10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number 1-5231

McDONALD’S CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   36-2361282

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

McDonald’s Plaza

Oak Brook, Illinois

  60523
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (630) 623-3000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Common stock, $.01 par value    New York Stock Exchange
      Chicago Stock Exchange
8-7/8%    Debentures due 2011    New York Stock Exchange
7.31%    Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures due 2027    New York Stock Exchange
6-3/8%    Debentures due 2028    New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes x    No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ¨     No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x    No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer    x   Accelerated filer    ¨   Non-accelerated filer    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨     No x

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2006 was $41,185,383,725.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of January 31, 2007 was 1,203,480,015.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the registrant’s 2007 definitive proxy statement which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2006.

 



Table of Contents

McDONALD’S CORPORATION

 


INDEX

 


 

         Page Reference
Part I.         
   Item 1    Business    1
   Item 1A    Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements    3
   Item 1B    Unresolved Staff Comments    5
   Item 2    Properties    5
   Item 3    Legal Proceedings    5
   Item 4    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Shareholders    7
Part II.         
   Item 5    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    8
   Item 6    Selected Financial Data    9
   Item 7    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    11
   Item 7A    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    29
   Item 8    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    29
   Item 9    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    49
   Item 9A    Controls and Procedures    49
   Item 9B    Other Information    49
Part III.         
   Item 10    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance    49
   Item 11    Executive Compensation    49
   Item 12    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters    49
   Item 13    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence    49
   Item 14    Principal Accountant Fees and Services    49
Part IV.         
   Item 15    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    49
Signatures       52
Exhibits       53

The following trademarks used herein are the property of McDonald’s Corporation and its affiliates or the Company: Big Mac, Boston Market, Chicken McNuggets, Chicken Selects, Egg McMuffin, Filet-O-Fish, i’m lovin’ it, McDonald’s, McFlurry, McGriddles, Quarter Pounder, Ronald McDonald, Sausage McMuffin, Snack Wrap, The Golden Arches Logo and mcdonalds.com.


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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

McDonald’s Corporation, the registrant, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to herein as the “Company.”

a. General development of business

During 2006, there have been no significant changes to the Company’s corporate structure or material changes in the Company’s method of conducting business.

b. Financial information about segments

Segment data for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are included in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.

c. Narrative description of business

 

 

General

The Company primarily franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants in the food service industry. These restaurants serve a varied, yet limited, value-priced menu (see Products) in more than 100 countries around the world.

The Company also operates Boston Market and has a minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger and prior to October 2006, had an ownership interest in Chipotle Mexican Grill (Chipotle). During 2006, the Company disposed of its investment in Chipotle through sales of shares and ultimately a tax-free exchange of all remaining shares held.

Since McDonald’s restaurant business comprises virtually all of the Company’s consolidated operating results, this narrative primarily relates to that business, unless otherwise noted.

All restaurants are operated either by the Company, by independent entrepreneurs under the terms of franchise arrangements (franchisees), or by affiliates and developmental licensees operating under license agreements.

The Company’s operations are designed to assure consistency and high quality at every McDonald’s restaurant. When granting conventional franchises, the Company is selective and generally is not in the practice of franchising to or partnering with investor groups or passive investors.

Under the conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide capital by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and décor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company generally shares the initial investment by owning or leasing the land and building. Franchisees contribute to the Company’s revenue stream through payment of rent and service fees based upon a percent of sales, with specified minimum rent payments, along with initial fees. The conventional franchise arrangement typically lasts 20 years and franchising practices are generally consistent throughout the world. Under our developmental license arrangement, licensees provide ongoing capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest. While the Company generally has no capital invested, we receive a royalty based on a percent of sales and initial fees. A discussion regarding site selection is included in Part I, Item 2, page 5 of this Form 10-K.

The Company, its franchisees/licensees and affiliates purchase food, packaging, equipment and other goods from numerous independent suppliers that have been approved by the Company. The Company has established and strictly enforces high quality standards. The Company has quality assurance labs around the world to ensure that our high standards are consistently met. The quality assurance process not only involves ongoing product reviews, but also on-site inspections of suppliers’ facilities. Further, a quality assurance board, composed of the Company’s technical, safety and supply chain specialists, provides strategic global leadership for all aspects of food quality and safety. In addition, the Company works closely with suppliers to encourage innovation, assure best practices and drive continuous improvement.

Independently owned and operated distribution centers, also approved by the Company, distribute products and supplies to most McDonald’s restaurants. In addition, restaurant personnel are trained in the proper storage, handling and preparation of our products and in the delivery of customer service.

McDonald’s global brand is well known. Marketing, promotional and public relations activities are designed to promote McDonald’s brand image and differentiate the Company from competitors. Marketing and promotional efforts focus on value, food taste, menu choice and the customer experience. The Company believes it is important to give back to the people and communities around the world who are responsible for our success through our efforts in social responsibility.

 

 

Products

McDonald’s restaurants offer a substantially uniform menu, although there may be geographic variations. In addition, McDonald’s tests new products on an ongoing basis.

McDonald’s menu includes hamburgers and cheeseburgers, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with Cheese, Filet-O-Fish, several chicken sandwiches, Chicken McNuggets, Chicken Selects, french fries, premium salads, shakes, McFlurry desserts, sundaes, soft serve cones, pies, cookies, soft drinks, coffee and other beverages. In addition, the restaurants sell a variety of other products during limited-time promotions.

McDonald’s restaurants in the U.S. and many international markets offer a full- or limited-breakfast menu. Breakfast offerings may include Egg McMuffin, Sausage McMuffin with Egg, McGriddles, biscuit and bagel sandwiches, hotcakes and muffins.

Boston Market is a home-meal replacement concept serving chicken, meatloaf, sirloin, sandwiches, soups and salads. Pret A Manger is a quick-service food concept that serves prepared and packaged cold sandwiches, soups, salads, coffees and teas, primarily during breakfast and lunch.

 

 

Intellectual property

The Company owns valuable intellectual property including trademarks, service marks, patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary information, some of which, including “McDonald’s,” “The Golden Arches Logo,” “Ronald McDonald,” “Big Mac” and other related marks, are of material importance to the Company’s business. Depending on the jurisdiction, trademarks generally are valid as long as they are used or registered. Patents are of varying remaining durations.

 

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Seasonal operations

The Company does not consider its operations to be seasonal to any material degree.

 

 

Working capital practices

Information about the Company’s working capital practices is incorporated herein by reference to Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 in Part II, Item 7, pages 11 through 28, and the Consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 in Part II, Item 8, page 32 of this Form 10-K.

 

 

Customers

The Company’s business is not dependent upon either a single customer or small group of customers.

 

 

Backlog

Company-operated restaurants have no backlog orders.

 

 

Government contracts

No material portion of the business is subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts or subcontracts at the election of the U.S. government.

 

 

Competition

McDonald’s restaurants compete with international, national, regional and local retailers of food products. The Company competes on the basis of price, convenience and service and by offering quality food products. The Company’s competition in the broadest perspective includes restaurants, quick-service eating establishments, pizza parlors, coffee shops, street vendors, convenience food stores, delicatessens and supermarkets.

In the U.S., there are approximately 550,000 restaurants that generated about $365 billion in annual sales in 2006. McDonald’s restaurant business accounts for about 2.5% of those restaurants and 7.4% of the sales. No reasonable estimate can be made of the number of competitors outside the U.S.

 

 

Research and development

The Company operates a research and development facility in the U.S., two facilities in Europe and one facility in Asia. While research and development activities are important to the Company’s business, these expenditures are not material. Independent suppliers also conduct research activities that benefit the McDonald’s System, which includes franchisees and suppliers as well as the Company, its subsidiaries and joint ventures.

 

 

Environmental matters

The Company is not aware of any federal, state or local environmental laws or regulations that will materially affect its earnings or competitive position or result in material capital expenditures. However, the Company cannot predict the effect on its operations of possible future environmental legislation or regulations. During 2006, there were no material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities and no such material expenditures are anticipated.

 

 

Number of employees

The Company’s number of employees worldwide, including Company-operated restaurant employees, was approximately 465,000 as of year end. This includes employees at McDonald’s and Boston Market’s Company-operated restaurants.

d. Financial information about geographic areas

Financial information about geographic areas is incorporated herein by reference to Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 11 through 28 and Segment and geographic information in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.

e. Available information

The Company is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). The Company therefore files periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Such reports may be obtained by visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, or by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information.

Financial and other information can also be accessed on the investor section of the Company’s website at www.mcdonalds.com. The Company makes available, free of charge, copies of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC.

Copies of financial and other information are also available free of charge by calling (630) 623-7428 or by sending a request to McDonald’s Corporation Investor Relations Service Center, Department 300, McDonald’s Plaza, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

Also posted on McDonald’s website are the Company’s Corporate Governance Principles, the charters of McDonald’s Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Governance Committee, the Company’s Standards of Business Conduct, the Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers and the Code of Conduct for the Board of Directors. Copies of these documents are also available free of charge by calling (630) 623-7428 or by sending a request to McDonald’s Corporation Investor Relations Service Center, Department 300, McDonald’s Plaza, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, James A. Skinner, certified to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) on June 6, 2006, pursuant to Section 303A.12 of the NYSE’s listing standards, that he was not aware of any violation by the Company of the NYSE’s corporate governance listing standards as of that date.

Information on our website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K or our other securities filings and is not a part of them.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS AND CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report includes forward-looking statements about our plans and future performance, including those under Outlook for 2007. These statements use such words as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe” and “plan.” They reflect our expectations and speak only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update them. Our expectations (or the underlying assumptions) may change or not be realized, and you should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements.

Our business and execution of our strategic plan, the Plan to Win, are subject to risks. By far the most important of these is our ability to remain relevant to our customers and a brand they trust. Meeting customer expectations is complicated by the risks inherent in our operating environment. The informal eating out segment of the restaurant industry, although largely mature in our major markets, is also highly fragmented and competitive. We have the added challenge of the cultural, economic and regulatory differences that exist among the more than 100 countries where we operate. We also face risk in adapting our business model in particular markets. The decision to own restaurants or to operate under franchise, developmental license or joint venture agreements is driven by many factors whose interrelationship is complex and changing. Our plan to reduce our ownership of restaurants may be difficult to achieve for many reasons, and the change in ownership mix may not affect our results as we now expect. Regulatory and similar initiatives around the world have also become more wide-ranging and prescriptive and affect how we operate, as well as our results. In particular, increasing focus on nutritional content and on the production, processing and preparation of food “from field to front counter” presents challenges for our Brand and may adversely affect our results.

These risks can have an impact both in the near- and long-term and are reflected in the following considerations and factors that we believe are most likely to affect our performance.

Our ability to remain a relevant and trusted brand and to increase sales depends largely on how well we execute the Plan to Win.

We developed the Plan to Win to address the key drivers of our business and results - people, products, place, price and promotion. The quality of our execution depends mainly on the following:

 

   

Our ability to anticipate and respond to trends or other factors that affect the informal eating out market and our competitive position in the diverse markets we serve, such as spending patterns, demographic changes, consumer food preferences, publicity about our products or operations that can drive consumer perceptions, as well as our success in planning and executing initiatives to address these trends and factors or other competitive pressures;

 

   

The success of our initiatives to support menu choice, physical activity and nutritional awareness and to address these and other matters of social responsibility in a way that communicates our values effectively and inspires the trust and confidence of our customers;

 

   

Our ability to respond effectively to adverse consumer perceptions about the quick-service segment of the informal eating out market, our products or the reliability of our supply chain and the safety of the food ingredients we use, and our ability to manage the potential impact on McDonald’s of food-borne illnesses involving other restaurant or food companies;

 

   

The success of our plans for 2007 and beyond to improve existing products and to roll-out new products and product line extensions, as well as the impact of our competitors’ actions, including in response to our product improvements and introductions, and our ability to continue robust product development and manage the complexity of our restaurant operations;

 

   

Our ability to achieve an overall product mix that differentiates the McDonald’s experience and balances consumer value with margin expansion, including in markets where cost or pricing pressures may be significant;

 

   

The impact of pricing, marketing and promotional plans on product sales and margins and on our ability to target these efforts effectively to maintain or expand market share;

 

   

The impact of events such as public boycotts, labor strikes and commodity or other supply chain price increases that can adversely affect us directly or adversely affect the vendors, franchisees and others that are also part of the McDonald’s System and whose performance has a material impact on our results;

 

   

Our ability to drive improvements in our restaurants, recruit qualified restaurant personnel and motivate employees to achieve sustained high service levels so as to improve consumer perceptions of our ability to meet their expectations for quality food served in clean and friendly environments;

 

   

Whether our ongoing restaurant remodeling and rebuilding initiatives, which vary from year to year by market and type, are targeted at the elements of the restaurant experience that will best accomplish our goals to enhance the relevance of our Brand and achieve an efficient allocation of our capital resources; and

 

   

Our ability to leverage promotional or operating successes in individual markets into other markets in a timely and cost-effective way.

Our results and financial condition are affected by our ownership mix and whether we can achieve a mix that optimizes margins and returns, while meeting our business needs and customer expectations.

As described in Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, our plans call for a reduction in Company-operated restaurants by re-franchising them or entering into developmental license agreements. Whether and when we can achieve these plans, as well as their success, is uncertain and will be affected by the following:

 

   

Our ability to identify prospective franchisees and licensees with the experience and financial resources to be effective operators of McDonald’s restaurants;

 

   

Whether there are regulatory or other constraints that restrict or prevent our ability to implement our plans or increase our costs;

 

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How quickly we re-franchise or enter into developmental licenses, which we expect will vary by market and could also vary significantly from period to period;

 

   

The nature and amount of contingent liabilities and other exposures we may retain in connection with re-franchising through developmental licensing arrangements, such as indemnification obligations;

 

   

The potential risks to our Brand if a franchisee or licensee fails to perform or projects a brand image inconsistent with our values, even where we retain substantial rights to remedy such a default, which will likely be more significant if an arrangement places multiple markets or a large number of restaurants under the control of a single franchisee or licensee;

 

   

Whether the period during which we plan to make these changes will be sufficient to achieve them; and

 

   

Changes in the operating or legal environment and other circumstances that cause us to delay or revise our plans to alter our ownership mix.

Our results and financial condition are affected by global and local market conditions, which can adversely affect our sales, margins and net income.

Our results of operations are substantially affected not only by global economic conditions, but also by local operating and economic conditions, which can vary substantially by market. Unfavorable conditions can depress sales in a given market and may prompt promotional or other actions that adversely affect our margins, constrain our operating flexibility or result in charges, restaurant closings or sales of Company-operated restaurants. Whether we can manage this risk effectively depends mainly on the following:

 

   

Our ability to manage fluctuations in commodity prices, interest and foreign exchange rates and the effects of local governmental initiatives to manage through national economic conditions such as consumer spending and inflation rates;

 

   

The impact on our margins of labor costs given our labor-intensive business model and the trend toward higher wages in both mature and developing markets;

 

   

Whether we are able to identify and develop restaurant sites, either directly or though licensees or partners, consistent with our plans for net growth of Systemwide restaurants from year to year, and whether new sites are as profitable as expected;

 

   

The effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions such as consumer spending or wage and inflation rates;

 

   

Whether the recent improvements in operating results in markets such as the U.K. and Japan will be sustained and whether we can develop effective initiatives in other underperforming markets that may be experiencing challenges such as low consumer confidence levels, slow economic growth or a highly competitive operating environment;

 

   

The nature and timing of decisions about underperforming markets or assets, including decisions that result in significant impairment charges that reduce our earnings, such as those that may occur as we change our ownership mix as described above; and

 

   

The success of our strategy in China, where we are planning significant growth, including our ability to identify and secure appropriate real estate sites and to manage the costs and profitability of our growth in light of competitive pressures and other operating conditions that may limit pricing flexibility.

Increasing regulatory complexity will continue to affect our operations and results in material ways.

Our legal and regulatory environment worldwide exposes us to complex compliance, litigation and similar risks that affect our operations and results in material ways. In many of our markets, including the United States and Europe, we are subject to increasing regulation, which has significantly increased our cost of doing business. In developing markets, we face the risks associated with new and untested laws and judicial systems. Among the more important regulatory and litigation risks we face are the following:

 

   

Our ability to manage the cost, compliance and other risks associated with the often conflicting regulations we face, especially in the United States where inconsistent standards imposed by local, state and federal authorities can adversely affect consumer perceptions and increase our exposure to litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings, and the impact of new, potential or changing regulation that affects or restricts elements of our business, particularly those relating to advertising to children, nutritional content or product labeling;

 

   

The impact of nutritional, health and other scientific inquiries and conclusions, which constantly evolve and often have contradictory implications, but nonetheless drive consumer perceptions, litigation and regulation in ways that are material to our business;

 

   

The risks and costs of McDonald’s nutritional labeling and other disclosure practices, particularly given differences in practices within the restaurant industry with respect to testing and disclosure, ordinary variations in food preparation among our own restaurants, and reliance on the accuracy and appropriateness of information obtained from third party suppliers;

 

   

The impact of litigation trends, particularly in our major markets, including class actions involving consumers and shareholders, labor and employment matters or landlord liability and the relative level of our defense costs, which vary from period to period depending on the number, nature and procedural status of pending proceedings and the possibility of settlements or judgments;

 

   

Adverse results of pending or future litigation, including litigation challenging the composition of our products or the appropriateness or accuracy of our advertising or other communications;

 

   

Disruptions in our operations or price volatility in a market that can result from government actions, including price controls, limitations on the import or export of commodities we use or government-mandated closure of our or our vendors’ operations;

 

   

The risks of operating in markets, such as Brazil and China, in which there are significant uncertainties, including with respect to the application of legal requirements and the enforceability of laws and contractual obligations;

 

   

The risks associated with information security and the use of cashless payments, such as increased investment in technology, the costs of compliance with privacy, consumer protection and other laws, costs resulting from consumer fraud and the impact on our margins as the use of cashless payments increases; and

 

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The impact of changes in accounting principles or practices (or related legal or regulatory interpretations or our critical accounting estimates), including changes in tax accounting or tax laws (or interpretations thereof), which will depend on their timing, nature and scope.

The trading volatility and price of our common stock may be affected by many factors.

Many factors affect the volatility and price of our common stock. These factors include some over which we have no control, such as general market conditions and governmental actions or reports about economic activity that may have a market-moving impact, regardless of whether the action or activity directly relates to our business. Actions or reports by U.S. authorities are of special import since the United States is our largest segment and our principal trading market. Trading activity in our common stock (whether in the cash or derivative markets) also affects prices and volatility. In addition to reflecting investor expectations about our prospects, trading activity can include significant purchases by shareholders who may seek to affect our business strategies, as well as both sales and purchases resulting from the ordinary course rebalancing of stock indices in which McDonald’s may be included, such as the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Finally, our stock price can be affected not only by operating actions we take, but also by non-operating initiatives, such as our plans to reduce shares outstanding through repurchases or increases in our dividend rate.

Our results can be adversely affected by disruptions or events, such as the impact of severe weather conditions and natural disasters.

Severe weather conditions (such as hurricanes), terrorist activities, health epidemics or pandemics or the prospect of these events (such as the potential spread of avian flu) can have an adverse impact on consumer spending and confidence levels and in turn the McDonald’s System and our results and prospects in the affected markets. Our receipt of proceeds under any insurance we maintain for these purposes may be delayed or the proceeds may be insufficient to offset our losses fully.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company owns and leases real estate primarily in connection with its restaurant business. The Company identifies and develops sites that offer convenience to customers and long-term sales and profit potential to the Company. To assess potential, the Company analyzes traffic and walking patterns, census data and other relevant data. The Company’s experience and access to advanced technology aid in evaluating this information. The Company generally owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for restaurant sites, which ensures long-term occupancy rights and helps control related costs. Restaurant profitability for both the Company and franchisees is important; therefore, ongoing efforts are made to control average development costs through construction and design efficiencies, standardization and by leveraging the Company’s global sourcing network. Additional information about the Company’s properties is included in Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 11 through 28 and in Financial statements and supplementary data in Part II, Item 8, pages 29 through 45 of this Form 10-K.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company has pending a number of lawsuits that have been filed from time to time in various jurisdictions. These lawsuits cover a broad variety of allegations spanning the Company’s entire business. The following is a brief description of the more significant of these categories of lawsuits. In addition, the Company is subject to various federal, state and local regulations that impact various aspects of its business, as discussed below. While the Company does not believe that any such claims, lawsuits or regulations will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations, unfavorable rulings could occur. Were an unfavorable ruling to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on net income for the period in which the ruling occurs or for future periods.

 

 

Shareholders

On April 2, 2004, a class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Case No. 04C-2422) (Allan Selbst v. McDonald’s Corporation, Jack M. Greenberg, Matthew H. Paull and Michael J. Roberts), alleging violation of federal securities laws. Two nearly identical actions were subsequently filed in the same court. On October 19, 2004, the lead plaintiff filed its amended and consolidated class action complaint, alleging, among other things, that the Company and individual defendants misled investors by issuing false and misleading financial reports and earnings projections in a series of press releases and other public statements between December 14, 2001 and January 22, 2003, thereby overstating the Company’s current and anticipated earnings. The amended complaint seeks class action certification, unspecified compensatory damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On January 18, 2005, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On September 21, 2005, the Court denied this motion. The lead plaintiff then filed its first amended complaint on October 7, 2005. On November 16, 2005, the defendants moved to dismiss the first amended complaint. On May 17, 2006, the court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint without prejudice, giving the plaintiffs another chance to state a claim. On June 16, 2006, the plaintiffs filed their second amended complaint. On July 17, 2006, the defendants filed their motion to dismiss the complaint. On December 15, 2006, the Court granted defendants’ motion to dismiss with prejudice. On January 16, 2007, the plaintiffs filed their notice of appeal from the Court’s order of dismissal.

The Company intends to defend its interests vigorously in the plaintiffs’ appeal.

On July 9, 2004, the following shareholder derivative action was filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division, (Case No. 04CH10921) (Marilyn Clark, Derivatively on Behalf of McDonald’s Corporation v. Jack M. Greenberg, Matthew H. Paull, Michael J. Roberts, James A. Skinner, Stanley R. Stein, Gloria Santona, Fred L. Turner, Michael R. Quinlan, Hall Adams, Jr.,

 

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Charles H. Bell, Edward A. Brennan, Robert A. Eckert, Enrique Hernandez, Jr., Jeanne P. Jackson, Donald G. Lubin, Walter E. Massey, Andrew J. McKenna, Cary D. McMillan, John W. Rogers, Jr., Terry L. Savage, Roger W. Stone, and Robert N. Thurston). This suit is purportedly brought on behalf of McDonald’s Corporation against several of its current and former directors and officers (collectively Individual Defendants), and the Corporation as a nominal defendant. Clark contains allegations similar to the federal court complaint, with additional allegations that the Individual Defendants participated in or failed to prevent the alleged securities fraud violations described above. Clark alleges that these acts or omissions by the Individual Defendants constitute breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment. Clark seeks judgment in favor of McDonald’s Corporation for (1) unspecified damages sustained by the Corporation; (2) injunctive relief restricting the proceeds of Individual Defendants’ trading activities or other assets to assure the Corporation has an effective remedy; (3) restitution and disgorgement of all profits, benefits and other compensation; and (4) attorneys’ fees and costs. On May 3, 2006, Individual Defendants filed their motions to dismiss the complaint. On September 29, 2006, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint containing allegations as described above.

On November 15, 2006, the Individual Defendants filed their motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On January 8, 2007, the plaintiff voluntarily dismissed her complaint without prejudice.

On January 30, 2006, the following shareholder derivative action was filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division, (Case No. 06CH01950) (Philip Bufithis and Thomas Bauernfeind v. Hall Adams, Jr., Edward A. Brennan, Robert A. Eckert, Jack M. Greenberg, Enrique Hernandez, Jr., Jeanne P. Jackson, Walter E. Massey, Andrew J. McKenna, Cary D. McMillan, Matthew H. Paull, Michael J. Roberts, John W. Rogers, Jr., James A. Skinner, Anne-Marie Slaughter, and Roger W. Stone). Like Clark, this suit is purportedly brought on behalf of McDonald’s Corporation against several of its directors, officers and a former officer (collectively Individual Defendants), and the Corporation as a nominal defendant. Bufithis contains allegations similar to the lawsuits described above, claiming that from 2001 to 2003 the Individual Defendants participated in or acquiesced to improper undisclosed accounting practices, in alleged violation of federal securities law. Bufithis alleges that these acts or omissions by the Individual Defendants constitute breaches of fiduciary duty, and seeks judgment in favor of McDonald’s for unspecified damages sustained by the Corporation and unspecified equitable relief, as well as attorneys’ fees and costs. On May 3, 2006, Individual Defendants filed their motions to dismiss the complaint. On July 13, 2006, the court dismissed the plaintiff’s complaint without prejudice pursuant to the parties’ agreed motion for voluntary dismissal.

 

 

Obesity

On or about February 17, 2003, two minors, by their parents and guardians, filed an Amended Complaint against McDonald’s Corporation in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Case No.02 Civ. 7821 (RWS)) (Ashley Pelman, a child under the age of 18 years, by her mother and natural guardian, Roberta Pelman, and Jazlen Bradley, a child under the age of 18 years, by her father and natural guardian, Israel Bradley, v. McDonald’s Corporation) seeking class action status on behalf of individuals in New York under the age of 18 (and their parents and/or guardians), who became obese or developed other adverse health conditions allegedly from eating McDonald’s products. On September 3, 2003, the Court dismissed all counts of the complaint with prejudice. On January 25, 2005, following an appeal by the plaintiffs, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals Court vacated the District Court’s decision to dismiss alleged violations of Section 349 of the New York Consumer Protection Act as set forth in Counts I-III of the amended complaint.

On December 12, 2005, the plaintiffs filed their second amended complaint. In this complaint, the plaintiffs alleged that McDonald’s Corporation: (1) engaged in a deceptive advertising campaign to “be perceived to be less nutritionally detrimental-than-in-fact”; (2) failed adequately to disclose its use of certain additives and ingredients; and (3) failed to provide nutritional information about its products. Plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory damages; an order directing defendants to label their individual products specifying the fat, salt, sugar, cholesterol and dietary content; an order prohibiting marketing to certain individuals; “funding of an educational program to inform children and adults of the dangers of eating certain foods” sold by defendants; and attorneys’ fees and costs.

The Company believes that it has substantial legal and factual defenses to the plaintiffs’ claims and we intend to defend this lawsuit vigorously.

 

 

Brazil

On May 31, 2005, a public civil action was filed in Brazil by the Federal Attorney’s Office for the Federal District against, among others, McDonald’s Comércio de Alimentos Ltda, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (McCal), and three of its former employees. The complaint alleges that McCal and its former employees made an improper payment to obtain tax guidance relating to the deductibility of franchisee royalty payments in Brazil. The complaint seeks certain monetary and non-monetary relief. Although the Company does not believe that this action will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results, it cannot predict the outcome of this matter.

 

 

Franchising

A substantial number of McDonald’s restaurants are franchised to independent entrepreneurs operating under contractual arrangements with the Company. In the course of the franchise relationship, occasional disputes arise between the Company and its franchisees relating to a broad range of subjects including, but not limited to, quality, service and cleanliness issues, contentions regarding grants or terminations of franchises, delinquent payments of rents and fees, and franchisee claims for additional franchises or rewrites of franchises. Additionally, occasional disputes arise between the Company and individuals who claim they should have been granted a McDonald’s franchise.

 

 

Suppliers

The Company and its affiliates and subsidiaries do not supply, with minor exceptions outside the U.S., food, paper or related items to any McDonald’s restaurants. The Company relies upon numerous independent suppliers that are required to meet and maintain the Company’s high standards and specifications. On occasion, disputes arise between the Company and its suppliers on a number of issues including, by way of example, compliance with product specifications and the Company’s business relationship with suppliers. In addition, disputes occasionally arise on

 

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a number of issues between the Company and individuals or entities who claim that they should be (or should have been) granted the opportunity to supply products or services to the Company’s restaurants.

 

 

Employees

Hundreds of thousands of people are employed by the Company and in restaurants owned and operated by subsidiaries of the Company. In addition, thousands of people from time to time seek employment in such restaurants. In the ordinary course of business, disputes arise regarding hiring, firing, promotion and pay, alleged discrimination and compliance with employment laws.

 

 

Customers

Restaurants owned by subsidiaries of the Company regularly serve a broad segment of the public. In so doing, disputes arise as to products, service, accidents, advertising, nutritional and other disclosures as well as other matters common to an extensive restaurant business such as that of the Company.

 

 

Intellectual property

The Company has registered trademarks and service marks, patents and copyrights, some of which are of material importance to the Company’s business. From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation to protect its intellectual property and to defend against the alleged use of third party intellectual property.

 

 

Government regulations

Local, state and federal governments have adopted laws and regulations involving various aspects of the restaurant business including, but not limited to, franchising, health, safety, environment, zoning and employment. The Company strives to comply with all applicable existing statutory and administrative rules and cannot predict the effect on its operations from the issuance of additional requirements in the future.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SHAREHOLDERS

None.

The following are the Executive Officers of our Company: (as of the date of this filing)

Ralph Alvarez, 51, is President and Chief Operating Officer, a position to which he was appointed in August 2006. He served as President of McDonald’s North America from January 2005 to August 2006 and as President, McDonald’s USA, from July 2004 to January 2005. From January 2003 to July 2004, Mr. Alvarez served as the Chief Operations Officer for McDonald’s USA. Prior to that time, he served as President, Central Division from October 2001 to January 2003. Except for a brief period in 1999, Mr. Alvarez has been with the Company for 12 years.

Jose Armario, 47, is President, McDonald’s Latin America, a position he has held since December 2003. He previously served as Senior Vice President and International Relationship Partner for the northern markets in Latin America from July 2001 through November 2003. Prior to that time, he served as Vice President and International Relationship Partner for the Latin American Group from June 1999 through July 2001. Mr. Armario has been with the Company for 10 years.

Mary Dillon, 45, is Corporate Executive Vice President–Global Chief Marketing Officer. She has served in that position since joining the Company in October 2005. Prior to joining the Company, she was Division President of Quaker Foods, a division of PepsiCo, from 2004 to October 2005. Prior to that role, Ms. Dillon served as Vice President of Marketing, Quaker Foods from 2002 to 2004. Ms. Dillon has been with the Company for one year.

Timothy J. Fenton, 49, is President, McDonald’s Asia/Pacific/Middle East/Africa, a position he has held since January 2005. From May 2003 to January 2005, he served as President, East Division for McDonald’s USA. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President, International Relationship Partner from September 1999 through May 2003. Mr. Fenton has been with the Company for 33 years.

Richard Floersch, 49, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. Mr. Floersch joined the Company in November 2003. He previously served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources for Kraft Foods from 1998 through 2003. Mr. Floersch has been with the Company for three years.

Denis Hennequin, 48, is President of McDonald’s Europe, a position he has held since July 2005. From January 2005 to July 2005, he served as Senior Vice President and International Relationship Partner of McDonald’s Europe. From January 2004 to January 2005, he served as Vice President of McDonald’s Europe. Prior to that time, he served as President and Managing Director of McDonald’s France from December 1996 to January 2004. Mr. Hennequin has been with the Company for 22 years.

Matthew H. Paull, 55, is Corporate Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, a position he has held since July 2004. From July 2001 to July 2004, he served as Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Paull has been with the Company for 13 years.

David M. Pojman, 47, is Corporate Senior Vice President–Controller, a position he has held since March 2002. He served as Vice President and Assistant Corporate Controller from January 2000 to March 2002. Mr. Pojman has been with the Company for 24 years.

Gloria Santona, 56, is Corporate Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, a position she has held since July 2003. From June 2001 to July 2003, she served as Corporate Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Ms. Santona has been with the Company for 29 years.

James A. Skinner, 62, is Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, a post to which he was elected in November 2004, and also has served as a Director since that date. He served as Vice Chairman from January 2003 to November 2004 and as President and Chief Operating Officer of McDonald’s Worldwide Restaurant Group from January 2002 to December 2002. Mr. Skinner has been with the Company for 35 years.

Jeffrey P. Stratton, 51, is Corporate Executive Vice President–Chief Restaurant Officer, a position he has held since January 2005. He previously served as U.S. Executive Vice President, Chief Restaurant Officer from January 2004 to December 2004. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President, Chief Restaurant Officer of McDonald’s USA from May 2002 to January 2004 and Senior Vice President from October 2001 to May 2002. Mr. Stratton has been with the Company for 33 years.

Donald Thompson, 43, is President, McDonald’s USA, a position he has held since August 2006. He previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operations Officer for McDonald’s USA from January 2005 through August 2006, as Executive Vice President, Restaurant Solutions Group from May 2004 through January 2005, and President, West Division, from October 2001 through May 2004. Mr. Thompson has been with the Company for 16 years.

 

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PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s common stock trades under the symbol MCD and is listed on the New York and Chicago stock exchanges in the U.S.

The following table sets forth the common stock price ranges on the New York Stock Exchange composite tape and dividends declared per common share:

 

     2006    2005
DOLLARS PER SHARE    High    Low    Dividend    High    Low    Dividend

Quarter:

                 

First

   36.75    33.20    —      34.56    30.81    —  

Second

   35.99    31.73    —      31.91    27.74    —  

Third

   40.06    32.75    1.00    35.03    27.36    .67

Fourth

   44.68    38.95    —      35.69    31.48    —  

Year

   44.68    31.73    1.00    35.69    27.36    .67

The number of shareholders of record and beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock as of January 31, 2007 was estimated to be about 983,000.

Given the Company’s returns on equity and assets, management believes it is prudent to reinvest in markets with acceptable returns and/or opportunity for long-term growth and use excess cash flow to return cash to shareholders either through share repurchases or dividends. The Company has paid dividends on common stock for 31 consecutive years through 2006 and has increased the dividend amount at least once every year. As in the past, further dividends will be considered after reviewing profit-ability expectations and financing needs, and will be declared at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors.

The following table presents information related to acquisitions of common stock the Company made during the three months ended December 31, 2006:

 

Issuer purchases of equity securities*
Period    Total number of
shares purchased
   Average price
paid per share
   Total number of
shares purchased
under the program**
  

Maximum dollar
amount that may yet
be purchased under the

program

October 1-31, 2006

   23,553,775    $  40.33    23,553,775    $  4,395,583,000

November 1-30, 2006

   10,096,142    41.66    10,096,142    3,974,932,000

December 1-31, 2006

   11,557,527    43.88    11,557,527    3,467,776,000

Total

   45,207,444    $  41.53    45,207,444    $  3,467,776,000

 

* Includes 18.6 million shares acquired in the October 2006 tax–free exchange of McDonald’s remaining interest in Chipotle for shares of McDonald’s at an effective price of $39.92 per share.

 

** During October 2006, the Company completed a $5.0 billion share repurchase program initially authorized by the Board of Directors in 2001. In March 2006, a new $5.0 billion program was authorized. Through 2006, approximately 36 million shares have been acquired for $1.5 billion under this new program. The Company repurchases shares directly in the open market during limited time frames in each month consistent with its internal trading policies, and also repurchases shares under plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act during periods when we may be prohibited from making direct share repurchases under those policies.

The following table summarizes information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2006. All outstanding awards relate to our Common Stock. Shares issued under all of the following plans may be from the Company’s treasury, newly issued or both.

Equity compensation plan information


 

     

Number of securities
to be issued

upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

   

Weighted-average

exercise price of
outstanding options,

warrants and rights

   Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
Plan category    (a)     (b)    (c)

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

   63,775,062 (1)   $  26.68    50,768,619

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

   40,753,102 (2)   35.64   

Total

   104,528,164     $  30.09    50,768,619

 

(1) Includes stock options outstanding under the following plans: 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan – 50,318,429 shares; 1992 Stock Ownership Incentive Plan (1992 Plan) – 10,046,970 shares; 1975 Stock Ownership Option Plan (1975 Plan) – 678,254 shares; and Non–Employee Director Stock Option Plan – 113,164 shares. Also includes 2,618,245 restricted stock units granted under the McDonald’s Corporation 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan.

 

(2) Includes stock options outstanding under the following plans: 1992 Plan–39,719,352; 1975 Plan–1,000,000; and 1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan–33,750.

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

 

11-YEAR SUMMARY

 

 

 

DOLLARS IN MILLIONS,

                         
EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002     2001     2000    1999    1998     1997    1996  

Company-operated sales

   $ 16,083     14,726     13,755     12,481     11,296     10,909     10,396    9,504    8,895     8,136    7,571  

Franchised and affiliated revenues

   $ 5,503     5,106     4,839     4,344     3,905     3,829     3,776    3,747    3,526     3,273    3,116  

Total revenues

   $ 21,586     19,832     18,594     16,825     15,201     14,738     14,172    13,251    12,421     11,409    10,687  

Operating income

   $ 4,445 (1)   3,992     3,538 (4)   2,837 (5)   2,128 (6)   2,721 (7)   3,352    3,324    2,762 (8)   2,808    2,633  

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2,873 (1)   2,586 (3)   2,278 (4)   1,511 (5)   1,000 (6)   1,649 (7)   1,987    1,950    1,550 (8)   1,642    1,573  

Net income

   $ 3,544 (1,2)   2,602 (3)   2,279 (4)   1,471 (5,9)   893 (6,10)   1,637 (7)   1,977    1,948    1,550 (8)   1,642    1,573  

Cash provided by operations

   $ 4,341     4,337     3,904     3,269     2,890     2,688     2,751    3,009    2,766     2,442    2,461  

Cash used for investing activities

   $ 1,273     1,818     1,383     1,370     2,467     2,068     2,213    2,262    1,948     2,217    2,570  

Capital expenditures

   $ 1,742     1,607     1,419     1,307     2,004     1,906     1,945    1,868    1,879     2,111    2,375  

Cash used for (provided by) financing activities

   $ 5,192     (362 )   1,634     1,737     511     624     537    627    860     214    (104 )

Treasury stock acquired

   $ 3,719     1,228     605     439     687     1,090     2,002    933    1,162     765    605  

Common stock cash dividends

   $ 1,217     842     695     504     297     288     281    265    239     221    203  

Financial position at year end:

                         

Total assets

   $ 29,024     29,989     27,838     25,838     24,194     22,535     21,684    20,983    19,784     18,242    17,386  

Total debt

   $ 8,434     10,137     9,220     9,731     9,979     8,918     8,474    7,252    7,043     6,463    5,523  

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 15,458     15,146     14,201     11,982     10,281     9,488     9,204    9,639    9,465     8,852    8,718  

Shares outstanding
IN MILLIONS

     1,204     1,263     1,270     1,262     1,268     1,281     1,305    1,351    1,356     1,371    1,389  

Per common share:

                         

Income from continuing operations–diluted

   $ 2.30 (1)   2.03 (3)   1.79 (4)   1.18 (5)   0.78 (6)   1.26 (7)   1.46    1.39    1.10 (8)   1.15    1.08  

Net income–diluted

   $ 2.83 (1,2)   2.04 (3)   1.79 (4)   1.15 (5,9)   0.70 (6,10)   1.25 (7)   1.46    1.39    1.10 (8)   1.15    1.08  

Dividends declared

   $ 1.00     .67     .55     .40     .24     .23     .22    .20    .18     .16    .15  

Market price at year end

   $ 44.33     33.72     32.06     24.83     16.08     26.47     34.00    40.31    38.41     23.88    22.69  

Company-operated restaurants

     8,785     8,802     8,811     8,661     8,773     8,204     7,548    6,022    5,433     4,887    4,294  

Franchised restaurants

     18,687     18,326     18,240     18,125     17,859     17,392     16,795    15,949    15,086     14,197    13,374  

Affiliated restaurants

     4,195     4,269     4,101     4,038     4,244     4,320     4,260    4,301    3,994     3,844    3,216  

Total Systemwide restaurants

     31,667     31,397     31,152     30,824     30,876     29,916     28,603    26,272    24,513     22,928    20,884  

Franchised and affiliated sales(11)

   $ 41,380     38,913     37,052     33,129     30,022     29,590     29,714    28,979    27,084     25,502    24,241  

 

(1) Includes pretax operating charges of $134 million ($98 million after tax or $0.07 per share income from continuing operations, $0.08 per share net income) related to impairment and other charges (see Impairment and other charges (credits), net note to the consolidated financial statements for further details), as well as net incremental tax expense of $0.01 per share primarily related to a one-time impact from a tax law change in Canada.

 

(2) Includes income of $671 million ($0.53 per share) related to discontinued operations primarily resulting from the disposal of our investment in Chipotle.

 

(3) Includes a net tax benefit of $73 million ($0.05 per share) comprised of $179 million ($0.14 per share) tax benefit due to a favorable audit settlement of the Company’s 2000-2002 U.S. tax returns and $106 million ($0.09 per share) of incremental tax expense resulting from the decision to repatriate certain foreign earnings under the Homeland Investment Act.

 

(4) Includes pretax operating charges of $130 million related to impairment and $151 million ($18 million related to 2004 and $133 million related to prior years) for a correction in the Company’s lease accounting practices and policies (see Impairment and other charges (credits), net note to the consolidated financial statements for further details), as well as a nonoperating gain of $49 million related to the sale of the Company’s interest in a U.S. real estate partnership, for a total pretax expense of $232 million ($166 million after tax or $0.13 per share).

 

(5) Includes pretax charges of $408 million ($323 million after tax or $0.26 per share) primarily related to the disposition of certain non-McDonald’s brands and impairment.

 

(6) Includes pretax charges of $853 million ($700 million after tax or $0.55 per share) primarily related to restructuring certain international markets and eliminating positions, restaurant closings/asset impairment and the write-off of technology costs.

 

(7) Includes pretax operating charges of $378 million primarily related to the U.S. business reorganization and other global change initiatives, and restaurant closings/asset impairment as well as net pretax nonoperating income of $125 million primarily related to a gain on the initial public offering of McDonald’s Japan, for a total pretax expense of $253 million ($143 million after tax or $0.11 per share).

 

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(8) Includes pretax charges of $322 million ($219 million after tax or $0.16 per share) consisting of $162 million of “Made For You” costs and $160 million related to a home office productivity initiative.

 

(9) Includes a $37 million after tax charge ($0.03 per share) to reflect the cumulative effect of the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,” which requires legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets to be recognized at their fair value at the time the obligations are incurred.

 

(10) Includes a $99 million after tax charge ($0.07 per share) to reflect the cumulative effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (SFAS No. 142), which eliminates the amortization of goodwill and instead subjects it to annual impairment tests. Adjusted for the nonamortization provisions of SFAS No. 142, net income per common share would have been $0.02 higher in 2001 and 2000 and $0.01 higher in 1999–1996.

 

(11) While franchised and affiliated sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes they are important in understanding the Company’s financial performance because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised and affiliated revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Description of the business

The Company primarily franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants. In addition, the Company operates and has investments in certain non-McDonald’s brands that are not material to the Company’s overall results. Of the 31,046 McDonald’s restaurants in 118 countries at year-end 2006, 18,685 are operated by franchisees (including 1,091 operated by developmental licensees), 4,195 are operated by affiliates and 8,166 are operated by the Company. Under our conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of the required capital by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and décor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both Company-operated and franchised restaurant sites. This ensures long-term occupancy rights, helps control related costs and improves alignment with franchisees. Under our developmental license arrangement, licensees provide ongoing capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest, while the Company generally has no capital invested.

We view ourselves primarily as a franchisor and continually review our restaurant ownership mix (that is our mix among Company-operated, franchised - conventional or developmental license, and joint venture) to deliver a great customer experience and drive profitability. In most cases, franchising is the best way to achieve both goals. Although direct restaurant operation is more capital-intensive relative to franchising and results in lower operating margins as a percent of revenues, Company-operated restaurants are important to our success in both mature and developing markets. In our Company-operated restaurants, and in collaboration with our franchisees, we further develop and refine operating standards, marketing concepts and product and pricing strategies, so that we introduce Systemwide only those that we believe are most beneficial. In addition, we firmly believe that owning restaurants is paramount to being a credible franchisor. Our Company-operated business also helps to facilitate changes in restaurant ownership as warranted by strategic considerations.

Revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees and affiliates. These fees primarily include rent, service fees and/or royalties that are based on a percent of sales, with specified minimum rent payments. Fees vary by type of site, amount of Company investment and local business conditions. These fees, along with occupancy and operating rights, are stipulated in franchise/license agreements that generally have 20-year terms.

The business is managed as distinct geographic segments: United States; Europe; Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa (APMEA); Latin America; and Canada. In addition, throughout this report we present a segment entitled “Corporate & Other” that includes Corporate activities and non-McDonald’s brands (e.g., Boston Market). The U.S. and Europe segments each account for approximately 35% of total revenues. France, Germany and the United Kingdom (U.K.), collectively, account for approximately 60% of Europe’s revenues; and Australia, China and Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate accounted for under the equity method), collectively, account for nearly 50% of APMEA’s revenues. These six markets along with the U.S. and Canada are referred to as “major markets” throughout this report and comprise approximately 70% of total revenues.

During 2006, the Company disposed of its entire investment in Chipotle Mexican Grill (Chipotle) via public stock offerings and a tax-free exchange for McDonald’s common stock. As a result of the complete disposition of Chipotle, the Company has reflected Chipotle’s results for all years shown as discontinued operations, including gains from the disposition in 2006.

In analyzing business trends, management considers a variety of performance and financial measures including comparable sales growth, Systemwide sales growth, operating margins and returns.

 

   

Constant currency results exclude the effects of foreign currency translation and are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates. Management reviews and analyzes business results in constant currencies and bases certain compensation plans on these results because we believe they better represent the underlying business trends.

 

   

Comparable sales are a key performance indicator used within the retail industry and are indicative of acceptance of the Company’s initiatives as well as local economic and consumer trends. Increases or decreases in comparable sales represent the percent change in constant currency sales from the same period in the prior year for all McDonald’s restaurants in operation at least thirteen months, including those temporarily closed. Some of the reasons restaurants may be temporarily closed include road construction, reimaging or remodeling, and natural disasters. McDonald’s reports on a calendar basis and therefore the comparability of the same month, quarter and year with the corresponding period of the prior year will be impacted by the mix of days. The number of weekdays, weekend days and timing of holidays in a given timeframe can have a positive or negative impact on comparable sales. The Company refers to this impact as the calendar shift/trading day adjustment. This impact varies geographically due to consumer spending patterns and has the greatest impact on monthly comparable sales. Typically, the annual impact is minimal, with the exception of leap years.

 

   

Systemwide sales include sales at all McDonald’s and Boston Market restaurants, whether operated by the Company, by franchisees or by affiliates. While sales by franchisees and affiliates are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes the information is important in understanding the Company’s financial performance because it is the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised and affiliated revenues and is indicative of the financial health of our franchisee base.

 

   

Return on incremental invested capital (ROIIC) is a measure reviewed by management over one-year and three-year time periods to evaluate the overall profitability of the business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. The return is calculated by dividing the change in operating income plus depreciation and amortization (numerator) by the adjusted cash used for investing activities (denominator), primarily capital expenditures. The calculation assumes a constant average foreign exchange rate over the periods included in the calculation.

 

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Strategic direction and financial performance

The unique business relationship among the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System) has been key to McDonald’s success over the years. This business model enables McDonald’s to play an integral role in the communities we serve and consistently deliver relevant restaurant experiences to customers. In addition, our strategic alignment facilitates our ability to implement innovative ideas and profitably grow our business.

The Company is focused on increasing McDonald’s relevance to consumers through the execution of multiple initiatives under our Plan to Win in order to be better, not just bigger. This plan is designed to deliver operational excellence and leadership marketing leveraged around five key drivers of exceptional customer experiences - people, products, place, price and promotion. Our long-term financial targets include average annual Systemwide sales and revenue growth of 3% to 5%; average annual operating income growth of 6% to 7%; and annual returns on incremental invested capital in the high teens. These targets exclude the impact of foreign currency translation.

Since implementing our Plan to Win, we improved the taste of many of our menu items and have introduced a variety of new menu choices such as premium salads, premium burgers and additional chicken offerings in many markets worldwide. We appeal to a broad range of customer preferences using a locally relevant three-tier menu strategy featuring premium salad and sandwich selections, classic menu favorites and everyday affordable offerings. We strive for continuous improvement in our training programs and restaurant execution through a comprehensive restaurant operations improvement process to enable and motivate franchisees and restaurant employees to improve the customer experience. In addition, our “i’m lovin’ it” global marketing theme continues to evolve to extend our marketing reach to consumers via print, billboards and digital communications in addition to television advertising.

These efforts have increased our consumer relevance and delivered strong results in each of the last three years with revenue growth, operating income growth and returns on incremental invested capital meeting or exceeding our long-term financial targets. In addition, we demonstrated our commitment to shareholders by returning $8.3 billion to shareholders through dividends paid and shares acquired from 2004 through 2006.

In 2006, the Company’s increased relevance contributed to more customers visiting our restaurants, helping drive global comparable sales up 5.7% and extending our consecutive monthly increases to 44 months through December 2006.

The momentum of our U.S. business continued as a result of further strengthening our robust breakfast business and expanding our beverage, salad and chicken offerings, including the successful introductions of Premium Roast Coffee, the Asian Salad and the Snack Wrap. Initiatives such as reimaging restaurants, extending operating hours and providing cashless payment options helped make McDonald’s more inviting and convenient for customers.

In Europe, we built momentum using locally relevant menu offerings such as premium burgers and classic menu favorites, as well as value platforms such as Ein Mal Eins in Germany and Pound Saver in the U.K. The markets provided predictable menu choice and variety through popular food promotions, and engaged consumers with innovative marketing. Europe’s results were driven by strong performance in France, Germany and most other markets as well as significantly improved performance in the U.K. We also made progress improving consumer perceptions in Europe, including the U.K., by aggressively communicating McDonald’s food quality, nutrition and employment facts. In addition, to enhance local relevance by having local franchisees operate more restaurants and to improve returns, we reduced our percentage of Company-operated restaurants in the U.K. from 63% at the end of 2005 to 54% at the end of 2006. We are encouraged by our momentum in Europe and confident that our combined initiatives designed to enhance the customers’ experience will continue to drive growth over the long term.

In APMEA, Systemwide sales and revenue growth were primarily driven by strong comparable sales in Japan and Australia and new restaurant expansion and positive comparable sales in China. Strategic menu pricing in Japan and China contributed to this segment’s performance. In 2006, we also entered into a strategic alliance with Sinopec, China’s largest petroleum retailer. This agreement provides us the opportunity to co-develop drive-thru restaurants at existing and new Sinopec locations, positioning us to capitalize on changing consumer lifestyles in China. We believe that the long-term growth potential for our business in China is substantial and we are well-positioned to capture the opportunity.

We continue to focus our management and financial resources on the core McDonald’s business as the opportunities for growth remain significant. Accordingly, during 2006, we disposed of our entire investment in Chipotle via public stock offerings and an October tax-free exchange for McDonald’s common stock. These transactions provided the Company with $329 million in cash proceeds and facilitated the acquisition of 18.6 million shares of McDonald’s stock via the exchange.

In 2006, our strong global performance generated $4.3 billion of cash provided by operations. About $1.7 billion of this cash was reinvested in our business primarily to remodel existing restaurants and build new ones. We increased our annual dividend nearly 50% to $1 per share. We also acquired 98.4 million shares through both shares repurchased and shares accepted in connection with the Chipotle exchange. In addition, we paid down $2.3 billion of debt in 2006 reducing the 2005 increase related to the Homeland Investment Act.

To improve local relevance, profitability and returns, we continually evaluate ownership structures in our markets. The ownership mix in a given market depends on current and potential results, the risks associated with operating in certain countries, and legal and regulatory constraints.

As part of this evaluation, in 2006, we established a target of having less than 30% Company-operated restaurants in each of our major consolidated markets and began working toward this goal, specifically in the U.K. and Canada. For certain markets like China, we believe owning and operating the restaurants is prudent until the legal environment in these countries becomes more conducive to franchising.

In addition to our franchising efforts discussed above, we have identified markets with about 2,300 restaurants collectively, primarily Company-operated restaurants in Latin America and APMEA, that we intend to transition to a developmental license structure. Under a developmental license, a local entrepreneur owns the business, including controlling the real estate, and uses his/her capital and local knowledge to build the Brand and optimize sales and profitability over the long term. Under this arrangement, the Company collects a royalty, which varies by market, based on a percent of sales, but does not invest any capital. During 2006, this royalty averaged about five percent of sales. We have successfully used this structure for more than 15 years, and currently have 36 countries that are solely operated by developmental licensees. In addition to the financial benefits the Company achieves when markets are developmentally licensed

 

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such as reduced capital spending, improved returns and a stable stream of royalties, this strategy allows the local owner to improve relevance and accelerate growth in the market, and allows management to focus most of their time and energy on the markets that have the largest impact on results.

Highlights from the year included:

 

   

Comparable sales increased 5.7% building on a 3.9% increase in 2005.

 

   

Systemwide sales increased 7% both as reported and in constant currencies.

 

   

Consolidated revenues increased 9% (7% in constant currencies).

 

   

Income from continuing operations per common share was $2.30 compared with $2.03 in 2005, an increase of 13%.

 

   

Cash provided by operations totaled $4.3 billion and capital expenditures totaled $1.7 billion.

 

   

The Company increased the annual dividend nearly 50% to $1.00 per share, or $1.2 billion in total. The Company also acquired 98.4 million shares for $3.7 billion, driving a reduction of about 5% of total shares outstanding at year end compared with 2005.

 

   

One-year ROIIC was 24.9% and three-year ROIIC was 41.3% for 2006.

Outlook for 2007

The McDonald’s System is energized by our current momentum. We intend to build on this momentum by further enhancing every element of the Brand experience and strengthening our connection with customers to capture the tremendous opportunities that lie ahead. We will do this by continuing to execute our Plan to Win with a strategic focus on our customers and restaurants, while continuing to exercise disciplined financial management.

We are confident that our Plan to be better, not just bigger, supported by the alignment of our unique system of franchisees and suppliers, will continue to drive enduring profitable growth. Our financial targets, previously discussed, focus management on those opportunities that best optimize shareholder value over the long term.

In 2007, we will continue to leverage our three-tier menu approach featuring premium selections, core menu favorites and everyday affordable offerings to appeal to a broad range of consumers. We will complement this three-tier strategy with permanent and limited time offerings of new products that enhance menu choice, variety and value.

In the U.S., our strategies focus on chicken, breakfast, beverages and convenience. We are introducing Snack Wrap variations and the new Southwest Salad as well as additional breakfast offerings. We will also enhance the drive-thru experience by continuing to optimize the layout of restaurant interiors and exteriors.

In Europe, we will continue to attract customers with a variety of new food offerings, such as Premium Chicken Sandwiches and Snack Wraps, while leveraging the strength of our everyday affordability platforms. Building greater brand trust will remain a priority in Europe with ongoing aggressive communication efforts surrounding our food quality, nutrition and employment image. In addition, we will focus on remodeling restaurants and improving operations to enhance local relevance and upgrade the customer experience.

In APMEA, where a large percentage of the population already eats breakfast away from home, we are introducing or expanding breakfast as well as extending restaurant operating hours. We will also continue to reinforce everyday value offerings and work on optimizing our menu pricing structure to enhance profitability.

We will continue to support consumers’ desire to make balanced lifestyle choices by educating them about our food’s nutritional value and encouraging greater physical activity. We added nutrition labeling to the packaging of many of our branded core menu items in more than 25,000 restaurants worldwide by the end of 2006. We will extend this effort to cover even more restaurants and products in 2007. We will also continue to play a leadership role in addressing children’s well-being as we pursue initiatives designed to positively affect children’s choice and activity. This includes committing a large portion of our children’s marketing budget toward communications that encourage kids to be more active – physically and mentally.

We will also work to further enhance the customer experience by refining and executing our restaurant operations improvement process and expanding the use of our new point of sale software (POS), which was in approximately 8,400 restaurants as of year-end 2006. Tests indicate this new POS helps improve order accuracy and drive-thru service speed. In addition, we will continue developing a new flexible operating system that takes a modular “plug and play” approach to kitchen configuration and restaurant operations. In the future, this system will enable greater menu flexibility based on local market needs while making it easier for crew to satisfy customers.

Due to our expectations for continued strong results, relatively stable capital expenditures over the next few years, and the Company’s intent on maintaining current debt-to-capital levels of 35% to 40%, we believe that cash available for dividends and share repurchases will continue to grow. We expect our share repurchase activity will continue to yield reductions in share count in the years ahead given our reduction in equity compensation and fewer stock options outstanding, compared to prior years.

In 2007, we will continue to reduce the percentage of Company-operated restaurants in the U.K. and Canada, and we will continue to pursue the developmental license strategy described earlier.

The previously mentioned 2,300 restaurants identified for potential conversion to developmental licensees represented nearly $3 billion in sales in 2006, but only generated $30 million in operating income after impairment and other charges. To achieve these results, we spent about $180 million in selling, general & administrative expenses and invested more than $100 million in capital expenditures. As appropriate, we may license some of these markets as a group to a single developmental licensee. These 2,300 restaurants are about 75% Company-operated and represent about $3 billion in combined net investment, which includes approximately $800 million in accumulated currency translation losses reflected in shareholders’ equity on our balance sheet.

Our intent is to complete these transactions by the end of 2008. If we are able to complete these transactions, we do not anticipate recovering either the $800 million in historical currency translation losses or most of the remaining $2.2 billion in net book value in the form of sales proceeds, and therefore, we expect that the loss, in the aggregate, would be significant. We will continue impairment testing for these assets annually and as otherwise required by applicable accounting standards. In particular, our annual impairment testing for these assets is based on the assumption that these markets will continue to be operated under the existing ownership structure until it becomes probable that a transaction will occur within 12 months, and we can reasonably estimate our sales proceeds. The timing and amount of any loss for a particular transaction will depend on individual circumstances. In 2006, we completed the transfer of 121 restaurants in four markets to developmental licensees and recorded pretax losses totaling $36 million related to this strategy.

 

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While the Company does not provide specific guidance on net income per share, the following information is provided to assist in analyzing the Company’s results:

 

   

Changes in Systemwide sales are driven by comparable sales and net restaurant unit expansion. The Company expects net restaurant additions to add slightly more than 1 percentage point to 2007 Systemwide sales growth (in constant currencies), most of which will be due to the 359 net traditional McDonald’s restaurants added during 2006. In 2007, the Company expects to open about 800 McDonald’s restaurants (700 traditional and 100 satellites). We expect net additions of about 400 (450 net traditional additions and 50 net satellite closings).

 

   

The Company does not provide specific guidance on changes in comparable sales. However, as a perspective, assuming no change in cost structure, a 1 percentage point increase in U.S. comparable sales would increase annual net income per share by about 2.5 cents. Similarly, an increase of 1 percentage point in Europe’s comparable sales would increase annual net income per share by about 2 cents.

 

   

The primary food commodities impacting McDonald’s business are beef and chicken. In 2007, U.S. beef costs are expected to be down slightly, while we expect U.S. chicken costs to rise. In Europe, both beef and chicken costs are expected to increase slightly in 2007.

 

   

The Company expects full-year 2007 selling, general & administrative expenses to decline modestly as a percent of revenues and Systemwide sales compared with 2006.

 

   

A significant part of the Company’s operating income is generated outside the U.S., and about 80% of its total debt is denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, earnings are affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the Euro and the British Pound. If the Euro and the British Pound both move 10% in the same direction compared with 2006, the Company’s annual net income per share would change by about 7 cents to 8 cents.

 

   

In 2007, based on current business performance and plans, the Company expects to maintain a debt-to-capital ratio of 35% to 40%. Based on current interest and foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects interest expense in 2007 to remain relatively flat compared with 2006, while it expects interest income to decrease about 40% to 50% due to lower cash balances.

 

   

The Company expects the effective income tax rate for the full-year 2007 to be approximately 31% to 33%, although some volatility may be experienced between the quarters in the normal course of business.

 

   

The Company expects capital expenditures for 2007 to be approximately $1.9 billion. About half of this amount will be reinvested in existing restaurants while the rest will primarily be used to build new restaurants.

 

   

In 2006, the Company returned nearly $5 billion to shareholders. In 2007 and 2008 combined, the Company expects to return at least an additional $5 billion through a combination of share repurchases and dividends.

 

 

CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS

 

 

Operating results  
DOLLARS IN MILLIONS,
EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA
     2006       2005       2004  
      Amount     Increase/
(decrease)
    Amount     Increase/
(decrease)
    Amount  

Revenues

          

Sales by Company-operated restaurants

   $ 16,083     9 %   $ 14,726     7 %   $ 13,755  

Revenues from franchised and affiliated restaurants

     5,503     8       5,106     6       4,839  

Total revenues

     21,586     9       19,832     7       18,594  

Operating costs and expenses

          

Company-operated restaurant expenses

     13,542     8       12,575     8       11,688  

Franchised restaurants–occupancy expenses

     1,060     4       1,021     2       1,003  

Selling, general & administrative expenses

     2,338     8       2,167     12       1,939  

Impairment and other charges (credits), net

     134     nm       (28 )   nm       281  

Other operating expense, net

     67     (36 )     105     (28 )     145  

Total operating costs and expenses

     17,141     8       15,840     5       15,056  

Operating income

     4,445     11       3,992     13       3,538  

Interest expense

     402     13       356     (1 )     358  

Nonoperating income, net

     (123 )   nm       (38 )   81       (21 )

Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

     4,166     13       3,674     15       3,201  

Provision for income taxes

     1,293     19       1,088     18       923  

Income from continuing operations

     2,873     11       2,586     14       2,278  

Income from discontinued operations (net of taxes of $97, $11 and $1), including gain on Chipotle disposition of $653

     671     nm       16     nm       1  

Net income

   $ 3,544     36 %   $ 2,602     14 %   $ 2,279  

Income per common share–diluted

          

Continuing operations

   $ 2.30     13 %   $ 2.03     13 %   $ 1.79  

Discontinued operations, including gain on Chipotle disposition of $0.52

     0.53     nm       0.01     nm       —    

Net income per common share - diluted

   $ 2.83     39 %   $ 2.04     14 %   $ 1.79  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding–diluted

     1,251.7               1,274.2               1,273.7  

nm Not meaningful.

 

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Net income and diluted net income per common share

In 2006, net income and diluted net income per common share were $3.5 billion and $2.83. During 2006, the Company disposed of its entire investment in Chipotle via public stock offerings and a tax-free exchange for McDonald’s common stock and as a result, has reflected Chipotle’s results of operations and transaction gains as discontinued operations. The 2006 results included $671 million of income, or $0.53 per share, related to discontinued operations. Income from continuing operations was $2.9 billion or $2.30 per share, which included impairment and other charges of $134 million ($98 million after tax or $0.07 per share), as well as net incremental tax expense of $0.01 per share primarily related to a one-time impact from a tax law change in Canada.

In 2005, net income and diluted net income per common share were $2.6 billion and $2.04. Income from discontinued operations was $16 million or $0.01 per share, while income from continuing operations was $2.6 billion or $2.03 per share. The 2005 results from continuing operations included a net tax benefit of $73 million or $0.05 per share comprised of $179 million or $0.14 per share tax benefit due to a favorable audit settlement of the Company’s 2000-2002 U.S. tax returns and $106 million or $0.09 per share of incremental tax expense resulting from the decision to repatriate certain foreign earnings under the Homeland Investment Act (HIA). In addition, 2005 included impairment and other charges (credits), net of $28 million pretax income ($12 million after tax or $0.01 per share).

In 2004, net income and diluted net income per common share were $2.3 billion and $1.79 and income from continuing operations was also $2.3 billion or $1.79 per share. The 2004 income from continuing operations included pretax operating charges of $151 million ($99 million after tax or $0.08 per share) related to a lease accounting correction and $130 million ($116 million after tax or $0.09 per share) related to impairment charges. Results also included pretax nonoperating income of $49 million ($49 million after tax or $0.04 per share) relating to the sale of the Company’s interest in a U.S. real estate partnership that resulted in the utilization of certain previously unrealized capital loss carryforwards.

Refer to the Impairment and other charges (credits), net and Discontinued operations sections for further discussion.

In 2006, diluted weighted-average shares outstanding decreased primarily due to treasury stock acquisitions exceeding stock option exercises in 2005 and 2006. The Company acquired 98.4 million shares, or $3.7 billion through both shares repurchased and shares accepted in connection with the Chipotle exchange, driving a reduction of about 5% of total shares outstanding compared with year–end 2005.

For 2005, diluted weighted-average shares outstanding were relatively flat compared to 2004. Shares outstanding at the beginning of 2005 were higher than the prior year due to stock options exercised exceeding treasury stock purchased during 2004. Treasury stock purchased in 2005 offset this higher balance and the impact of options exercised during the year.

Impact of foreign currency translation on reported results

While changing foreign currencies affect reported results, McDonald’s mitigates exposures, where practical, by financing in local currencies, hedging certain foreign-denominated cash flows, and purchasing goods and services in local currencies.

In 2006, foreign currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated revenues, operating income and net income primarily due to the stronger Euro, Canadian Dollar and British Pound. Consolidated revenues were positively impacted by the stronger Brazilian Real. In 2005, revenues were positively impacted by the Brazilian Real and the Canadian Dollar, but operating income and net income were minimally impacted by foreign currency translation. In 2004, foreign currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated revenues, operating income and net income due to the strengthening of several major currencies, primarily the Euro.

 

Impact of foreign currency translation on reported results

IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA

 

 

        Reported amount     
 
Currency translation
benefit/(cost)
 
 
        2006      2005      2004      2006       2005       2004  

Revenues

   $ 21,586      $ 19,832      $ 18,594      $ 271     $ 238     $ 779  

Company-operated margins(1)

     2,497        2,099        2,003        35       19       91  

Franchised margins(1)

     4,435        4,078        3,832        23       15       139  

Selling, general & administrative expenses

     2,338        2,167        1,939        (19 )     (17 )     (57 )

Operating income

     4,445        3,992        3,538        29       11       160  

Income from continuing operations

     2,873        2,586        2,278        18       1       80  

Net income

     3,544        2,602        2,279        18       1       80  

Income from continuing operations per common share - diluted

     2.30        2.03        1.79        .02       —         .06  

Net income per common share - diluted

     2.83        2.04        1.79        .01       —         .06  

 

(1) Includes McDonald’s restaurants only.

 

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Revenues

In both 2006 and 2005, consolidated revenue growth was driven by positive comparable sales as well as stronger foreign currencies.

 

Revenues

DOLLARS IN MILLIONS

 

 

        Amount    Increase/
(decrease)
 
 
  Increase/
(decrease)
excluding
currency
translation
 
 
 
 
 
        2006      2005      2004    2006     2005     2006     2005  

Company-operated sales:

                                                    

U.S.

   $ 4,410      $ 4,098      $ 3,828      8 %   7 %   8 %   7 %

Europe

     5,885        5,465        5,174      8     6     6     5  

APMEA

     2,674        2,453        2,390      9     3     8     —    

Latin America

     1,552        1,237        933      26     33     21     23  

Canada

     882        765        730      15     5     8     (2 )

Corporate & Other

     680        708        700      (4 )   1     (4 )   1  

Total

   $ 16,083      $ 14,726      $ 13,755      9 %   7 %   8 %   5 %

Franchised and affiliated revenues:(1)

                                                           

U.S.

   $ 3,054      $ 2,857      $ 2,697      7 %   6 %   7 %   6 %

Europe

     1,753        1,607        1,563      9     3     8     3  

APMEA

     379        362        331      5     10     7     7  

Latin America

     107        90        75      18     20     16     15  

Canada

     199        183        168      9     9     2     1  

Corporate & Other

     11        7        5      68     40     68     40  

Total

   $ 5,503      $ 5,106      $ 4,839      8 %   6 %   7 %   5 %

Total revenues:

                                                           

U.S.

   $ 7,464      $ 6,955      $ 6,525      7 %   7 %   7 %   7 %

Europe

     7,638        7,072        6,737      8     5     6     5  

APMEA

     3,053        2,815        2,721      8     3     8     1  

Latin America

     1,659        1,327        1,008      25     32     20     22  

Canada

     1,081        948        898      14     6     7     (2 )

Corporate & Other

     691        715        705      (3 )   1     (3 )   1  

Total

   $ 21,586      $ 19,832      $ 18,594      9 %   7 %   7 %   5 %

 

(1) Includes the Company’s revenues from conventional franchisees, developmental licensees and affiliates.

In the U.S., the increase in revenues in 2006 was primarily driven by our popular breakfast menu featuring Premium Roast Coffee, new products like our Asian Salad and Snack Wrap, and a wide variety of premium chicken options, as well as continued focus on everyday value and convenience. In 2005, the increase in revenues was driven by multiple initiatives that delivered variety like the introduction of Premium Chicken Sandwiches, convenience such as cashless payment options and extended hours as well as our focus on value.

Europe’s constant currency increase in revenues in 2006 was primarily due to strong comparable sales in France, Germany and Russia (which is entirely Company-operated). In addition, revenues in 2006 benefited from positive comparable sales in the U.K., which were offset by the impact of the market’s Company-operated restaurant closings and sales to franchisees and affiliates throughout the year. In 2005, the increase in revenues was due to strong comparable sales in Russia and positive comparable sales in France and Germany, partly offset by negative comparable sales in the U.K.

In APMEA, the constant currency increase in revenues in 2006 was primarily driven by the consolidation of Malaysia for financial reporting purposes due to an increase in the Company’s ownership during the first quarter 2006, expansion and positive comparable sales in China, as well as positive comparable sales in most markets. The increase was partly offset by the 2005 conversion of the Philippines and Turkey (about 325 restaurants) to developmental licensee structures. In 2005, revenues benefited from strong comparable sales in Australia and Taiwan, and were negatively impacted by the Philippines and Turkey as mentioned above. In addition, revenues in 2005 benefited from expansion in China, partly offset by that market’s negative comparable sales.

 

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The following tables present Systemwide sales growth rates and the increase in comparable sales for McDonald’s restaurants:

 

Systemwide sales–McDonald’s restaurants  
      Increase     Increase
excluding currency
translation
 
 
 
      2006     2005     2006     2005  

U.S.

   6 %   5 %   6 %   5 %

Europe

   8     4     7     4  

APMEA

   5     6     8     6  

Latin America

   21     21     16     13  

Canada

   12     8     5     1  

Total

   7 %   6 %   7 %   5 %

 

Comparable sales–McDonald’s restaurants  
      Increase  
      2006     2005     2004  

U.S.

   5.2 %   4.4 %   9.6 %

Europe

   5.8     2.6     2.4  

APMEA

   5.5     4.0     5.6  

Latin America

   14.6     11.6     13.0  

Canada

   4.7     0.3     5.4  

Total

   5.7 %   3.9 %   6.9 %

Operating margins

Operating margin information and discussions relate to McDonald’s restaurants only and exclude non-McDonald’s brands.

 

 

Franchised margins

Franchised margin dollars represent revenues from franchised and affiliated restaurants less the Company’s occupancy costs (rent and depreciation) associated with those sites. Franchised margin dollars represented about 65% of the combined operating margins in 2006, 2005 and 2004. Franchised margin dollars increased $357 million or 9% (8% in constant currencies) in 2006 and $246 million or 6% as reported and in constant currencies in 2005. The U.S. and Europe segments accounted for more than 85% of the franchised margin dollars in all three years.

 

Franchised margins–McDonald’s restaurants

IN MILLIONS

 

 

        2006       2005       2004  

U.S.

   $ 2,513     $ 2,326     $ 2,177  

Europe

     1,357       1,235       1,195  

APMEA

     333       314       284  

Latin America

     77       62       45  

Canada

     155       141       131  

Total

   $ 4,435     $ 4,078     $ 3,832  

PERCENT OF REVENUES

 

U.S.

     82.3 %     81.4 %     80.7 %

Europe

     77.4       76.9       76.5  

APMEA

     87.8       86.7       85.7  

Latin America

     72.0       68.5       60.1  

Canada

     77.6       76.8       78.0  

Total

     80.7 %     80.0 %     79.3 %

The consolidated franchised margin percent increased in 2006 and 2005 due to strong comparable sales, partly offset by higher rent expense in several markets.

 

 

Company-operated margins

Company-operated margin dollars represent sales by Company-operated restaurants less the operating costs of these restaurants. Company-operated margin dollars increased $398 million or 19% (17% in constant currencies) in 2006 and increased $96 million or 5% (4% in constant currencies) in 2005. The U.S. and Europe segments accounted for more than 70% of the Company-operated margin dollars in all three years.

 

Company-operated margins–McDonald’s restaurants

IN MILLIONS

 
        2006       2005       2004  

U.S.

   $ 843     $ 768     $ 731  

Europe

     960       817       807  

APMEA

     341<