
dispositions reported in 2000, including gains associated with the mergers of
various companies that LMG had investments in. Gains were recorded for the
difference between the carrying value of LMG's interest in the acquired company
and the fair value of securities received in the merger. Partially offsetting
the decline were charges recorded on LMG's investments in 2000, to reflect other
than temporary declines in value. In 2001, LMG also recorded income of $0.5
billion for the cumulative effect of accounting change representing the impact
of separately recording the embedded call option obligations associated with
LMG's senior exchangeable debentures due to the adoption of SFAS No. 133.
In 2000, earnings from LMG were $1.5 billion, compared with losses of $2.0
billion from the date of acquisition through December 31, 1999. The improvement
was primarily due to gains on dispositions, including gains associated with the
mergers of various companies that LMG had investments in. In addition, lower
stock compensation expense in 2000 compared with 1999 contributed to the
improvement, partially offset by impairment charges recorded on LMG's
investments to reflect other than temporary declines in value and higher losses
relating to LMG's equity affiliates.
LIQUIDITY
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS:
Provided by operating activities of continuing
operations............................................ $10,558 $11,665 $10,509
Used in investing activities of continuing operations... (1,860) (30,045) (23,884)
(Used in) provided by financing activities of continuing
operations............................................ (3,030) 25,732 13,854
Provided by (used in) discontinued operations........... 4,860 (8,306) (2,594)
</Table>
Net cash provided by operating activities of $10.6 billion for the year
ended December 31, 2001, primarily included the $12.8 billion of income from
continuing operations, adjusted to exclude noncash income items and net gains on
sales of businesses and investments, and a decrease in accounts receivable of
$0.7 billion, partially offset by net changes in other operating assets and
liabilities of $2.2 billion and a decrease in accounts payable of $0.8 billion.
Net cash provided by operating activities of $11.7 billion for the year ended
December 31, 2000, primarily included income from continuing operations,
excluding noncash income items and the adjustment for net gains on sales of
businesses and investments of $15.1 billion, partially offset by an increase in
accounts receivable of $2.5 billion and a decrease in accounts payable of $0.6
billion. Net cash provided by operating activities of $10.5 billion for the year
ended December 31, 1999, primarily included income from continuing operations
excluding noncash income items and the adjustment for net gains on sales of
businesses and investments of $14.9 billion, partially offset by an increase in
accounts receivable of $2.4 billion and net changes in other operating assets
and liabilities of $1.8 billion.
AT&T's investing activities resulted in a net use of cash of $1.9 billion
in 2001, compared with $30.0 billion in 2000. During 2001, AT&T spent $9.3
billion on capital expenditures and $0.4 billion on nonconsolidated investments
and received approximately $4.9 billion, primarily from the net dispositions of
cable systems, and approximately $3.0 billion from the sales of investments.
During 2000, AT&T used approximately $16.7 billion for acquisitions of
businesses, primarily MediaOne, and spent $11.5 billion on
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capital expenditures. During 1999, AT&T spent approximately $11.9 billion on
capital expenditures, approximately $6.0 billion on acquisitions of businesses,
primarily AGNS, and contributed $5.5 billion of cash to LMG.
During 2001, net cash used in financing activities was $3.0 billion,
compared with net cash provided by financing activities of $25.7 billion in
2000. During 2001, AT&T made net debt payments of $6.4 billion, paid AT&T
Wireless $5.8 billion to settle an intercompany loan in conjunction with its
split-off from AT&T, and paid dividends of $0.5 billion. Partially offsetting
these outflows was the receipt of $9.8 billion from the issuance of convertible
preferred stock to NTT DoCoMo. During 2000, AT&T received $10.3 billion from the
AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock offering and had net borrowings of debt of
$19.5 billion. These were partially offset by the payment of $3.0 billion in
dividends. In 1999, AT&T had net borrowings of debt of $16.3 billion and
received $4.6 billion from the issuance of redeemable preferred securities.
These sources of cash were partially offset by the acquisition of treasury
shares of $4.6 billion and the payment of dividends of $2.7 billion.
Since the announced restructuring plans to create four new businesses,
AT&T's credit ratings have been under review by the applicable rating agencies.
As a result of this review, in 2001, AT&T's short-term and the long-term ratings
were downgraded as outlined below. These actions have resulted in an increased
cost of borrowings and decreased our access to the capital markets. Our current
credit ratings are as follows:
<Table>
<Caption>
SHORT-TERM CREDIT LONG-TERM CREDIT CHARACTERIZATION OF LONG-TERM
CREDIT RATING AGENCY RATING RATING CREDIT RATING
- -------------------- ----------------- ---------------- -----------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Standard & Poor's........ A-2 BBB+ On credit watch with negative
implications
Moody's.................. P-2 A3 Under review with possibility
of downgrade
Fitch Ratings............ F-2 A- Rating watch negative
</Table>
There are provisions in several of our debt instruments that require us to
pay up to the $0.9 billion present value of future interest payments if our
credit ratings are downgraded below investment grade. We do not believe
downgrades below investment grade are likely to occur.
In November 2001, we completed a $10 billion private bond offering which
includes provisions that would allow bondholders to require AT&T to repurchase
the notes if certain conditions are not met in conjunction with the spin-off or
other separation of AT&T Broadband from AT&T at the time of notification to
bondholders of the intention to separate AT&T Broadband. These conditions
include a maximum debt to EBITDA ratio (adjusted) for pro forma AT&T, excluding
AT&T Broadband, of no more than 2.75 times. In addition, the Moody's and
Standard & Poor's credit ratings for pro forma AT&T, excluding AT&T Broadband,
are required to be at least Baa3 and BBB-, respectively, with such ratings
having at least a stable outlook.
On December 14, 2001, we amended and restated a pre-existing
revolving-credit facility. The amended facility, which is syndicated to 30
banks, makes $8 billion available to AT&T for a 364-day term. At December 31,
2001, we had not utilized this facility, and we currently have the entire $8
billion facility available to us. The credit facility agreement contains a
financial covenant that requires AT&T to maintain a net debt-to-EBITDA ratio (as
defined in the credit agreement) not exceeding 3.00 to 1.00 for four consecutive
quarters ending on the last day of each fiscal quarter. At December 31, 2001, we
were in compliance with this covenant. If AT&T were to become noncompliant it
could result in the cancellation of the credit facility with any amounts
outstanding under the credit facility becoming payable immediately.
The holder of certain private debt has an annual right to cause AT&T to
repay up to the $0.7 billion face value of the debt upon payment of an exercise
fee. In exchange for the elimination of this put right for 2002, AT&T will
obtain a letter of credit collateralized by $0.4 billion of cash which will be
restricted in its use. The creditor could also accelerate repayment of the debt
if unfavorable local law changes were to occur in its country of operation.
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If AT&T's debt ratings are further downgraded or any of the risks or
covenants noted above are triggered, AT&T may not be able to obtain sufficient
financing in the timeframe required, and/or such replacement financing may be
more costly or have additional covenants than we had in connection with our debt
at December 31, 2001. In addition, if the financial markets become more cautious
regarding the industry/ratings category we operate in, our ability to issue
commercial paper would be further reduced. This could negatively impact our
ability to pursue acquisitions, make capital expenditures to expand our network
and cable plant or to pay dividends.
At December 31, 2001, we had current assets of $22.5 billion and current
liabilities of $25.4 billion. Included in current assets was $10.6 billion of
cash and cash equivalents. Included in current liabilities was $13.0 billion of
debt maturing within one year, including $9.2 billion of commercial paper and
debt with an original maturity of one year or less. We expect to fund our
operations primarily with cash from operations, cash on hand, commercial paper
and our securitization program. If economic conditions worsen or do not improve
and/or competition and product substitution accelerate beyond current
expectations, our cash flow from operations would decrease, negatively impacting
our liquidity.
In addition, potential sources of funds include the sale of our ownership
interest in TWE. On February 28, 2001, we exercised our registration rights in
TWE and formally requested TWE to begin the process of converting the limited
partnership into a corporation with registered equity securities. On May 14,
2001, we named Credit Suisse First Boston as our investment banker for the
registration process under the TWE partnership agreement. If the proposed
spin-off of AT&T Broadband occurs as currently structured, our investment in TWE
will be included in the net assets spun-off.
In the event our cash flow from operations or access to the commercial
paper markets are negatively impacted, we have alternative funding available
through the utilization of our $8 billion credit facility, as long as we are in
compliance with certain covenants discussed above and our $2.7 billion
receivables securitization program, which is limited by eligible receivables
that change from month to month.
Subsequent to December 31, 2001, AT&T notified holders of certain Trust
Originated Preferred Securities, originally issued by TCI and MediaOne, that it
will call these securities for early redemption on February 28, 2002, March 4,
2002 and April 1, 2002. These debt redemptions total approximately $1.4 billion
and will be funded with cash on hand. Such amounts are included within
"Short-term debt" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2001.
On February 27, 2002, AT&T signed an agreement with AT&T Latin America
(ALA) that restructured approximately $725 million of ALA's short-term and
long-term debt and preferred stock held by AT&T, plus accrued interest and
dividends. At December 31, 2001, $72 million of the $725 million financing was
not drawn. ALA's senior secured vendor financing of $298 million became
effective on March 27, 2002. The AT&T provided debt and preferred facilities are
subordinated to the ALA senior secured vendor financing. The agreement between
AT&T and ALA, which also took effect on March 27, 2002, extends the maturity and
redemption dates of all ALA debt and preferred stock payable to AT&T to October
2008. In addition, while the vendor financing is outstanding, the agreement
defers interest payments on all AT&T debt and dividend payments on AT&T
preferred stock until October 2008.
If the proposed spin-off of AT&T Broadband occurs as currently structured,
the debt of TCI and MediaOne will be included in the net assets spun-off and
will be included in AT&T Comcast. The amount of this third-party debt at
December 31, 2001, was $19.3 billion. The intercompany debt of AT&T Broadband
payable to AT&T that is outstanding at the time of the spin-off will be repaid
immediately prior to the spin-off. At December 31, 2001 such intercompany debt
amounted to approximately $4.0 billion. In addition, AT&T's quarterly
convertible income preferred securities, which had a book value of $4.7 billion
at December 31, 2001, will be included in the net assets spun-off and will be
included in AT&T Comcast.
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The following summarizes AT&T's contractual cash obligations and commercial
commitments at December 31, 2001, and the effect such obligations are expected
to have on liquidity and cash flow in future periods.
<Table>
<Caption>
PAYMENTS DUE BY PERIOD
-----------------------------------------------------
LESS THAN 2-3 4-5 AFTER 5
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS TOTAL 1 YEAR YEARS YEARS YEARS
- ----------------------- ------- --------- --------- --------- -------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Long-term debt, including current
maturities(a)..................... $35,008 $2,975 $5,850 $6,958 $19,225
Operating leases(b)................. 2,996 550 924 648 874
Unconditional purchase
Obligations(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)........ 8,532 810 894 910 5,918
------- ------ ------ ------ -------
Total Contractual Cash
Obligations....................... $46,536 $4,335 $7,668 $8,516 $26,017
======= ====== ====== ====== =======
</Table>
- ---------------
(a) Long-term debt excludes debt that is exchangeable or collateralized by
securities (monetized debt) since AT&T has the option to settle this debt
in shares or cash. Amounts due less than one year were $679 million; two to
three years $4,918 million; and four to five years $3,312 million at
December 31, 2001. In addition, debt excludes discounts and excess of fair
value over the recorded value of debt in connection with the TCI and
MediaOne mergers.
(b) Under certain real estate operating leases, we could be required to make
payments to the lessor up to $586 million at the end of the lease term
(lease terms range from 2002 through 2011). The actual amount paid, if any,
would be reduced by amounts received by the lessor upon remarketing of the
property.
(c) AT&T has contractual obligations to utilize network facilities from local
exchange carriers with terms greater than one year. These contracts are
based on volumes and have penalty fees if certain volume levels are not
met. We assessed our minimum exposure based on penalties to exit the
contracts. At December 31, 2001, penalties to exit these contracts in any
given year totaled approximately $1.5 billion.
(d) AT&T has contractual obligations that extend through 2006 for services that
include computer application design, development and testing as well as the
operation of a data center that hosts many of the computer applications
operated throughout AT&T. These contracts are based on the level of services
we require and include termination fees if the level of services required is
reduced in excess of limits outlined in the agreements. These contracts also
include termination fee clauses if we exit the contracts. Since these
contracts are based on the level of services we require, we assess our
minimum exposure based on the termination fees to exit the contracts which
decline each year throughout the term of the contracts. If we elect to exit
these contracts, the maximum termination fees we would be obligated to pay
in the year of termination would be approximately $475 million in 2002, $360
million in 2003, $310 million in 2004, $240 million in 2005 or $165 million
in 2006.
(e) In connection with the decision to unwind Concert, AT&T has agreed to
acquire the 9% interest of AT&T Canada owned by British Telecommunications
plc (BT) and assume BT's portion of the obligation to purchase the AT&T
Canada shares not already owned by AT&T and BT. We do not know the timing
or amounts we will have to pay in connection with this obligation but, in
2001, AT&T recorded a liability of $3.0 billion reflecting the estimated
loss on AT&T's commitment to purchase the publicly owned shares of AT&T
Canada.
(f) AT&T Broadband is party to an agreement under which it purchases certain
billing services from CSG Systems, Inc. ("CSG"). Unless terminated by
either party pursuant to terms of the agreement, the agreement expires on
December 31, 2012. The agreement calls for monthly payments which are
subject to adjustments and conditions pursuant to the terms of the
underlying agreements.
(g) In 1997, AT&T Broadband's predecessor, TCI, entered into a 25-year
affiliation term sheet with Starz Encore Group pursuant to which AT&T may be
obligated to pay fixed monthly amounts in exchange for unlimited access to
all of the existing Encore and STARZ! programming. The future commitment,
which
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is calculated based on a fixed number of subscribers, increases annually from
$306 in 2002 to $315 in 2003 and will increase annually through 2022 with
inflation, subject to certain adjustments, including increases in the number of
subscribers. The amounts in the above table do not take into account any
increase in subscribers or expected inflation. The affiliation term sheet
further provides that to the extent Starz Encore Group's programming costs
increase above certain levels, AT&T's payments under the term sheet will be
increased in proportion to the excess. Excess programming costs that may be
payable by AT&T in future years are not presently estimable and could be
significant.
<Table>
<Caption>
COMMITMENTS BY PERIOD
-----------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL AMOUNTS LESS THAN 2-3 4-5 AFTER 5
OTHER COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS COMMITTED 1 YEAR YEARS YEARS YEARS
- ---------------------------- ------------- --------- --------- --------- -------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Guarantees........................ $1,522 $55 $-- $-- $1,467
</Table>
RISK MANAGEMENT
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest and foreign exchange
rates, as well as changes in equity prices associated with previously affiliated
companies. In addition, we are exposed to market risk from fluctuations in the
prices of securities, some of which we have monetized through the issuance of
debt. On a limited basis, we use certain derivative financial instruments,
including interest rate swaps, options, forwards, equity hedges and other
derivative contracts, to manage these risks. We do not use financial instruments
for trading or speculative purposes. All financial instruments are used in
accordance with board-approved policies.
We enter into foreign currency contracts to minimize our exposure to risk
of adverse changes in currency exchange rates. We are subject to foreign
exchange risk for foreign-currency-denominated transactions, such as debt
issued, recognized payables and receivables and forecasted transactions. As of
December 31, 2001, our foreign currency market exposures were principally
Canadian dollars, Euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs and Brazilian reais.
The fair value of foreign exchange contracts is subject to the changes in
foreign currency exchange rates. For the purposes of assessing specific risks,
we use a sensitivity analysis to determine the effects that market risk
exposures may have on the fair value of our financial instruments and results of
operations. To perform the sensitivity analysis, we assess the risk of loss in
fair values from the effect of a hypothetical 10% change in the value of foreign
currencies, assuming no change in interest rates. For contracts outstanding at
December 31, 2001 and 2000, a 10% appreciation of the US dollar against foreign
currencies from the prevailing rates would have resulted in an incremental
pretax net unrealized loss of approximately $492 million and $6 million,
respectively. The increase of the change from last year is primarily due to
approximately $5.3 billion of foreign exchange contracts entered into relating
to the commencement of a Euro Commercial Paper Program and our obligation to
purchase the outstanding AT&T Canada shares we do not own. Because our foreign
exchange contracts are entered into for hedging purposes, we believe that these
losses would be largely offset by gains on the underlying transactions.
The model to determine sensitivity assumes a parallel shift in all foreign
currency exchange rates, although exchange rates rarely move in the same
direction. Additionally, the amounts above do not necessarily represent the
actual changes in fair value we would incur under normal market conditions,
because all variables other than the exchange rates are held constant in the
calculations.
We use interest rate swaps to manage the impact of interest rate changes on
earnings and cash flows. We monitor our interest rate risk on the basis of
changes in fair value. The fair value of our fixed-rate long-term debt is
sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes would result in
gains or losses in the market value of the debt due to differences between the
market interest rates and rates at the inception of the obligation. We perform a
sensitivity analysis on our fixed-rate long-term debt to assess the risk of
changes in fair value. The model to determine sensitivity assumes a hypothetical
10% parallel shift in all interest rates. At December 31, 2001 and 2000,
assuming a 10% increase in interest rates, the fair value of interest rate swaps
and the underlying hedged debt would have decreased by $22 million and $11
million, respectively.
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In both 2001 and 2000, we entered into combined interest rate forward
contracts to hedge foreign-currency-denominated debt. Assuming a 10% downward
shift in interest rates, the fair value of the contracts and the underlying
hedged debt would have changed by $112 million and $88 million respectively.
Assuming a 10% downward shift in interest rates at December 31, 2001 and
2000, the fair value of unhedged debt would have increased by $1.4 billion and
$1.2 billion, respectively.
We have certain notes which are indexed to the market price of equity
securities we own. Certain of these notes contain embedded derivatives, while
other debt is issued in conjunction with net purchased options. Changes in the
market prices of these securities result in changes in the fair value of the
derivatives. Assuming a 10% downward change in the market price of these
securities, the fair value of the combined collars and underlying debt would
decrease by $661 million and $534 million at December 31, 2001, and 2000
respectively. Because these collars hedge the underlying equity securities
monetized, we believe that the increase in the fair value of the collars would
be largely offset by decreases in the fair value of the underlying equity
securities. The changes in fair values referenced above do not represent the
actual changes in fair value we would incur under normal market conditions
because all variables other than the equity prices were held constant in the
calculations.
We use equity hedges to manage our exposure to changes in equity prices
associated with stock appreciation rights (SARs) of previously affiliated
companies. Assuming a 10% decrease in equity prices of these companies, the fair
value of the equity hedges (net liability) would have increased by $27 million
and $29 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Because these
contracts are entered into for hedging purposes, we believe that the decrease in
fair value would be largely offset by decreases in the underlying SAR
liabilities.
In order to determine the changes in fair value of our various financial
instruments, including options, equity collars and SARS, we use certain
financial modeling techniques, including Black-Scholes. We apply rate
sensitivity changes directly to our interest rate swap transactions and forward
rate sensitivity to our foreign currency forward contracts.
The changes in fair value, as discussed above, assume the occurrence of
certain market conditions, which could have an adverse financial impact on the
Company. They do not consider the potential effect of changes in market factors
that would result in favorable impacts to us, and do not represent projected
losses in fair value that we expect to incur. Future impacts would be based on
actual developments in global financial markets. We do not foresee any
significant changes in the strategies used to manage interest rate risk, foreign
currency rate risk or equity price risk in the near future.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
<S> <C> <C>
Total assets................................................ $165,282 $234,360
Total liabilities........................................... 105,322 121,611
Total shareowners' equity................................... 51,680 103,198
</Table>
Total assets decreased $69.1 billion, or 29.5%, to $165.3 billion at
December 31, 2001, from $234.4 billion at December 31, 2000. This decrease was
primarily due to the split-off of LMG in August 2001 and AT&T Wireless in July
2001. In addition, the decrease was due to lower investments and related
advances resulting from the write-down of Concert and Net2Phone, and unfavorable
mark-to-market adjustments on certain investments as well as the sale of other
investments; lower franchise costs as a result of the net disposition of cable
systems and amortization; and lower goodwill, primarily driven by the
impairments associated with Excite@Home, as well as amortization. Partially
offsetting these decreases was a higher cash balance, primarily reflecting
proceeds from our $10.0 billion bond offering in November 2001.
Total liabilities decreased $16.3 billion, or 13.4%, to $105.3 billion at
December 31, 2001, from $121.6 billion at December 31, 2000. This decrease was
primarily a result of lower debt, due to repayments,
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partially offset by our bond offering. In addition, deferred income taxes were
lower, primarily resulting from deferred tax assets recorded as a result of the
write-down of Concert, our obligation to purchase all of the outstanding shares
of AT&T Canada and cable systems sales, partially offset by a higher deferred
tax liability associated with greater tax depreciation. Also contributing to the
total liability decrease was the settlement with AT&T common stock of the
Excite@Home put obligation with Cox and Comcast. Partially offsetting these
decreases was an increase in other long-term liabilities and deferred credits
recorded in the third quarter of 2001 for our obligation to purchase all of the
outstanding shares of AT&T Canada.
Minority interest decreased $1.3 billion, or 26.5%, to $3.6 billion at
December 31, 2001, from $4.8 billion at December 31, 2000. This decrease was
primarily due to Excite@Home. Due to the significant losses of Excite@Home, we
fully utilized the minority interest balance during the third quarter of 2001,
and therefore no longer have a minority interest balance related to Excite@Home.
Total shareowners' equity decreased $51.5 billion, or 49.9%, to $51.7
billion at December 31, 2001, from $103.2 billion at December 31, 2000. This
decrease was primarily due to the split-off of LMG, the net impacts of the
split-off of AT&T Wireless and net losses from continuing operations. The
decrease was partially offset by the issuance of stock to settle the Excite@Home
put obligation with Cox and Comcast.
In September and December 2001, when AT&T declared its quarterly dividends
to the AT&T Common Stock Group shareowners, the company was in an accumulated
deficit position primarily as a result of the split-off of AT&T Wireless. As a
result, the company reduced additional paid-in capital by $0.3 billion, the
entire amount of the dividends declared.
The ratio of total debt to total capital for AT&T's continuing operations,
excluding LMG (debt of continuing operations divided by total debt of continuing
operations and equity excluding discontinued operations and LMG) was 47.7% at
December 31, 2001, compared with 57.2% at December 31, 2000. For purposes of
this calculation, equity includes the convertible trust preferred securities, as
well as subsidiary redeemable preferred stock and excludes the equity of
discontinued operations and LMG at December 31, 2000. In addition, included in
debt of continuing operations was approximately $8.6 billion and $8.7 billion of
notes at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, which are exchangeable into
or collateralized by securities we own. Excluding this debt, the debt ratio for
AT&T's continuing operations at December 31, 2001, was 43.4%, compared with
53.6% at December 31, 2000. The lower debt, as well as increased equity drove
the decreases in the debt ratios.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 141, "Business
Combinations" which supercedes Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 16.
SFAS No. 141 requires all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001,
to be accounted for under the purchase method. In addition, SFAS No. 141
establishes criteria for the recognition of intangible assets separately from
goodwill. The adoption of SFAS No. 141 will not have a material effect on AT&T's
results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Also in June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets" which supercedes APB Opinion No. 17. Under SFAS No. 142,
goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets will no longer be amortized, but
rather will be tested for impairment upon adoption and at least annually
thereafter. In addition, the amortization period of intangible assets with
finite lives will no longer be limited to 40 years. SFAS No. 142 is effective
for AT&T as of January 1, 2002. In connection with the adoption of this
standard, AT&T's unamortized goodwill balance and excess basis related to equity
method investments will no longer be amortized, but will continue to be tested
for impairment. The goodwill balance as of December 31, 2001, was $24.7 billion,
and the related amortization in 2001 was $0.9 billion. The excess basis balance
at December 31, 2001, was $8.8 billion, with related amortization in 2001 of
$207 million. In addition, we have determined that our franchise costs are
indefinite-lived assets, as defined in SFAS No. 142, and therefore will not be
subject to amortization beginning in 2002. The balance of our franchise costs as
of December 31, 2001, was $42.8 billion and the related amortization for 2001
was $1.2 billion. The adoption of SFAS No. 142 will have a significant impact on
our future operating results due to the cessation of goodwill and franchise cost
amortization. For
88
<PAGE>
2001, the amortization of goodwill, excess basis and franchise costs had an
approximate impact of $0.45 per share. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, goodwill
was tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of our reporting units to
their carrying values. As of January 1, 2002, the fair value of the reporting
units' goodwill exceeded their carrying value, and therefore no impairment loss
will be recognized upon adoption. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, the franchise
costs were tested for impairment as of January 1, 2002, by comparing the fair
value to the carrying value (at market level). An impairment loss of $0.9
billion, net of taxes of $0.5 billion will be recognized as a change in
accounting principle in the first quarter of 2002.
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations". This standard requires that obligations associated with
the retirement of tangible long-lived assets be recorded as liabilities when
those obligations are incurred, with the amount of the liability initially
measured at fair value. Upon initially recognizing a liability for an asset
retirement obligation, an entity must capitalize the cost by recognizing an
increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Over time, this
liability is accreted to its present value, and the capitalized cost is
depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the
liability, an entity either settles the obligation for its recorded amount or
incurs a gain or loss upon settlement. SFAS No. 143 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. For AT&T, this
means that the standard will be adopted on January 1, 2003. AT&T does not expect
that the adoption of this statement will have a material impact on AT&T's
results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" which supercedes SFAS No. 121,
"Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to
Be Disposed Of". SFAS No. 144 applies to all long-lived assets, including
discontinued operations, and consequently amends APB opinion No. 30, "Reporting
the Results of Operations-Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a
Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and
Transactions." Based on SFAS No. 121, SFAS No. 144 develops one accounting model
for long-lived assets that are to be disposed of by sale, as well as addresses
the principal implementation issues. SFAS No. 144 requires that long-lived
assets that are to be disposed of by sale be measured at the lower of book value
or fair value less cost to sell. Additionally, SFAS No. 144 expands the scope of
discontinued operations to include all components of an entity with operations
that (1) can be distinguished from the rest of the entity and (2) will be
eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity in a disposal transaction.
SFAS No. 144 also amends Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 51,
"Consolidated Financial Statements" to eliminate the exception to consolidation
for a subsidiary for which control is likely to be temporary. SFAS No. 144 is
effective for AT&T as of January 1, 2002. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 will not
have a material impact on AT&T's results of operations, financial position or
cash flows.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In March 2002, AT&T Canada announced the formation of a committee of the
board of directors to help AT&T Canada with issues they are facing in the
foreseeable future. Such issues include a significant regulatory decision
expected in the next month which could have a significant impact on the future
of sustainable competition in Canada; the effect of AT&T satisfying its
obligation to purchase the share of AT&T Canada it does not own; and the impact
of these events on operating and financial results of AT&T Canada. In addition,
the committee appointed financial advisors to evaluate various scenarios
regarding issues, opportunities and alternatives for AT&T Canada. It is expected
that the outcome of these evaluations will have a negative effect on the
underlying value of AT&T Canada shares, which will result in AT&T recording up
to $250 million of additional losses on its commitment to purchase the publicly
owned shares of A&T Canada, excluding any impact of the floor price accretion.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information required by this Item is contained in the section entitled
"Risk Management" in Item 7.
89
<PAGE>
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF MANAGEMENT
Management is responsible for the preparation, integrity and objectivity of
the consolidated financial statements and all other financial information
included in this report. Management is also responsible for maintaining a system
of internal controls as a fundamental requirement for the operational and
financial integrity of results. The financial statements, which reflect the
consolidated accounts of AT&T Corp. and subsidiaries (AT&T) and other financial
information shown, were prepared in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles. Estimates included in the financial statements were based
on judgments of qualified personnel. To maintain its system of internal
controls, management carefully selects key personnel and establishes the
organizational structure to provide an appropriate division of responsibility.
We believe it is essential to conduct business affairs in accordance with the
highest ethical standards as set forth in the AT&T Code of Conduct. These
guidelines and other informational programs are designed and used to ensure that
policies, standards and managerial authorities are understood throughout the
organization. Our internal auditors monitor compliance with the system of
internal controls by means of an annual plan of internal audits. On an ongoing
basis, the system of internal controls is reviewed, evaluated and revised as
necessary in light of the results of constant management oversight, internal and
independent audits, changes in AT&T's business and other conditions. Management
believes that the system of internal controls, taken as a whole, provides
reasonable assurance that (1) financial records are adequate and can be relied
upon to permit the preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles, and (2) access to assets occurs only
in accordance with management's authorizations.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which is composed of
directors who are not employees, meets periodically with management, the
internal auditors and the independent accountants to review the manner in which
these groups of individuals are performing their responsibilities and to carry
out the Audit Committee's oversight role with respect to auditing, internal
controls and financial reporting matters. Periodically, both the internal
auditors and the independent accountants meet privately with the Audit Committee
and have access to its individual members at any time.
The consolidated financial statements in this annual report have been
audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Accountants. Their audits
were conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and
include an assessment of the internal control structure and selective tests of
transactions. Their report follows.
<Table>
<S> <C>
C. Michael Armstrong Charles H. Noski
Chairman of the Board, Vice Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial Officer
</Table>
90
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and
Shareowners of AT&T Corp.:
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements
of income, changes in shareowners' equity and of cash flows present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of AT&T Corp. and its subsidiaries
(AT&T) at December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the results of their operations and
their cash flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2001, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America. These financial statements are the responsibility of AT&T's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements as of and for the years
ended December 31, 2000 and 1999 of Liberty Media Group, an equity method
investee, which was acquired by AT&T on March 9, 1999. AT&T's financial
statements include an investment of $34,290 million as of December 31, 2000, and
equity method earnings (losses) of $1,488 million and $(2,022) million, for the
years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Those statements were
audited by other auditors whose report thereon has been furnished to us, and our
opinion expressed herein, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for
Liberty Media Group, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999,
is based solely on the report of the other auditors. We conducted our audits of
these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the
United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits and the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
As discussed in the notes to the financial statements, AT&T was required to
adopt Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, effective January 1, 2001.
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
New York, New York
March 25, 2002
91
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS
EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue..................................................... $52,550 $55,533 $54,973
------- ------- -------
Operating Expenses
Costs of services and products (excluding depreciation of
$4,818, $4,410 and $4,215 included below)................. 13,960 12,795 11,013
Access and other connection................................. 12,136 13,140 14,439
Selling, general and administrative......................... 10,832 9,752 10,894
Depreciation and other amortization......................... 6,865 5,924 5,137
Amortization of goodwill, franchise costs and other
purchased intangibles..................................... 2,473 2,665 1,057
Net restructuring and other charges......................... 2,530 7,029 975
------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses.................................... 48,796 51,305 43,515
------- ------- -------
Operating income............................................ 3,754 4,228 11,458
Other (expense) income...................................... (1,547) 1,150 826
Interest expense............................................ 3,242 2,964 1,503
------- ------- -------
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income
taxes, minority interest, and (losses) earnings related to
equity investments........................................ (1,035) 2,414 10,781
(Benefit) provision for income taxes........................ (791) 3,284 4,016
Minority interest income (expense).......................... 963 4,103 (126)
Equity (losses) earnings from Liberty Media Group........... (2,711) 1,488 (2,022)
Net losses related to other equity investments.............. 4,850 588 756
------- ------- -------
(Loss) income from continuing operations.................... (6,842) 4,133 3,861
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (net of income
taxes of $158, $307, and $(238)).......................... 150 536 (433)
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations.............. 13,503 -- --
------- ------- -------
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change........ 6,811 4,669 3,428
Cumulative effect of accounting change -- (net of income
taxes of $578)............................................ 904 -- --
------- ------- -------
Net income.................................................. 7,715 4,669 3,428
Dividend requirements of preferred stock.................... 652 -- --
Premium on exchange of AT&T Wireless tracking stock......... 80 -- --
------- ------- -------
Net income available to common shareowners.................. $ 6,983 $ 4,669 $ 3,428
======= ======= =======
AT&T Common Stock Group -- per basic share:
(Loss) earnings from continuing operations.................. $ (1.33) $ 0.76 $ 1.91
Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations................ 0.03 0.13 (0.14)
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations.............. 3.70 -- --
Cumulative effect of accounting change...................... 0.10 -- --
------- ------- -------
AT&T Common Stock Group earnings............................ $ 2.50 $ 0.89 $ 1.77
======= ======= =======
AT&T Common Stock Group -- per diluted share:
(Loss) earnings from continuing operations.................. $ (1.33) $ 0.75 $ 1.87
Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations................ 0.03 0.13 (0.13)
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations.............. 3.70 -- --
Cumulative effect of accounting change...................... 0.10 -- --
------- ------- -------
AT&T Common Stock Group earnings............................ $ 2.50 $ 0.88 $ 1.74
======= ======= =======
AT&T Wireless Group -- per basic and diluted share:
Earnings from discontinued operations....................... $ 0.08 $ 0.21 $ --
Liberty Media Group -- per basic and diluted share:
(Loss) earnings -- before cumulative effect of accounting
change.................................................... $ (1.05) $ 0.58 $ (0.80)
Cumulative effect of accounting change...................... 0.21 -- --
------- ------- -------
Liberty Media Group (loss) earnings......................... $ (0.84) $ 0.58 $ (0.80)
======= ======= =======
</Table>
The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
92
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000
--------- ---------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents................................... $ 10,592 $ 64
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $827 and $1,185..... 7,736 9,408
Other receivables........................................... 1,645 1,645
Investments................................................. 668 2,102
Deferred income taxes....................................... 1,230 720
Other current assets........................................ 657 781
-------- --------
Total Current Assets 22,528 14,720
-------- --------
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... 41,322 41,269
Franchise costs, net of accumulated amortization of $2,501
and $1,664................................................ 42,819 48,218
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization of $1,307 and
$609...................................................... 24,675 26,782
Investment in Liberty Media Group and related receivables,
net....................................................... -- 34,290
Other investments and related advances...................... 23,818 30,875
Prepaid pension costs....................................... 3,337 3,003
Other assets................................................ 6,783 7,979
Net assets of discontinued operations....................... -- 27,224
-------- --------
Total Assets................................................ $165,282 $234,360
======== ========
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable............................................ $ 4,744 $ 5,382
Payroll and benefit-related liabilities..................... 2,084 1,991
Debt maturing within one year............................... 12,958 31,838
Liability under put options................................. -- 2,564
Other current liabilities................................... 5,641 6,200
-------- --------
Total Current Liabilities................................... 25,427 47,975
-------- --------
Long-term debt.............................................. 40,527 33,089
Long-term benefit-related liabilities....................... 3,594 3,670
Deferred income taxes....................................... 28,160 32,054
Other long-term liabilities and deferred credits............ 7,614 4,823
-------- --------
Total Liabilities........................................... 105,322 121,611
-------- --------
Minority Interest........................................... 3,560 4,841
Company-Obligated Convertible Quarterly Income Preferred
Securities of Subsidiary Trust Holding Solely Subordinated
Debt Securities of AT&T................................... 4,720 4,710
SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY
Common Stock:
AT&T Common Stock, $1 par value, authorized 6,000,000,000
shares; issued and outstanding 3,542,405,744 shares (net
of 851,746,431 treasury shares) at December 31, 2001 and
3,760,151,185 shares (net of 416,887,452 treasury shares)
at December 31, 2000...................................... 3,542 3,760
AT&T Wireless Group Common Stock, $1 par value, authorized
6,000,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 361,802,200
shares at December 31, 2000............................... -- 362
Liberty Media Group Class A Common Stock, $1 par value,
authorized 4,000,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding
2,363,738,198 shares (net of 59,512,496 treasury shares)
at December 31, 2000...................................... -- 2,364
Liberty Media Group Class B Common Stock, $1 par value,
authorized 400,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding
206,221,288 shares (net of 10,607,776 treasury shares) at
December 31, 2000......................................... -- 206
Additional paid-in capital.................................. 51,964 90,496
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings..................... (3,484) 7,408
Accumulated other comprehensive loss........................ (342) (1,398)
-------- --------
Total Shareowners' Equity................................... 51,680 103,198
-------- --------
Total Liabilities and Shareowners' Equity................... $165,282 $234,360
======== ========
</Table>
The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
93
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- --------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AT&T Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year.............................. $ 3,760 $ 3,196 $ 2,630
Shares issued (acquired), net:
Under employee plans................................... 15 3 --
For acquisitions....................................... 44 607 566
Settlement of put option............................... 155 -- --
For Wireless tracking stock exchange................... (372) -- --
Other*................................................. (60) (46) --
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... 3,542 3,760 3,196
-------- -------- -------
AT&T Wireless Group Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year.............................. 362 -- --
Shares issued:
For stock offering..................................... -- 360 --
Under employee plans................................... 2 2 --
For Wireless stock exchange............................ 438 -- --
Conversion of preferred stock.......................... 406 -- --
AT&T Wireless Group split-off............................... (1,208) -- --
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... -- 362 --
-------- -------- -------
Liberty Media Group Class A Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year.............................. 2,364 2,314 --
Shares issued (acquired), net:
For acquisitions....................................... -- 62 2,280
Other.................................................. 14 (12) 34
Liberty Media Group split-off............................. (2,378) -- --
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... -- 2,364 2,314
-------- -------- -------
Liberty Media Group Class B Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year.............................. 206 217 --
Shares issued (acquired), net............................. 6 (11) 220
Liberty Media Group split-off............................. (212) -- --
Other..................................................... -- -- (3)
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... -- 206 217
-------- -------- -------
Additional Paid-In Capital
Balance at beginning of year.............................. 90,496 59,526 15,195
Shares issued (acquired), net:
Under employee plans................................... 279 98 431
For acquisitions....................................... 827 23,097 42,425
Settlement of put option............................... 3,237 -- --
Other*................................................. (1,007) (2,767) 323
Proceeds in excess of par value from issuance of AT&T
Wireless common stock.................................. -- 9,915 --
Common stock warrants issued.............................. -- -- 306
Gain on issuance of common stock by affiliates............ 20 530 667
Conversion of preferred stock............................. 9,631 -- --
AT&T Wireless Group split-off............................. (20,955) -- --
</Table>
94
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY -- (CONTINUED)
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- --------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Liberty Media Group split-off............................. (30,768) -- --
Wireless tracking stock exchange.......................... 14 -- --
Beneficial conversion value of preferred stock............ 295 -- --
Dividends declared -- AT&T Common Stock Group............. (265) -- --
Other..................................................... 160 97 179
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... 51,964 90,496 59,526
-------- -------- -------
Guaranteed ESOP Obligation
Balance at beginning of year.............................. -- (17) (44)
Amortization.............................................. -- 17 27
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... -- -- (17)
-------- -------- -------
(Accumulated Deficit)/Retained Earnings
Balance at beginning of year.............................. 7,408 6,712 7,800
Net income................................................ 7,715 4,669 3,428
Dividends declared -- AT&T Common Stock Group............. (275) (2,485) (2,807)
Dividends accrued -- preferred stock...................... (652) -- --
Premium on exchange of AT&T Wireless tracking stock....... (80) -- --
Treasury shares issued at less than cost.................. (7) (1,488) (1,709)
AT&T Wireless Group split-off............................. (17,593) -- --
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... (3,484) 7,408 6,712
-------- -------- -------
Accumulated Comprehensive Income
Balance at beginning of year.............................. (1,398) 6,979 (59)
Other comprehensive income................................ 1,742 (8,377) 7,038
AT&T Wireless Group split-off............................. 72 -- --
Liberty Media Group split-off............................. (758) -- --
-------- -------- -------
Balance at end of year...................................... (342) (1,398) 6,979
-------- -------- -------
Total Shareowners' Equity................................... $ 51,680 $103,198 $78,927
======== ======== =======
Summary of Total Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change........ $ 6,811 $ 4,669 $ 3,428
Cumulative effect of accounting change...................... 904 -- --
Net income.................................................. 7,715 4,669 3,428
Other comprehensive income (loss)[net of income taxes of
$1,119, $(5,348) and $4,600].............................. 1,742 (8,377) 7,038
-------- -------- -------
Comprehensive Income (Loss)................................. $ 9,457 $ (3,708) $10,466
======== ======== =======
</Table>
- ---------------
AT&T accounts for treasury stock as retired stock.
We have 100 million authorized shares of preferred stock at $1 par value.
* Other activity in 2001 and 2000 represents AT&T common stock received in
exchange for entities owning certain cable systems.
The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
95
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income.................................................. $ 7,715 $ 4,669 $ 3,428
Deduct:
Income (loss) from discontinued operations................ 150 536 (433)
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations............ 13,503 -- --
-------- -------- --------
(Loss) income from continuing operations.................... (5,938) 4,133 3,861
Adjustments to reconcile (loss) income from continuing
operations to net cash provided by operating activities of
continuing operations:
Cumulative effect of accounting change -- net of income
taxes................................................... (904) -- --
Net gains on sales of businesses and investments.......... (528) (1,321) (585)
Cost investment impairment charges........................ 1,083 248 40
Put option settlement loss and mark-to-market charges..... 838 537 --
Net restructuring and other charges....................... 2,343 6,793 678
Depreciation and amortization............................. 9,338 8,589 6,194
Provision for uncollectible receivables................... 1,130 1,080 1,216
Deferred income taxes..................................... (4,818) 341 354
Net revaluation of certain financial instruments.......... 809 -- --
Minority interest (income) expense........................ (1,263) (4,329) 24
Net equity losses (earnings) from Liberty Media Group..... 2,711 (1,488) 2,022
Net losses related to other equity investments............ 7,889 1,017 1,223
Decrease (increase) in receivables........................ 716 (2,512) (2,409)
Decrease in accounts payable.............................. (819) (577) (165)
Net change in other operating assets and liabilities...... (2,153) (376) (1,785)
Other adjustments, net.................................... 124 (470) (159)
-------- -------- --------
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities of Continuing
Operations................................................ 10,558 11,665 10,509
-------- -------- --------
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures and other additions.................... (9,300) (11,511) (11,876)
Proceeds from sale or disposal of property, plant and
equipment................................................. 83 600 286
(Increase) decrease in other receivables.................... (114) (1,052) 17
Sales of marketable securities.............................. 102 96 --
Purchases of marketable securities.......................... (18) -- --
Investment distributions and sales.......................... 3,014 992 1,574
Investment contributions and purchases...................... (378) (2,394) (7,837)
Net dispositions (acquisitions) of businesses, net of cash
disposed/acquired......................................... 4,913 (16,657) (5,969)
Other investing activities, net............................. (162) (119) (79)
-------- -------- --------
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities of Continuing
Operations................................................ (1,860) (30,045) (23,884)
-------- -------- --------
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from long-term debt issuances, net of issuance
costs..................................................... 12,415 4,601 8,396
Retirement of long-term debt................................ (1,661) (2,118) (2,255)
(Decrease) increase in short-term borrowings, net........... (17,168) 16,973 10,173
Repayment of borrowings from AT&T Wireless.................. (5,803) -- --
Issuance of convertible preferred securities and warrants... 9,811 -- 4,638
Redemption of redeemable securities......................... -- (152) --
Issuance of AT&T common shares.............................. 224 99 --
Issuance of AT&T Wireless Group common shares............... 54 10,314 --
Net issuance (acquisition) of treasury shares............... 24 (581) (4,624)
Dividends paid on common stock.............................. (549) (3,047) (2,712)
Dividends paid on preferred securities...................... (336) (294) (135)
Other financing activities, net............................. (41) (63) 373
-------- -------- --------
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities of
Continuing Operations..................................... (3,030) 25,732 13,854
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations...... 4,860 (8,306) (2,594)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents........ 10,528 (954) (2,115)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year.............. 64 1,018 3,133
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.................... $ 10,592 $ 64 $ 1,018
======== ======== ========
</Table>
The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
96
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED (EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include all controlled subsidiaries.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation. Investments in majority-owned subsidiaries where control does not
exist and investments in which we exercise significant influence but do not
control (generally a 20% to 50% ownership interest) are accounted for under the
equity method of accounting. Investments in which there is no significant
influence (generally less than a 20% ownership interest) are accounted for under
the cost method of accounting.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
For operations outside the United States that prepare financial statements
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, we translate income statement amounts
at average exchange rates for the year, and we translate assets and liabilities
at year-end exchange rates. We present these translation adjustments as a
component of accumulated other comprehensive income within shareowners' equity.
Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in results of
operations.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
We recognize long distance, local voice and data services revenue based
upon minutes of traffic processed or contracted fee schedules. Cable video and
nonvideo installation revenue is recognized in the period the installation
services are provided to the extent of direct selling costs. Any remaining
amount is deferred and recognized over the estimated average period that
customers are expected to remain connected to the cable distribution systems.
Customer activation fees, along with the related costs up to but not exceeding
the revenue, are deferred and amortized over the customer relationship period.
We recognize other products and services revenue when the products are delivered
and accepted by customers and when services are provided in accordance with
contract terms. For contracts where we provide customers with an indefeasible
right to use network capacity, we recognize revenue ratably over the stated life
of the agreement.
ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL COSTS
We expense costs of advertising and promotions, including cash incentives
used to acquire customers, as incurred. Advertising and promotional expenses
were $1,549, $1,377 and $1,418 in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Of these
amounts, $236, $288 and $320 were cash incentives to acquire customers in 2001,
2000 and 1999, respectively.
INCOME TAXES
Under the balance sheet method we recognize deferred tax assets and
liabilities at enacted income tax rates for the temporary differences between
the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities.
Any effects of changes in income tax rates or tax laws are included in the
provision for income taxes in the period of enactment. When it is more likely
than not that a portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized in
the future, we provide a corresponding valuation allowance against the deferred
tax asset. We amortize investment tax credits as a reduction to the provision
for income taxes over the useful lives of the assets that produced the credits.
CASH EQUIVALENTS
We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of
generally three months or less to be cash equivalents.
97
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
We state property, plant and equipment at cost. Construction costs, labor
and applicable overhead related to installations and interest during
construction are capitalized. Costs of additions and substantial improvements to
property, plant and equipment are capitalized. The costs of maintenance and
repairs of property, plant and equipment are charged to operating expense.
Depreciation is determined based upon the assets' estimated useful lives using
either the group or unit method. The useful lives of communications and network
equipment range from three to 15 years. The useful lives of other equipment
ranges from three to seven years. The useful lives of buildings and improvements
range from 10 to 40 years. The group method is used for most depreciable assets,
including the majority of communications and network equipment. The unit method
is primarily used for large computer systems, buildings and support assets.
Under the group method, a specific asset group has an average life. The
depreciation rate is developed based on the average useful life for the specific
asset group. This method requires the periodic revision of depreciation rates.
Under the unit method, assets are depreciated based on the useful life of the
individual asset. When we sell or retire assets depreciated using the group
method, the cost is deducted from property, plant and equipment and charged to
accumulated depreciation, without recognition of a gain or loss. When we sell
assets that were depreciated using the unit method, we include the related gains
or losses in "Other income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
We use accelerated depreciation methods primarily for certain
high-technology computer-processing equipment and digital equipment used in the
telecommunications network, except for switching equipment placed in service
before 1989, where a straight-line method is used. All other plant and equipment
is depreciated on a straight-line basis.
FRANCHISE COSTS
Franchise costs include the value assigned to agreements with local
authorities that allow access to homes in cable service areas acquired in
connection with business combinations. Such amounts are amortized on a
straight-line basis over 25 or 40 years. Beginning in 2002, in accordance with
the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 142,
"Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", such franchise costs will no longer be
amortized, but will continue to be tested for impairment (see Note 23).
GOODWILL
Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net
assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the purchase
method. We amortize goodwill on a straight-line basis over the periods
benefited, ranging from five to 40 years. Beginning in 2002, in accordance with
the provisions of SFAS No. 142 such goodwill will no longer be amortized, but
will continue to be tested for impairment (see Note 23).
SOFTWARE CAPITALIZATION
Certain direct development costs associated with internal-use software are
capitalized, including external direct costs of material and services, and
payroll costs for employees devoting time to the software projects. These costs
are included within other assets and are amortized over a period not to exceed
five years beginning when the asset is substantially ready for use. Costs
incurred during the preliminary project stage, as well as maintenance and
training costs, are expensed as incurred. AT&T also capitalizes initial
operating-system software costs and amortizes them over the life of the
associated hardware.
AT&T also capitalizes costs associated with the development of application
software incurred from the time technological feasibility is established until
the software is ready to provide service to customers. These
98
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
capitalized costs are included in property, plant and equipment and are
amortized over a useful life not to exceed five years.
VALUATION OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, franchise costs,
goodwill, investments and software, are reviewed for impairment annually or
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may not be recoverable. If the total of the expected future undiscounted cash
flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for
the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the asset.
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
We use derivative financial instruments to mitigate market risk from
changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices.
Derivative financial instruments may be exchange-traded or contracted in the
over-the-counter market and include swaps, options, warrants and forward
contracts. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative
purposes.
All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. To
qualify for hedge accounting treatment, derivatives, at inception, must be
designated as hedges and evaluated for effectiveness throughout the hedge
period. We designate certain derivative contracts, at the date entered into, as
either (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an
unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge), (2) a hedge of a forecasted
transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related
to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge) or (3) a foreign currency
fair value or cash flow hedge (foreign currency hedge). Other derivatives
(undesignated) are not formally designated for accounting purposes. These
derivatives, except for warrants, although undesignated for accounting purposes
are entered into to hedge economic risks.
We record changes in the fair value of fair-value hedges (including fair
value foreign currency hedges), along with the changes in fair value of the
hedged asset or liability that is attributable to the hedged risk (including
losses or gains on firm commitments), in "Other income (expense)" in the
Consolidated Statement of Income.
We record changes in the fair value of cash-flow hedges (including foreign
currency cash flow hedges) that are highly effective in "Other comprehensive
income", net of income taxes, as a component of shareowners' equity, until
earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged
transaction.
Changes in the fair value of undesignated derivatives are recorded in
"Other income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statement of Income, along with the
change in fair value of any related asset or liability.
We currently do not have any net investment hedges in a foreign operation.
We assess embedded derivatives to determine whether (1) the economic
characteristics of the embedded instruments are not clearly and closely related
to the economic characteristics of the remaining component of the financial
instrument (the host instrument) and (2) whether a separate instrument with the
same terms as the embedded instrument would meet the definition of a derivative
instrument. When it is determined that both conditions exist, we designate the
derivatives as described above, and recognize at fair value.
We formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and
hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for
undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all
derivatives that are designated as fair value or cash flow hedges to specific
assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or
forecasted transactions.
99
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
We discontinue hedge accounting prospectively when (1) it is determined
that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair
value of cash flows of a hedged item (2) the derivative expires or is sold,
terminated, or exercised; (3) it is determined that the forecasted hedged
transaction will no longer occur; (4) a hedged firm commitment no longer meets
the definition of a firm commitment or (5) management determines that the
designation of the derivative as a hedge instrument is no longer appropriate.
When hedge accounting is discontinued because it is determined that the
derivative no longer qualifies as an effective fair value hedge, the derivative
will continue to be adjusted for changes in fair value through "Other income
(expense)" in the Consolidated Statement of Income, and the hedged asset or
liability will no longer be adjusted for changes in fair value. When hedge
accounting is discontinued because the hedged item no longer meets the
definition of a firm commitment, the derivative will continue to be adjusted for
changes in the fair value through "Other income (expense)" in the Consolidated
Statement of Income, and any asset or liability that was recorded pursuant to
the recognition of the firm commitment will be removed from the balance sheet
and recorded in current period earnings. When hedge accounting is discontinued
because it is probable that a forecasted transaction will not occur, the
derivative will then be adjusted for changes in the fair value through "Other
income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statement of Income, and gains and losses
that were accumulated in "Other comprehensive income" as a component of
shareowners' equity, will be recognized immediately in "Other income (expense)"
in the Consolidated Statement of Income. In all other situations in which hedge
accounting is discontinued, the derivative will continue to be carried at fair
value on the balance sheet, with changes in its fair value recognized in "Other
income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and revenue and expenses during the period reported. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. Estimates are used when accounting for
certain items such as allowances for doubtful accounts, depreciation and
amortization, employee benefit plans, taxes, restructuring reserves and
contingencies.
CONCENTRATIONS
As of December 31, 2001, we do not have any significant concentration of
business transacted with a particular customer, supplier or lender that could,
if suddenly eliminated, severely impact our operations. We also do not have a
concentration of available sources of labor, services, franchises or other
rights that could, if suddenly eliminated, severely impact our operations. We
invest our cash with several high-quality credit institutions.
ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK BY AFFILIATES
Changes in our proportionate share of the underlying equity of a subsidiary
or equity method investee, which result from the issuance of additional equity
securities by such entity, are recognized as increases or decreases to
additional paid-in capital in the Consolidated Statements of Shareowners'
Equity.
100
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
RECLASSIFICATIONS AND RESTATEMENTS
We reclassified certain amounts for previous years to conform to the 2001
presentation.
2. RESTRUCTURING OF AT&T
On October 25, 2000, AT&T announced a restructuring plan designed to fully
separate or issue separately tracked stocks intended to reflect the financial
performance and economic value of each of AT&T's four major operating units.
On December 19, 2001, AT&T and Comcast Corporation (Comcast) announced an
agreement to combine AT&T Broadband with Comcast. Under the terms of the
agreement, AT&T will spin-off AT&T Broadband and simultaneously merge it with
Comcast, forming a new company to be called AT&T Comcast Corporation (AT&T
Comcast). AT&T shareowners will receive a number of shares of AT&T Comcast
common stock based on an exchange ratio calculated pursuant to a formula
specified in the merger agreement. If determined as of the date of the merger
agreement, the exchange ratio would have been approximately 0.34, assuming the
AT&T shares held by Comcast are included in the number of shares of AT&T common
stock outstanding. Assuming Comcast retains its AT&T shares and converts them
into exchangeable preferred stock of AT&T as contemplated by the merger
agreement, the exchange ratio would have been approximately 0.35. AT&T
shareowners will own a 56% economic stake and an approximate 66% voting interest
in the new company, calculated as of the date of the merger agreement. The
merger of AT&T Broadband and Comcast is subject to regulatory review, approval
by both companies' shareowners and certain other conditions and is expected to
close by the end of 2002. AT&T also intends to proceed with the creation of a
tracking stock for its AT&T Consumer Services business, which is expected to be
distributed to AT&T shareowners following shareowner approval in 2002. On
February 11, 2002, the company filed a preliminary proxy with the SEC, seeking
shareowner approval of the AT&T Broadband and Comcast merger, and the creation
of the AT&T Consumer Services tracking stock, among other things.
These restructuring activities are complicated and involve a substantial
number of steps and transactions, including obtaining various approvals, such as
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rulings. AT&T expects, however, that the
transactions associated with AT&T's restructuring plan will be tax-free to U.S.
shareowners. Future financial conditions, superior alternatives or other factors
may arise or occur that make it inadvisable to proceed with part or all of
AT&T's restructuring plans. Any or all of the elements of AT&T's restructuring
plan may not occur as we currently expect or in the time frames that we
currently contemplate, or at all. Alternative forms of restructuring, including
sales of interests in these businesses, would reduce what is available for
distribution to shareowners in the restructuring.
On May 25, 2001, AT&T completed an exchange offer of AT&T common stock for
AT&T Wireless stock. Under the terms of the exchange offer, AT&T issued 1.176
shares of AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock in exchange for each share of AT&T
common stock validly tendered. A total of 372.2 million shares of AT&T common
stock were tendered in exchange for 437.7 million shares of AT&T Wireless Group
tracking stock. In conjunction with the exchange offer, AT&T recorded an $80
premium as a reduction to net income available to common shareowners. The
premium represents the excess of the fair value of the AT&T Wireless Group
tracking stock issued over the fair value of the AT&T common stock exchanged.
On July 9, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of AT&T Wireless as a
separate, independently traded company. All AT&T Wireless Group tracking stock
was converted into AT&T Wireless common stock on a one-for-one basis, and 1,136
million shares of AT&T Wireless common stock, held by AT&T were distributed to
AT&T common shareowners on a basis of 0.3218 of a share of AT&T Wireless for
each AT&T share outstanding. AT&T common shareowners received whole shares of
AT&T Wireless and cash payments for fractional shares. The IRS ruled that the
transaction qualified as tax-free for AT&T and its shareowners for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, with the exception of cash received for fractional shares.
For accounting
101
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
purposes, the deemed effective split-off date was June 30, 2001. At the time of
split-off, AT&T retained approximately $3 billion, or 7.3%, of AT&T Wireless
common stock, about half of which was used in a debt-for-equity exchange in July
2001. The remaining portion of these holdings was monetized in October and
December of 2001 through the issuance of debt that is exchangeable into Wireless
shares (or their cash equivalent) at maturity. The split-off of AT&T Wireless
resulted in a noncash tax-free gain of $13.5 billion, which represented the
difference between the fair value of the AT&T Wireless tracking stock at the
date of the split-off and AT&T's book value in AT&T Wireless. This gain was
recorded in the third quarter of 2001 as a "Gain on disposition of discontinued
operations."
On August 10, 2001, AT&T completed the split-off of Liberty Media
Corporation as an independent, publicly traded company (since AT&T did not exit
the line of business that Liberty Media Group (LMG) operated in, LMG was not
accounted for as a discontinued operation). AT&T redeemed each outstanding share
of Class A and Class B LMG tracking stock for one share of Liberty Media
Corporation's Series A and Series B common stock, respectively. The IRS ruled
that the split-off of Liberty Media Corporation qualified as a tax-free
transaction for AT&T, Liberty Media and their shareowners. For accounting
purposes, the deemed effective split-off date was July 31, 2001.
3. SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INCOME STATEMENT INFORMATION
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------ ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INCLUDED IN SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Research and development expenses........................... $ 325 $ 402 $550
======= ====== ====
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME
Cost investment impairment charges.......................... $(1,083) $ (248) $(40)
Settlement loss and mark-to-market charges on Excite@Home
put options............................................... (838) (537) --
Net revaluation of certain financial instruments............ (809) -- --
Net gains on sales of businesses and investments............ 528 1,321 585
Investment-related income................................... 426 512 203
Miscellaneous, net.......................................... 229 102 78
------- ------ ----
Total other (expense) income................................ $(1,547) $1,150 $826
======= ====== ====
</Table>
102
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
SUPPLEMENTARY BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Communications, network and other equipment................. $ 64,372 $ 60,232
Buildings and improvements.................................. 8,512 8,643
Land and improvements....................................... 484 523
-------- --------
Total property, plant and equipment......................... 73,368 69,398
Accumulated depreciation.................................... (32,046) (28,129)
-------- --------
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... $ 41,322 $ 41,269
======== ========
</Table>
LEVERAGED LEASES
We lease airplanes, energy-producing facilities and transportation
equipment under leveraged leases having original terms of 10 to 30 years,
expiring in various years from 2004 through 2020. The investment in leveraged
leases is primarily included in other assets on the balance sheet. Following is
a summary of our investment in leveraged leases:
<Table>
<Caption>
AT DECEMBER 31,
---------------
2001 2000
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Rentals receivable (net of nonrecourse debt*)............... $1,241 $1,278
Estimated unguaranteed residual values...................... 964 976
Unearned income............................................. (953) (997)
Allowance for credit losses................................. (31) (33)
------ ------
Investment in leveraged leases (included in other assets)... 1,221 1,224
Deferred taxes.............................................. 1,105 1,124
------ ------
Net investment.............................................. $ 116 $ 100
====== ======
</Table>
- ---------------
* The rentals receivable are net of nonrecourse debt of $3.2 billion and $3.4
billion at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
103
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
SUPPLEMENTARY SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY INFORMATION
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Net foreign currency translation adjustment [net of income
taxes of $(160), $(181) and $87](1)..................... $ (250) $ (309) $ 148
Net revaluation of certain financial instruments:
Unrealized gains (losses) [net of income taxes of $343,
$(4,686) and $4,499](2).............................. 475 (7,317) 6,868
Recognition of previously unrealized losses (gains) on
available-for-sale securities [net of income taxes of
$950, $(480) and $7](3).............................. 1,535 (750) 10
Net minimum pension liability adjustment [net of income
taxes of $(14), $(1) and $7]............................ (18) (1) 12
------ ------- ------
Total other comprehensive income (loss)................... $1,742 $(8,377) $7,038
====== ======= ======
</Table>
- ---------------
(1) Includes LMG's foreign currency translation adjustments, net of applicable
income taxes, totaling $(149) in 2001 through July 31, 2001, $(202) in 2000
and $60 in 1999, from March 1, 1999, date of acquisition, to December 31,
1999.
(2) Includes LMG's unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities,
net of applicable income taxes, totaling $1,286 in 2001 through July 31,
2001, $(6,117) in 2000 and $6,497 in 1999, from March 1, 1999, date of
acquisition, to December 31, 1999.
(3) See below for a summary of the "Recognition of previously unrealized losses
(gains) on available-for-sale securities" and the income statement line
items impacted.
104
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
SUMMARY OF RECOGNITION OF PREVIOUSLY UNREALIZED LOSSES (GAINS) ON
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
SECURITIES AND THE INCOME STATEMENT LINE ITEMS IMPACTED
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------------------ ------------------- ------------------
PRETAX AFTER-TAX PRETAX AFTER-TAX PRETAX AFTER-TAX
------ --------- ------- --------- ------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
AT&T GROUP:
Other (expense) income:
Reclassification of securities
to
"trading" in conjunction with
the adoption of SFAS No.
133(4)....................... $1,154 $ 713 $ -- $ -- $-- $--
Sales of various securities.... 317 196 (476) (294) (3) (2)
Other-than-temporary investment
impairments.................. 985 608 290 179 -- --
LIBERTY MEDIA GROUP:
Earnings (losses) from Liberty
Media Group:
Sale of various securities..... 173 105 (1,044) (635) 20 12
Cumulative effect of accounting
change(4)...................... (144) (87) -- -- -- --
------ ------ ------- ----- --- ---
Total recognition of previously
unrealized losses (gains) on
available-for-sale securities..... $2,485 $1,535 $(1,230) $(750) $17 $10
====== ====== ======= ===== === ===
</Table>
- ---------------
(4) See Note 14 for detailed discussion.
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest payments, net of capitalized interest of $138,
$177 and $143.......................................... $3,396 $3,059 $1,292
Income tax payments...................................... 803 2,369 3,948
</Table>
4. MERGERS WITH MEDIAONE GROUP, INC., AND TELE-COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
MERGER WITH MEDIAONE GROUP, INC.
On June 15, 2000, AT&T completed a merger with MediaOne Group, Inc.
(MediaOne) in a cash and stock transaction valued at approximately $45 billion.
For each share of MediaOne stock, MediaOne shareowners received, in the
aggregate 0.95 of a share of AT&T common stock and $36.27 per share in cash,
consisting of $30.85 per share as stipulated in the merger agreement and $5.42
per share based on AT&T's stock price preceding the merger, which was below a
predetermined amount. AT&T issued approximately 603 million shares of common
stock in the transaction, of which approximately 60 million were treasury
shares. The AT&T shares had an aggregate market value of approximately $21
billion, and cash payments totaled approximately $24 billion.
105
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
The merger was accounted for under the purchase method. Accordingly, the
results of MediaOne have been included in the accompanying consolidated
financial statements since the date of acquisition as part of our AT&T Broadband
segment.
Approximately $17 billion of the purchase price of $45 billion has been
attributed to agreements with local franchise authorities that allow access to
homes in our broadband service areas (franchise costs) and is being amortized on
a straight-line basis over 40 years. Also included in the purchase price was
approximately $22 billion related to nonconsolidated investments, including
investments in Time Warner Entertainment Company, L.P. (TWE) and Vodafone Group
plc (Vodafone), approximately $5 billion related to property, plant and
equipment, and approximately $5 billion of other net assets. In addition,
included was approximately $13 billion in deferred income tax liabilities,
approximately $10 billion attributable to MediaOne debt, and approximately $1
billion of minority interest in Centaur Funding Corporation, a subsidiary of
MediaOne. The purchase resulted in goodwill of approximately $20 billion, which
is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years.
MERGER WITH TELE-COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
On March 9, 1999, AT&T completed a merger with Tele-Communications, Inc.
(TCI), renamed AT&T Broadband, in an all-stock transaction valued at
approximately $52 billion. Each share of TCI Group Series A common stock was
converted into 1.16355 shares of AT&T common stock, and each share of TCI Group
Series B common stock was converted into 1.27995 shares of AT&T common stock.
AT&T issued approximately 664 million shares of common stock in the transaction,
of which approximately 149 million were treasury shares. The AT&T shares had an
aggregate market value of approximately $27 billion. Certain subsidiaries of TCI
held TCI Group Series A common stock, which was converted into 216 million
shares of AT&T common stock. These shares were held by the subsidiaries
throughout 1999 and 2000 and were reflected as treasury stock in the balance
sheet. In the second quarter of 2001, these shares were converted into AT&T
Subsidiary Exchangeable Preferred Stock. Each subsidiary preferred share is
exchangeable into 1,000 shares of AT&T Common Stock.
In addition, TCI simultaneously combined its LMG programming business with
its TCI Ventures Group technology investment business, forming LMG. In
connection with the closing, AT&T issued separate tracking stock in exchange for
the TCI, LMG and TCI Ventures Group tracking shares previously outstanding. We
issued 2,280 million shares of LMG Class A tracking stock (including 120 million
shares related to the conversion of convertible notes) and 220 million shares of
Liberty Media Group Class B tracking stock. The tracking stock was designed to
reflect the separate financial performance and economic value of LMG. These
shares had an aggregate market value of approximately $23 billion. LMG was
split-off from AT&T as an independent, publicly-traded company on August 10,
2001 (see Notes 2 and 10).
The TCI merger was accounted for under the purchase method. Accordingly,
the results of TCI have been included in the financial results of AT&T since the
date of acquisition as part of our AT&T Broadband segment. The operating results
of TCI have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements
at their fair value since March 1, 1999, the deemed effective date of
acquisition for accounting purposes. The impact of the results from March 1
through March 9, 1999, were deemed immaterial to our consolidated results.
Approximately $20 billion of the purchase price of $52 billion was
attributed to franchise costs and is being amortized on a straight-line basis
over 40 years. Pursuant to SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes", AT&T
recorded an approximate $13 billion deferred tax liability in connection with
this franchise intangible, which is also included in franchise costs. We do not
expect that this deferred tax liability will ever be paid. This deferred tax
liability is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years and is
included in the provision for income taxes. Also included was approximately $11
billion related to nonconsolidated investments, approximately $5 billion related
to property, plant and equipment, approximately $11 billion of
106
<PAGE>
AT&T CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES (AT&T)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
TCI long-term debt and approximately $7 billion related to other net
liabilities. In addition, our investment in LMG was recorded at approximately
$34 billion, including approximately $11 billion of goodwill.
In 2002, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and
Other Intangible Assets", we will no longer amortize goodwill, franchise costs
or the deferred tax liability associated with franchise costs related to the
mergers discussed above (see Note 23).
Following is a summary of the pro forma results of AT&T as if the mergers
with MediaOne and TCI had closed effective January 1, 1999:
<Table>
<Caption>
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2000 1999
-------- --------
(SHARES IN MILLION)
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
Revenue..................................................... $56,858 $58,609
Income from continuing operations........................... 5,081 6,885
Weighted-average AT&T common shares......................... 3,762 3,784
Weighted-average AT&T common shares and potential common
shares.................................................... 3,821 3,906
Weighted-average Liberty Media Group shares................. 2,572 2,519
AT&T Common Stock Group earnings from continuing operations
per common share:
Basic..................................................... $ 0.96 $ 2.41
Diluted................................................... 0.95 2.34
Liberty Media Group earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic and diluted......................................... $ 0.58 $ (0.89)
</Table>
Pro forma data may not be indicative of the results that would have been
obtained had these events actually occurred at the beginning of the periods
presented, nor does it intend to be a projection of future results.
5. CONCERT AND AT&T CANADA
On October 16, 2001, AT&T announced a decision to unwind Concert, its
global venture with British Telecommunications plc (BT), which was launched in
January 2000. Under the partnership termination agreement, each of the partners
generally will reclaim the customer contracts and assets that were initially
contributed to the joint venture, including international transport facilities
and gateway assets. In addition, AT&T will assume certain other assets that BT
originally contributed to the joint venture. AT&T also will acquire BT's 9%
interest in AT&T Canada and assume BT's obligation to purchase a portion of the
publicly owned shares of AT&T Canada. The agreement to dissolve the Concert
venture, impacted AT&T's intent and ability to hold its investment in Concert,
therefore, AT&T recorded a $1.8 billion after-tax investment impairment charge
($2.9 billion pretax) in 2001 included in "Net losses related to other equity
investments" in the Consolidated Statement of Income. This charge primarily
relates to the difference between the fair market value of the net assets AT&T
will receive in the transaction and the carrying value of AT&T's investment in
Concert which included a note receivable from Concert of approximately $1.1
billion. Our investment in Concert was accounted for as an equity method
investment. The remaining carrying value of our investment in Concert was
approximately $0.1 billion at December 31, 2001. The agreement to dissolve
Concert remains subject to regulatory approval in the United States, Europe and
other jurisdictions and is expected to close by the first-half of 2002.
Through a joint venture, AT&T and BT have an approximate 31% equity
ownership of AT&T Canada. In connection with the decision to unwind Concert,
AT&T has agreed to acquire BT's 9% interest in AT&T Canada and assume BT's
portion of the obligation to purchase the AT&T Canada shares not already owned
by
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
AT&T and BT. AT&T has the right to trigger, at any time, the purchase by AT&T or
another entity the remaining equity of AT&T Canada for the Back-end Price which
is the greater of the floor price (Cdn $47.45 as of December 31, 2001) and the
fair market value. The floor price accretes at 4% each quarter, commencing on
June 30, 2000. In the event foreign ownership restrictions in Canada are lifted,
in whole or in part, prior to June 30, 2003, AT&T is required to purchase the
outstanding shares (to the extent permitted by any remaining foreign ownership
restrictions) at the Back-end Price. If foreign ownership restrictions in Canada
are not lifted and we do not exercise the call right by June 30, 2003, the
shares would be put up for auction, and AT&T would have to make the shareholders
whole for the amount, if any, by which the Back-End Price exceeds the proceeds
received in auction.
In 2001, AT&T recorded $1.8 billion after-tax charges ($3.0 billion pretax)
reflecting the estimated loss on AT&T's commitment to purchase the publicly
owned shares of AT&T Canada. Included in these charges was approximately $0.6
billion related to the assumption of BT's obligation to purchase the publicly
owned shares of AT&T Canada. These charges reflect the difference between the
underlying value of AT&T Canada shares and the price AT&T has committed to pay
for them, including the 4% accretion of the floor price, and are included in
"Net losses related to other equity investments" in the Consolidated Statement
of Income and the related liability within "Other long-term liabilities and
deferred credits" in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The purchase commitment
will continue to be evaluated against the difference between the floor price and
underlying value of AT&T Canada shares, which could result in the recognition of
future charges.
AT&T no longer records equity earnings or losses related to AT&T Canada
since AT&T's investment balance was written down to zero largely through losses
generated by AT&T Canada. In the event AT&T acquires more than 50% of the voting
equity of AT&T Canada, AT&T Canada's results will be consolidated into AT&T's
results. At December 31, 2001, AT&T Canada had outstanding debt of $2.9 billion
and other net assets of $2.8 billion.
6. OTHER ACQUISITIONS, EXCHANGES, STOCK OFFERING, AND DISPOSITIONS
CABLEVISION SYSTEMS CORPORATION
On October 23, 2001, AT&T sold approximately 19.2 million shares of
Cablevision NY Group Class A common stock and, monetized through a trust, 26.9
million shares of a mandatorily exchangeable trust security that is exchangeable
into up to 26.9 million shares of Cablevision NY Group Class A common stock at
maturity in three years. The offering price was $36.05 per share for both the
common shares and the exchangeable securities. The offerings generated
approximately $1.4 billion of pretax proceeds, net of underwriting fees. The
sale resulted in a pretax loss of approximately $0.3 billion recorded in "Other
(expense) income" in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
On January 8, 2001, AT&T and Cablevision Systems Corporation (Cablevision)
completed the transfer of cable systems in which AT&T received cable-systems
serving 358 thousand customers in Boston and Eastern Massachusetts. In exchange,
Cablevision received cable-systems serving approximately 130 thousand customers
in the northern New York suburbs, and 44 million shares of AT&T common stock
valued at approximately $0.9 billion, and approximately $0.2 billion in cash.
Cablevision recorded a gain as a result of the transaction. AT&T did not record
any gain or loss on the transaction, however due to its ownership interest in
Cablevision, AT&T recorded a proportionate amount of a gain recorded by
Cablevision of approximately $0.1 billion included within "Net losses related to
other equity investments" in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
AT HOME CORPORATION
On August 28, 2000, AT&T and At Home Corporation (Excite@Home) announced
shareholder approval of a new board of directors and governance structure for
Excite@Home. AT&T was given the right to designate six of the 11 Excite@Home
board members. In addition, Excite@Home converted approximately 50 million of
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
AT&T's Series A shares into Series B shares, each of which has 10 votes. As a
result of these governance changes, AT&T gained a controlling interest and began
consolidating Excite@Home's results upon the closing of the transaction on
September 1, 2000. As of December 31, 2000, AT&T had, on a fully diluted basis,
approximately 23% of the economic interest and 74% of the voting interest in
Excite@Home.
The consolidation of Excite@Home resulted in minority interest of
approximately $2.2 billion, goodwill of approximately $2.4 billion, short-term
liabilities of approximately $2.4 billion (including an initial put option
liability), other net assets of approximately $1.2 billion and the removal of
our investment in Excite@Home of approximately $1.9 billion.
On September 28, 2001, At Home Corporation filed for bankruptcy protection
under Chapter 11 in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court, for the Northern District of
California. As a result of the bankruptcy and AT&T's removal of four of its six
members from the Excite@Home board of directors, AT&T ceased consolidating
Excite@Home as of September 30, 2001. Beginning October 1, 2001, AT&T no longer
records equity earnings or losses related to Excite@Home since AT&T recognized
losses in excess of its investment in Excite@Home.
The noncash impacts of the deconsolidation of At Home Corporation primarily
included a reduction to property, plant and equipment of approximately $0.3
billion, goodwill of approximately $0.3 billion and debt of approximately $1.0
billion. This resulted in the recording of a liability of approximately $0.4
billion. This liability will continue to be evaluated. In addition, other
noncash items included a tax benefit of $0.7 billion reflecting changes to
deferred tax liabilities.
COX COMMUNICATIONS, INC. AND COMCAST -- EXCITE@HOME PUT OPTIONS
In August 2000, in exchange for Cox Communications, Inc. (Cox) and Comcast
relinquishing their rights under the shareholder agreement in connection with
Excite@Home's governance change, AT&T granted put options to Cox and Comcast.
The obligation under these put options was recorded at fair value, with gains or
losses resulting from changes in fair value being recorded as a component of
"Other (expense) income" in the Consolidated Statement of Income. For 2001 and
2000, changes in fair market value resulted in a pretax expense of $63 and $537,
respectively. On May 18, 2001, AT&T, Cox and Comcast reached an agreement to
revise the terms of the put options. Under the new agreement, Cox and Comcast
retained their stakes in Excite@Home and AT&T issued 75 million AT&T common
shares to Cox and more than 80 million AT&T common shares to Comcast. We
recorded an approximate $0.8 billion loss in "Other (expense) income" in the
Consolidated Statement of Income for this put option settlement in 2001. The new
agreement resulted in a tax benefit to AT&T, which essentially offset this loss.
COMCAST CABLE SYSTEM TRANSACTIONS
On June 30, 2001, AT&T transferred its 99.75% interest in an entity owning
the Baltimore Maryland cable-system serving approximately 115 thousand customers
to Comcast for approximately $0.5 billion cash. The transaction resulted in a
pretax gain of $0.1 billion recorded in "Other (expense) income" in the
Consolidated Statement of Income.
On April 30, 2001, AT&T received 63.9 million shares of AT&T common stock
held by Comcast in exchange for cable systems that served approximately 590
thousand customers in six states. The transaction resulted in a pretax loss of
$0.3 billion recorded in "Other (expense) income" in the Consolidated Statement
of Income.
JAPAN TELECOM CO. LTD
On April 27, 2001, AT&T completed the sale of our 10% stake in Japan
Telecom Co. Ltd to Vodafone for $1.35 billion in cash. The proceeds from the
transaction were split evenly between AT&T and AT&T
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
Wireless Group since AT&T Wireless Group held approximately one-half of AT&T's
investment. The transaction resulted in a pretax gain of approximately $0.5
billion recorded in "Other (expense) income" and a pretax gain of approximately
$0.5 billion recorded in "Income from discontinued operations" in the
Consolidated Statement of Income.
INSIGHT COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY LP
Effective January 1, 2001, AT&T sold to Insight Communications Company LP
(Insight) several Illinois cable systems serving approximately 98 thousand
customers for $0.4 billion. Insight subsequently contributed the purchased cable
system and additional cable systems serving approximately 177 thousand customers
to Insight Midwest L.P. in which AT&T has a 50% interest. AT&T also contributed
cable systems serving approximately 248 thousand customers in Illinois to
Insight Midwest L.P. The transactions resulted in a pretax gain of $0.2 billion,
which was deferred due to a debt support agreement with Insight Midwest, L.P.
AT&T WIRELESS GROUP
On April 27, 2000, AT&T created a new class of stock and completed a public
stock offering of 360 million shares, which represented 15.6% of AT&T Wireless
Group tracking stock at a price of $29.50 per share. This stock was intended to
track the financial performance and economic value of AT&T's wireless services
business. The net proceeds to AT&T, after deducting the underwriter's discount
and related fees and expenses, were $10.3 billion. AT