10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

Form 10-K

 


 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission file number: 0-32405

 


 

SEATTLE GENETICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Delaware   91-1874389

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

21823 30th Drive SE

Bothell, WA 98021

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (425) 527-4000

 


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Title of class


 

Name of each exchange on which registered


Common Stock, par value $0.001   Nasdaq National Market

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  x    NO  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    YES  ¨    NO  x

 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $53.4 million as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based upon the closing sale price on the Nasdaq National Market reported for such date. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

 

There were 40,195,348 shares of the registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding as of March 8, 2004.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Part III incorporates information by reference from the definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 17, 2004.

 



Table of Contents

FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page

     PART I     

Item 1.

  

Business

   3

Item 2.

  

Properties

   15

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

   15

Item 4.

  

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   15
     PART II     

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

   16

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

   16

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   17

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   34

Item 8.

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   35

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   59

Item 9A

  

Controls and Procedures

   59
     PART III     

Item 10.

  

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

   59

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

   59

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

   59

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

   59

Item 14.

  

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

   59
     PART IV     

Item 15.

   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K    60
     Signatures    64

 

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Table of Contents

PART I

 

Item 1. Business.

 

Overview

 

Seattle Genetics is a biotechnology company focused on the development of monoclonal antibody-based therapeutic products for the treatment of cancer and immunologic diseases. We currently have two product candidates in phase II clinical development, SGN-30 and SGN-15, and one product candidate for which we recently opened a phase I clinical trial, SGN-40. Additionally, we have three product candidates currently in preclinical development: SGN-35, SGN-75 and SGN-17/19 . Our pipeline of product candidates is based upon three technologies: genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT). These technologies enable us to develop monoclonal antibodies that can kill target cells on their own as well as to increase the potency of monoclonal antibodies by enhancing their cell-killing ability. We also have discovery programs to identify novel antigens and new monoclonal antibodies.

 

Monoclonal Antibodies for Cancer Therapy

 

Antibodies are proteins released by the immune system’s B-cells, a type of white blood cell, in response to the presence of a foreign substance in the body, such as a virus, or in some cases to an abnormal immunologic response. B-cells produce millions of different kinds of antibodies, which have slightly different shapes that enable them to bind to and inactivate specific molecular targets. Antibodies that have identical molecular structure and bind to a specific target are called monoclonal antibodies.

 

There are a growing number of monoclonal antibodies that have been approved for the treatment of cancer. These include three genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies (Rituxan, Herceptin and Campath), two radionuclide-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (Zevalin and Bexxar) and an antibody-drug conjugate (Mylotarg). Together, these six products generated sales of approximately $2 billion in 2003. Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two additional genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of cancer, Avastin and Erbitux. Additionally, there are many monoclonal antibodies in preclinical development and clinical trials that are likely to increase the number of monoclonal antibody-based commercial products in the future.

 

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, resulting in over 563,000 deaths annually. The American Cancer Society estimates that over 18 million new cases of cancer have been diagnosed in the United States since 1990 and that 1.4 million new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in 2004. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 10 million people worldwide are diagnosed with cancer each year, a rate that is expected to increase to an estimated 15 million people annually by the year 2020. According to the National Cancer Institute, approximately 40 percent of people diagnosed with cancer will die within 5 years after treatment.

 

Our Monoclonal Antibody Technologies

 

Our monoclonal antibody technologies are designed to maximize the antitumor activity of antibodies. Some monoclonal antibodies have significant intrinsic antitumor activity; however, many are not potent enough on their own to represent effective therapeutic agents. To address this limitation, we use our ADC and ADEPT technologies to develop monoclonal antibody-based therapies that can more effectively kill target cells. We are also evaluating the use of our monoclonal antibodies in combination with conventional chemotherapy, which can result in synergistic antitumor activity that is greater than when either therapy is administered alone.

 

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Three distinct but related technologies form our core business and provide the potential for discovery and development of an array of monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics:

 

  genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies;

 

  monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs); and

 

  antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT).

 

Genetically Engineered Monoclonal Antibodies

 

Our antibodies are genetically engineered to reduce non-human protein sequences, thereby lowering the potential for patients to develop a neutralizing immune response and extending the duration for use in therapy. In general, there are three types of genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies being developed for human therapeutic use: chimeric, humanized and fully-human. A chimeric antibody contains a mixture of mouse and human sequences, usually 30 percent mouse and 70 percent human. Rituxan, the largest selling antibody product for cancer therapy, is a chimeric antibody. Humanized antibodies contain over 90 percent human protein sequences, while fully-human monoclonal antibodies contain 100 percent human sequences. Our product development pipeline includes both chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies. We have substantial expertise in humanizing antibodies and have non-exclusive licenses to Protein Design Labs’ antibody humanization patents. We also have a collaboration with Medarex that provides us with access to their fully-human monoclonal antibody technology for potential future product candidates.

 

Some monoclonal antibodies kill cancer cells without being conjugated to a toxin by either directly sending a cell-killing signal or by activating an immune response that leads to cell death. These antibodies can be effective in regressing tumors and have the advantage of low systemic toxicity. For example, antibodies targeted to antigens such as CD20 (Rituxan), HER2 (Herceptin) and CD52 (Campath) have been approved by the FDA and are collectively generating nearly $2 billion in annual sales. SGN-30 and SGN-40 fall into this category of genetically engineered antibodies that have antitumor activity on their own without conjugation to a toxin.

 

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs)

 

ADCs are monoclonal antibodies that are linked to potent cell-killing drugs. For our ADCs, we utilize monoclonal antibodies that enter target cells upon binding to their cell-surface receptors. The environment inside the cell causes the cell-killing drug to be released from the monoclonal antibody, allowing it to have the desired effect. ADC’s deliver a cytotoxic drug directly to the tumor where it is released, thereby sparing normal cells. An important component of an ADC is the conditional linker that holds and then releases the drug from the monoclonal antibodies once it enters the target cell. We have a variety of linker technologies including enzyme-cleavable linkers that are very stable in blood. We use highly potent cell-killing drugs, such as Auristatin derivatives, that are synthetically produced and readily scaleable, in contrast to natural product drugs that are more difficult to produce and link to antibodies. We hold exclusive or partially-exclusive licenses to two issued patents and have filed six patent applications covering our ADC technology. We have continued to create and evaluate new linkers and novel classes of potent, cell-killing drugs for use in our ADC program.

 

Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (ADEPT)

 

ADEPT represents a novel approach to minimize drug exposure to normal tissues through the combination of two relatively non-toxic agents to achieve potent antitumor activity specifically localized to tumor tissue. With ADEPT technology, we utilize monoclonal antibodies that remain bound to the cell surface, as distinguished from the antibodies that enter target cells used with our ADC technology. ADEPT administration is a two-step process. In the first step, an enzyme that is genetically fused to an antibody fragment is administered and accumulates on the surface of tumor cells. In the second step, relatively inactive forms of anti-cancer drugs (termed prodrugs) are administered and subsequently converted by the enzyme attached to the tumor cell surface into potent cell-killing drugs that can penetrate into tumor tissue and induce antitumor responses. This method of drug delivery results in higher drug concentrations within tumors relative to normal tissues, thus localizing the effects of the therapy.

 

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Our Strategy

 

Our goal is to become a leading developer and marketer of monoclonal antibodies for cancer and immunologic diseases. Key elements of our strategy are to:

 

  Advance Our Product Pipeline. Our primary focus is advancing our pipeline of product candidates: SGN-30 and SGN-15, which are in phase II clinical trials, SGN-40, which is in a recently opened phase I clinical trial, and SGN-35, SGN-75 and SGN-17/19, which are in preclinical development. To that end, we have built strong internal expertise in our development, regulatory and clinical groups. We also enter into key relationships with scientific advisors, research organizations and contract manufacturers to supplement our internal efforts. For our clinical trials, we have established relationships with leading experts in oncology and hematology and conducted trials at over 20 cancer centers throughout the United States during 2003.

 

  Develop Industry-Leading Monoclonal Antibody Technologies. We have developed industry-leading technologies to enhance the potency and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies. Our ADC and ADEPT technologies enable us to exploit the therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies that have target specificity by enhancing their cell-killing capabilities. We are currently developing several product candidates that employ these technologies, including our preclinical ADC product candidates, SGN-35 and SGN-75, and our preclinical ADEPT product candidate, SGN-17/19.

 

  Selectively License our Technologies. We license our ADC and ADEPT technologies to generate near-term revenue and potentially earn future milestones and royalties which partially offset expenditures on our internal research and development activities. Presently, we have collaborations with Genentech, Celltech Group and Protein Design Labs for our ADC technology and with Genencor International for our ADEPT technology.

 

  Identify and Develop Novel Monoclonal Antibodies. We have focused on the research and development of monoclonal antibodies since our inception. We have internal efforts in antigen and antibody discovery to identify targets that can be used to generate new monoclonal antibodies. We believe these programs will enable us to continue to expand our pipeline of therapeutic candidates. In addition, we believe we have created valuable intellectual property by successfully identifying and filing patent applications for multiple novel monoclonal antibodies with potential therapeutic uses.

 

  Acquire or In-license Attractive Product Candidates and Technologies. In addition to our internal research and development initiatives, we have ongoing efforts to identify products and technologies to in-license from academic groups and other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. We have entered into such license agreements with Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Protein Design Labs, Medarex, ICOS Corporation, University of Miami, Arizona State University and Mabtech AB, among others. We plan to continue supplementing our internal research programs through in-licensing.

 

  Establish Strategic Collaborations to Advance our Product Pipeline. We may enter into strategic collaborations at various stages in our research and development process to accelerate the commercialization of our product candidates. Collaborations can also supplement our own internal expertise in key areas such as clinical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution. When establishing strategic collaborations, we endeavor to retain significant product rights.

 

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Development Programs

 

The following table summarizes the status of our product pipeline:

 

Product Candidate


  

Technology


  

Disease/ Indication


  

Development Stage


SGN-30

   Genetically engineered monoclonal antibody    Hodgkin’s disease    Phase II
          Systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma    Phase II
          Cutaneous lymphomas    Phase II planned for second half of 2004

SGN-15

   ADC    Non-small cell lung cancer in combination with Taxotere    Phase II

SGN-40

   Genetically engineered monoclonal antibody    Multiple myeloma    Phase I open
          Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma    Phase I planned for second half of 2004
          Bladder and renal cancer    Preclinical

SGN-35

   ADC    Hematologic malignancies; immunologic diseases    Preclinical

SGN-75

   ADC    Renal cancer; hematologic malignancies; immunologic diseases    Preclinical

SGN-17/19

   ADEPT    Metastatic melanoma    Preclinical

 

SGN-30

 

We are currently conducting phase II clinical trials of SGN-30 for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. We are also planning a phase II clinical trial of SGN-30 in a third disease indication, cutaneous lymphoma, in the second half of 2004. SGN-30 is a monoclonal antibody targeting the CD30 antigen that is expressed on hematologic malignancies, including Hodgkin’s disease and some types of T-cell derived non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. CD30 is an attractive target for cancer therapy because it has minimal expression on normal tissues.

 

We are also investigating possible applications of SGN-30 in immunologic diseases such as lupus and multiple sclerosis. In immunologic disease, the body’s immune system malfunctions and attacks its own healthy cells. Many therapies for immunologic disease rely on suppressing the immune system to prevent further damage to normal tissues, but have the unwanted side effect of making the patient more susceptible to infection or cancer. The CD30 antigen is expressed only on activated T- and B-cells but is absent on these cells when in a resting state. Since resting T-cells and B-cells make up approximately 95 percent of those types of cells circulating in the body, SGN-30 may be able to prevent or reduce a damaging immune response without globally suppressing the patient’s immune system, thus leaving the patient better able to fight off infection. Preclinical studies of SGN-30 in immunologic disease are ongoing internally and with outside collaborators.

 

Market Opportunity

 

The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 7,800 cases of Hodgkin’s disease and 54,300 cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (some of which express CD30) will be diagnosed in the United States during 2004. Advances made in the use of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignant lymphomas and the use of Rituxan for B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma have resulted in durable remission rates for front-line therapy in early stage disease. However, the therapeutic options for refractory or relapsed patients are very limited, and there are significant opportunities for new treatments in this patient population.

 

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Clinical Results and Status

 

During 2002, we initiated and completed a single-dose phase I clinical trial of SGN-30 in patients with CD30-expressing hematologic malignancies at three sites in the United States. The objectives of this trial were to establish safety and pharmacokinetic profiles, evaluate effects on lymphocytes and determine whether a single dose of SGN-30 induced an immune response. We treated 13 patients in this study at escalating doses of between one and 15 milligrams per kilogram of SGN-30. We did not find significant toxicities in any of the patients and, although the clinical trial was not designed to evaluate efficacy, we observed antitumor responses in two out of ten evaluable patients, one with Hodgkin’s disease and one with anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Additionally, we found minimal immune response, no lymphocyte depletion and no drug-related safety issues.

 

In November 2003, we completed a multi-dose phase I clinical trial of SGN-30, again targeting patients with CD30-expressing hematologic malignancies. The objectives of this trial were to establish safety and pharmacokinetic profile, evaluate effects on lymphocytes, determine whether patients develop an immune response and assess antitumor activity of a multi-dose regimen of SGN-30. We treated a total of 24 patients in this study in four cohorts of six patients at predetermined dose levels of 2, 4, 8 and 12 milligrams per kilogram of SGN-30. All of the doses of SGN-30 were well tolerated, with no significant toxicities. Although the clinical trial was not primarily designed to evaluate efficacy, one patient experienced a complete response and six patients had stable disease. Notably, all of these patients had failed prior treatment with chemotherapy, with the median patient having received five prior courses of chemotherapy.

 

Based on our phase I data, in January 2004 we initiated a phase II clinical trial of SGN-30 in patients with Hodgkin’s disease and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The trial is designed to accrue up to 80 patients, 40 patients in each disease indication, and will be conducted at multiple sites in the United States. The trial will evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and antitumor activity of SGN-30 at six weekly doses of six milligrams per kilogram.

 

We have received orphan drug designation from the FDA for SGN-30 in Hodgkin’s disease and T-cell lymphomas. We are planning additional clinical trials of SGN-30 for the treatment of cutaneous lymphoma and in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, as well as, evaluating possible applications of SGN-30 in immunologic disease.

 

SGN-15

 

We have completed a phase II clinical trial of SGN-15 for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with Taxotere, the only FDA-approved chemotherapy for second-line treatment of lung cancer. SGN-15 is an ADC composed of a monoclonal antibody chemically attached by a hydrazone linker to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. The antibody component of SGN-15 binds to a Lewisy-related carbohydrate antigen that is highly expressed on many solid tumors, including lung, breast, prostate, ovarian, pancreatic and colon cancer. SGN-15 works by binding to the target cell and, upon entering the cell, releasing its payload of doxorubicin. Preclinical studies of SGN-15 in combination with Taxotere have demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity and clinical studies have established non-overlapping toxicity profiles.

 

Market Opportunity

 

Lung cancer is the leading cause of all cancer-related deaths worldwide and will account for an estimated 160,000 deaths in the United States during 2004. Approximately 80 percent of lung cancer is NSCLC. Due to the lack of early symptoms, most NSCLC patients are already in the advanced stages of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Advanced stage and metastatic NSCLC remains an incurable disease with current therapies. Combination chemotherapy regimens have produced clinical response or stabilization in many cases, but have had little effect on overall survival. Response rates with standard chemotherapy are only approximately 25 percent and median survival is less than six months from time to progression. Consequently, there remains a significant unmet clinical need for patients with advanced stage NSCLC.

 

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Clinical Results and Status

 

We are currently focusing our clinical development strategy for SGN-15 on the treatment of patients with NSCLC who have failed front-line or front-line and second-line therapies. We have also conducted several phase II clinical trials of SGN-15 in combination with Taxotere in other solid tumors.

 

We have completed a phase II trial investigating SGN-15 in combination with Taxotere in 60 patients with NSCLC and have reported preliminary results. This trial was designed to evaluate safety and antitumor activity of the combination therapy, as measured by reduction in tumor size, time to progression, quality of life and overall survival rates. Two-thirds of patients enrolled in this study received the combination of SGN-15 and Taxotere and one-third of the patients received Taxotere alone.

 

In the NSCLC trial, no significant toxicities related to SGN-15 occurred except moderate gastrointestinal symptoms. Preliminary analysis of the data from this study shows that the median survival of patients who received SGN-15 in combination with Taxotere was approximately six weeks longer than patients who received Taxotere alone.

 

In the completed phase II NSCLC trial, SGN-15 and Taxotere were administered in a simultaneous fashion. Based on preclinical experiments, we have observed that sequencing the dosing of SGN-15 prior to Taxotere results in a considerable gain in antitumor activity. These data suggest that Taxotere, which has a direct effect on microtubules and can inhibit internalization, may best be dosed one to two days after SGN-15. In our next phase II clinical trial of SGN-15, which we plan to initiate in the second half of 2004, we intend to compare simultaneous dosing with sequenced dosing of SGN-15 and Taxotere. This trial will utilize a biomarker that can be assessed using PET analysis to determine the relative activity of the two dose schedules prior to obtaining a difference in patient survival. We intend to utilize the data from this phase II biomarker trial in planning the optimal dosing schedule for future clinical trials of SGN-15, including a potential pivotal study in patients with refractory NSCLC.

 

SGN-40

 

We recently opened a phase I clinical trial of SGN-40 in patients with multiple myeloma. SGN-40 is a humanized anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody that we are developing to treat patients with CD40-expressing malignancies, including multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and possibly solid tumors such as bladder, renal and ovarian cancer. We have generated extensive preclinical data demonstrating that SGN-40 has direct antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma via at least two distinct cell-killing mechanisms.

 

Market Opportunity

 

We intend to focus our initial clinical development of SGN-40 on patients with multiple myeloma. The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 15,000 cases of multiple myeloma will be diagnosed in the United States during 2004. Recent advances, such as the FDA’s approval of Velcade during 2003, have expanded the therapeutic options for patients with multiple myeloma. However, existing therapies for multiple myeloma have limited response rates and significant toxic side effects. Therefore, we believe there are substantial opportunities for targeted treatments in this disease.

 

Status

 

Our recently opened phase I multiple myeloma trial of SGN 40 is designed to accrue up to 24 patients at up to four sites in the United States. The objectives of this trial will be to establish safety and pharmacokinetic profiles, evaluate effects on lymphocytes, determine whether patients develop an immune response to SGN-40 and assess antitumor activity of a multi-dose regimen of SGN-40. We are also planning to expand our clinical evaluation of SGN-40 into other indications, such as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the second half of 2004, and potentially bladder and renal cancer in the future.

 

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SGN-35

 

SGN-35 is a second generation ADC composed of an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody attached by our proprietary, enzyme-cleavable linker to a derivative of the highly potent class of cell-killing drugs called Auristatins. In preclinical models, SGN-35 has induced complete regressions of tumors at doses as low as 0.5 milligrams per kilogram. We are currently conducting preclinical development of SGN-35 for the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as Hodgkin’s disease and some types of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and we expect to initiate clinical trials in 2005. As with SGN-30, we are also considering possible uses of SGN-35 to treat immunologic diseases such as graft versus host disease, lupus and multiple sclerosis due to expression of CD30 on activated T-cells.

 

SGN-75

 

SGN-75 is an ADC composed of an anti-CD70 monoclonal antibody linked to an Auristatin derivative using our second generation ADC technology. The CD70 antigen is expressed on renal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and certain hematologic malignancies. SGN-75 is highly effective at regressing human renal cell cancer at well tolerated doses in preclinical models. Since CD70 is expressed on recently activated T- and B-cells, but not while those cells are in a resting, unactivated state, SGN-75 may also have application in immunologic and inflammatory diseases. In preclinical studies, SGN-75 has been shown to selectively eliminate activated T-cells without affecting resting T-cells.

 

SGN-17/19

 

SGN-17/19 is an ADEPT product candidate that we are developing for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. SGN-17 is a fusion protein containing the binding site of the L49 monoclonal antibody and the enzyme ß-lactamase. The L49 antibody component binds to the p97 cell surface antigen, which is non-internalizing and highly expressed on melanoma, as well as some ovarian, breast and lung carcinomas. SGN-19 is a prodrug form of the chemotherapeutic drug melphalan that has been inactivated through the addition of a chemical group that can be removed by the enzyme ß-lactamase. When SGN-17 is injected systemically, it accumulates on the tumor tissue and remains bound at the cell surface. SGN-19 is then administered systemically and converted to melphalan by the enzyme ß-lactamase, resulting in localized release of melphalan on the surface of cancer cells. Through genetic engineering efforts, we have made considerable advances in the production of the SGN-17 component. At present, the yield of active SGN-17 is suitable for scale-up to a clinical grade manufacturing process. We have also made improvements to the formulation and chemical synthesis of SGN-19, and are continuing to evaluate other types of novel, proprietary prodrugs that may be able to expand the therapeutic window of our ADEPT technology.

 

Discovery and Research Programs

 

In addition to our pipeline of product candidates and antibody-based technologies, we have internal discovery and research programs directed towards identifying novel antigen targets and monoclonal antibodies and developing new classes of stable linkers and potent, cell-killing drugs.

 

Novel Targets. We have utilized a variety of genomic tools and biologic assays to identify novel antigen targets to which we can generate new specific monoclonal antibodies. We focus on genes and proteins that are highly expressed in cancer to identify molecules that are located on the surface of cancer cells that may serve as targets for monoclonal antibodies. We also actively evaluate opportunities to in-license antigen targets from academic groups and biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.

 

Novel Monoclonal Antibodies. We are actively engaged in internal efforts to discover and develop antibodies with novel specificities and activities. We continue to create panels of new cancer-reactive monoclonal antibodies in our laboratories that are currently undergoing screening to identify those with the highest specificity. We supplement these internal efforts by evaluating opportunities to in-license antibodies from academic groups and other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. We also have access to fully-human monoclonal antibodies through our collaboration with Medarex. These monoclonal antibodies may represent product candidates on their own or may be utilized as part of our ADC or ADEPT technologies.

 

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New Cell-Killing Drugs. We continue to research new, highly potent, cell-killing drugs that can be linked to antibodies, such as the Auristatins that we use in our second generation ADC technology. We are evaluating multiple Auristatin derivatives, as well as other classes of cell-killing drugs, for potential applications as ADCs. We are also synthesizing novel classes of prodrugs for use in our ADEPT technology.

 

Corporate Collaborations

 

Part of our business strategy is to establish corporate collaborations with biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions. We utilize our technologies to improve the efficacy of other companies’ monoclonal antibodies, which partially offsets expenditures on our internal research and development activities. We also seek collaborations to advance the development and commercialization of our own product candidates. When partnering, we seek to retain significant downstream participation in product sales through either profit-sharing or product royalties paid on annual net sales. Our principal corporate collaborations are listed below.

 

ADC Collaborations

 

We have entered into agreements with several collaborators to allow them to use our proprietary ADC technology with their monoclonal antibodies:

 

Genentech. In April 2002, we entered into an ADC collaboration with Genentech. Upon entering into the collaboration, Genentech paid a $2.5 million up front fee and purchased $3.5 million of our common stock in a private placement. In December 2003, Genentech designated additional targets under the collaboration agreement, triggering an additional $3.0 million fee and Genentech’s purchase of $7.0 million of our common stock in a private placement. Under the collaboration, Genentech pays us research fees for assistance with development of ADCs. Genentech also pays technology access fees and has agreed to pay progress-dependent milestone payments and royalties on net sales of any resulting products. Genentech is responsible for research, product development, manufacturing and commercialization of any products resulting from the collaboration.

 

Celltech Group. In March 2002, we entered into an ADC collaboration with Celltech pursuant to which we are providing research and development assistance. Under the terms of the multi-year agreement, Celltech paid us an up front technology access fee, is paying service and reagent fees and has agreed to make milestone payments and pay royalties on net sales of any resulting products. Celltech is responsible for all costs associated with the development, manufacturing and marketing of any products generated as a result of this collaboration. During 2003, we achieved several preclinical milestones under our ADC collaboration with Celltech, which triggered payments to us.

 

Protein Design Labs. In June 2001, we entered into an ADC collaboration with Eos Biotechnology, which was assumed by Protein Design Labs upon its acquisition of Eos Biotechnology in 2003. In December 2003, Protein Design Labs exercised an option for an exclusive license to one antigen target under the collaboration, triggering a payment to us. In January 2004, we and Protein Design Labs agreed to expand the ADC collaboration. Under the amended agreement, we have agreed to provide additional support to Protein Design Labs in their development of ADC product candidates. In exchange, Protein Design Labs has agreed to pay us increased fees, milestones and royalties on net sales of any ADC products resulting from the collaboration, and has granted us a license and options for two additional licenses under their antibody humanization patents. Protein Design Labs has agreed to pay us to provide preclinical quantities of our proprietary drug linker. Protein Design Labs is responsible for all costs associated with the development, manufacturing and marketing of any ADC products generated as a result of this collaboration.

 

We are also in discussions with multiple biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies regarding potential collaborations involving our ADC technology. Many of these third parties pay us technology access fees to evaluate our ADC technology and to obtain limited periods of exclusivity to negotiate definitive licenses for specific target antigens. We expect that we will enter into additional ADC collaborations in the future with these and other potential collaborators.

 

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ADEPT Collaboration

 

Genencor International. In January 2002, we formed a strategic alliance with Genencor International to discover and develop a class of cancer therapeutics based on tumor-targeted enzymes that activate prodrugs. As part of the collaboration, Genencor purchased $3.0 million of our common stock in a private placement. In July 2003, we and Genencor agreed to amend and extend the collaboration for an additional two years in exchange for a payment from Genencor. Under the terms of the amended agreement, Genencor has non-exclusive rights to use our ADEPT technology with Genencor’s own antibodies and antigen targets. In exchange, Genencor is paying us technology access and research fees and has agreed to pay milestones and royalties on sales of any products that utilize our ADEPT or prodrug technologies. We and Genencor may also elect to co-develop ADEPT products under the collaboration.

 

License Agreements

 

Bristol-Myers Squibb. In March 1998, we obtained rights to some of our technologies and product candidates, portions of which are exclusive, through a license agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb. Through this license, we secured rights to monoclonal antibody-based cancer targeting technologies, including 26 different patents, eight monoclonal antibodies, chemical linkers, a ribosome-inactivating protein and enabling technologies. We also received a substantial supply of vialed, clinical-grade SGN-15, which has been used in our clinical trials. Under the terms of the license agreement, we are required to pay royalties on net sales of future products incorporating technology licensed from Bristol-Myers Squibb.

 

Genentech. In March 2003, we entered into license agreements with Genentech providing us with rights relating to our SGN-40 product candidate, including a license under Genentech’s Cabilly patents. We have agreed to pay Genentech an upfront license fee, a progress-dependent milestone payment and royalties on net sales of anti-CD40 products that use Genentech’s technology.

 

Protein Design Labs. In January 2004, as part of the expansion of our ADC collaboration, Protein Design Labs granted us one license and options for two additional licenses under Protein Design Lab’s antibody humanization patents. We have used the initial antibody humanization license for our SGN-40 product candidate. Under the terms of the license agreements, we are required to pay Protein Design Labs annual maintenance fees and royalties on net sales of products using Protein Design Labs’ technology.

 

Medarex. In February 2001, we entered into an agreement with Medarex to produce fully-human monoclonal antibodies to certain breast cancer and melanoma antigen targets identified by us over the following three years. As part of this agreement, Medarex bought $2.0 million of our common stock concurrent with our initial public offering in March 2001. In November 2001, we entered into an additional agreement with Medarex that allows us to immunize Medarex mice and to generate antibodies. We have the right to obtain a non-exclusive research license and/or exclusive commercial licenses with respect to antibodies developed from this program.

 

ICOS Corporation. In October 2000, we entered into a license agreement with ICOS Corporation for non-exclusive rights to use ICOS’ CHEF expression system. We have used this system to manufacture clinical supplies of SGN-30, and we may also use it for other monoclonal antibodies in the future. Under the terms of this agreement, we are required to make progress-dependent milestone payments and pay royalties on net sales of products manufactured using the CHEF expression system.

 

University of Miami. In September 1999, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with the University of Miami, Florida, covering an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody that is the basis of SGN-30 and the antibody component of SGN-35. Under the terms of this license, we made an up front payment and are required to pay annual maintenance fees, progress-dependent milestone payments and royalties on net sales of products incorporating technology licensed from the University of Miami.

 

Mabtech AB. In June 1998, we obtained exclusive, worldwide rights to a monoclonal antibody targeting the CD40 antigen, which is the basis for our SGN-40 product candidate, from Mabtech AB, located in Sweden. Under the terms of this license, we are required to make a progress-dependent milestone payment and pay royalties on net sales of products incorporating technology licensed from Mabtech.

 

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CLB-Research and Development. Pursuant to a license agreement we entered into in July 2001, we obtained an exclusive license to specific monoclonal antibodies that target cancer and immunologic disease targets from CLB-Research and Development, located in the Netherlands. One of these antibodies is the basis of the antibody component of our SGN-75 product candidate. Under the terms of this agreement, we have made up front and option exercise payments and are required to make progress-dependent milestone payments and pay royalties on net sales of products incorporating these antibodies.

 

Arizona State University. In February 2000, we entered into a license agreement with Arizona State University for a worldwide, exclusive license to the cell-killing agent Auristatin E. Under the terms of this license, we are required to pay annual maintenance fees, progress-dependent milestone payments and royalties on net sales of products incorporating technology licensed from Arizona State University.

 

Patents and Proprietary Technology

 

We seek appropriate patent protection for our proprietary technologies by filing patent applications in the United States and other countries. As of December 31, 2003, we held exclusive or partially exclusive licenses to 22 issued United States patents and owned 21 pending United States and PCT patent applications.

 

Our patents and patent applications are directed to product candidates, monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic antigen targets, linker technologies, ADC technologies, immunotoxin technologies, ADEPT and enabling technologies. Although we believe our patents and patent applications provide us with a competitive advantage, the patent positions of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. We and our corporate collaborators or licensors may not be able to develop patentable products or processes or obtain patents from pending patent applications. Even if patent claims are allowed, the claims may not issue, or in the event of issuance, may not be sufficient to protect the technology owned by or licensed to us or our corporate collaborators.

 

Our commercial success depends significantly on our ability to operate without infringing patents and proprietary rights of third parties. A number of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, universities and research institutions may have filed patent applications or may have been granted patents that cover technologies similar to the technologies owned, optioned by or licensed to us or our corporate collaborators. Our or our corporate collaborators’ current patents, or patents that issue on pending applications, may be challenged, invalidated, infringed or circumvented, and the rights granted in those patents may not provide proprietary protection to us. We cannot determine with certainty whether patents or patent applications of other parties may materially affect our or our corporate collaborators’ ability to make, use or sell any products.

 

We also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how, especially when we do not believe that patent protection is appropriate or can be obtained. Our policy is to require each of our employees, consultants and advisors to execute a confidentiality and inventions assignment agreement before beginning their employment, consulting or advisory relationship with us. These agreements generally provide that the individual must keep confidential and not disclose to other parties any confidential information developed or learned by the individual during the course of their relationship with us except in limited circumstances. These agreements also generally provide that we shall own all inventions conceived by the individual in the course of rendering services to us.

 

Government Regulation

 

Our products are subject to extensive regulation by numerous governmental authorities, principally the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as numerous state and foreign agencies. We need to obtain clearance of our potential products by the FDA before we can begin marketing the products in the United States. Similar approvals are also required in other countries.

 

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Product development and approval within this regulatory framework is uncertain, can take many years and requires the expenditure of substantial resources. The nature and extent of the governmental review process for our potential products will vary, depending on the regulatory categorization of particular products and various other factors. In particular, during 2003 the FDA implemented a reorganization to consolidate review of new pharmaceutical products within the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Prior to this reorganization, the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) reviewed new biological products such as monoclonal antibodies, while CDER reviewed new drug products and combination drug/biological products such as our antibody-drug conjugates and ADEPT product candidates. We do not believe the FDA’s reorganization will significantly affect the review process for our product candidates, but we are monitoring events within the FDA to keep pace with current developments.

 

The necessary steps before a new pharmaceutical product may be sold in the United States ordinarily include:

 

  preclinical laboratory and animal tests;

 

  submission to the FDA of an investigational new drug application which must become effective before clinical trials may commence;

 

  completion of adequate and well controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed drug for its intended use;

 

  submission to the FDA of a marketing authorization application; and

 

  FDA review and approval of the marketing authorization application prior to any commercial sale.

 

Clinical trials generally are conducted in three sequential phases that may overlap. In phase I, the initial introduction of the product into humans, the product is tested to assess safety, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and pharmacological actions associated with increasing doses. Phase II usually involves trials in a limited patient population to determine the efficacy of the potential product for specific, targeted indications, determine dosage tolerance and optimum dosage and further identify possible adverse reactions and safety risks. Phase III trials are undertaken to evaluate further clinical efficacy in comparison to standard therapies within a broader patient population, generally at geographically dispersed clinical sites. Phase I, phase II or phase III testing may not be completed successfully within any specific period of time, if at all, with respect to any of our product candidates. Furthermore, the FDA, an institutional review board or we may suspend a clinical trial at any time for various reasons, including a finding that the subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk.

 

The results of preclinical studies, pharmaceutical development and clinical trials are submitted to the FDA in the form of a marketing authorization application for approval of the manufacture, marketing and commercial shipment of the pharmaceutical product. The testing and approval process is likely to require substantial time, effort and resources, and there can be no assurance that any approval will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. The FDA may deny a marketing authorization application if applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied, require additional testing or information, or require post-market testing and surveillance to monitor the safety or efficacy of the product. In addition, after marketing approval is granted, the FDA may require post-marketing clinical trials, which typically entail extensive patient monitoring and may result in restricted marketing of an approved product for an extended period of time.

 

Competition

 

The biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries are characterized by rapidly advancing technologies, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary products. Many third parties compete with us in developing various approaches to cancer therapy. They include pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, academic institutions and other research organizations.

 

Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial resources and expertise in research and development, manufacturing, preclinical testing, conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approval and marketing than we do. In addition, many of these competitors are active in seeking patent protection and licensing arrangements in anticipation of collecting royalties for use of technology that they have developed. Smaller or early-stage

 

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companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, as well as in acquiring technologies complementary to our programs.

 

We expect that competition among products approved for sale will be based, among other things, on efficacy, reliability, product safety, price and patent position. Our ability to compete effectively and develop products that can be manufactured cost-effectively and marketed successfully will depend on our ability to:

 

  advance our technology platforms;

 

  license additional technology;

 

  maintain a proprietary position in our technologies and products;

 

  obtain required government and other public and private approvals on a timely basis;

 

  attract and retain key personnel; and

 

  enter into corporate partnerships.

 

We are aware of specific companies that have technologies that may be competitive with ours, including Wyeth, Immunogen and Medarex, all of which have antibody-drug conjugate technology. Wyeth markets the antibody-drug conjugate Mylotarg for patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. While we are not developing lead agents for that specific disease, Wyeth may apply their antibody-drug conjugate technology to other monoclonal antibodies that may compete with our lead product candidates. Immunogen has several antibody-drug conjugates in development that may compete with our product candidates. Immunogen has also established partnerships with other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to allow them to utilize Immunogen’s technology. We are also aware of a number of companies developing monoclonal antibodies directed at the same antigen targets or for the treatment of the same diseases as our product candidates. For example, Medarex is developing an anti-CD30 antibody for hematologic malignancies that may be competitive with SGN-30.

 

Manufacturing

 

We received clinical-grade SGN-15 from Bristol-Myers Squibb for our previous clinical trials, and have entered into agreements with contract manufacturers to supplement our supplies of SGN-15 as necessary for future studies, including ICOS Corporation, Albany Molecular Research, Inc. and Sicor, Inc., now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. For SGN-30, we have contracted with ICOS to manufacture preclinical and early-stage clinical supplies and with Abbott Laboratories for late-stage clinical and commercial supplies. For SGN-40, Genentech manufactured substantial quantities of clinical grade material that have been transferred to us and we are currently evaluating contractors for late-stage clinical and commercial supplies. In the future, we will continue to rely on other third parties to perform additional steps in the manufacturing process, including synthesis of our next generation drug-linker systems, conjugation, vialing and storage of our product candidates.

 

We believe that our contract manufacturing relationships with ICOS, Abbott, Albany Molecular, Sicor and other potential contract manufacturers with whom we are in discussions, together with existing supplies of SGN-40 from Genentech, will be sufficient to accommodate clinical trials through phase II and in some cases into the early stages of phase III of our current product candidates. However, we may need to obtain additional manufacturing arrangements, if available on commercially reasonable terms, or increase our own manufacturing capability to meet our future needs, both of which would require significant capital investment. We may also enter into collaborations with pharmaceutical or larger biotechnology companies to enhance the manufacturing capabilities for our product candidates.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had 108 employees, 37 of whom hold doctoral level degrees. Of these employees, 87 are engaged in or directly support research, development and clinical activities and 21 are in administrative and business development positions.

 

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Each of our employees has signed a confidentiality agreement and none are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have never experienced employment-related work stoppages and consider our employee relations to be good.

 

Website

 

Our website address is www.seattlegenetics.com. We make available, free of charge, through a hyperlink on our website, our annual, quarterly and current reports, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing such reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained on our website is not part of this report.

 

Item 2. Properties.

 

Our headquarters are in Bothell, Washington, where we lease approximately 63,900 square feet under a lease expiring May 2011. We may renew the lease, at our option, for two consecutive seven-year periods. We have built out and currently occupy approximately 48,000 square feet as laboratory, discovery, research and development and general administration space. In March 2004, we began construction on the remaining available space for laboratory and office expansion.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

 

We are not a party to any material legal proceedings.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

 

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2003.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.

 

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol SGEN.

 

The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices for our common stock, as quoted on the Nasdaq National Market, for each of the quarters indicated.

 

     High

   Low

2002

             

First Quarter

   $ 7.50    $ 4.25

Second Quarter

     6.69      3.53

Third Quarter

     5.15      2.62

Fourth Quarter

     3.70      2.45

2003

             

First Quarter

   $ 3.95    $ 2.25

Second Quarter

     5.92      2.15

Third Quarter

     7.00      4.18

Fourth Quarter

     9.00      5.16

2004

             

First Quarter (Through March 8, 2004)

   $ 10.90    $ 8.25

 

As of March 8, 2004, there were 135 holders of record of our common stock. Because many shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.

 

In December 2003, Genentech purchased $7.0 million, or 1,090,342 shares, of our common stock in a private placement exempt from registration under Rule 506 of Regulation D and Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. This stock purchase was associated with Genentech’s designation of additional antigen targets under our existing ADC collaboration.

 

On July 8, 2003, we received approximately $40.4 million of net proceeds from our private placement transaction in which we issued 1,640,000 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock, which are convertible into 16.4 million shares of common stock, and warrants to purchase 2,050,000 shares of common stock. The private placement was exempt from registration pursuant to Rule 506 of Regulation D and Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock since our inception. We do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future, but intend to retain all earnings, if any, for use in our business operations. In addition, for so long as 33 1/3% of the total number of shares of Series A convertible preferred stock we originally issued are outstanding, we need the approval of holders of 66 2/3% of such outstanding shares of Series A convertible preferred stock in order to declare, pay, set aside or reserve amounts for the payment of any dividend on our capital stock, other than the Series A convertible preferred stock.

 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

 

The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to our financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The selected Statements of Operations data for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and Balance Sheet data as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 have been d