10-K 1 d10k.htm FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2005 For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

For Annual and Transition Reports Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

(Mark One)

  x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2005*

 

Or

 

  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM              TO             .

 

Commission File Number: 0-22874

 

JDS UNIPHASE CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-2579683

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1768 Automation Parkway, San Jose, California   95131
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(408) 546-5000

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common stock, par value of $.001 per share

(Title of class)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained to the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes  ¨    No  ¨

 

As of December 31, 2004 the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $4.6 billion, based upon the closing sale prices of the common stock and exchangeable shares as reported on the NASDAQ National Market and the Toronto Stock Exchange, respectively. Shares of common stock and exchangeable shares held by executive officers and directors have been excluded from this calculation because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

 

As of August 31, 2005, the Registrant had 1,652,154,979 shares of common stock outstanding, including 58,184,798 exchangeable shares.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Certain information required in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.

 

* Our fiscal year ended formally on July 2, 2005. For more information see Note 1 to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding Registrant’s fiscal year.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

              PAGE

PART I

             
     ITEM 1.   BUSINESS    4
     ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES    31
     ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS    32
     ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS    34

PART II

             
     ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES    35
     ITEM 6.   SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA    35
     ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS    37
     ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK    58
     ITEM 8.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA    60
     ITEM 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE    122
     ITEM 9A.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES    122
     ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION    125

PART III

             
     ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT    125
     ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION    125
     ITEM 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS    126
     ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS    126
     ITEM 14.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES    126

PART IV

             
     ITEM 15.   EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES    127

Exhibit Index

   128

SIGNATURES

   131

EXHIBIT 10.6

    

EXHIBIT 10.7

    

EXHIBIT 10.11

    

EXHIBIT 14.1

    

EXHIBIT 21.1

    

EXHIBIT 23.1

    

EXHIBIT 31.1

    

EXHIBIT 31.2

    

EXHIBIT 32.1

    

EXHIBIT 32.2

    

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K which are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. A forward-looking statement may contain words such as “anticipate that,” “believes,” “can impact,” “continue to,” “estimates,” “expects to,” “hopes,” “intends,” “plans,” “to be,” “will be,” “will continue to be,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” or similar words.

 

Management cautions that forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected, including, without limitation, the following: (i) due to, among other things, the Company’s limited visibility, our ability to perceive or predict market trends (including, among other things, any stabilization recovery or growth thereof) is limited and uncertain; (ii) our ongoing integration, cost reduction, reorganization and restructuring efforts may not be successful in achieving their expected cost reductions and other benefits, may be insufficient to align the our operations with customer demand and the changes affecting its industry, or may be more costly, or may be more extensive than currently anticipated; (iii) our ability to predict financial performance for future periods continues to be difficult; (iv) ongoing efforts to improve our execution and design and introduce products that meet customers’ future need and to manufacture such products at competitive costs may not be successful, and (v) the expected increases in revenues and customer and market penetration resulting from our recent acquisitions may not materialize to the extent anticipated and these expected benefits maybe further offset by costs and diversion of our management’s time with respect to the integration of these acquisitions with us. Further, our future business, financial condition and results of operations could differ materially from those anticipated by such forward-looking statements and are subject to risks and uncertainties including the risks set forth above and the “Risk Factors” set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Moreover, neither we assume nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this Report and subsequent facts or circumstances may contradict, obviate, undermine or otherwise fail to support or substantiate such statements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.

 

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PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

General

 

JDS Uniphase (“JDSU”) is a worldwide leader and innovator of optical technologies that enable dramatic improvements in the way we communicate, detect, present and experience information. Our products are used in communications, commercial and consumer applications including optical networks, brand protection, lasers, aerospace and defense.

 

The storage and distribution of content (in the form of high-data audio and video, including emerging HDTV, and multi-player games) are similarly transitioning away from physical storage (such as CDs and DVDs) and related distribution methods, to digital files transmitted over communications networks and stored on large-capacity servers and hard drives. These transformations require the support of higher capacity networks. Traffic generated over broadband access networks already accounts for the majority of data traffic, and continues to grow at a very high rate. As greater bandwidth capability is delivered closer to the end user, we expect consumers to increasingly demand and obtain higher content, real-time, interactive visual and audio experiences. Many of the forces driving demand for high-bandwidth communications networks (such as the emergence of high-data digital audio, video and gaming) are similarly transforming the consumer and commercial electronics industries from traditional analog cathode ray tube (“CRT”), smaller screen displays, to large, flat panel and projection digital microdisplays, as consumers and businesses are increasingly demanding the improved visual experiences offered by the new high-data content. We believe that we are well positioned to continue to lead in these industries due to our unique expertise in the application of light to innovative optical solutions, enabling new business opportunities for our original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) customers worldwide.

 

Our Communications segment provides components, modules and subsystems used by communications equipment providers for telecommunications, and data communications. These products enable the transmission of video, audio and text data over high-capacity fiber optic cables. Although ultimately highly complex, these systems perform three basic functions: transmitting, routing (switching) and receiving information, in this case, information encoded on light signals. These products include transmitters, receivers, amplifiers, multiplexers and demultiplexers, add/drop modules, switches, optical performance monitors and couplers, splitters and circulators. We also provide test and measurement equipment used to assess performance of optical components in manufacturing, research and development, system development and network maintenance.

 

Our Commercial and Consumer segment provides lasers, coated optics and assemblies for defense, aerospace, instrumentation, biomedical and other applications. For example, we provide lasers for biotechnology, remote sensing, semiconductor, material processing, graphics and imaging and other applications. We also provide document authentication, brand protection and product differentiation solutions for a range of public and private sector markets. The products we provide for these applications control, enhance and modify the behavior of light, utilizing its reflection, absorption and transmission properties to achieve specific effects such as high reflectivity, anti-glare and spectral filtering. Specific product applications include computer monitors and flat panel displays, projection systems, photocopiers, facsimile machines, scanners, security products and decorative surface treatments.

 

The Company was incorporated in California in May 1979 and reincorporated in Delaware in October 1993. JDSU is the product of several significant mergers and acquisitions, including, among others, the combination of Uniphase Corporation and JDS FITEL Inc. to form JDSU Corporation on June 30, 1999, and major subsequent acquisitions, including Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. (“OCLI”) on February 4, 2000, E-TEK Dynamics, Inc. (“E-TEK”) on June 30, 2000 and SDL, Inc. (“SDL”) on February 13, 2001.

 

Our Internet address is www.jdsu.com. We post all Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings on our website at www.jdsu.com/investors as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or

 

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furnished to the SEC. All such filings on our Investor Relations web site are available free of charge. The SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

 

Industry Environment

 

In fiscal 2005, the we offered innovative products, categorized into two segments, “Communications Products Group” and “Commercial and Consumer Products Group.” Collectively, these products serve the communications, display, commercial lasers, product and document security and brand differentiation markets.

 

Communications Products Group

 

Among the driving factors in the communications industry is the strong competitive dynamic between telecommunications, cable television, satellite and wireless service providers. Each of these provider types is vying for share of the market for the expected convergence of voice, text and video content. That is, while text, voice and video content are each currently generally delivered over disparate networks, expectations are that all digitized information (text, voice and video) will be delivered from single sources over a consolidated network architecture. Consequently, while service providers typically offer diversified services to both consumers and business markets, many are rapidly investing to deploy converged multi-service networks capable of delivering “triple-play services,” i.e. integrated voice, video and entertainment services. Potential benefits for service providers include increased Average Revenue per User (“ARPU”) and reduced customer turnover rates, thus increasing both profitability and long-term competitive advantage. This competitive trend is predominantly relevant in markets where government action has led to deregulation of the communications industry, in particular in North America, the European Union, and several countries in both Asia and South America.

 

Competition between service providers and the need to provide increasing types of services, including a larger percentage of video-based content such as news, movies, and gaming is generating strong growth in demand for network capacity and bandwidth rates which in turn drives demand for many types of networking, access and transport systems.

 

Within the Enterprise market, growing demand for broadband is driven by demand for intra-company (LAN or local area network) and inter-company (WAN or wide area network) information. In addition, many companies are embracing new productivity-enhancing applications, such as Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”), which replaces traditional fixed circuit, point-to-point voice communications with packet-based network routed calls, and universal messaging systems that require greater bandwidth capability and data storage requirements.

 

Growing demand for network capacity and bandwidth is expected to result in greater adoption of optical communications products across all segments including: Long Haul, Metro (core and access), Cable TV (“CATV”), Submarine, and Fiber to the Premises (“FTTP”) in the Telecom sector and LAN, SAN or storage area networks and WAN for the Storage or Enterprise market. We believe that any deployment of fiber closer to the end user will result in increased demand on the metro and long-haul infrastructures into which these new deployments would feed. In general, all implementations move fiber closer to the consumer, displacing copper infrastructure and increasing the availability of wider bandwidth services. We believe that JDSU, with one of the broadest optical communications product portfolios in the industry, is poised to capitalize on these developments.

 

We do remain cautious, however, in attempting to forecast the future. Visibility remains limited, and we cannot provide any assurance as to the timing or scale of any new optical network deployments or sustained industry recovery, in general.

 

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Commercial and Consumer Products Group

 

Our Commercial and Consumer segment offers innovative products for application in the following industries:

 

Commercial

 

We provide high performance optics for application in commercial markets including semiconductors, materials processing and biotechnology. We also provide lasers for use in imaging, aerospace and defense applications.

 

Technology demands and trends shaping the adoption of high-performance optical solutions include:

 

    growth in the semiconductor market, including wafer inspection and materials processing;

 

    growing demand for smaller size and increased functionality, especially for electronic products, requiring high speed, precise micro machining and materials processing;

 

    growth in biotechnology, including advances in cytology, hematology and genome sequencing;

 

    the need for lasers and instrumentation that offer innovative, non-invasive, effective measurement and analysis for biomedical and healthcare; and

 

    remote sensing in environmental applications, including bio hazard detection.

 

These trends are generating growing demand for commercial laser products. Market growth is further stimulated by the continuous reductions in sizes and power driven by adoption of solid state laser technology. We believe that, as a leading provider of commercial laser and other supporting technologies, we are poised to benefit from the rapid development of these industry trends.

 

Consumer

 

Brand owners in diverse industries worldwide are increasingly concerned with the loss of significant revenues to counterfeit products. Additional effects include risk to consumer health and safety, corporate liability issues, devaluation of brand image and weakening of brand loyalty. Products likely to be subject to counterfeit include pharmaceuticals, imaging supplies, apparel, automotive parts, consumer electronic products, and electronic media.

 

Multiple factors are contributing to the rapidly growing counterfeit market including, among others, the broad adoption of the Internet to facilitate distribution, ready availability of low-cost, very high-quality printing equipment to reproduce product packaging, the elimination of international trade barriers and an increasingly mobile global society.

 

Corporate brand owners are accelerating the introduction of protective measures, developing both overt and covert packaging strategies that provide consumers and/or their inspection personnel with the ability to quickly determine product authenticity, for instance, by visually detecting a color-shifting pattern on the package itself.

 

Our optical technology protects approximately 100 currencies worldwide and has been introduced by leading pharmaceutical companies on prescription drug packaging. Companies in other industry sectors are also implementing brand protection solutions using our color-shifting technology in an attempt to prevent counterfeiting of their most important brands. We believe that, as a leader in the design and manufacture of color-shifting technology for decorative, document and brand authentication solutions, we are poised to continue extending our industry impact and to broaden our reach to new areas.

 

We also participate in markets that are undergoing a significant evolution driven by the emergence of high-definition (“HD”) content, rapid adoption of DVDs and on-line gaming, and increased use of digital distribution

 

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of films and video. Content providers and both satellite and cable television service providers are rapidly increasing supply of HD material that can provide up to 5 time higher resolution than traditional formats. Consumers have quickly come to appreciate the impact that higher resolution formats have on the entertainment experience.

 

There is also a migration from scheduled to on-demand content delivery. Television programming is undergoing a transformation from scheduled programming, tightly managed by the content providers, to on-demand consumption, driven by consumer demand for greater flexibility as to when and where content is experienced. This in turn, is expected to drive further growth of consumed content.

 

As a result of advances in microdisplay technology consumers can now enjoy very high image quality in large screen formats at an increasingly affordable cost, and demand for rear projection televisions (“RPTVs”) has fueled a multi-billion dollar market. We provide high-quality and high performance component and assembly level products to OEMs in the RPTV market, and believe we are therefore well positioned to benefit from these trends.

 

Restructuring Programs

 

Since April 2001, we have significantly consolidated the Company and rationalized the manufacturing of our products based on core competencies, cost efficiency and alternative manufacturers, where appropriate. Among other things, we continue to strengthen our partnerships with contract manufacturers primarily for our telecommunications, data communications, lasers and display products. We are also centralizing in-house manufacturing to our lower-cost facility in Shenzhen, China. However, we may not be successful in our manufacturing strategy. There are many risks to be addressed, as more particularly described in the “Risk Factors” section.

 

In April 2005, we announced a restructuring program that would reduce the number of manufacturing facilities, dispose of businesses and product lines that were not strategic and/or were not capable of meeting our desired profitability goals. This restructuring program included the reduction of headcount at the Santa Rosa facility, the sale of our Fuzhou, China and Mountain Lakes, New Jersey businesses, the transfer of our manufacturing operations in Ewing, New Jersey to a contract manufacturer, and the sale of the CATV product line to a third party.

 

We have consolidated manufacturing, research and development, sales and administrative facilities through building and site closures. As of June 30, 2005, 38 sites and buildings in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific have been closed. The process involves consolidating product lines, standardizing on global product designs, and transferring manufacturing to fewer locations. The 38 sites closed were as follows:

 

North America:

   Allentown, Pennsylvania; Asheville, North Carolina; Calabasas, California; Camarillo, California; Columbus, Ohio; Eatontown, New Jersey; Freehold, New Jersey; Gloucester, Massachusetts; Horsham, Pennsylvania; Manteca, California; Mountain Lakes, New Jersey; Ottawa, Canada (two sites); Piscataway, New Jersey; Raleigh, North Carolina; Richardson, Texas; Rochester, New York; San Jose, California (two sites); Santa Barbara, California; Toronto, Canada; Valencia, California; Victoria, Canada; Westlake, California.

Europe:

   Arnhem, Netherlands; Bracknell, United Kingdom; Eindhoven, Netherlands; Hillend, United Kingdom; Oxford, United Kingdom; Plymouth, United Kingdom; Torquay, United Kingdom; Waghaeusel-Kirrlach, Germany; Witham, United Kingdom.

Asia-Pacific:

   Bintan, Indonesia; Fuzhou, China, Shunde, China; Sydney, Australia; Taipei, Taiwan.

 

We have centralized and continue to centralize many administrative functions such as information technology, human resources and finance to take advantage of synergies, economies of scale and common processes and controls.

 

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Our results of operations and financial condition were significantly affected by charges related to our restructuring activities, the write-downs of inventories, and the impairment of our investments and long-lived assets during fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003.

 

Please refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under Item 7 and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion on these charges.

 

Acquisitions

 

As part of our strategy, we are committed to the ongoing evaluation of strategic opportunities and, where appropriate, to the acquisition of additional products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to, or broaden the markets for our products. During fiscal 2005 and into fiscal 2006, we continued execution of our strategy to better address our market needs and improve our business model by reducing cost structure, eliminating non-core products and seeking strategic partnerships.

 

On September 8, 2005, we announced the acquisition of Agility Communications, Inc. (“Agility”), a leading provider of widely tunable laser solutions for optical networks. The acquisition is expected to 1) solidify our leadership position in the rapidly growing market for tunable lasers and transponders; 2) offer an optimal path to high volume, high yield, tunable, pluggable solutions when combined with JDSU’s manufacturing scalability; and 3) establish JDSU as the broadest end-to-end agile optical network portfolio provider in the marketplace today. The acquisition is expected be completed by the second quarter of fiscal 2006.

 

On August 3, 2005, we completed the acquisition of privately held Acterna, Inc. (“Acterna”), a leading worldwide provider of broadband and optical test and measurement (“T&M”) solutions for telecommunications and cable service providers and network equipment manufacturers, for approximately $450.0 million in cash and $310.0 million in JDS Uniphase’s common stock, which equated to approximately 200 million shares. With this acquisition, we become a leading provider of optical communications sub-systems and broadband T&M systems serving an expanded customer base that includes the largest 100 telecommunications and cable services providers, and system manufacturers worldwide. The combined portfolio of products and services are expected to enhance the deployment of Internet Protocol (“IP”)-based data, voice and video services over optical long haul, metro, fiber-to-the-home, DSL and cable networks. Starting the first quarter of fiscal 2006, the addition of Acterna’s T&M business will comprise a new reportable segment of our business.

 

In June 2005, we acquired Photonic Power Systems, Inc. (“PPS”). PPS is a company that has pioneered the delivery of electrical power over fiber. The acquisition of PPS supports our goal of technology innovation. The PPS technology opens up multiple new markets for us, including medical, wireless communications, electrical power, industrial sensors, and aerospace applications.

 

In May 2005, we acquired Lightwave Electronics Corporation (“Lightwave”). Lightwave is a leading provider of solid-state lasers for commercial markets including materials processing, semiconductor fabrication, and biotech. Lightwave enables us to expand our product line of solid-state lasers and broaden our customer base in growing laser market segments. The acquisition reinforces our commitment to the OEM laser business and significantly strengthens our portfolio in the higher-growth solid-state laser markets. Customers use solid-state lasers for applications such as PC board via-hole drilling, wafer singulation for solar cells and Light Emitting Diode (“LEDs”), wafer inspection and alignment, memory repair, and ultraviolet flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.

 

In July 2004, we acquired Advanced Digital Optics, Inc. (“ADO”). By acquiring ADO, we extended its capabilities in the design and manufacture of micro-display light engines that deliver leading performance and image quality for the high definition television market.

 

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Please refer to “Note 17. Mergers and Acquisitions” and “Note 22. Subsequent Events (Unaudited)”of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the acquisitions completed during fiscal 2005 and completed or announced in fiscal 2006.

 

Divestitures

 

In May 2005, we entered into an agreement with EMCORE Corporation (“Emcore”) whereby it acquired the assets of our analog CATV and Radio Frequency (“RF”) business. Our decision to divest from the CATV business was driven by the nature of our CATV portfolio, which did not meet our profitability and strategic objectives.

 

In April 2005, we announced that we were executing against a set of cost reduction initiatives to reduce our investment in North American manufacturing and exit a number of products that did not meet our profitability targets. These products included: CATV, bulk optics, micro display windows, and light engines. As a result, we sold our Fuzhou, China bulk optics business and our Mountain Lakes, New Jersey precision glass business to Fabrinet; sold our CATV business to Emcore; transferred our manufacturing of products in Ewing, New Jersey and Melbourne, Florida to contract manufacturers. These actions along with the discontinuance of a number of other products are targeted to reduce our headcount by approximately 1,350 people. In November 2004, we announced a strategic decision to sell our Singapore and Bintan, Indonesia manufacturing operations to Fabrinet. The agreement provides us with long-term sourcing guarantees for the datacom transceivers currently being manufactured at these facilities. Research and development continues at all sites, except for the Mountain Lakes, New Jersey facility.

 

In August 2004, we sold the assets of our molded-optics business unit to Triformix, Inc. of Santa Rosa, California.

 

Operating Segments and Products

 

We operate in two principal segments through which we develop and manufacture our products: (i) Communication Products Group, which accounted for approximately 59% of our net revenue in fiscal 2005, and (ii) Commercial and Consumer Products Group, which accounted for approximately 41% of our net revenue in fiscal 2005.

 

Please refer to “Note 18. Operating Segments and Geographic Information” of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of our operating segments.

 

Through our two segments, we serve customers in the communications, consumer, commercial and defense industries.

 

In the communications industry, we provide optical products and solutions to the telecommunications market, including submarine, long haul, metro, access and cross connect applications. We also serve the data communications market, including SAN, LAN, and Ethernet WAN applications

 

In the consumer industry, we provide optical solutions using light interference for document and currency authentication as well as for product authentication and brand protection. We also provide decorative coatings using light interference that provide product differentiation. In addition, we also provide coated optics and assemblies for displays for projection televisions.

 

In the commercial and defense industries, we provide laser, coated optics and assemblies that are used in biotechnology, material processing, semiconductor, graphics and imaging, aerospace and defense applications.

 

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Communications Products Group

 

Our communications products include a broad range of components, modules and subsystems that can enable our customers to satisfy all of their requirements through “one-stop” shopping at a single supplier. We leverage our broad-based component portfolio to provide higher levels of integration in modules and subsystems to create value-added solutions for our customers. We also provide a family of instrumentation products used in a variety of applications including manufacturing and research and development (“R&D”). The breadth of our communications product offering is described below.

 

Components:

 

Source Lasers: These products provide the initial signal that is transmitted over an optical network. We provide continuous wave lasers and directly modulated lasers for telecom and cable television systems. In addition to fixed wavelength lasers, we also provide tunable lasers that can be adjusted to any frequency over a range of wavelengths. Our Transmission Optical Sub Assemblies (“TOSAs”) offer greatly reduced size and cost.

 

Photodetectors and Receivers: Photodetectors and receivers detect the optical signals and convert them back into electronic signals. Photodetectors, when co-packaged with an electronic preamplifier, are referred to as receivers. We expanded our broad offering of receivers this year to include Receive Optical Sub Assemblies (“ROSAs”) that offer greatly reduced size and cost compared to previous offerings

 

Modulators: Modulators are used to encode information being sent through the network. We supply a range of modulators including monolithically integrated internal and high performance lithium niobate external modulators.

 

Wavelength Lockers: We supply wavelength lockers that are used to stabilize the wavelength of lasers used in dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (“WDM”) transmission systems.

 

WDM Couplers, Filters, Isolators and Circulators: Wavelength division multiplexer couplers are used to split and combine signals of different wavelengths. We also supply isolators and circulators, including fixed and tunable filters, which are used to control the direction and flow of light in a network.

 

Switches and Attenuators: Optical switches are used to route and switch signals to different destinations within networks. Attenuators are used to adjust the power of the optical signal to be compatible with the optical receivers within a network system.

 

High Power Pump Lasers: We supply 980-nanometer and14xx-nm (wavelength tailored) pump lasers that are utilized in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (“EDFAs”) and Raman modules for amplification of optical signals. We also offer a line of high-power, high brightness products targeted for industrial fiber laser and fiber to the curb, node, or premise (“FTTx”) applications.

 

Submarine Applications: We offer the most comprehensive set of components for submarine applications. These include high power pump lasers and other active and passive components designed and manufactured to meet the stringent requirements of marine applications.

 

Modules and Subsystems:

 

Transmitters: We manufacture transmitter modules that combine source lasers, modulators, wavelength lockers and electronic drivers in one package to create and encode optical signals.

 

Tranceivers and Transponders: For the data communications market we offer one, two and four gigabits per second fiber channel and one and 10 Gb/s Ethernet transceivers. Form factors supported include GBIC SFP, X2 and XFP. In the telecom segment we offer a broad range of solutions for both Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (“SONET/SDH”) and WDM markets. Solutions are offered as pluggable XFP and SFP transceivers and 300 pin transponders.

 

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Amplifiers: Our amplifiers cover a wide range of functionality and are designed to boost optical signals, permitting an optical signal to travel a greater distance between electronic terminals and regenerators. We offer a broad line of standard and custom products for applications throughout the network.

 

Add-Drop Multiplexers: These modules allow systems to add and drop optical wavelengths without reconversion to an electrical signal. The modules include multiple components such as switches, wavelength mutiplexers/demultiplexers, and attenuators.

 

Optical Channel Monitors: These Optical Channel Monitors (“OCM”) allow optical network performance to be checked continuously in real-time. The OCM integrates all the functions needed to cost-effectively monitor wavelength, power and optical signal to noise ratio (“OSNR”) performance.

 

Wavelength Management Modules: These products are used to manipulate and route signals in the optical domain, eliminating the need for expensive Optical-Electrical-Optic (“OEO”) regeneration. JDSU is a leading provider of wavelength management modules, including wavelength blockers, multi-wavelength switches and its reconfigurable optical add/drop modules (“ROADMs”) which include C- and L-band models.

 

WaveReady Products: These low cost and easy to operate bit-rate and protocol independent modules, software, and shelves can be configured to deliver carrier class and enterprise optical transport solutions for LAN and SAN extension, Gigabit Ethernet, SONET, data and video and to help “triple play” deployments. The WaveReady solutions can be used with existing SONET based networks to add new services such as digital subscriber line (“DSL”) expansion, VoIP and provide a cost effective solution to adding new fiber to a network. The unique portfolio of WaveReady Network Ready Subsystems allows providers to enable bandwidth aggregation and design hybrid DWDM/CWDM optical networks. The WaveReady family is easy to manage through simple network management protocol (“SNMP”) and TL1 compatible communication modules as well as JDSU Node Manager software.

 

Optical Layer Subsystems: We provide amplifier, transponder, switching and other circuit pack subsystems which include optics and electronics on a circuit board and or otherwise packaged with an interface for telecommunication systems. These products contain higher levels of hardware and firmware integration, including increasing levels of embedded software intelligence.

 

Instrumentation: Our test instruments are used to measure the performance of optical components, modules and subsystems in R&D, manufacturing and qualification applications. Our product line includes optical switches for test automation, and swept wavelength systems for rapid measurement of DWDM and ROADM components. Our Multiple Application Platform (“MAP”), the next-generation platform for our line signal conditioning instrumentation, includes over 20 cassettes for a wide variety of applications including transponder manufacturing test systems and line card production.

 

Commercial and Consumer Products Group

 

Our commercial and consumer products represent our center of excellence for thin film coating, optical assembly, and laser technologies. Optical thin film coatings are microscopic layers of materials, such as silicon and magnesium fluoride, applied to the surface of a substrate, such as glass, plastic or metal, to alter its optical properties. Thin film coatings work by controlling, enhancing or modifying the behavior of light to produce specific effects such as reflection, refraction, absorption, abrasion resistance, anti-glare and electrical conductivity. This control is achieved as a result of the optical properties, number of layers and thickness of the thin film coatings in relation to wavelengths of light.

 

The Commercial and Consumer Products Group has direct responsibility for leveraging its technologies into the optics and displays markets.

 

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Optics and Display:

 

The aerospace and medical/environmental instrumentation markets require sophisticated, custom, high-precision coated products and optical components that selectively absorb, transmit or reflect light in order to meet the specific performance requirements of advanced systems. Our products include infrared filters, beam splitters and optical sensors for aerospace applications, optical filters for medical instruments and solar cell covers for satellites. Our products in the office automation market include photoreceptors and front surface mirrors for photocopiers, document scanners, overhead projectors, facsimile machines and printers.

 

Display: In the display market, we manufacture and sell products for use in both home and business display systems. These products include front surface mirrors, color wheels, and other coated optics and assemblies.

 

Intelligent Lighting: We provide optical coatings and filters which are used to create dramatic lighting effects and project rich, saturated color in intelligent lighting systems for concerts, discotheques, stages, studios, and architectural lighting.

 

Infrared Products: We provide multi-cavity and linear variable infrared filters on a variety of substrates for a variety of applications including gas monitoring and analysis, thermal imaging, smart munitions, fire detection, spectroscopy, and pollution monitoring.

 

Solar Products: We provide solar cell cover glass and thermal control mirror technology. One or more of our solar products can be found on all U.S. manned spacecraft, on U.S. satellites, and on international satellites.

 

Custom Optics: We provide a wide array of precision optics in the visible or infrared portion of the light spectrum. Most products are custom optical filters that require one or more thin film coatings on either a simple or irregular shape. Uses for these custom optics can be found in normal commercial applications, scientific products and in the aerospace and defense industries.

 

Document Authentication and Brand Protection:

 

Light interference micro flakes create unique color-shifting characteristics that are utilized in security applications. Our security products use light interference technology, which allows inks or plastics to exhibit different colors and visual effects from different viewing angles. This technology is used to inhibit counterfeiting of currencies and other valuable documents. We also supply products incorporating proprietary interference technologies to provide brand authentication and security solutions that protect against product counterfeiting. Applications include pharmaceuticals, as well as premium brand apparel, imaging supplies, electronics, computer and other consumer goods. We offer these products in a wide range of flexible solutions by incorporating them into labels and packaging. In April 2005, we announced general availability of our SecureShift® Phantom labels, which use innovative optical brand protection technology to provide a significant advantage over alternative overt features such as holograms.

 

Decorative Products:

 

We have a line of decorative products that utilize similar manufacturing processes as our security products, but are designed to have certain color characteristics that make it attractive for applications in paints, cosmetics and plastics. The products create a durable color shifting finish for automotive, consumer electronics and other applications.

 

Laser Products:

 

Our portfolio of laser products includes components and subsystems used in a wide variety of OEM applications. Our broad range of products, include high-reliability industrial laser diodes, industrial fiber lasers, helium-neon (“HeNe”) gas lasers, air-cooled argon gas lasers, and continuous wave and pulsed diode-pumped

 

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solid-state lasers that allows us to meet the needs of our customers in markets and applications such as: biotechnology, materials processing, semiconductor, graphics and imaging, remote sensing/ranging and laser marking.

 

With the acquisition of Lightwave in May 2005, we have an expanded range of solid state lasers, including low- to high-power output, ultra violet (“UV”), visible and IR wavelength solid state lasers.

 

Diode-Pumped Solid-State Lasers: Our diode-pumped solid-state lasers with high output power, excellent beam quality, low noise, exceptional reliability, and very small packaging are ideal for use in biotechnology instrumentation, material processing, graphics and imaging, semiconductor manufacturing, and laser induced fluorescence applications.

 

Industrial Laser Diodes: We have leveraged our telecom expertise into a family of industrial laser diode products, including components, plug and play modules and fiber-coupled devices. These laser diodes address a wide variety of applications including laser pumping, thermal exposure, illumination, ophthalmology, image recording, printing, material processing, optical storage, and spectral analysis.

 

Argon Ion Lasers: We are a leading manufacturer of air-cooled argon ion lasers. Argon lasers are very stable and reliable over the entire range of operating currents and temperatures, making them well suited for complex, high-resolution OEM applications such as flow cytometry, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (“DNA”) sequencing, graphics and imaging, and semiconductor inspection.

 

Helium-Neon Lasers: We offer helium-neon lasers in the red, green, yellow, and orange wavelengths. These products provide high output power with low noise, offering excellent beam pointing and amplitude stability, and instant start-up. These lasers are used in various applications including bar code scanning, flow cytometry, metrology, photo processing, and alignment.

 

Fiber Lasers: Fiber lasers are compact in size, require simple wall-socket power, and are air-cooled, making them easy to integrate into a system. The nominal output wavelength of one micron makes them ideal for precision machining applications such as marking, bending and cutting, and selective soldering.

 

Competitive Environment

 

In our communications markets we compete against numerous fiber optic component, module, subsystem and instrumentation manufacturers, including independent merchant suppliers and business units within vertically integrated equipment manufacturers, some of whom are also our customers. A partial list of these competitors includes: Agilent Technologies (“Agilent”), Avanex, Bookham Technology, Finisar, Fujitsu, Furukawa Electric, Oplink Communications, and Sumitomo Electric. In addition to these established companies, we also face competition from other companies and from emerging start-ups. While each of our product families has multiple competitors, we believe that we have the broadest range of products and technologies available in the industry. We also believe that this range of products and technologies position us well as the industry continues to move towards module and subsystem level products.

 

In our commercial and consumer markets, we strive to be a principal supplier to most of our key customers. In our consumer markets, we face competition from providers of special effect pigments, including BASF and Merck KGaA. In our commercial markets, we face competition from Japanese coating companies such as Nidek, Toppan and Tore, and display component companies such as Viratec, Nitto Optical, Asahi, Nikon and Fuji Photo-Optical. In our commercial and defense markets we compete with optics companies such as Deposition Sciences, Barr Associates, and Sonoma Photonics. We also compete with laser companies such as Coherent, Melles Griot and the Spectra-Physics division of Newport.

 

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Strategy

 

Our objective is to continue to be a leading supplier of fiber optic components, modules and subsystems for all markets and industries we serve. Specifically, we plan to pursue the following product strategies:

 

Communications

 

Help accelerate our customers’ profitability and time-to-revenue via enhanced vertically integrated optical platforms, such as modules and circuit packs that leverage the broad optical components we also sell directly to OEMs.

 

Commercial

 

Enable our customers’ next generation laser applications, such as laser-based solutions in bio-medical, graphical, remote sensing and material processing markets, by exploiting laser product transitions from gas to solid state.

 

Consumer

 

Uniquely differentiate and effectively protect valuable brands via a secure, flexible and aesthetically innovative optical platform. Within our entertainment sub-segment, enable the highest quality entertainment experience with best in class optical components and assemblies, which provide high-contrast and high-brightness for the fast growing microdisplay-based HD RPTV market.

 

In support of these product strategies, we are pursuing a corporate strategy that we believe will best position us for future opportunities in all the markets we serve. The key elements of our corporate strategy include:

 

    Customer-driven execution. We are committed to working closely with our customers from initial product design through to manufacturing and delivery. We strive to engage with our customers at the early stages of development to provide them with their entire component, module or subsystem needs. Our sales, customer support, product marketing and development efforts are organized to maximize effectiveness in our customer interactions.

 

    Maintaining technology leadership. Our technology and product leadership is an important competitive advantage. Driven by current and anticipated demand, we will continue to invest in new technologies and products that offer our customers increased efficiency, higher performance, improved functionality, and/or higher levels of integration.

 

    Vertical Integration. In response to cost saving initiatives, enterprises are increasingly focusing on core competences and choosing to outsource manufacturing that was previously performed in-house. As a result of these two trends, a growing number of our customers are demanding more highly integrated products across our markets. For example, customers are demanding integrated circuit packs rather than individual components in the communications business. Higher levels of integration offer the opportunity for higher revenues, and improved margins over time.

 

    Structuring our manufacturing capabilities for increased efficiency and quality improvement. Between 2001 and 2005, we consolidated 41 manufacturing locations to 9, inclusive of our mergers and acquisitions activity during the period. We remain committed to streamlining our manufacturing operations and reducing costs by using lower-cost contract manufacturers where appropriate, and by situating our factories in lower-cost locations capable of consistently meeting our customers’ quality and performance requirements. For example, we are moving the manufacturing of many of our communications products to our facility in Shenzhen, China.

 

   

Pursuing complementary strategic relationships. Complementary acquisitions can expand our addressable markets and strengthen our competitive position. As part of our growth strategy, we

 

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continue to critically assess opportunities to develop strategic relationships, including acquisitions and investments, with other businesses.

 

    Developing our people. Our management and employees have formed a culture of innovation, passion, adaptability and resilience that has proven its strength during changes in the markets we serve. We are focused on retaining key contributors, developing our people and nurturing this level of commitment.

 

Although we expect to be successful in implementing our strategy, there are many internal and external factors that could impact our ability to meet any or all of our objectives. Some of these factors are discussed under “Risk Factors”.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We market our products primarily to OEM, distributors and strategic partners in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. Our sales organizations communicate directly with customers’ engineering, manufacturing and purchasing personnel in determining the design, performance and cost specifications for customer product requirements. Our customers for optical communications solutions include Agilent, Alcatel, Ciena, Cisco Systems, Hewlett-Packard, Huawei, IBM, Lucent, Nortel, and Bell South. Our customers in our commercial and consumer markets include Agilent, Applied Biosystems, Eastman Kodak, Hitachi, Mitsubishi, SICPA, Sony, and Toshiba.

 

We believe that a high level of customer support is necessary to develop and maintain long-term relationships with our customers. Each relationship begins at the design-in phase and is maintained as customer needs change. We provide direct service and support to our customers through our offices in North America, Asia and Europe. We have aligned our sales organization in the communications business to offer customers a single point of contact for all of their product requirements, and created centers of excellence to streamline customer interactions with product line managers. We are also continuing to consolidate administrative functions to provide improved customer service and reduce our cost.

 

Research and Development

 

During fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, we incurred research and development expenses of $93.7 million, $99.5 million, and $153.7 million, respectively. Our total number of employees engaged in research and development has decreased to 532 as of June 30, 2005, compared to 647 as of June 30, 2004 and 674 at June 30, 2003.

 

We devote substantial resources to research and development in order to develop new and enhanced products to serve our communications, display, document and product security, medical/environmental instrumentation and laser markets. Once the design of a product is complete, our engineering efforts shift to enhancing both the performance of that product and our ability to manufacture it at high volumes and at lower cost.

 

For the communications market, we are increasing our focus on the most promising markets while maintaining our capability to provide products throughout the network. We are increasing our emphasis on the next generation optical components and modules, such as reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexers, tunable devices, FTTx products and intelligent modules, needed for long-haul, metro, access, local area network, storage area network, and enterprise markets. We are also responding to our customers’ requests for higher levels of integration, including the integration of optics, electronics and software in our modules, subsystems and circuit packs.

 

In our commercial and consumer markets, our research and development efforts concentrate on developing more innovative solutions such as economical and commercially suitable light interference pigments, color separation filters and various components for optical systems, and components, modules and assemblies to serve the display and instrumentation markets.

 

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Manufacturing

 

The following table sets forth our manufacturing locations and the primary products manufactured at each location as of June 30, 2005. Manufacturing facilities and products manufactured by our contract-manufacturing partners (located in California, New Jersey, Texas, China, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand) are not included in the table below:

 

Location


  

Products


NORTH AMERICA:

    

Canada:

    

Ottawa

   Wavelength blockers, equalizers, multi-wavelength switches, waveguide modules, dispersion compensation modules, custom modules, circuit packs, optical performance monitors and instrumentation and control products

United States:

    

Commerce, CA

   Packaging labels for both security and non-security applications

Melbourne, FL

   Transceivers and transponders

Rochester, MN

   Optical transceivers

San Jose, CA

   High power pump lasers, source lasers, waveguides submarine products, CoC testing and solid state lasers

Santa Rosa, CA

   Optical display and projection products, light interference pigments for security and decorative applications, gas and solid state lasers, laser subsystems and thin film filters

Bloomfield, CT

   Lithium niobate modulators, wavelength lockers and electronic drivers for telecommunications

REST OF WORLD:

    

China:

    

Beijing

   Light interference pigments for security applications

Shenzhen

   Variety of standard optical components and modules, transceivers and transponders, photodetectors, receiver products, erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), optical amplifiers and source lasers

 

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials

 

Our intention is to establish at least two sources of supply for materials whenever possible, although we do have some sole source supply arrangements. The loss or interruption of such arrangements could have an impact on our ability to deliver certain products on a timely basis.

 

Patents and Proprietary Rights

 

Intellectual property rights that apply to our various products include patents, trade secrets and trademarks. We do not intend to broadly license our intellectual property rights unless we can obtain adequate consideration or enter into acceptable patent cross-license agreements. As of June 30, 2005, we held over 1,000 U.S. patents and several hundred foreign patents.

 

Backlog

 

Backlog consists of purchase orders for products for which we have assigned shipment dates within the following 12 months. As of June 30, 2005, our backlog was approximately $142.4 million as compared to $147.0 million at June 30, 2004. Because of possible changes in product delivery schedules and cancellation of product orders, and because our sales will often reflect orders shipped in the same quarter in which they are received, our backlog at any particular date is not necessarily indicative of actual revenue or the level of orders for any succeeding period.

 

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Employees

 

We had 5,022 employees as of June 30, 2005, as compared to 6,041 and 5,489 as of June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Our workforce as of June 30, 2005 included 3,733 employees in manufacturing, 532 employees in research and development, 469 employees in general and administrative functions (including information technology, finance and human resources), and 288 employees in sales and marketing.

 

We have never experienced a work stoppage, slowdown or strike. Notwithstanding the reductions in force that have taken place, we consider our employee relations generally to be good.

 

Similar to other technology companies, particularly those located in Silicon Valley, we rely upon our ability to use stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation as key components of our executive and employee compensation structure. Historically, these components have been critical to our ability to retain important personnel and offer competitive compensation packages. Without these components, we would be required to significantly increase cash compensation levels (or develop alternative compensation structures) in order to retain our key employees, particularly as and when an industry recovery returns. Recent accounting rules relating to the expensing of stock-based compensation may result in us substantially reducing, or even eliminating, all or portions of our equity compensation programs which may negatively impact our ability to attract and retain key employees.

 

Risk Factors

 

We cannot predict a return to profitability.

 

Although we have made progress in reducing elements of our expense structure, a confluence of factors may reduce the impact of these improvements, as well as our ability to enhance our revenues or to predict the timing of our return to long-term profitability. These factors include, among others:

 

    Adverse changes to our product mix, both fundamentally (resulting from new product transitions, the declining profitability of certain of our legacy products and the termination of certain formerly higher margin products, among other things) and due to quarterly demand fluctuations within our product portfolio, which has a wide gross margin range, resulting in inventory-related charges and other expenses related to under-absorption of manufacturing overhead;

 

    The declining, but variable impact of transient financial benefits (including warranty reversals, cancellation revenues and the consumption of previously-written off inventory) accumulated during the economic downturn and associated restructuring activities;

 

    Adverse charges associated with underutilization of our manufacturing capacities;

 

    Intense pricing pressures across our product lines (due to competitive forces, increasingly from Asia, and a highly concentrated customer base), which continue to offset many of the cost improvements we are realizing quarter over quarter;

 

    Increasing commoditization of previously customized, differentiated products, principally in our communications markets, and the concomitant negative effect on pricing and profit margins;

 

    Continuing execution challenges which limit revenue opportunities, harm profitability, market share and customer relations;

 

    Restructuring charges, employee severance expenses and other costs associated with asset divestitures, facility consolidations, product transfers, product terminations and other actions associated with our continuing restructuring activities;

 

    Revenue declines associated with terminated or divested product lines;

 

    Continuing redundant costs related to transitioning manufacturing to low cost locations; and

 

    Continuing high levels of selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses.

 

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Taken together, these factors limit our ability to predict and achieve profitability. While some of these factors may diminish over time as we improve our cost structure and focus on enhancing our product mix, several, such as continuous pricing pressure, increasing Asia-based competition, increasing commoditization of previously-differentiated products and a highly concentrated customer base are likely to remain endemic to our industries. If we fail to achieve our stockholders’ profitability expectations, our stock price, as well as our business and financial condition, will suffer.

 

If optical information networks do not continue to expand as expected, our communications business will suffer.

 

Our future success as a manufacturer of optical components, modules and subsystems ultimately depends on the continued growth of the communications industry and, in particular, the continued expansion of global information networks, particularly those directly or indirectly dependent upon a fiber optics infrastructure. As part of that growth, we are relying on increasing demand for high-content voice, video, text and other data delivered over high-speed connections (i.e., high bandwidth communications). As network usage and bandwidth demand increase, so do the need for advanced optical networks to provide the required bandwidth. Without network and bandwidth growth, the need for our advanced communications products, and hence our future growth as a manufacturer of these products, is jeopardized. Currently, while increasing demand for network services and for broadband access, in particular, is apparent, growth is limited by several factors, including, among others, an uncertain regulatory environment, reluctance from content providers to supply video and audio content over the communications infrastructure, and uncertainty regarding long term sustainable business models as multiple industries (cable, traditional telecommunications, wireless, satellite, etc.) offer non-complimentary and competing content delivery solutions. Ultimately, should long-term expectations for network growth and bandwidth demand not be realized or support a sustainable business model, our business would be significantly harmed.

 

Without stability and growth in our non-communications businesses our margins and profitability may suffer.

 

Our Commercial and Consumer Products Group represents a material, although varying, portion of our total net revenue. Gross margins associated with products in this segment often exceed those from products in our Communications Products Group. Revenue declines associated with Commercial and Consumer Products Group have had, and may in the future continue to have, a disproportionate impact on total Company profitability measures in any quarter. Accordingly, our strategy emphasizes the growth opportunities in both reported segments, as we seek to expand our markets and customer base, improve the profitability of our product portfolio and improve time to revenue. Therefore, we are engaged in or exploring new investment and product opportunities in our Commercial and Consumer Products Group, particularly in our coating technologies and laser businesses, as well as in our pigments business. Failures in these markets or in our execution of programs related to the same will significantly harm our business.

 

Our optics and display business has suffered significant recent setbacks and is subject to major transition and risk.

 

In recent periods, our optics and display revenues have declined substantially from historic levels, due to, among other things, product line terminations, market seasonality, increased competition, pricing pressures, and uncertain demand levels. In response, we have elected to phase out or divest certain products, outsource the manufacture of one product and consolidate the manufacturing resources related to the remainder of the business. We may in fact incur additional costs or suffer additional adverse financial and operational impacts related to declines in our optics and display business. Also, while we are currently investing in a new platform for optics and display components, we are in the early stages of this program and cannot yet predict the revenue or profitability levels, if any, that this investment will achieve.

 

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Actions to improve our cost structure are costly and risky and the timing and extent of expected benefits is uncertain.

 

In response to our profitability concerns we are working vigorously to reduce our cost structure. We have taken, and expect to continue to take, significant actions (including site closures, product transfers, asset divestitures and product terminations) in furtherance of this goal. In this regard, we recently announced several major cost reduction initiatives including the transfer of manufacturing of certain of our products to contract manufacturing partners and our Shenzhen, China, facility, site consolidations and divestitures, product line and operations divestitures, end of life programs and significant headcount reductions. We expect to continue to take additional, similar actions for the foreseeable future opportunistically. We cannot be certain that these programs will be successful or completed as and when anticipated. These programs are costly, as we have incurred, and will continue to incur expenses to complete the same. In addition, these programs are risky, as they are time-consuming and disruptive to our operations, employees, customers (most significantly, our end of life programs) and suppliers, with no guarantee that the expected results (particularly cost savings and profitability expectations) will be achieved as and when projected (among other things, cost savings achieved through these programs may not be timely or sufficient enough to offset continuing pricing declines), or that the costs to complete these program will not increase above expected levels. Apart from ensuring the timely, cost-effective, execution of the actions planned, it is imperative that we conduct these programs with minimal adverse customer impact.

 

If our contract manufacturers fail to perform their obligations, our business will suffer.

 

We are increasing our use of contract manufacturers as an alternative to internal manufacturing. Among other things, we recently transferred, or have agreed to transfer, several of our facilities, assets and manufacturing operations to our contract manufacturer, Fabrinet, and have also agreed to transfer the manufacture of certain other products to an additional contract manufacturer. Accordingly, our reliance on these and other contract manufacturers as primary manufacturing resources is growing significantly. Consequently, we are increasingly exposed to the general risks associated with the businesses, operations and financial condition of our contract manufacturers, including, among other things, the risks of bankruptcy, insolvency, management changes, adverse change of control, natural disasters and local political or economic volatility or instability. Nevertheless, if our contract manufacturers do not fulfill their obligations to us on a timely basis, for any reason, or if we do not properly manage these relationships and the transition of assets, operations and product manufacturing to these contract manufacturers, our business and customer relationships will suffer. In addition, by undertaking these activities, we run the risk that the reputation and competitiveness of our products and services may deteriorate as a result of the reduction of our control over quality and delivery schedules. We also may experience supply interruptions, cost escalations and competitive disadvantages if our contract manufacturers fail to develop, implement or maintain manufacturing methods appropriate for our products and customers. In this regard, we have experienced, and continue to periodically experience, difficulties (such as delays, interruptions and quality problems) associated with products we have transferred to contract manufacturers. These may continue, resulting in, among other things, lost revenue opportunities, customer dissatisfaction and additional costs.

 

We have continuing concerns regarding the manufacture, quality and distribution of our products. These concerns are heightened as new product offerings increase.

 

Our success depends upon our ability to deliver high quality products on time to our customers at acceptable cost. As a technology company, we constantly encounter quality, volume and cost concerns. Currently, a combination of factors is exacerbating our concerns:

 

    Our continuing cost reduction programs, which include site consolidations, asset divestitures, product transfers (internally and to contract manufacturers) and employee reductions, require the re-establishment and re-qualification of complex manufacturing lines, as well as modifications to systems, planning and operational infrastructure. During this process, we have experienced, and continue to experience: additional costs, delays in re-establishing volume production levels; supply chain interruptions; planning difficulties; inventory issues; factory absorption concerns; and systems integration problems.

 

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    Periodic, variable increases in demand for certain of our products, in the midst of our cost reduction programs, have from time to time strained our execution abilities as well as those of our suppliers, as we are experiencing periodic and varying capacity, workforce and materials constraints, enhanced by the impact of our ongoing product and operational transfers.

 

    Recently, we have commenced a series of new product programs and introductions, particularly in our circuit pack, communications modules and display components businesses, which due to the untested and untried nature of the relevant products and their manufacture and their increased complexity, exposes us to yield and product quality risk, internally and with our materials suppliers.

 

These factors have caused considerable strain on our execution capabilities and customer relations. Currently, we are (a) having periodic difficulty responding to customer delivery expectations for some of our products, (b) experiencing yield and quality problems, particularly with some of our new products and higher volume products, and (c) expending additional funds and other resources to respond to these execution challenges. We are currently losing revenue opportunities due to these concerns. We are also, in the short-term, diverting resources from new product research and development and other functions to assist with resolving these matters. If we do not improve our performance in all of these areas, our operating results will be harmed, the commercial viability of new products may be challenged and our customers may choose to reduce their purchases of our products and purchase additional products from our competitors.

 

If our customers do not qualify our manufacturing lines for volume shipments, our operating results could suffer.

 

Customers will not purchase certain of our products, other than limited numbers of evaluation units, prior to qualification of the manufacturing lines for the products. This concern is particularly relevant to us as we continue to take advantage of opportunities to further reduce costs through targeted, customer-driven, restructuring events, which will involve the relocation of certain of our manufacturing internally and to external manufacturers. Each new (including relocated) manufacturing line must undergo rigorous qualification testing with our customers. The qualification process can be lengthy and is expensive, with no guarantee that any particular product qualification process will lead to profitable product sales. The qualification process determines whether the manufacturing line achieves the customers’ quality, performance and reliability standards. Our expectations as to the time periods required to qualify a product line and ship products in volumes to customers may be erroneous. Delays in qualification can cause a long-term supply program to be cancelled. These delays will also impair the expected timing, and may impair the expected amount, of sales of the affected products. Nevertheless, we may, in fact, experience delays in obtaining qualification of our manufacturing lines and, as a consequence, our operating results and customer relationships would be harmed.

 

We could incur significant costs to correct defective products.

 

Our products are rigorously tested for quality both by our customers and us. Nevertheless, our products do, and may continue to, fail to meet customer expectations from time-to-time. Also, not all defects are immediately detectible. Customers’ testing procedures are limited to evaluating our products under likely and foreseeable failure scenarios. For various reasons (including, among others, the occurrence of performance problems that are unforeseeable in testing or that are detected only when products are fully deployed and operated under peak stress conditions), our products may fail to perform as expected long after customer acceptance. Failures could result from faulty design or problems in manufacturing. In either case, we could incur significant costs to repair and/or replace defective products under warranty, particularly when such failures occur in installed systems. We have experienced such failures in the past and remain exposed to such failures, as our products are widely deployed throughout the world in multiple demanding environments and applications. In some cases, product redesigns or additional capital equipment may be required to correct a defect. We have in the past increased our warranty reserves and have incurred significant expenses relating to certain communications products. Any significant product failure could result in lost future sales of the affected product and other products, as well as severe customer relations problems, litigation and damage to our reputation.

 

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If we cannot develop new product offerings or if our new product offerings fail in the market, our business will suffer.

 

We are a technology-dependent company. Our success or failure depends, in large part, upon our ability to continuously and successfully introduce and market new products and technologies meeting or exceeding our customers’ expectations. Accordingly, we intend to continue to develop new product lines and improve the business for existing ones. However, we have considerably reduced our research and development spending from historic levels and some of our competitors now spend considerably higher percentages of their revenues on research and development than do we. If we fail to develop and sustain a robust, commercially viable product pipeline our business will suffer.

 

In recent periods, we have increased our focus on new products, particularly in our circuit pack, communications modules and optics and display businesses. Our current growth strategy emphasizes all of our businesses lines. Nevertheless, several of the key relevant products are untried and untested and have not yet demonstrated long-term commercial viability. Occasionally problems occur causing us to cancel or adjust new product programs. In this regard, we recently adjusted our light engine program to move from the mass production of integrated light engines for the broad consumer market to a focus on creating “best in class” components, integration techniques and systems integration for early market innovators. Current challenges across our new product efforts include establishing sustainable pricing and cost models, predictable and acceptable quality and yields, and adequate and reliable supply chains, as well as demonstrating our (and our suppliers’) ability to scale and provide adequate facilities, personnel and other resources. Nonetheless, if we fail to successfully develop and commercialize some or all of these new products, our business could suffer.

 

Signs of market stability are not necessarily indicative of long-term growth.

 

Among other things, while our direct telecommunications customer base has remained largely intact, their customer base, the service providers, has been significantly reduced due to industry consolidations and the reduction of the competitive local exchange carriers. Notwithstanding signs of market stability, visibility into our markets, and particularly the telecommunications market remains limited, average selling prices continue to decline and revenue and profitability targets and projections are subject to uncertainty and variability. While we are generally encouraged by long-term growth prospects, our visibility remains limited and we remain cautious and cannot predict the timing or magnitude of growth for our industries or our business, at this time.

 

Stability concerns affecting many of our key suppliers could impair the quality, cost or availability of many of our important products, harming our revenue, profitability and customer relations.

 

We have numerous materials suppliers for our products and, frequently, many of our important products rely on single-source suppliers for critical materials. These products include several of our advanced components, modules and subsystem products across our businesses. Many of our important suppliers are small companies facing financial stability, quality, yield, scale or delivery concerns. Some of these companies may be acquired, undergo material reorganizations or become insolvent. Others are larger companies with limited dependency upon our business, resulting in unfavorable pricing, quantity or delivery terms. The recent signs of market stability in our business have exacerbated these concerns as we increase our purchasing to meet our customers’ demands. We are currently undertaking programs to ensure the long-term strength of our supply chain. Nevertheless, we are experiencing, and expect for the foreseeable future to continue to experience, strain on our supply chain and periodic supplier problems. We have incurred, and expect for the foreseeable future to continue to incur, costs to address these problems. In addition, these problems have impacted, and we expect for the foreseeable future will continue to impact, our ability to meet customer expectations. If we do not identify and implement long-term solutions to our supply chain concerns, our customer relationships and business will materially suffer.

 

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The communications equipment industry has extremely long product development cycles requiring us to incur product development costs without assurances of an acceptable investment return.

 

The telecommunications industry is a capital-intensive industry similar, in many respects, to any other infrastructure development industry. Large volumes of equipment and support structures are installed over vast areas, with considerable expenditures of funds and other resources, with long investment return period expectations. Moreover, reliability requirements are intense. Consequently, there is significant resistance to network redesigns and upgrades. Consequently, redesigns and upgrades of installed systems are undertaken only as required in response to user demand and competitive pressures and generally only after the applicable carrier has received sufficient return on its considerable investment. At the component supplier level this reality creates considerable, typically multi-year, gaps between the commencement of new product development and volume purchases. Accordingly, we and our competitors often incur significant research and development and sales and marketing costs for products that, at a minimum, will be purchased by our customers long after much of the cost is incurred (very long “time to cash”) and, at a maximum, may never be purchased due to changes in industry or customer requirements in the interim.

 

Our business and financial condition could be harmed by our long-term growth strategy.

 

Notwithstanding the recent decline, our businesses have historically grown, at times rapidly, and we have grown accordingly. We have made, and expect in the future to make, significant investments to enable our future growth through, among other things, internal expansion programs, product development, acquisitions and other strategic relationships. We may grow our business through business combinations or other acquisitions of businesses, products or technologies. We continually evaluate and explore strategic opportunities as they arise, including business combinations, strategic partnerships, capital investments and the purchase, licensing or sale of assets. Acquisitions may require significant capital infusions, typically entail many risks and could result in difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of acquired companies. If we fail to manage or anticipate our future growth effectively, particularly during periods of industry uncertainty, our business will suffer. Through our cost reductions measures we are balancing the need to consolidate our operations with the need to preserve our ability to grow and scale our operations as our markets stabilize and recover. If we fail to achieve this balance, our business will suffer to the extent our resources and operations are insufficient to respond to a return to growth.

 

Our sales are dependent upon a few key customers.

 

A few large customers account for most of our net revenue. During fiscal 2005 and 2004 no customer accounted for more than 10% of our total net revenue. During fiscal 2003, Texas Instruments accounted for 12% of our net revenue. Dependence on a limited number of customers exposes us to the risk that order reductions from any one customer can have a material adverse effect on periodic revenue.

 

One of our products is dependent upon a single customer for a majority of sales.

 

We have a strategic alliance with SICPA, our principal customer for our light interference pigments which are used to, among other things, provide security features in currency. Under a license and supply agreement, we rely exclusively on SICPA to market and sell to this market worldwide. The agreement requires SICPA to purchase minimum quantities of these pigments over the term of the agreement. If SICPA fails to purchase these quantities, as and when required by the agreement, for any reason, our business and operating results (including, among other things, our revenue and gross margin) will be harmed, at least in the short-term. In the long-term, we may be unable to find a substitute marketing and sales partner or develop these capabilities ourselves.

 

We depend on a limited number of vendors.

 

We depend on a limited number of contract manufacturers, and subcontractors, and suppliers for raw materials, packages and standard components. We generally purchase these single or limited source products

 

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through standard purchase orders or one-year supply agreements and we have no long-term guaranteed supply agreements with such suppliers. While we seek to maintain a sufficient safety stock of such products and also endeavor to maintain ongoing communications with our suppliers to guard against interruptions or cessation of supply, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected by a stoppage or delay of supply, substitution of more expensive or less reliable products, receipt of defective parts or contaminated materials, an increase in the price of such supplies, or our inability to obtain reduced pricing from our suppliers in response to competitive pressures.

 

We generally use a rolling twelve and fifteen month forecast based on anticipated product orders, customer forecasts, product order history, warranty and service demand, and backlog to determine our material requirements. Lead times for the parts and components that we order vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for a component at a given time. If actual orders do not match our forecasts, we may have excess or shortfalls of some materials and components as well as excess inventory purchase commitments. We could experience reduced or delayed product shipments or incur additional inventory write-downs and cancellation charges or penalties, which would increase costs and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

 

Any failure to remain competitive would harm our operating results.

 

The markets in which we sell our products are highly competitive and characterized by rapidly changing and converging technologies, as well as continuous pricing pressure. We face intense competition from established domestic and international competitors and the threat of future competition from new and emerging companies in all aspects of our business. Much of our current competition comes from large, diversified Asian corporations, and emerging, largely Chinese optical companies. These competitors have considerable optical expertise, and often very low cost structures. The competitive threat is exacerbated by the overall trend towards increased commoditization of traditionally highly differentiated products, particularly in our Communications Products Group. We expect Asian, and particularly Chinese, competition to increase. To remain competitive in both the current and future business climates, we believe we must maintain a substantial commitment to research and development, and significantly improve our cost structure. Our efforts to remain competitive may be unsuccessful.

 

Risks in acquisitions.

 

Our growth is dependent upon market growth, our ability to enhance our existing products and the introduction of new products on a timely basis. We have and will continue to address the need to develop new products through acquisitions of other companies and technologies. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including the following:

 

    Difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired companies;

 

    Diversion of management’s attention from normal daily operations of the business;

 

    Potential difficulties in completing projects associated with in-process research and development;

 

    Difficulties in entering markets in which we have no or limited direct prior experience and where competitors in such markets have stronger market positions;

 

    Insufficient net revenues to offset increased expenses associated with acquisitions; and

 

    Potential loss of key employees of the acquired companies.

 

Acquisitions may also cause us to:

 

    Issue common stock that would dilute our current shareholders’ percentage ownership;

 

    Assume liabilities some of which may be unknown at of the time of such acquisitions;

 

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    Record goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing and potential periodic impairment charges;

 

    Incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets;

 

    Incur large and immediate write-offs of in-process research and development costs; or

 

    Become subject to litigation.

 

Mergers and acquisitions of high-technology companies are inherently risky, and no assurance can be given that our previous or future acquisitions will be successful or will not adversely affect our business, operating results, or financial condition. Failure to manage and successfully integrate acquisitions could harm our business and operating results in a material way. Even when an acquired company has already developed and marketed products, there can be no assurance that product enhancements will be made in a timely fashion or that all pre-acquisition due diligence will have identified all possible issues that might arise with respect to such products.

 

Expenses relating to acquired in-process research and development costs are charged in the period in which an acquisiotion is completed. These charges may occur in future acquisitions resulting in variability in our quarterly earnings.

 

If we fail to attract and retain key personnel, our business could suffer.

 

Our future depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain key personnel. We may not be able to hire and retain such personnel at compensation levels consistent with our existing compensation and salary structure. Our future also depends on the continued contributions of our executive management team and other key management and technical personnel, each of whom would be difficult to replace. The loss of service from these or other executive officers or key personnel or the inability to continue to attract qualified personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business. Retention of key talent is an increasing concern as we continue to implement cost improvement programs, including product transfers and site reductions, and as we continue to address our profitability concerns.

 

We recently experienced a significant amount of turnover within our corporate accounting and finance department, including the departure of our Chief Financial Officer, Vice-President and Corporate Controller, Treasurer, Corporate Accounting Manager and Corporate Reporting Manager. We have filled these positions and are actively recruiting to fill additional vacancies within our corporate and operations finance teams. In addition we are strengthening the technical capabilities of existing accounting and finance personnel.

 

Our finance personnel in new positions may require additional quarterly reporting cycles to be trained and fully familiar with our historical complex non-routine transactions. Should we be unable to recruit the additional personnel needed in the corporate accounting and finance function to strengthen our technical capabilities or should we increase the demands on our current resources with a large number of complex non routine transactions our internal controls over financial reporting could suffer and result in material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting (see Item 9A. Controls and Procedures). We will also be challenged with the integration of Acterna which will further stretch our finance organization resources.

 

Similar to other technology companies, particularly those located in Silicon Valley, we rely upon our ability to use stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation as key components of our executive and employee compensation structure. Historically, these components have been critical to our ability to retain important personnel and offer competitive compensation packages. Without these components, we would be required to significantly increase cash compensation levels (or develop alternative compensation structures) in order to retain our key employees, particularly as and when an industry recovery returns. Recent requirements mandating the expensing of stock-based compensation awards may cause us to substantially reduce, or even eliminate, all or portions of our stock-based compensation programs which may negatively impact our ability to attract and retain key employees.

 

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Certain of our non-telecommunications products are subject to governmental and industry regulations, certifications and approvals.

 

The commercialization of certain of the products we design, manufacture and distribute through our Commercial and Consumer Products Group may be more costly due to required government approval and industry acceptance processes. We have experienced delays in the commercialization of our light engine product in this segment. Development of applications for our light interference pigment products may require significant testing that could delay our sales. For example, certain uses in cosmetics may be regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, which has extensive and lengthy approval processes. Durability testing by the automobile industry of our pigments used with automotive paints can take up to three years. If we change a product for any reason including technological changes or changes in the manufacturing process, prior approvals or certifications may be invalid and we may need to go through the approval process again. If we are unable to obtain these or other government or industry certifications in a timely manner, or at all, our operating results could be adversely affected.

 

We face risks related to our international operations and revenue.

 

Our customers are located throughout the world. In addition, we have significant offshore operations, including manufacturing, sales and customer support operations. Our operations outside North America include facilities primarily in Asia-Pacific.

 

Our international presence exposes us to certain risks, including the following:

 

    our ability to comply with customs, import/export and other trade compliance regulations of the countries in which we do business, together with any unexpected changes in such regulations;

 

    difficulties in establishing and enforcing our intellectual property rights;

 

    tariffs and other trade barriers;

 

    political, legal and economic instability in foreign markets, particularly in those markets in which we maintain manufacturing and research facilities;

 

    difficulties in staffing and management;

 

    language and cultural barriers;

 

    seasonal reductions in business activities in the countries where our international customers are located;

 

    integration of foreign operations;

 

    longer payment cycles;

 

    greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection;

 

    currency fluctuations; and

 

    potential adverse tax consequences.

 

Net revenue from customers outside North America accounted for 34%, 36%, and 30% of our total net revenue in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. We expect that net revenue from customers outside North America will continue to account for a significant portion of our total net revenue. Lower sales levels that typically occur during the summer months in Europe and some other overseas markets may materially and adversely affect our business. In addition, sales of many of our customers depend on international sales and consequently further expose us to the risks associated with such international sales.

 

The international dimensions of our operations and sales subject us to a myriad of domestic and foreign trade regulatory requirements. As part of our ongoing integration program, we are evaluating our current trade compliance practices and implementing improvements, where necessary. Among other things, we are auditing

 

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our product export classification and customs procedures and are installing trade information and compliance systems using our global enterprise software platforms. We do not currently expect the costs of such evaluation or the implementation of any resulting improvements to have a material adverse effect on our operating results or business. However, our evaluation and related implementation are not yet complete and, accordingly, the costs could be greater than expected and such costs and the legal consequences of any failure to comply with applicable regulations could affect our business and operating results.

 

We are increasing manufacturing operations in China, which expose us to risks inherent in doing business in China.

 

As a result of our efforts to reduce costs, we have increased our manufacturing operations in China and those operations are subject to greater political, legal and economic risks than those faced by our other operations. In particular, the political, legal and economic climate in China (both at national and regional levels) is extremely fluid and unpredictable. Among other things, the legal system in China (both at the national and regional levels) remains highly underdeveloped and subject to change, with little or no prior notice, for political or other reasons. Our ability to operate in China may be adversely affected by changes in Chinese laws and regulations, such as those relating to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use rights, intellectual property and other matters. Moreover, the enforceability of applicable existing Chinese laws and regulations is uncertain. These concerns are exacerbated for foreign businesses, such as ours, operating in China. Our business could be materially harmed by any changes to the political, legal or economic climate in China or the inability to enforce applicable Chinese laws and regulations.

 

Currently, we operate manufacturing facilities located in Shenzhen and Beijing, China. As part of our efforts to reduce costs, we continue to increase the scope and extent of our manufacturing operations in our Shenzhen facilities. Accordingly, we expect that our ability to operate successfully in China will become increasingly important to our overall success. As we continue to consolidate our manufacturing operations, we will incur additional costs to transfer product lines to our facilities located in China, which could have a material adverse impact on our operating results and financial condition.

 

We intend to export the majority of the products manufactured at our facilities in China. Accordingly, upon application to and approval by the relevant governmental authorities, we will not be subject to certain Chinese taxes and are exempt from customs duty assessment on imported components or materials when the finished products are exported from China. We are however required to pay income taxes in China, subject to certain tax relief. As the Chinese trade regulations are in a state of flux, we may become subject to other forms of taxation and duty assessments in China or may be required to pay for export license fees in the future. In the event that we become subject to any new Chinese forms of taxation, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 

Managing our inventory is complex and may include write-downs of excess or obsolete inventory.

 

Managing our inventory of components and finished products is a complex task. A number of factors, including, but not limited to, the need to maintain a significant inventory of certain components that are in short supply or that must be purchased in bulk to obtain favorable pricing or require long lead times, the general unpredictability of demand for specific products, may result in our maintaining large amounts of inventory. Inventory which is not used or expected to be used as and when planned may become excess or obsolete. Any excess or obsolete inventory could also result in sales price reductions and/or inventory write-downs, which we expect to continue, and historically have adversely affected our business and results of operations.

 

We may incur unanticipated costs and liabilities, including costs under environmental laws and regulations.

 

Our operations use certain substances and generate certain wastes that are regulated or may be deemed hazardous under environmental laws. Some of these laws impose liability for cleanup costs and damages relating

 

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to releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Such laws may become more stringent in the future. In the past, costs and liabilities arising under such laws have not been material; however, we are not certain that such matters will not be material to us in the future.

 

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of a failure of our information technology infrastructure.

 

We rely upon the capacity, reliability and security of our information technology hardware and software infrastructure and our ability to expand and update this infrastructure in response to our changing needs. We are constantly updating our information technology infrastructure. Among other things, we have entered into an agreement with Oracle to provide and maintain our global ERP infrastructure on an outsourced basis. Any failure to manage, expand and update our information technology infrastructure or any failure in the operation of this infrastructure could harm our business.

 

Despite our implementation of security measures, our systems are vulnerable to damages from computer viruses, natural disasters, unauthorized access and other similar disruptions. Any system failure, accident or security breach could result in disruptions to our operations. To the extent that any disruptions or security breach results in a loss or damage to our data, or inappropriate disclosure of confidential information, it could harm our business. In addition, we may be required to spend additional costs and other resources to protect us against damages caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future.

 

If we have insufficient proprietary rights or if we fail to protect those we have, our business would be materially harmed.

 

We may not obtain the intellectual property rights we require.

 

Others, including academic institutions, our competitors and other large technology-based companies, hold numerous patents in the industries in which we operate. Some of these patents may purport to cover our products. In response, we may seek to acquire license rights to these or other patents or other intellectual property to the extent necessary to ensure we possess sufficient intellectual property rights for the conduct of our business. Unless we are able to obtain such licenses on commercially reasonable terms, patents or other intellectual property held by others could inhibit our development of new products, impede the sale of some of our current products, or substantially increase the cost to provide these products to our customers. In the past, licenses generally have been available to us where third-party technology was necessary or useful for the development or production of our products, in the future licenses to third-party technology may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Generally, a license, if granted, includes payments by us of up-front fees, ongoing royalties or a combination of both. Such royalty or other terms could have a significant adverse impact on our operating results. We are a licensee of a number of third-party technologies and intellectual property rights and are required to pay royalties to these third-party licensors on some of our telecommunications products and laser subsystems.

 

Our products may be subject to claims that they infringe the intellectual property rights of others.

 

The industry in which we operate experiences periodic claims of patent infringement or other intellectual property rights. We have received in the past and, from time to time, may in the future receive notices from third parties claiming that our products infringe upon third-party proprietary rights. One consequence of the recent economic downturn is that many companies have turned to their intellectual property portfolios as an alternative revenue source. This is particularly true of companies which no longer compete with us. Many of these companies have larger, more established intellectual property portfolios than ours. Typical for a growth-oriented technology company, at any one time we generally have various pending claims from third parties that one or more of our products or operations infringe or misappropriate their intellectual property rights or that one or more of our patents is invalid. We will continue to respond to these claims in the course of our business operations. In the past, the settlement and disposition of these disputes has not had a material adverse impact on

 

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our business or financial condition, however this may not be the case in the future. Further, the litigation or settlement of these matters, regardless of the merit of the claims, could result in significant expense to us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not we are successful. If we are unsuccessful, we could be required to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology or to obtain licenses to the technology that is the subject of the litigation. We may not be successful in such development or such licenses may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Without such a license, we could be enjoined from future sales of the infringing product or products.

 

Our intellectual property rights may not be adequately protected.

 

Our future depends in part upon our intellectual property, including trade secrets, know-how and continuing technological innovation. We currently hold numerous U.S. patents on products or processes and corresponding foreign patents and have applications for some patents currently pending. The steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property may not adequately prevent misappropriation or ensure that others will not develop competitive technologies or products. Other companies may be investigating or developing other technologies that are similar to our own. It is possible that patents may not be issued from any application pending or filed by us and, if patents do issue, the claims allowed may not be sufficiently broad to deter or prohibit others from marketing similar products. Any patents issued to us may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Further, the rights under our patents may not provide a competitive advantage to us. In addition, the laws of some territories in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including Europe, Asia-Pacific or Latin America, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.

 

We face certain litigation risks that could harm our business.

 

We have had numerous lawsuits filed against us asserting various claims as noted in Part II of this filing, including securities and ERISA class actions and stockholder derivative actions. The results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict. Moreover, many of the complaints filed against us do not specify the amount of damages that plaintiffs seek and we therefore are unable to estimate the possible range of damages that might be incurred should these lawsuits be resolved against us. While we are unable to estimate the potential damages arising from such lawsuits, certain of them assert types of claims that, if resolved against us, could give rise to substantial damages. Thus, an unfavorable outcome or settlement of one or more of these lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity and results of operations. Even if these lawsuits are not resolved against us, the uncertainty and expense associated with unresolved lawsuits could seriously harm our business, financial condition and reputation. Litigation can be costly, time-consuming and disruptive to normal business operations. The costs of defending these lawsuits, particularly the securities class actions and stockholder derivative actions, have been significant, will continue to be costly and may not be covered by our insurance policies. The defense of these lawsuits could also result in continued diversion of our management’s time and attention away from business operations, which could harm our business.

 

Recently enacted and proposed regulatory changes will cause us to incur increased costs.

 

We continue to evaluate our internal control systems in order to allow our management to report on, and our independent auditors to attest to, our internal controls over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. As a result, we continue to incur substantial expenses. In addition, we continue to acquire companies including Acterna, which we acquired in the first quarter of fiscal 2006. There can be no assurance that we will be able to properly integrate the internal controls processes of the acquired companies.

 

Based upon the evaluation of internal controls as of June 30th, 2005, we have determined we have material weaknesses in our system of internal control over financial reporting. If we are not able to remediate these material weaknesses, implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or implement them with adequate compliance with regard to the acquired companies, we might be subject to harm to our reputation and

 

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could adversely affect our financial results and the market price of our common stock. Further, the impact of these events could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers, which could harm our business.

 

If we fail to manage our exposure to worldwide financial and securities markets successfully, our operating results could suffer.

 

We are exposed to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and prices of marketable equity security and fixed-income securities. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The primary objective of most of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. To achieve this objective, a majority of our marketable investments are investment grade, liquid, short-term fixed-income securities and money market instruments denominated in U.S. dollars. A substantial portion of our net revenue, expense and capital purchasing activities are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, some of these activities are conducted in other currencies, primarily Canadian, European and Asian currencies. To protect against reductions in value and the volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in foreign exchange rates, we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts. The contracts reduce, but do not always entirely eliminate, the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements. Unhedged currency exposures may fluctuate in value and produce significant earnings and cash flow volatility.

 

As of June 30, 2005, we held investments in other public and private companies and had limited funds invested in private venture funds. Such investments represented approximately $29.2 million on our consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2005. The stock prices of several of our investments fell in the recent economic downturn; we wrote down the value of these investments if the decline in fair value was deemed to be other-than-temporary. In addition to our investments in public companies, we have in the past and expect to continue to make investments in privately held companies as well as venture capital investments for strategic and commercial purposes. For example, we had a commitment to provide additional funding of up to $10.4 million to certain venture capital investment partnerships as of June 30, 2005. In recent months some of the private companies in which we held investments have ceased doing business and have either liquidated or are in bankruptcy proceedings. If the carrying value of our investments exceeds the fair value and the decline in fair value is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we will be required to further write down the value of our investments, which could materially harm our results of operations or financial condition.

 

We sold $475.0 million of senior convertible notes, which significantly decreased cash to debt ratio, and may cause our reported earnings per share to be more volatile because of the conversion contingency features of these notes.

 

On October 31, 2003, we issued $475.0 million of indebtedness in the form of senior convertible notes. The issuance of these notes substantially increased our principal payment obligations and we may not have enough cash to repay the notes when due. By incurring new indebtedness, the related risks that we now face could intensify. The degree to which we are leveraged could materially and adversely affect our ability to successfully obtain financing for working capital, acquisitions or other purposes and could make us more vulnerable to industry downturns and competitive pressures.

 

In addition, the holders of those notes are entitled to convert those notes into shares of our common stock under certain circumstances which would cause dilution to our existing stockholders and lower our reported per share earnings.

 

Our rights plan and our ability to issue additional preferred stock could harm the rights of our common stockholders.

 

In February 2003, we amended and restated our Stockholder Rights Agreement and currently each share of our outstanding common stock is associated with one right. Each right entitles stockholders to purchase 1/100,000 share of our Series B Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $21.00.

 

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The rights only become exercisable in certain limited circumstances following the tenth day after a person or group announces acquisition of or tender offers for 15% or more of our common stock. For a limited period of time following the announcement of any such acquisition or offer, the rights are redeemable by us at a price of $0.01 per right. If the rights are not redeemed, each right will then entitle the holder to purchase common stock having the value of twice the then-current exercise price. For a limited period of time after the exercisability of the rights, each right, at the discretion of our Board of Directors, may be exchanged for either 1/100,000 share of Series B Preferred Stock or one share of common stock per right. The rights expire on June 22, 2013.

 

Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 499,999 shares of undesignated preferred stock and to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued shares of undesignated preferred stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without the consent of our stockholders. The preferred stock could be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to those of the holders of common stock.

 

The issuance of Series B Preferred Stock or any preferred stock subsequently issued by our Board of Directors, under some circumstances, could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control.

 

Some provisions contained in the rights plan, and in the equivalent rights plan that our subsidiary, JDSU Canada Ltd., has adopted with respect to our exchangeable shares, may have the effect of discouraging a third party from making an acquisition proposal for us and may thereby inhibit a change in control. For example, such provisions may deter tender offers for shares of common stock or exchangeable shares, which offers may be attractive to stockholders, or deter purchases of large blocks of common stock or exchangeable shares, thereby limiting the opportunity for stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of common stock or exchangeable shares over the then-prevailing market prices.

 

Some anti-takeover provisions contained in our charter and under Delaware laws could hinder a takeover attempt.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibiting, under some circumstances, publicly-held Delaware corporations from engaging in business combinations with some stockholders for a specified period of time without the approval of the holders of substantially all of our outstanding voting stock. Such provisions could delay or impede the removal of incumbent directors and could make more difficult a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving us, even if such events could be beneficial, in the short-term, to the interests of the stockholders. In addition, such provisions could limit the price that some investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions relating to the limitations of liability and indemnification of our directors and officers, dividing our board of directors into three classes of directors serving three-year terms and providing that our stockholders can take action only at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders. These provisions also may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of us.

 

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

Our principal offices are located in San Jose, California, United States. The table below summarizes the properties that we owned and leased as of June 30, 2005:

 

Location


   Square footage

  

Location


   Square footage

Leased Properties:

        Leased Properties (cont.):     

NORTH AMERICA:

        REST OF WORLD:     

Canada:

        China:     

Ottawa(1)

   139,580   

Beijing

   75,347

Ottawa (current operations)

   272,309   

Hong Kong

   770
         

Shenzhen

   467,986

United States:

        Japan:     

Bloomfield, CT

   60,000   

Tokyo

   1,905

Cupertino, CA

   755    Taiwan     

Commerce, CA

   27,136   

Taipai

   3,960

Ewing Township, NJ

   112,400    Singapore    11,800

Horsham, PA(1)

   126,500          
              

Milpitas, CA

   60,100   

Total leased square footage:

   2,023,210

Mountain View, CA

   46,000          

Nashua, NH (1)

   2,611          

Piscataway, NJ(1)

   132,650          

San Jose, CA

   396,922          

Santa Clara, CA(1)

   46,338          

Santa Rosa, CA

   13,671          

EUROPE:

        Owned Properties:     

Italy:

        NORTH AMERICA:     

Monza

   1,000    United States:     

France:

       

Bloomfield, CT

   24,000

Les Ulis

   3,800   

Rochester, MN

   40,500

Grenoble

   10,226   

Santa Rosa, CA

   652,515

Germany:

       

Melbourne, FL (2)

   105,000
              

Eching

   8,712   

Total owned square footage:

   822,015

Wurtzburg

   732          
              
         

Total leased and owned square footage:

   2,845,225
              

(1) Operations have ceased at these properties. We are in the process of vacating additional properties as part of our Global Realignment Program and subsequent restructuring programs.
(2) This property has been classified in our financial statements as “held for sale”. See “Note 13. Reduction of Other Intangibles and Other Long-Lived Assets” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

As part of our Global Realignment Program and subsequent restructuring programs, we have completed and approved restructuring plans to close sites, vacate buildings at closed sites as well as at continuing operations and consolidate excess facilities worldwide. Of the total leased and owned square footage as of June 30, 2005, approximately 640,000 square feet were related to properties included in our Global Realignment Program and subsequent restructuring programs identified as surplus to our needs. Please see the description of our manufacturing sites under the heading “Manufacturing” in Item 1.

 

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Pending Litigation

 

The Securities Class Actions:

 

As discussed in our previous filings, litigation under the federal securities laws has been pending against the Company and certain former and current officers and directors since March 27, 2002. The complaint in re JDS Uniphase Corporation Securities Litigation, C-02-1486 (N.D. Cal.), purports to be brought on behalf of a class consisting of those who acquired our securities from October 28, 1999, through July 26, 2001, as well as on behalf of subclasses consisting of those who acquired the our common stock pursuant to our acquisitions of OCLI, E-TEK, and SDL. The complaint seeks unspecified damages and alleges various violations of the federal securities laws, specifically Sections 10(b), 14(a), 20(a), and 20A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933. On July 15, 2005, the Court denied Lead Plaintiff’s motion to strike parts of our answer to the complaint and also denied our motion for partial judgment on the pleadings. The Court also held a case management conference on July 15, 2005. At that conference, the Court ordered the parties to mediate, but declined to set a discovery cut-off or trial date.

 

On July 22, 2005, the Oklahoma Firefighters Pension and Retirement System moved to intervene, seeking to represent the purported subclass of plaintiffs who exchanged shares of OCLI stock for shares of JDSU stock in connection with the merger. No hearing on that motion has been set. On August 12, 2005, Lead Plaintiff moved for class certification. That motion will be heard on November 18, 2005. A further case management conference is also scheduled for November 18, 2005.

 

Document discovery is ongoing. Each party has noticed depositions of both party and non-party witnesses.

 

A related securities case, Zelman v. JDS Uniphase Corp., No. C-02-4656 (N.D. Cal.), is purportedly brought on behalf of a class of purchasers of debt securities that were allegedly linked to the price of our common stock. The Zelman complaint alleges that the debt securities were issued by an investment bank during the period from March 6, 2001 through July 26, 2001. The complaint names the Company and several of its former officers and directors as defendants, alleges violations of the federal securities laws, specifically Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 10b-5, and seeks unspecified damages. On April 6, 2005, Judge Claudia Wilken referred Defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint to Judge William W Schwarzer of the District Court for the Northern District of California. On July 14, 2005, Judge Schwarzer denied our motion to dismiss, but granted the motion in part with leave to amend as to Mr. Kevin Kalkhoven. At a case management conference held on July 15, 2005, Judge Wilken advised the parties that the Zelman matter should be mediated at the same time as In re JDS Uniphase Corporation Securities Litigation.

 

On August 11, 2005, Plaintiff moved for class certification in the Zelman matter. That motion will be heard on November 18, 2005. On August 19, 2005, JDSU moved for leave to petition the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals for interlocutory review of Judge Schwarzer’s order denying our motion to dismiss. No hearing on that motion has been set. On August 26, 2005, we answered the Amended Complaint.

 

The Derivative Actions:

 

As discussed in our previous filings, derivative actions purporting to be brought on our behalf have been filed in state and federal courts against several of our current and former officers and directors based on the same events alleged in the securities litigation. The complaint in Corwin v. Kaplan, No. C-02-2020 (N.D. Cal.), asserts state law claims for breach of fiduciary duty, misappropriation of confidential information, waste of corporate assets, indemnification, and insider trading. The complaint seeks unspecified damages. No activity has occurred in the Corwin action since our last filing and no trial date has been set.

 

In the California state derivative action, In re JDS Uniphase Corporation Derivative Litigation, Master File No. CV806911 (Santa Clara Super. Ct.), the complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, waste of

 

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corporate assets, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, unjust enrichment, and constructive fraud purportedly on behalf of the Company and certain of its current and former officers and directors. The complaint also asserts claims for violation of California Corporations Code Sections 25402 and 25502.5 against defendants who sold our stock and asserts claims for breach of contract, professional negligence, and negligent misrepresentation against our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Ernst & Young LLP. The complaint seeks unspecified damages. Defendants’ demurrers to the complaint are scheduled to be heard on October 28, 2005. The Court will also hear Defendant Ernst & Young LLP’s motion to compel arbitration of Plaintiffs’ claims against it on October 28, 2005. A case management conference is also scheduled for that day. As noted in our previous filings, the plaintiff in the California state derivative action has issued a shareholder inspection demand that has been disputed by us. The dispute remains unresolved. A case management conference in the shareholder inspection demand action is scheduled for October 28, 2005. No activity has occurred in Cromas v. Straus, Civil Action No. 19580 (Del. Ch. Ct.), the Delaware derivative action, since our last filing.

 

The OCLI and SDL Shareholder Actions:

 

As discussed in our previous filings, plaintiffs purporting to represent the former shareholders of OCLI and SDL have filed suit against the former directors of those companies, asserting that they breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the events alleged in the securities litigation against the Company. The plaintiffs in the OCLI action, Pang v. Dwight, No. 02-231989 (Sonoma Super. Ct.), purport to represent a class of former shareholders of OCLI who exchanged their OCLI shares for JDSU shares when JDSU acquired OCLI. The complaint names the former directors of OCLI as defendants, asserts causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty and breach of the duty of candor, and seeks unspecified damages. No activity has occurred in the OCLI action since our last filing. The plaintiffs in the SDL action, Cook v. Scifres, Master File No. CV814824 (Santa Clara Super. Ct.), purport to represent a class of former shareholders of SDL who exchanged their SDL shares for JDSU shares when the Company acquired SDL. The complaint names the former directors of SDL as defendants, asserts causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty and breach of the duty of disclosure, and seeks unspecified damages. Limited discovery in the SDL action has commenced. No trial date has been set in either the OCLI or SDL action.

 

The ERISA Actions:

 

As discussed in our previous filings, a consolidated action entitled In re JDS Uniphase Corporation ERISA Litigation, Master File No. C-03-4743 CW, is pending in the District Court for the Northern District of California against the Company, certain of its former and current officers and directors, and certain other current and former JDSU employees on behalf of a purported class of participants in the Company’s 401(k) Plan. The complaint in the ERISA action alleges that the defendants violated the Employee Retirement Income Security Act by breaching their fiduciary duties to the Plan and its participants. The complaint alleges a purported class period from February 4, 2000, to the present and seeks an unspecified amount of damages, restitution, a constructive trust, and other equitable remedies. On April 6, 2005, Judge Wilken referred Defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint to Judge Schwarzer. On July 14, 2005, Judge Schwarzer granted the motion in part with leave to amend and denied the motion in part. On July 20, 2005, Judge Wilken issued an order transferring the case for all purposes to Judge Schwarzer. Pursuant to Judge Schwarzer’s order on August 1, 2005, Plaintiffs’ deadline to file a second amended complaint is October 21, 2005.

 

Plaintiffs have begun taking discovery. No trial date has been set.

 

We believe that the factual allegations and circumstances underlying these securities class actions, derivative actions, the OCLI and SDL class actions, and the ERISA class actions are without merit. The expense of defending these lawsuits has been costly, will continue to be costly, and could be quite significant and may not be covered by our insurance policies. The defense of these lawsuits could also result in continued diversion of our management’s time and attention away from business operations which could prove to be time consuming and disruptive to normal business operations. An unfavorable outcome or settlement of this litigation could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.

 

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We are a party to other litigation matters and claims, which are normal in the course of its operations. While the results of such other litigation matters and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we have no current reason to believe that their final outcome will have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity, or results of operations.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

None.

 

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PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol “JDSU” and our exchangeable shares of JDS Uniphase Canada Ltd. are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “JDU.” Holders of exchangeable shares may tender their holdings for common stock on a one-for-one basis at any time. As of August 31, 2005, we had 1,652,154,979 shares of common stock outstanding, including 58,184,798 exchangeable shares. The closing price on August 31, 2005 was $1.58 for the common stock and Canadian $2.30 for the exchangeable shares. The following table summarizes the high and low closing sales prices for our common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market during fiscal 2005 and 2004:

 

     High

   Low

Fiscal 2005:

             

Fourth Quarter

   $ 1.66    $ 1.36

Third Quarter

     3.13      1.60

Second Quarter

     3.56      3.03

First Quarter

     3.56      2.97

Fiscal 2004:

             

Fourth Quarter

   $ 4.48    $ 2.98

Third Quarter

     5.73      3.88

Second Quarter

     4.02      3.13

First Quarter

     4.20      2.85

 

As of August 31, 2005, we had 9,762 holders of record of our common stock and exchangeable shares. We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following tables present selected financial information for each of the last five fiscal years (in millions, except per share data):

 

     Years Ended June 30,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003(4)

    2002(1)

    2001(2)(3)

 

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:

                                        

Net revenue

   $ 712.2     $ 635.9     $ 675.9     $ 1,098.2     $ 3,232.8  

Gross profit (loss)

     125.6       145.8       55.4       (72.9 )     926.1  

Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles (4)

     19.8       16.0       19.8       1,308.7       5,387.0  

Acquired in-process research and development

     1.1       2.6       0.4       25.3       393.2  

Reduction of goodwill and other long-lived assets

     69.8       51.8       393.6       5,979.4       50,085.0  

Restructuring charges

     18.2       11.5       121.3       260.0       264.3  

Total operating expense

     359.9       326.1       956.1       8,211.1       57,273.5  

Loss from operations

     (234.3 )     (180.3 )     (900.7 )     (8,284.0 )     (56,347.4 )

Net loss

     (261.3 )     (115.5 )     (933.8 )     (8,738.3 )     (56,121.9 )

Net loss per share-basic and diluted

   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.08 )   $ (0.66 )   $ (6.50 )   $ (51.40 )

 

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     June 30,

     2005

   2004

   2003

   2002(1)

   2001(2)(3)

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

                                  

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 1,304.5    $ 1,548.7    $ 1,234.1    $ 1,450.4    $ 1,812.2

Working capital

     1,348.4      1,539.5      1,168.4      1,430.5      2,233.0

Total assets

     2,080.4      2,392.2      2,137.8      3,004.5      12,245.4

Long-term obligations

     510.9      508.9      16.3      8.9      18.0

Total stockholders’ equity

   $ 1,329.7    $ 1,571.1    $ 1,671.1    $ 2,471.4    $ 10,706.5

(1) We acquired IBM’s optical transceiver business on December 28, 2001 in a transaction accounted for as a purchase. The Consolidated Statement of Operations for fiscal 2002 included the results of operations of the optical transceiver business subsequent to December 28, 2001 and the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2002 included the financial position of the optical transceiver business.
(2) We acquired SDL on February 13, 2001 in a transaction accounted for as a purchase. The Consolidated Statement of Operations for fiscal 2001 included the results of operations of SDL subsequent to February 13, 2001 and the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2001 included the financial position of SDL.
(3) On February 13, 2001, we completed the sale of our Zurich, Switzerland subsidiary to Nortel for 65.7 million shares of Nortel common stock valued at $1,953.3 million. After adjusting for the net costs of the assets sold and for the expenses associated with the divestiture, we realized a gain of $1,770.2 million from the transaction. We subsequently sold 41.0 million shares of Nortel common stock for total proceeds of $659.2 million, resulting in a realized loss of $559.1 million during fiscal 2001.
(4) Commencing July 1, 2002, in accordance with SFAS 142, we no longer amortize goodwill, but test for impairment of goodwill on an annual basis and at any other time if events occur or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. Fiscal years 2002 and 2001 include goodwill amortization as a component of the expense for amortization of goodwill and other intangibles.

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

OUR INDUSTRIES AND DEVELOPMENTS

 

We are a worldwide leader in optical technology. We design and manufacture products for fiber optic communications, as well as for markets where our core optics technologies provide innovative solutions for industrial, commercial and consumer applications. Our fiber optic components and modules are deployed by system manufacturers for the telecommunications, and data communications industries. We also offer products for display, security, medical/environmental instrumentation, decorative and aerospace and defense applications. We currently employ approximately 5,000 employees at 12 locations, principally located in North America and the People’s Republic of China.

 

Customers for our Communications Products Group consist generally of:

 

    Enterprise and storage equipment providers such as Cisco, Sun Microsystems, Hewlett-Packard, Emulex, QLogic, McData and EMC.

 

    System and equipment providers to the communications network carriers: principally Nortel, Lucent, Alcatel, Ciena, Cisco, Fujitsu, Siemens, and Marconi.

 

We supply a broad portfolio of optical components, modules and subsystems to the equipment and system providers in each of these segments.

 

Our Commercial and Consumer Products Group markets consist generally of:

 

    Display products: optical components and modules used in projection displays.

 

    Custom Optics: medical/environmental instrumentation, high precision coated products, optical sensors for aerospace and defense applications and optical filters for medical instruments.

 

    Light Interference Pigment products: color shifting pigments utilized for security purposes in currencies and other documents, anti-counterfeiting devices and decorative surface treatments.

 

    Lasers: laser subsystems used in biotechnology, graphic arts and imaging, semiconductor processing, material processing and other laser based applications and markets.

 

Overall, our communications markets are notable for, among other things, their high concentration of customers at each level of the industry, extremely long design cycles and increasing competition from Asian (principally China-based) suppliers. One consequence of a highly concentrated customer base and increasing Asian competition is systemic pricing pressure at each level of the industry. Large capital investment requirements, long return on investment periods, uncertain business models and complex and shifting regulatory hurdles, among other things, currently combine to limit opportunities for new carriers and their system suppliers to emerge. Thus, we expect that high customer concentration and its attendant pricing pressure and other effects on our communications markets will remain for the foreseeable future. Long design cycles mean that considerable resources must be spent to design and develop new products with limited visibility relative to the ultimate market opportunity for the products (pricing and volumes) or the timing thereof.

 

As a supplier of components and modules to this industry, we feel the effects most acutely, as system designs must first be initiated at the carrier level, communicated to the systems provider and then communicated to us and our competitors. During system design periods, shifts in economic, industry, customer or consumer conditions could and often do cause redesigns, delays or even cancellations to occur with their concomitant costs to those involved. Communications industry design cycles are often challenging for companies without the financial and infrastructural resources to sustain the long periods between project initiation and revenue realization. Our Commercial and Consumer Products Group, while more diverse, shares some of the customer concentration and design cycle attributes of our communications markets. We are working aggressively on a

 

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strategy to expand our products, customers and distribution channels for several of our core competencies in these areas to, among other things, reduce our exposure to customer concentration and long design cycles across our company.

 

On August 3, 2005, we completed the acquisition of privately held Acterna, Inc. (“Acterna”), a leading worldwide provider of broadband and optical test and measurement (“T&M”) solutions for telecommunications and cable service providers and network equipment manufacturers, for approximately $450.0 million in cash and $310.0 million in JDS Uniphase’s common stock, which equated to approximately 200 million shares. With this acquisition, we become a leading provider of optical communications sub-systems and broadband T&M systems serving an expanded customer base that includes the largest 100 telecommunications and cable service providers, and system manufacturers worldwide. The combined portfolio of products and services are expected to enhance the deployment of Internet Protocol (“IP”)-based data, voice and video services over optical long haul, metro, fiber-to-the-home, DSL and cable networks. Starting the first quarter of fiscal 2006, the addition of Acterna’s T&M business will comprise a new reportable segment to our business.

 

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

SFAS No. 154

 

In June 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements” (“SFAS 154”). The Statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle, and changes the requirements for accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle unless it is impracticable. SFAS 154 requires that a change in method of depreciation, amortization, or depletion for long-lived, non-financial assets be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate that is affected by a change in accounting principle. Opinion 20 previously required that such a change be reported as a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. We do not believe this pronouncement will have a material impact in our financial results.

 

EITF No. 05-6

 

In June 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) issued No. 05-6, “Determining the Amortization Period for Leasehold Improvements” (“EITF 05-6”). The pronouncement requires that leasehold improvements acquired in a business combination or purchase, subsequent to the inception of the lease, should be amortized over the lesser of the useful life of the asset or the lease term that includes reasonably assured lease renewals as determined on the date of the acquisition of the leasehold improvement. This pronouncement should be applied prospectively, and we will adopt it during the first quarter of fiscal 2006. We do not have unamortized leasehold improvements from acquisitions or business combinations and therefore, do not believe this pronouncement will have an impact on our financial results.

 

SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB 107

 

In December of 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, “Share-Based Payment (Revised 2004)” (“SFAS 123(R)”). SFAS 123(R) requires us to measure all employee share-based compensation awards using a fair value based method, estimate award forfeitures, and record the share-based compensation expense in our consolidated statements of operations if the requisite service to earn the award is provided. In addition, the adoption of SFAS 123(R) will require additional accounting related to the income tax effects and additional disclosure regarding the cash flow effects resulting from share-based payment arrangements. SFAS 123(R) is effective beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2006. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”) relating to the adoption of SFAS 123(R).

 

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We plan to use the modified prospective transition method and Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) model to adopt this new standard and expect the adoption will have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations. We anticipate that upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), we will recognize share-based compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. For the historical impact of share-based compensation expense, see “Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” Uncertainties, including our future share-based compensation strategy, stock price volatility, estimated forfeitures and employee stock option exercise behavior, make it difficult to determine whether the share-based compensation expense that we will incur in future periods will be similar to the SFAS 123 pro forma expense disclosed in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the amount of stock-based compensation expense to be incurred in future periods will be reduced by our acceleration of certain unvested and “out-of-the-money” stock options in fiscal 2005 as disclosed in “Note 11. Employee Benefit Plans” of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

SFAS No. 153

 

In December of 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 153, “Exchanges of Non-monetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29” (“SFAS 153”). SFAS 153 addresses the measurement of exchanges of non-monetary assets and redefines the scope of transactions that should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. SFAS 153 is effective for non-monetary asset exchanges beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2006. We do not believe adoption of SFAS 153 will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

FSP No. FAS 109-2

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-2, “Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004” (“FSP FAS 109-2”). The American Jobs Creation Act introduces a special one-time dividends received deduction on the repatriation of certain foreign earnings to a U.S. taxpayer (repatriation provision), provided certain criteria are met. We currently have no plans to avail ourselves of these provisions.

 

SFAS No. 151

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 151, “Inventory Costs—An Amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4” (“SFAS 151”). SFAS 151 clarifies treatment of abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and spoilage, specifying that such costs should be expensed as incurred and not included in overhead. The new statement also requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to conversion costs should be based on normal capacity of the production facilities. The provisions in SFAS 151 are effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. Companies must apply the standard prospectively. We do not believe the impact of this new standard will have a material effect on our financial statements or results of operations.

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, net revenue and expenses, and the related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience, our knowledge of economic and market factors and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements are, by their nature, uncertain and unpredictable, and depend upon, among other things, many factors outside of our control, such as demand for our products and economic conditions. Accordingly, our estimates and judgments may prove to be incorrect and actual results may differ, perhaps significantly, from these estimates under different estimates, assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies are

 

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affected by significant estimates, assumptions and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition: We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of a final agreement exists, delivery has occurred, the selling price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Revenue recognition on the shipment of evaluation units is generally deferred until customer acceptance. Revenue from sales to distributors with rights of return, price protection or stock rotation is not recognized until the products are sold through to end customers. Generally, revenue associated with contract cancellation payments from customers is not recognized until we receive payment for such charges.

 

We record provisions against our gross revenue for estimated product returns and allowances in the period when the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on factors that include, but are not limited to, historical sales returns, analyses of credit activities, current economic trends and changes in our customers’ demand. Should our actual product returns and allowances exceed our estimates, additional provisions against our revenue would result.

 

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts: We perform credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. We record our bad debt expenses as selling, general and administrative expenses. When we become aware that a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations to us, for example, as a result of bankruptcy or deterioration in the customer’s operating results or financial position, we record a specific allowance to reflect the level of credit risk in the customer’s outstanding receivable balance. In addition, we record additional allowances based on certain percentages of our aged receivable balances. These percentages are determined by a variety of factors including, but not limited to, current economic trends, historical payment and bad debt write-off experience. We are not able to predict changes in the financial condition of our customers, and if circumstances related to our customers deteriorate, our estimates of the recoverability of our trade receivables could be materially affected and we may be required to record additional allowances. Alternatively, if we provide more allowances than we need, we may reverse a portion of such provisions in future periods based on our actual collection experience.

 

Investments: We hold equity interests in both publicly traded and privately held companies. When the carrying value of an investment exceeds its fair value and the decline in value is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we write down the value of the investment and establish a new cost basis. Fair values for investments in public companies are determined using quoted market prices. Fair values for investments in privately held companies are estimated based upon one or more of the following but not limited to: Assessment of the investees’ historical and forecasted financial condition; operating results and cash flows; the values of recent rounds of financing; and quoted market prices of comparable public companies. We regularly evaluate our investments based on criteria that include, but are not limited to, the duration and extent to which the fair value has been less than the carrying value, the current economic environment and the duration of any market decline, and the financial health and business outlook of the investees. We generally believe an other-than-temporary decline occurs when the fair value of an investment is below the carrying value for six consecutive months. Future adverse changes in these or other factors could result in an other-than-temporary decline in the value of our investments, thereby requiring us to write down such investments. Our ability to liquidate our investment positions in privately held companies will be affected to a significant degree by the lack of an actively traded market, and we may not be able to dispose of these investments in a timely manner.

 

Inventory Valuation: We assess the value of our inventory on a quarterly basis and write-down those inventories which are obsolete or in excess of our forecasted usage to their estimated realizable value. Our estimates of realizable value are based upon our analysis and assumptions including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product lifecycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. Our marketing department plays a key role in our excess review process by providing updated sales forecasts, managing product rollovers and working with manufacturing to maximize recovery of excess

 

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inventory. If actual market conditions are less favorable than our forecasts or actual demand from our customers is lower than our estimates, we may be required to record additional inventory write downs. If actual market conditions are more favorable than anticipated, inventory previously written down may be sold, resulting in lower cost of sales and higher income from operations than expected in that period.

 

Goodwill Valuation: We test goodwill for possible impairment on an annual basis and at any other time if events occur or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. Circumstances that could trigger an impairment test include but are not limited to: a significant adverse change in the business climate or legal factors; an adverse action or assessment by a regulator; unanticipated competition; loss of key personnel; the likelihood that a reporting unit or significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or otherwise disposed; results of testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit; and recognition of a goodwill impairment loss in the financial statements of a subsidiary that is a component of a reporting unit.

 

The determination as to whether a write down of goodwill is necessary involves significant judgment based on the short-term and long-term projections of the future performance of the reporting unit to which the goodwill is attributed. The assumptions supporting the estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit, including the discount rate used and estimated terminal value reflect our best estimates.

 

Long-lived asset valuation (property, plant and equipment and intangible assets):

 

Long-lived assets held and used

 

We test long-lived assets or asset groups for recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: Significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed of significantly before the end of its estimated useful life.

 

Recoverability is assessed based on the carrying amounts of the asset and its fair value which is generally determined based on the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and the eventual disposal of the asset, as well as specific appraisals in certain instances. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.

 

Long-lived assets held for sale

 

We classify long-lived assets as held for sale when certain criteria are met, including: Management’s commitment to a plan to sell the assets; the availability of the assets for immediate sale in their present condition; whether an active program to locate buyers and other actions to sell the assets has been initiated; whether the sale of the assets is probable and their transfer is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year; whether the assets are being marketed at reasonable prices in relation to their fair value; and how unlikely it is that significant changes will be made to the plan to sell the assets. Long-lived assets held for sale are classified as other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

We measure long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale at the lower of carrying amounts or fair value less cost to sell. Fair value is determined using quoted market prices or the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved.

 

Deferred Taxes: We regularly assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be realized from recoverable income taxes or recovered from future taxable income, and we record a valuation allowance to

 

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reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that we believe to be more likely than not realizable. Due to the uncertain economic conditions in our industry, we have recorded deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2005 and June 30, 2004 only to the extent of certain offsetting deferred tax liabilities.

 

Warranty Accrual: We provide reserves for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. We estimate the costs of our warranty obligations based on our historical experience of known product failure rates, use of materials to repair or replace defective products and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures. In addition, from time to time, specific warranty accruals may be made if unforeseen technical problems arise. Should our actual experience relative to these factors differ from our estimates, we may be required to record additional warranty reserves. Alternatively, if we provide more reserves than we need, we may reverse a portion of such provisions in future periods.

 

Restructuring Accrual: In April 2001, we began to implement formalized restructuring programs based on our business strategies and economic outlook and recorded significant charges in connection with our Global Realignment Program. In connection with these plans, we have recorded estimated expenses for severance and outplacement costs, lease cancellations, asset write-offs and other restructuring costs. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (“SFAS 146”), generally costs associated with restructuring activities initiated after December 31, 2002 have been recognized when they are incurred rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan. However, in the case of leases, the expense is estimated and accrued when the property is vacated. Given the significance of, and the timing of the execution of such activities, this process is complex and involves periodic reassessments of estimates made at the time the original decisions were made, including evaluating real estate market conditions for expected vacancy periods and sub-lease rents. In addition, post-employment benefits accrued for workforce reductions related to restructuring activities initiated after December 31, 2002 are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 112, “Employer’s Accounting for Post-employment Benefits” (“SFAS 112”). A liability for post-employment benefits is recorded when payment is probable, the amount is reasonably estimable, and the obligation relates to rights that have vested or accumulated. We continually evaluate the adequacy of the remaining liabilities under our restructuring initiatives. Although we believe that these estimates accurately reflect the costs of our restructuring plans, actual results may differ, thereby requiring us to record additional provisions or reverse a portion of such provisions.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The results of operations for the current period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for future years. The following table sets forth the components of our Consolidated Statements of Operations as a percentage of net revenue:

 

     Years Ended June 30,

 
     2005

    2004

    2003

 

Net revenue

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Cost of sales

   82.4     77.1     91.8  
    

 

 

Gross profit

   17.6     22.9     8.2  
    

 

 

Operating expenses:

                  

Research and development

   13.2     15.7     22.7  

Selling, general and administrative

   22.1     22.8     39.5  

Amortization of other intangibles

   2.8     2.5     2.9  

Acquired in-process research and development

   0.2     0.4     0.1  

Reduction of goodwill

   7.5     —       33.5  

Reduction of other other intangibles and other long-lived assets

   2.2     8.1     24.9  

Restructuring charges

   2.5     1.8     17.9  
    

 

 

Total operating expenses

   50.5     51.3     141.5  
    

 

 

Loss from operations

   (32.9 )   (28.4 )   (133.3 )

Interest and other, net

   (2.7 )   3.6     4.8  

Loss on sale of subsidiaries’ assets

   (0.6 )   —       (0.3 )

Gain on sale of investments

   2.8     6.5     0.6  

Reduction in fair value of investments

   (1.3 )   (0.6 )   (6.7 )

Loss on equity method investments

   (1.0 )   (1.3 )   (1.3 )
    

 

 

Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of an accounting change

   (35.7 )   (20.2 )   (136.2 )

Income tax expense (benefit)

   1.0     (2.5 )   2.0  
    

 

 

Loss before cumulative effect of an accounting change

   (36.7 )   (17.7 )   (138.2 )

Cumulative effect of an accounting change

   —       (0.5 )   —    
    

 

 

Net loss

   (36.7 )%   (18.2 )%   (138.2 )%
    

 

 

 

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Financial Data for Fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003:

 

The following table summarizes selected Consolidated Statement of Operations items (in millions, except for percentages):

 

     2005

    2004

    Change

    Percentage
Change


    2004

    2003

    Change

    Percentage
Change


 

Net revenue

   $ 712.2     $ 635.9     $ 76.3     12 %   $ 635.9     $ 675.9     $ (40.0 )   -6 %

Gross profit

   $ 125.6     $ 145.8     $ (20.2 )   -14 %   $ 145.8     $ 55.4     $ 90.4     163 %

Percentage of net revenue

     18 %     23 %                   23 %     8 %              

Research and development

   $ 93.7     $ 99.5     $ (5.8 )   -6 %   $ 99.5     $ 153.7     $ (54.2 )   -35 %

Percentage of net revenue

     13 %     16 %                   16 %     23 %              

Selling, general and administrative

   $ 157.3     $ 144.7     $ 12.6     9 %   $ 144.7     $ 267.3     $ (122.6 )   -46 %

Percentage of net revenue

     22 %     23 %                   23 %     40 %              

Amortization of other intangibles

   $ 19.8     $ 16.0     $ 3.8     24 %   $ 16.0     $ 19.8     $ (3.8 )   -19 %

Percentage of net revenue

     3 %     3 %                   3 %     3 %              

Acquired in-process research and development

   $ 1.1     $ 2.6     $ (1.5 )   -58 %   $ 2.6     $ 0.4     $ 2.2     550 %

Percentage of net revenue

     0 %     0 %                   0 %     0 %              

Reduction of goodwill

   $ 53.7     $ —       $ 53.7     100 %   $ —       $ 225.7     $ (225.7 )   -100 %

Percentage of net revenue

     8 %     0 %                   0 %     33 %              

Reduction of other long-lived assets

   $ 16.1     $ 51.8     $ (35.7 )   -69 %   $ 51.8     $ 167.9     $ (116.1 )   -69 %

Percentage of net revenue

     2 %     8 %                   8 %     25 %              

Restructuring charges

   $ 18.2     $ 11.5     $ 6.7     58 %   $ 11.5     $ 121.3     $ (109.8 )   -91 %

Percentage of net revenue

     3 %     2 %                   2 %     18 %              

 

Net Revenue:

 

Our net revenue increased by $76.3 million from fiscal 2004 to fiscal 2005. The increase in net revenue between fiscal 2004 and 2005 is mainly related to higher demand for products in our Communications Products Group (“CPG”), which had net revenue increase by $104.8 million year over year. The increase in CPG net revenue was primarily due to increased revenues from one of its main product lines, the subsystem group. Specific products that grew were the wavelength blocker, switch products, and the optical pumps product. This increase in net revenue was partially offset by a $28.5 million decrease in our Commercial and Consumer Products Group (“CCPG”) net revenue. This decrease was primarily due to rapidly declining revenue during fiscal 2005 from our micro display window products. We have terminated these product lines and are not anticipating meaningful revenue from such products in the future. In CCPG, the decline in net revenue was partially offset by revenue from solid state laser products from the Lightwave product portfolio, which we acquired in May 2005.

 

The decline in net revenue between fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2004 reflects a decrease in revenue from order cancellations (from $32.3 million in fiscal 2003 to $0.4 million in fiscal 2004), primarily in our CPG net revenue, overall lower demand for our communications products and lower average selling prices for these products. We also experienced a decline in our CCPG net revenue, primarily due to declines in our display revenue. The declines were partially offset by the inclusion of approximately $3.5 million in net revenue from E2O Communications (“E2O”) acquisition completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004.

 

In the last few quarters, we have eliminated, or initiated programs to eliminate, certain of our product lines (through divestiture and end of life programs), such as our CATV, micro display window products and front surface mirrors product lines. These actions have eliminated revenue streams from our business. If we do not replace revenue from divested or discontinued products with revenue from other product sales, our future revenues will decline.

 

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For our continuing portfolio, notwithstanding our net revenue improvement in fiscal 2005, the overall business climate continues to be hampered by limited visibility and strong, unpredictable pricing pressures across our portfolio, particularly in our CPG products. Nevertheless, our revenue expectations are based in part on our expectations for demand and pricing trends from existing products and new products from acquisitions. If we are incorrect in our assumptions, our revenue will decline. Also, the mix of revenues in any quarter continues to be driven by changes in demand from a small number of customers (particularly our communications customers) whose demands often vary quarter to quarter, thus limiting our predictability and performance expectations. We continue to encounter multiple and systemic execution challenges including yield, delivery and performance issues with our newer products, as well as concerns related to our ability to procure the required quantity and quality of parts from single and sole source suppliers, many of which are limited in size and financial resources. These challenges are exacerbated by the multiple cost reduction programs (including product transfers, end of life programs and site consolidations) for which we are currently engaged and which we expect to continue for the foreseeable future. The result is continuing product delivery uncertainty, yield and quality problems, systems strain and related customer dissatisfaction. Improving our overall execution will be a major priority for the foreseeable future. If we do not improve our execution and product quality, our operating results could be significantly harmed.

 

We operate primarily in three geographic regions: Americas, Europe and Asia. The following table presents net revenue by geographic regions (in millions):

 

     Years Ended June 30,

     2005

   2004

   2003

Net revenue:

                    

Americas

   $ 466.6    $ 406.9    $ 474.6

Europe

     132.4      124.1      113.0

Asia-Pacific

     113.2      104.9      88.3
    

  

  

Total net revenue

   $ 712.2    $ 635.9    $ 675.9
    

  

  

 

Net revenue from customers outside the Americas represented 34%, 36%, and 30% of net revenue for the fiscal years ended 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. Net revenue was assigned to geographic regions based on the customers’ shipment locations. We expect revenue from international customers to continue to be an important part of our overall net revenue and an increasing focus for net revenue growth.

 

During fiscal 2005 and 2004, no customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenue. During fiscal 2003, Texas Instruments (a CCPG customer) accounted for 12% of net revenue.

 

Gross Profit:

 

The decrease in gross profit from fiscal 2004 to fiscal 2005 was principally due to (i) declining average selling prices across much of the portfolio, but most particularly in the CPG products; (ii) higher overhead absorption variances primarily due to lower utilization in CCPG resulting from the discontinuance of several products and additional costs related to product transition activities; (iii) product mix shift to generally lower margin CPG products (which grew in fiscal 2005 to 59% of net revenues as compared to 50% of net revenue in fiscal 2004), from generally higher margin CCPG products, due most notably to the decline and end of life of our micro display window products; and (iv) reduced net benefit from change in inventory reserves due to a reduction of $4.2 million in the sale of fully reserved inventory from $44.1 million in fiscal 2004 to $39.9 million in fiscal 2005.

 

The improvement in gross profit between fiscal 2003 and 2004 was due to (i) a decline in personnel-related expenses of approximately $64.3 million as a result of workforce reductions, site closures, product transfers to both lower cost locations and contract manufacturers; (ii) $29.8 million of write-downs of excess and obsolete inventories, as compared to $60.1 million in fiscal 2003; (iii) a decline in depreciation of $19.5 million due to the

 

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write-downs of property, plant and equipment as a result of our impairment reviews and the removal and disposal of property, plant and equipment under our restructuring programs; (iv) a reduction in acquisition related stock-based compensation charges of $17.2 million; (v) a reduction in facilities and occupancy related costs of approximately $16.7 million; (vi) a reduction in royalty expense of $11.4 million; and (vii) reclassification to R&D of $4.5 million of expenses, previously included in cost of goods sold to better reflect the activities being performed. These favorable impacts to gross profit were partially offset by the following: (i) a decrease in the consumption of previously reserved excess or obsolete inventory of $23.3 million from $67.4 million in 2003 to $44.1 million in 2004; (ii) contract cancellation revenue of $0.4 million in fiscal 2004, compared to $32.3 million in fiscal 2003; and (iii) continued decline in average selling prices of our products resulting from continuing pricing pressures from our customers.

 

Looking ahead, we are engaged in a number of programs (including product transfers to lower-cost Asian manufacturing locations, end of life programs, divestitures and site consolidations) intended to bring significant, sustainable improvements to our gross profits. We have recently provided forecasts for the cost savings we anticipate to achieve from these programs. These savings are dependent upon a number of uncertainties, such as our ability to complete our programs as and when expected, and the cost savings we actually achieve, if any, may be materially less than those forecasted.

 

On an ongoing basis, our gross profits continue to be challenged by strong and uncertain pricing pressures across our portfolio, shifting mix from our generally higher margin CCPG products to our lower margin CPG products, systemic internal execution and supply chain management concerns and under-utilization of our facilities. Many of our newer products, such as ROADMs, optical switches, and high speed transponders are encountering significant yield, performance and delivery problems. In addition, our CPG products are frequently dependent upon one or more sole-source parts vendors, which are often small enterprises with scale and financial concerns. All of these “execution” issues have negatively impacted and could continue to negatively impact our gross profit. We expect gross profit pressures to remain for the foreseeable future and in particular expect pricing pressures, product mix, factory under-utilization, factory transitions, and new product issues to create variability in our gross margins. In the foreseeable future, actions designed to improve our gross margins (through product mix improvements, cost reductions associated with product transfers and product rationalization, and yield and quality improvements, among other things) will be a principal focus for us.

 

Research and Development (“R&D”):

 

R&D expenses for fiscal 2005 of $93.7 million were a decrease of $5.8 million when compared to fiscal 2004. The decrease in R&D was mainly related to reduced headcount in both product groups. The CPG expenses were lower by $2.8 million when compared to fiscal 2004. These savings were due to lower headcount and lower R&D material expenses as a result of centralizing development groups and divesting of product lines including CATV and Vitrocom communications products. The CCPG expenses were higher by $1.3 million when compared to fiscal 2004. The group’s higher R&D materials, used primarily for investment in coating technology associated with the “U-Class” project, were partially offset by lower headcount and related expenses compared to the prior year. Our total headcount for R&D declined from 647 at the end of fiscal 2004 to 532 at the end of fiscal 2005.

 

The $54.2 million decrease in R&D from fiscal 2003 to fiscal and 2004 was attributable to (i) a decline in R&D materials of $24.2 million due primarily to the consolidation of sites performing R&D; (ii) a decline in personnel-related expenses of approximately $10.5 million as a result of workforce reductions, site closures and other cost cutting measures; (iii) a decline in acquisition related stock-based compensation charges of $10.4 million; (iv) a decline of approximately $5.6 million for facilities and occupancy related expenses due to the write-downs of property, plant and equipment as a result of our quarterly impairment reviews, site consolidations and the removal and disposal of property, plant and equipment; and (v) a decline of $1.6 million in charges other than restructuring associated with the Global Realignment Program. These decreases were offset in part by a reclassification to research and development of $4.5 million of expense, previously included in cost of goods sold, to better reflect the activities being performed.

 

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We believe that investment in R&D is critical to attaining our strategic objectives. Historically, we have devoted significant engineering resources to assist with production, quality and delivery challenges which have had some negative impact on our new product development activities. Despite our continued efforts to reduce total operating expenses, there can be no assurance that our R&D expenses will continue to remain at the current level. In addition, there can be no assurance that such expenditures will be successful or that improved processes or commercial products, at acceptable volumes and pricing, will result from our investment in R&D.

 

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”):

 

SG&A expenses for fiscal 2005 of $157.3 million were an increase of $12.6 million when compared to fiscal 2004. The increase in SG&A expenses was mainly due to higher expenses in the corporate functions, principally a $9.1 million increase in legal expenses associated with stockholder and other litigation costs and business support activities and a $4.7 million increase in audit and consulting costs associated with a number of projects including Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, reviews of accounting transactions, and strategic planning. These increases in expenses were partially offset by lower compensation and compensation related costs due to lower headcount and the reduction in the reserve for uncollectible receivables due to the reduction in delinquent customer accounts.

 

The decrease in SG&A between fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2004 was primarily due to: (i) a decline of $42.8 million of charges other than restructuring associated with our Global Realignment Program; (ii) a reduction in facility and occupancy related costs of approximately $33.4 million due to the write-downs of property, plant and equipment as a result of our quarterly impairment reviews, site consolidations and the removal and disposal of property, plant and equipment; (iii) a decline in acquisition related stock compensation charges of $21.4 million; and (iv) a decline in personnel-related expenses of approximately $19.9 million resulting from workforce reductions, site closures and other cost cutting measures implemented. These expense reductions were offset in part by increases in Sarbanes-Oxley compliance costs.

 

We intend to continually address our SG&A expenses and reduce these expenses as and when opportunities arise. We caution, however, that we have in the recent past experienced, and expect to continue to experience in the future, certain non-core expenses, such as litigation and dispute related settlements and accruals, which could increase our SG&A expenses, and impair our profitability expectations, in any particular quarter. None of these non-core expenses, however, are expected to have a material adverse impact on our financial condition. Also, we expect to continue to incur additional SG&A expenses as we continue to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, in particular, Section 404 thereof, and continue to invest in personnel strategic to our business. There can be no assurance that we will develop a cost structure (including our SG&A expense), which will lead to profitability under current and expected revenue levels.

 

Amortization of Other Intangibles:

 

The increase in amortization expense between fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 was mainly due to the increase in our intangible assets subject to amortization as a result of recent acquisitions of E2O, ADO, Lightwave and PPS.

 

The decrease between fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2004 were primarily due to the impairment charges recorded in fiscal 2001 through fiscal 2003 reducing the carrying amount of purchased intangibles for amortization. Refer to the “Reduction of Other Long-Lived Assets” section below for further discussion of the impairment charges related to our purchased intangibles.

 

Acquired In-Process Research and Development:

 

In fiscal 2005, we recorded charges of $1.1 million for acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) in connection with our acquisition of Lightwave. In fiscal 2004, we recorded charges of $2.6 million for IPR&D in connection with our acquisition of E2O. In fiscal 2003, we recorded $0.4 million for acquired

 

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IPR&D in connection with our acquisition of OptronX. These amounts were expensed on the acquisition dates as the acquired technology had not yet reached technological feasibility. There can be no assurance that acquisition of businesses, products or technologies in the future will not result in substantial charges for acquired IPR&D.

 

Reduction of Goodwill:

 

As part of our quarterly review of financial results, we determine if there are indicators that the carrying value of our goodwill may not be recoverable. We test for impairment of goodwill on an annual basis and at any other time if events occur or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable (see “Note 12. Reduction of Goodwill” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

 

In fiscal 2005, we recorded $53.7 million of impairment charges. As part of our annual impairment analysis as of May 1, 2005, we noted that the carrying value of our long-term assets, including goodwill, may not be recoverable and performed an additional impairment review. Under the first step of the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”) analysis, the fair value of a reporting unit was determined. Based on that analysis, we determined that the carrying amount of a reporting unit within the CCPG exceeded its fair value. We performed the second step analysis to determine the amount of the impairment loss.

 

We did not identify any impairment indicators during fiscal 2004.

 

In fiscal 2003, we recorded $225.7 million of impairment charges. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, we noted indicators that the carrying value of our long-term assets including goodwill may not be recoverable and performed an additional impairment review. Under the first step of the SFAS 142 analysis, the fair value of the reporting units was determined. Based on that analysis, we determined that the carrying amount of the reporting units within the CPG exceeded their fair value. We performed the second step analysis to determine the amount of the impairment loss.

 

Reduction of Other Long-Lived Assets:

 

During fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, we recorded the following reductions in the carrying value of our other long-lived assets:

 

     2005

   2004

   Change

    2004

   2003

   Change

 

Assets held and used:

                                            

Purchased intangibles (other than goodwill)

   $ 4.5    $ —      $ 4.5     $ —      $ 68.6    $ (68.6 )

Property, plant, equipment and other

     0.7      16.4      (15.7 )     16.4      79.1      (62.7 )

Assets held for sale:

                                            

Property, plant and equipment

     10.9      35.4      (24.5 )     35.4      20.2      15.2  
    

  

  


 

  

  


Total reductions of other long-lived assets

   $ 16.1    $ 51.8    $ (35.7 )   $ 51.8    $ 167.9    $ (116.1 )
    

  

  


 

  

  


 

Fiscal 2005 Charges:

 

Assets Held and Used:

 

We noted indicators during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 that the carrying value of our long-lived assets, including purchased intangibles recorded in connection with our various acquisitions and property, plant and equipment, may not be recoverable and performed an impairment review in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”). We evaluated the recoverability of our long-lived assets and recorded impairment charges based on the amounts by which the carrying amounts of these assets exceeded their fair value. For purchased intangibles, fair value was determined based on discounted future cash flows for the operating entities that had

 

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separately identifiable cash flows. For tangible fixed assets, we valued these assets that were subject to impairment using specific appraisals. As a result of the review, we reduced the value of certain manufacturing equipment related to the front surface mirror and DLP microdisplay window programs in our Santa Rosa facility by $0.7 million to zero and purchased intangibles from ADO by $4.5 million to zero.

 

Assets Held for Sale:

 

During fiscal 2005, we adjusted the carrying value of our Ottawa facility held for sale. In accordance with SFAS 144, we recorded total impairment charges of $10.9 million related to the Ottawa facility, which was later sold in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 for $23.5 million. In addition, in fiscal 2005 we have classified our Melbourne facility as being held for sale and no impairment charges were required.

 

Fiscal 2004 Charges:

 

Assets Held and Used:

 

During fiscal 2004, in accordance with SFAS 144, we reduced the estimated realizable value of certain manufacturing equipment by $7.7 million and of certain other assets by $3.7 million. In addition, as a result of the adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 46 “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities an Interpretation of ARB No. 51 (revised December 2003)” (“FIN 46R”) with respect to two properties under a synthetic lease agreement, we recognized a $5.0 million impairment charge related to our Melbourne, Florida property.

 

Assets Held for Sale:

 

During fiscal 2004, we classified certain properties as assets held for sale, primarily our Ottawa facility. In accordance with SFAS 144, we recorded total impairment charges of $35.4 million, representing the amount by which the carrying value of the properties exceeded estimated fair value less cost to sell.

 

Fiscal 2003 Charges:

 

Assets Held and Used:

 

We noted indicators during the first quarter of fiscal 2003 that the carrying value of our long-lived assets, including purchased intangibles recorded in connection with our various acquisitions and property, plant and equipment, may not be recoverable and performed an impairment review in accordance with SFAS 144. We evaluated the recoverability of our long-lived assets and recorded impairment charges based on the amounts by which the carrying amounts of these assets exceeded their fair value. For purchased intangibles, fair value was determined based on discounted future cash flows for the operating entities that had separately identifiable cash flows. For tangible fixed assets, we valued these assets that were subject to impairment using specific appraisals.

 

During the rest of fiscal 2003, we noted no impairment indicators in connection with our long-lived assets held and used, and accordingly, a test of recoverability of our long-lived assets was not required for these periods.

 

Assets Held for Sale:

 

During the third quarter and fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, we classified certain property, plant and equipment intended to be disposed of within a twelve month period as assets held for sale. In accordance with SFAS 144, we recorded an impairment charge of $13.3 million, representing the amount by which their carrying value exceeds fair value less cost to sell. During the first quarter of fiscal 2003, we classified certain property and equipment as assets held for sale in connection with the sales of our Sifam and Cronos subsidiaries and recorded total impairment charges of $6.9 million.

 

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Restructuring and Other Related Charges:

 

In April 2001, we initiated the Global Realignment Program (“GRP”), under which we began restructuring our business in response to the economic downturn and focused on large-scale site and employee reductions. Implementation of the GRP was substantially completed in the second quarter of fiscal 2004. Subsequently, we have actively sought opportunities to further reduce costs through targeted, customer driven restructuring events intended to reduce our footprint and rationalize the manufacture of our products based on core competencies and cost efficiencies. Restructure activities entered into through the second quarter of 2004 are described under the GRP, while activities beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2004 are described under Restructuring Actions.

 

During fiscal 2005, we developed plans to consolidate a portion of our North American and Asian manufacturing operations into JDSU facilities in China or transfer the production to third party manufacturers. These actions created restructuring charges of approximately $14.8 million, of which approximately $10.0 million charges incurred to date were related to facilities in Ewing and Mountain Lakes, New Jersey and Santa Rosa, California, primarily related to severance and benefits associated with employee terminations or notification of termination. These terminations accounted for approximately 500 employees in North America, 4 employees in Europe, and 389 employees in Asia. During fiscal 2005, we also recorded adjustments to GRP lease charges of approximately $3.4 million due to changes in estimated sublease income on restructured properties.

 

In the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2004, we initiated two restructuring activities to discontinue technology and manufacturing from our Japan operation and to streamline certain functions in North America. These actions resulted in restructuring charges of approximately $5.6 million, primarily related to severance and benefits associated with employee terminations or notification of termination. These terminations accounted for 106 employees in North America and 31 in Asia.

 

The restructuring activities included in the above actions are expected to be completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 and, when fully implemented, we anticipate quarterly cost savings of approximately $20.0 million when compared to the operating results for the third fiscal quarter of 2005.

 

From April 2001 through the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2004, we implemented nine phases of restructuring activities under the GRP. These activities were in response to the economic downturn and continued realignment of our business toward customer driven productivity. Through June 30, 2005, we have recorded total related restructuring charges of $659.0 million, before net cumulative adjustments of ($6.8) million (of which $3.4 million, $5.9 million, and $121.3 million were recorded in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively), and terminated 19,892 employees. In addition, we have incurred charges other than restructuring of $493.4 million, mostly related to the GRP (of which $11.7 million, $6.8 million, and $55.7 million were recorded in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively). Please refer to “Note 14. Restructuring and Global Realignment” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a detailed discussion on these charges associated with our Restructuring Programs.

 

We are consolidating and reducing our manufacturing, research and development, sales and administrative facilities in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. Since April 2001, we have closed 38 sites. We are continuously reviewing our operating needs and pursuing opportunities to eliminate duplicative operations or infrastructure, transfer manufacturing and product lines to more optimal internal locations or, in many cases, to independent contract manufacturers, dispose of unnecessary assets, centralize functions, improve our governance and systems, and, as necessary, streamline our employee base.

 

As of June 30, 2005, our total restructuring obligations were approximately $46.2 million net of sublease income or lease settlement estimates of approximately $10.0 million. Our ability to generate sublease income, as well as our ability to terminate lease obligations at the amounts estimated, is highly dependent upon the economic conditions, particularly commercial real estate market conditions in certain geographies, at the time we negotiate the lease termination and sublease arrangements with third parties as well as the performances by such third parties of their respective obligations. While the amount we have accrued represents the best estimate of the

 

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remaining obligations we expect to incur in connection with these plans, estimates are subject to change. Routine adjustments are required and may be required in the future as conditions and facts change through the implementation period. Amounts related to the lease expense, net of anticipated sublease proceeds, will be paid over the respective lease terms through fiscal 2016.

 

The actions under the GRP and other restructuring actions may not be successful in achieving the expected cost reductions or expected other benefits and may not align our operations with customer demand and the changes affecting our industry, or may be more costly or extensive than currently anticipated. Realizing the cost reductions and other financial benefits from the programs and other actions taken may not necessarily result in us achieving profitability due to other factors including product mix, declining prices, and revenue levels.

 

Interest and Other, Net:

 

Interest and other income and expense decreased $42.4 million from income of $22.7 million in fiscal 2004 to expense of $19.7 million in fiscal 2005 primarily due to i) higher exchange losses arising from the following activities: Settlement of intercompany balance between Corporate and its Canadian subsidiary for $12.9 million, settlement of a foreign lease liability for $2.7 million, and the write off of currency translation adjustments related to substantially liquidated subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, and Taiwan of $16.9 million, and ii) loss of $10.9 million on the disposal of certain assets from our Ottawa facility.

 

The decrease of $9.8 million between fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2004 was primarily attributable to lower interest rates on invested cash balances and reduced gains on the disposal of certain assets. In addition, amortization of the cost incurred for the issuance of our Convertible Debt in October 2003 will reduce net interest income by approximately $2.5 million per fiscal year. See “Note 7. Convertible Debt and Letters of Credit” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the convertible debt.

 

Loss on Sale of Subsidiaries’ Assets:

 

In fiscal 2005, we completed the sale of Casix, a subsidiary located in Fuzhou, China, and our precision glass business located in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey to Fabrinet and our CATV business to Emcore. We recorded a total loss related to these disposals of $4.7 million. The sales were part of management’s continuing efforts to reduce our footprint and rationalize the existing manufacture of our products based on core competencies and cost efficiencies.

 

In fiscal 2003, we completed the sale of all or significantly all of the assets of three subsidiaries located in Billerica, Massachusetts, Raleigh, North Carolina and Torquay, United Kingdom, and recognized a net loss of $2.2 million from the transactions.

 

Gain on Sale of Investments:

 

The gain of $20.0 million in fiscal 2005 was primarily the result of the sale of marketable public securities in Nortel common stock, which were received in the sale of our Zurich facility to Nortel in fiscal 2001. Other gains were realized from the sale of common stock in Cisco, Adept, and ADVA, offset by losses from fixed income securities. The fair value of our marketable equity securities at June 30, 2005 is approximately $13.5 million. See “Note 4. Investments” for more details.

 

The gain of $41.2 million in fiscal 2004 was primarily the result of the sale of Nortel common stock. In fiscal 2003, we recognized total gains of $4.0 million, primarily from sales of certain non-marketable equity securities and fixed income securities.

 

Reduction in Fair Value of Investments:

 

We periodically review our investments for impairment. When the carrying value of an investment exceeds the fair value and the decline in fair value is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we write down the value of the

 

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investment to its fair value. The write-downs in fiscal 2005 consisted of $8.4 million related to the decline in fair value of various non-marketable equity securities and $0.8 million related to other available-for-sale investments. The write-downs in fiscal 2004 consisted of $3.8 million related to the decline in fair value of various non-marketable equity securities. The write-downs in fiscal 2003 consisted of $25.0 million related to the decline in fair value of our investment in Adept and $20.4 million related to other non-marketable equity securities.

 

Should the fair value of our investments decline in the future, we may be required to record additional charges if the decline is determined to be other-than-temporary. The carrying amount of our non-marketable investments was $29.2 million on June 30, 2005 and our minimum future funding commitments are $10.4 million.

 

Loss on Equity Method Investments:

 

Our active equity method investments include five venture capital funds and four direct investments. Charges in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted primarily of our pro rata share of the net gains and losses on our equity method investments.

 

During the second quarter of fiscal 2002, our pro rata share of ADVA Optical Networking (“ADVA”)’s net loss exceeded the carrying amount. As a result, we wrote off our entire investment in ADVA. We also discontinued to apply the equity method accounting as the Company had no commitment to provide additional funding to ADVA. As of June 30, 2005, our pro rata share of ADVA’s accumulated net income exceeded its pro rata share of ADVA’s net loss during the period the equity method was suspended by $0.3 million, and therefore the equity method was re-instated and the investment’s carrying value was recorded in that amount.

 

Income Tax Expense (Benefit):

 

Fiscal 2005 Tax Expense:

 

We recorded an income tax expense of $6.7 million for fiscal 2005. The expected tax benefit derived by applying the federal statutory rate to our loss before income taxes for fiscal 2005 differed from the income tax expense recorded primarily due to non-deductible acquisition-related charges, increases in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and a $10.8 million non-cash charge for income tax expense associated with the reversal of tax benefits recognized in prior periods relating to the sale in fiscal 2005 of certain marketable securities. The $10.8 million income tax expense was recorded in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS 115”) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”). Also included in tax expense for fiscal 2005 is a tax benefit of $5.1 million for the reversal of previously accrued liabilities as a result of our resolution of certain domestic and foreign income tax audit issues.

 

We are currently subject to various federal, state and foreign audits by taxing authorities. We believe that adequate amounts have been provided for any adjustments that may result from these examinations.

 

Fluctuations in the value of our available-for-sale marketable public securities will create volatility in the amount of income tax expense (benefit) we record in future periods. We expect to incur approximately $3.6 million of noncash charges for income tax expense in fiscal 2006 relating to the reversal of income tax benefits recognized in prior periods as a result of the anticipated sale of certain marketable securities.

 

Due to the continued economic uncertainty in the industry, management has determined that it is more likely than not that our net deferred tax assets will not be realized and we have recorded deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2005 only to the extent of certain offsetting deferred tax liabilities. During fiscal 2005 the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets increased by $88.3 million. The increase was primarily due to domestic and foreign tax net operating losses sustained during the fiscal year and capital losses from the sale of certain

 

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marketable securities. The increase was partially offset by the amortization of acquired intangibles, the reduction in inventory, restructuring and other reserves, and the repatriation of undistributed foreign earnings which were previously considered permanently reinvested.

 

Fiscal 2004 Tax Benefit:

 

We recorded an income tax benefit of $15.8 million for fiscal 2004. The expected tax benefit derived by applying the federal statutory rate to our loss before income taxes for fiscal 2004 differed from the income tax benefit recorded primarily due to the net tax effects of non-deductible acquisition-related charges, increases in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, tax benefits realized from the reversal of previously accrued taxes and tax benefits arising from foreign earnings of one of our Far East subsidiaries operating under a tax holiday that were invested indefinitely offshore. Included in the fiscal 2004 tax benefit of $15.8 million is $7.8 million of tax benefit arising from the net tax effect of sales of certain marketable public securities and tax benefits arising from deferred tax assets recorded for fiscal 2004 operating losses that were not subject to a valuation allowance due to appreciation in the carrying value of certain marketable public securities designated as available-for-sale investments. Also included in the 2004 tax benefit is $5.0 million related to the carryback of tax net operating losses from fiscal 2002 to offset prior year taxes paid by certain acquired subsidiaries.

 

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, we recorded a $2.0 million tax benefit as a result of obtaining a tax clearance certificate in connection with the liquidation of one of our foreign subsidiaries. Additionally, we recorded a $2.6 million tax benefit as of June 30, 2004 to reflect a reduction in previously estimated foreign tax liabilities as a result of our resolution of certain foreign tax audit issues with foreign taxing authorities.

 

During fiscal 2004 the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets decreased by $39.0 million. The decrease was primarily due to the net effects of write-offs of deferred tax assets recorded in prior business combinations relating to assumed employee stock options that either expired unexercised or were exercised during the year when the market value of the underlying stock was less than the previously recorded value. It also decreased due to decreases in inventory and other reserves and increased for losses incurred.

 

Fiscal 2003 Tax Expense:

 

We recorded an income tax expense of $13.5 million in fiscal 2003. The expected tax benefit derived by applying the federal statutory rate to our loss before income taxes for fiscal 2003 differed from the income tax expense recorded primarily due to the net tax effects of non-deductible acquisition-related charges and increases in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. The $13.5 million tax expense we recorded in fiscal 2003 includes $18.0 million of tax expense related to the prior financial reporting period ended June 30, 2002 and resulted from an increase in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. During the fiscal year ended 2003, Canadian tax authorities completed a review of our pending claims for refunds of prior year income taxes. As a result of this review, certain matters related to carryback periods and minimum taxes were identified that caused us to conclude that we had recorded $18.0 million of net deferred tax assets in excess of income taxes actually recoverable from prior years and, therefore, necessitated the recording of an additional valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. The $18.0 million amount recorded in fiscal year 2003 was not material to the period in which it should have been recorded nor material to the consolidated results of operations for the year ended June 30, 2003.

 

Included in the fiscal 2003 income tax expense of $13.5 million is a $7.0 million tax benefit recorded as a result of appreciation in the carrying value of available-for-sale marketable public securities that reduced by $7.0 million the amount of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets recorded in connection with our loss from continuing operations.

 

During fiscal 2003 the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets increased by $219.2 million. The increase was primarily due to reductions in our forecasts of future domestic taxable income and the elimination of deferred tax liabilities recorded in prior business combinations.

 

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Operating Segment Information:

 

    2005

    2004

    Change

    Percentage
Change


    2004

    2003

    Change

    Percentage
Change


 

Communications Products Group

                                                           

Net Revenue

  $ 422.2     $ 317.4     $ 104.8     33 %   $ 317.4     $ 333.0     $ (15.6 )   -5 %

Operating loss

  $ (54.2 )   $ (43.4 )   $ (10.8 )   25 %   $ (43.4 )   $ (167.4 )   $ 124.0     -74 %

Commercial and Consumer Products Group

                                                           

Net Revenue

  $ 290.0     $ 318.5     $ (28.5 )   -9 %   $ 318.5     $ 342.9     $ (24.4 )   -7 %

Operating income

  $ 11.1     $ 54.8     $ (43.7 )   -80 %   $ 54.8     $ 54.8     $ —       0 %

 

The increase in CPG net revenue between fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004 is mainly related to improved market conditions, increased revenue from the subsystems products group of $62.7 million, and a full year’s revenue from the E2O acquisition which closed in May of fiscal 2004. The increase in CPG operating loss between fiscal 2005 and 2004 was primarily due to lower average selling prices (“ASPs”) and lower excess and obsolete (“E&O”) net recoveries, which were partially offset by lower R&D spending.

 

The decrease in CPG net revenue between fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003 reflects a drop in customer revenue from order cancellation. It is also due to lower demand for our CPG products and lower ASPs caused by the slowdown in our industry, which resulted in a decrease in network deployment and capital spending by telecommunications carriers. The improvement in CPG operating loss was primarily a function of improved gross margins and reduced operating expenses, as a result of workforce reductions, a reduction in facilities and occupancy related costs, site closures and other cost cutting measures implemented under our Global Realignment Program, as discussed in our analysis of changes in gross margin and selling, general and administrative costs.

 

The decrease in CCPG revenue between fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004 was primarily due to a decline in our Optics and Display revenue of 18% which was partially offset by an increase of 9% in our Flex business. The decrease in CCPG operating income between fiscal 2005 and 2004 was primarily due to lower production levels which resulted in higher production variances and higher charges for obsolete inventories associated with the “end-of life” programs primarily for micro display window products.

 

The decrease in CCPG revenue between fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003 was primarily due to declines in our display revenue and optically variable pigments. The operating income in CCPG between fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003 remained the same.

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

We had a combined balance of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,304.5 million at June 30, 2005, a decrease of $244.2 million from June 30, 2004 primarily due to operating activities, purchases of property, plant and equipment, and acquisition of businesses. Cash and cash equivalents increased by $183.7 million in fiscal 2005, primarily from the sales and maturities of short-term investments. Our total debt outstanding, including capital lease obligations, was $471.2 million at June 30, 2005.

 

Operating activities used $134.4 million in cash during fiscal 2005, resulting from: (i) our net loss, adjusted for non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization, and various gains and losses, of $52.3 million, and (ii) changes in operating assets and liabilities that used $82.1 million. The largest change in operating assets and liabilities was the reduction in Other Accrued Liabilities for $74.4 million, primarily from payments of obligations previously accrued under the Global Realignment Program. Net accounts receivable of $112.3 million at the end of fiscal 2005 were relatively consistent as at the end of fiscal 2004, despite the increase in our revenue from 2004 to 2005. Days sales outstanding in accounts receivable during fiscal 2005 was 57 days, as

 

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compared to 63 days during fiscal 2004, reflecting improvement in collection efficiency. Inventory of $97.4 million at June 30, 2005 were $27.6 million lower than at June 30, 2004, primarily due to business divestitures and transitions of certain inventory and related manufacturing to contract manufacturers.

 

Cash provided by investing activities was $303.4 million during fiscal 2005, primarily due to sales and maturities of available for sale investments exceeding purchases by $391.2 million. Partially offsetting these sources of cash were acquisitions of businesses for $70.3 million, net of cash acquired, as discussed in “Note 17. Mergers and Acquisitions” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and purchases of property and equipment for $35.8 million. Net proceeds from sales of assets and long-term investments equaled $32.2 million.

 

Our financing activities provided cash of $14.0 million, resulting primarily from the issuance of stock under employee stock plans. As of June 30, 2005, we had six standby letters of credit totalling $4.1 million. See “Note 7. Convertible Debt and Letters of Credit” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding financing and available lines of credit.

 

Our investments of surplus cash are made in accordance with an investment policy approved by our Board of Directors. In general, our investment policy requires that securities purchased and held be rated A-1/P-1, A/A2 or better. No security may have an effective maturity that exceeds 36 months, and the average duration of our investment portfolio may not exceed 18 months. At any time, no more than 10% of the investment portfolio may be concentrated in a single issuer other than the U.S. government or U.S. agencies. Our investments in debt securities and marketable equity securities are classified as available-for-sale investments or trading assets and are recorded at fair value. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. We did not hold any investments in auction rate securities at the end of fiscal 2005.

 

Financial Commitments:

 

Our investment portfolio includes $29.2 million in minority investments in certain privately held companies and venture capital funds. As of June 30, 2005, we had a commitment to provide additional funding of up to a maximum of $10.4 million to certain venture capital investment partnerships.

 

Contractual Obligations:

 

The following summarizes our contractual obligations at June 30, 2005, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow over the next five years (in millions).

 

     Total

   Less than
1 year


   1-3
years


   3-5
years


   More than
5 years


Zero Coupon Senior Convertible Notes

   $ 475.0    $ —      $ —      $ 475.0