10-K 1 form10k123105.htm

 


 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

____________________

 

FORM 10-K

 

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

OR

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

 

Commission file number 1-13647

____________________

 

DOLLAR THRIFTY AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

     
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  73-1356520
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

5330 East 31st Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74135

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (918) 660-7700

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

     
Title of each class:
Common Stock, $.01 par value


  Name of each exchange on which registered:
New York Stock Exchange


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known  seasoned issuer, as defined in  Rule 405 of the Securities  Act:   Yes  X     No      

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act:   Yes        No  X   

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:   Yes  X     No      

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K: [ X ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

 

     Large accelerated filer  X       Accelerated filer          Non-accelerated filer      

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act):   Yes        No  X   

 

 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2005, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on the closing price of the stock on the New York Stock Exchange on such date was $954,560,873.

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock as of February 28, 2006 was 25,268,442.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 18, 2006 are incorporated by reference in Part III.

 


 

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DOLLAR THRIFTY AUTOMOTIVE GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I  

ITEM 1.     BUSINESS 4

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS 16

ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 18

ITEM 2.     PROPERTIES 18

ITEM 3.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 19

ITEM 4.     SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS 19

PART II  

ITEM 5.     MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED  
          STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 19

ITEM 6.     SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 21

ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL  
          CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION 23

ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES  
          ABOUT MARKET RISK 36

ITEM 8.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 38

ITEM 9.     CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS  
          ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 69

ITEM 9A.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 69

ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION 71

PART III  

ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT 71

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 72

ITEM 12.    SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS  
          AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 72

ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS 72

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 72

 

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PART IV  

ITEM 15.    EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 72

SIGNATURES 93

INDEX TO EXHIBITS 94

 

FACTORS AFFECTING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Some of the statements contained herein under “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group, Inc. believes such forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future performance and certain factors could cause results to differ materially from current expectations. These factors include: price and product competition; access to reservation distribution channels; economic and competitive conditions in markets and countries where the companies’ customers reside and where the companies and their franchisees operate; natural hazards or catastrophes; incidents of terrorism; airline travel patterns; changes in capital availability or cost; costs and other terms related to the acquisition and disposition of automobiles; systems or communications failures; costs of conducting business and changes in structure or operations; and certain regulatory and environmental matters and litigation risks. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties, among others, materialize, actual results could vary from those estimated, anticipated or projected. Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group, Inc. undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results over time.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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PART I

Table of Contents

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

 

Company Overview

 

General

 

Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“DTG”), owns DTG Operations, Inc. (“DTG Operations”), Dollar Rent A Car, Inc. and Thrifty, Inc. Thrifty, Inc. owns Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc. and Thrifty Car Sales, Inc. (“Thrifty Car Sales”). Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc. owns Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group Canada Inc. (“DTG Canada”). On January 1, 2003, DTG began operating under a corporate structure which realigned the prior brand structure to a functional structure, combining the management of operations and administrative functions for both the Dollar and Thrifty brands. DTG Operations operates company-owned stores under the Dollar brand and the Thrifty brand, provides vehicle leasing to franchisees and operates reservation centers for both brands. Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc. and Dollar Rent A Car, Inc. conduct franchising activities and sales and marketing activities for their respective brands. Thrifty Car Sales operates a franchised retail used car sales network. The Company has two additional subsidiaries, Rental Car Finance Corp. and Dollar Thrifty Funding Corp., which are special purpose financing entities and have been appropriately consolidated in the financial statements of the Company. Dollar Rent A Car, Inc., the Dollar brand and DTG Operations operating under the Dollar brand are individually and collectively referred to hereafter as “Dollar”. Thrifty, Inc., Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc., Thrifty Car Sales, the Thrifty brand and DTG Operations operating under the Thrifty brand are individually and collectively referred to hereafter as “Thrifty”. DTG, Dollar and Thrifty and each of their subsidiaries are individually or collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, as the context may require. Dollar and Thrifty and their respective independent franchisees operate the Dollar and Thrifty vehicle rental systems. The Dollar and Thrifty brands represent a value-priced rental vehicle generally appealing to leisure customers, including foreign tourists, and to small businesses, government business and independent business travelers. As of December 31, 2005, Dollar and Thrifty had 852 locations in the United States and Canada of which 369 were company-owned stores and 483 were locations operated by franchisees. While Dollar and Thrifty have franchisees in countries outside the United States and Canada, revenues from these franchisees have not been material to results of operations of the Company.

 

In the United States, Dollar's main focus is operating company-owned stores located in major airports, and it derives substantial revenues from leisure and tour package rentals. Thrifty focuses on serving both the airport and local markets operating through a network of company-owned stores and franchisees. Dollar derives a majority of its U.S. revenues from providing rental vehicles and services directly to rental customers, while Thrifty has historically derived its revenues primarily from franchising fees and services including vehicle leasing. However, in 2003, Thrifty began shifting to operating more company-owned stores by acquiring franchisee locations in key markets and now derives a majority of its revenues from corporate operations. Dollar and Thrifty incur the costs of operating company-owned stores and their revenues are directly affected by changes in rental demand and pricing.

 

The Company is the successor to Pentastar Transportation Group, Inc., which was formed in 1989 to acquire and operate the rental car subsidiaries of Chrysler Corporation, now known as DaimlerChrysler Corporation (such entity and its subsidiaries and members of its affiliated group are hereinafter referred to as “DaimlerChrysler”). DTG Operations, formerly known as Dollar Rent A Car Systems, Inc., was incorporated in 1965. Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc. was incorporated in 1950 and Dollar Rent A Car, Inc. was incorporated in December 2002. Thrifty, Inc. was incorporated in December 1998.

 

Available Information

 

The Company makes available free of charge on or through its Internet Web site its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after such material has been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Company’s Internet address is http://www.dtag.com. The SEC also maintains a Web site that contains all of the Company’s filings at http://www.sec.gov.

 

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The Company has a code of business conduct, which is available on the Company’s Web site under the heading, “About DTG”. The Company’s Board of Directors has adopted a corporate governance policy and Board committee charters, which are updated periodically and can be found on the Company’s Web site under the heading, “Corporate Governance”. A copy of the code of business conduct, the corporate governance policy and the charters are available upon request to the Company’s headquarters as listed on the front of this Form 10-K, attention “Corporate Communications” department.

 

The annual Chief Executive Officer certification required by the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual was submitted to the New York Stock Exchange on May 23, 2005.

 

Industry Overview

 

The U.S. daily vehicle rental industry has two principal markets: the airport market and the local market. Vehicle rental companies that focus on the airport market rent primarily to business and leisure travelers. Companies focusing on the local market rent primarily to persons who need a vehicle periodically for personal or business use or who require a temporary replacement vehicle. Rental companies also sell used vehicles and ancillary products such as refueling services and loss damage waivers to vehicle renters.

 

Vehicle rental companies typically incur substantial debt to finance their rental fleets. They also typically acquire a majority of their fleets under manufacturer residual value programs where the vehicle manufacturers repurchase or guarantee the resale value of Program Vehicles (hereinafter defined) at particular times in the future. This allows a rental company to determine in advance this important component of its cost structure. The Program Vehicles and the related obligations of the manufacturers are used as collateral for fleet financing.

 

The rental car industry has consolidated ownership of the top eight brands which are now owned by just five companies. Dollar and Thrifty are operating subsidiaries of the Company; Avis and Budget are operating subsidiaries of Cendant Corporation; Hertz is owned by a private equity group composed of Clayton Dubilier & Rice, The Carlyle Group and Merrill Lynch Global Private Equity; Alamo and National are operating subsidiaries of Vanguard Car Rental USA, Inc., owned by the private equity group of Cerberus Capital Management, L.P.; and Enterprise is privately held.

 

Prior to 2001, the car rental industry had experienced steady growth over the previous decade driven by increased leisure and business airline passenger traffic and additional capacity in the hotel industry. During 2001, however, the travel industry suffered from the effects of an economic recession as well as the terrorist attacks of September 11. In the aftermath of September 11, airline passenger traffic dropped significantly and car rental companies reduced their fleet size in response to lower levels of demand. In 2004, airline passenger traffic exceeded the previous peak levels of traffic in 2000 and continued to grow in 2005. The future growth of the car rental industry will be determined by general economic conditions and the level of leisure and business travel.

 

Seasonality

 

The Company’s business is subject to seasonal variations in customer demand, with the summer vacation period representing the peak season for vehicle rentals. This general seasonal variation in demand, along with more localized changes in demand, causes the Company to vary its fleet size over the course of the year. In 2005, the Company’s average monthly fleet size ranged from a low of approximately 92,000 vehicles in the first quarter to a high of approximately 137,000 vehicles in the third quarter.

 

The Company

 

The Company has two value rental car brands, Dollar and Thrifty, with a strategy to operate company-owned stores in the top 75 airport markets and in key leisure destinations in the United States. In the United States, the Dollar and Thrifty brands remain separate, but operate corporately under a single management structure and share vehicles, back-office employees and facilities, where possible. The Company also operates company-owned stores in the eight largest airport markets in Canada under DTG Canada. In Canada, the company-owned stores are primarily co-branded.

 

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The Company also offers franchise opportunities in smaller markets in the United States and Canada and in all markets internationally so that franchisees can operate under the Dollar or Thrifty trademarks or dual franchise and operate both brands in one market.

Summary Operating Data of the Company
                                   
              Year Ended December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
              (in thousands)  
Revenues:
                       
Revenue from U.S. and
Canada company-owned
stores
  $ 1,402,652     $ 1,282,386     $ 1,019,476  
Revenue from U.S. and
Canada franchisees
    107,550       130,855       198,039  
Revenue from international
franchisees
    7,331       5,128       4,515  
Other revenue
    4,922       5,611       5,856  
             
   
   
 
 
Total revenues
  $ 1,522,455     $ 1,423,980     $ 1,227,886  
             
   
   
 
 
                       
              As of December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
Rental locations:
                       
U.S. and Canada company-
owned stores
    369       352       310  
U.S. and Canada franchisee
locations
    483       507       513  
 
                       
Franchisees:
                       
U.S. and Canada
    231       229       248  
International
    116       112       99  

Dollar and Thrifty Brands

 

Dollar

 

Dollar’s main focus is serving the airport vehicle rental market, which is comprised of business and leisure travelers. The majority of its locations are on or near airport facilities. At December 31, 2005, Dollar had 105 company-owned and franchised in-terminal airport locations in the United States. Dollar operates primarily through company-owned stores in the United States and Canada, and also licenses to independent franchisees which operate as a part of the Dollar brand system in the United States, Canada and abroad. In January 2003, Dollar re-acquired its master franchise rights in Canada and began acquiring the operations of franchisees in the eight largest airport markets of Calgary, Winnipeg, Ottawa, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax, Edmonton and Vancouver. Dollar successfully completed the acquisition of all franchisee operations in these top markets by January 2004, when it purchased the franchise operation in Vancouver.

 

As of December 31, 2005, Dollar’s vehicle rental system included 352 locations in the United States and Canada, consisting of 187 company-owned stores and 165 franchisee locations. Dollar’s total rental revenue generated by company-owned stores was $881 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

 

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Thrifty

 

Historically, Thrifty’s main focus had been on franchising and franchise support services. However, in 2003, Thrifty began shifting to operating more company-owned stores by acquiring franchisee locations in key markets. Although Thrifty continues to acquire franchisee locations, the number of acquisitions during 2005 has slowed from the previous years with the majority of the acquisition opportunities now completed. Thrifty U.S. company-owned locations increased to 129 at December 31, 2005 from 115 at December 31, 2004. Thrifty’s U.S. company-owned stores and its franchisees derive approximately 80% of their combined rental revenues from the airport market and approximately 20% from the local market. Thrifty’s approach of serving both the airport and local markets allows many of its franchisees and company-owned stores to have multiple locations to improve fleet utilization and profit margins by moving vehicles among locations to better address demand between these markets. At December 31, 2005, Thrifty had 103 company-owned and franchised in-terminal airport locations in the United States.

 

As of December 31, 2005, Thrifty’s vehicle rental system included 500 rental locations in the United States and Canada, consisting of 318 franchisee locations and 182 company-owned stores. Thrifty’s total rental revenue generated by company-owned stores was $514 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Corporate Operations

 

United States

 

Beginning in 2003, the Company implemented a new operating model for U.S. Dollar and Thrifty company-owned stores, which included generally maintaining separate airport counters, bussing, reservations, marketing and all other customer contact activities, while using a single management team for both brands. In addition, this operating model included sharing vehicles, back-office employees and service facilities, where possible.

 

As of December 31, 2005, the Company operates the Dollar brand in 54 and the Thrifty brand in 45 of the top 75 airport markets in the United States and operates both brands in 40 of these top 75 airport markets. During 2005, the Company added the Thrifty brand in six of the top 75 airport markets by acquiring franchisee locations or opening greenfield locations.

 

Canada

 

The Company operates in Canada through DTG Canada. Thrifty has historically had a strong corporate presence in Canada, and, during 2003, Dollar acquired its master franchise rights in Canada and began re-acquiring its franchisee locations in the eight largest airport markets in Canada. The Company operates corporate stores in all eight of the largest airport markets in Canada, which includes Calgary, Winnipeg, Ottawa, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax, Edmonton and Vancouver. The majority of the markets are operated under the Company’s co-branding strategy in Canada where both the Dollar and Thrifty brands are represented at one shared location. These operations are important to maintaining a national airport presence in Canada, where DTG Canada has significant airport concessions and lease commitments.

 

Franchise Acquisition Program

 

The Company is pursuing opportunities to acquire both Dollar and Thrifty franchise operations in the top 75 U.S. airport markets and other key leisure markets. In 2003, Thrifty began shifting to operating more company-owned stores by acquiring franchisee locations on an opportunistic basis in key markets. In 2005, Thrifty continued this strategy by acquiring the Thrifty franchise operations in seven U.S. markets in Jacksonville and Melbourne, Florida; San Jose, California; Baton Rouge and New Orleans, Louisiana and Albuquerque and Santa Fe, New Mexico. Dollar and Thrifty generally have the right of first refusal on the sale of a franchise operation. As of December 31, 2005, the Company has completed the majority of its acquisition program.

 

 

Tour Rentals

 

Vehicle rentals by customers of foreign and U.S. tour operators generated approximately $189 million or 14% of the Company’s rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005. These rentals are usually part of tour packages that can also include air travel and hotel accommodations. No single tour operator account generated in excess of 3% of the Company’s 2005 rental revenues.

 

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Other

 

Dollar and Thrifty manage costs through bulk purchasing, applying performance benchmarks and developing and implementing best practice management techniques nationwide. Its company-owned store network also allows Dollar and Thrifty to offer customers one-way rentals in most markets.

 

As of December 31, 2005, the Company had 123 vehicle rental concessions for company-owned stores at 81 airports in the United States. Its payments for these concessions are usually based upon a specified percentage of airport-generated revenue, subject to a minimum annual fee, and typically include fixed rent for terminal counters or other leased properties and facilities. A growing number of larger airports are building consolidated airport rental car facilities to eliminate congestion at the airport which also facilitates additional growth for the rental car industry.

 

Supplemental Equipment and Optional Products – Dollar and Thrifty rent global positioning system (GPS) equipment, ski racks, baby seats and other supplemental equipment, sell pre-paid gasoline and, subject to availability and applicable local law, make available loss damage waivers and insurance products related to the vehicle rental.

 

Summary of Corporate Operations Data
                                   
              Year Ended December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
              (in thousands)  
Rental revenues:
                       
 
United States - Dollar
  $ 871,185     $ 870,606     $ 804,700  
 
United States - Thrifty
    447,535       339,700       157,006  
             
   
   
 
 
   Total U.S. rental revenues
    1,318,720       1,210,306       961,706  
 
                       
Canada - Dollar and Thrifty     76,353       65,717       52,415  
             
   
   
 
 
   Total rental revenues
    1,395,073       1,276,023       1,014,121  
 
                       
Other     7,579       6,363       5,355  
             
   
   
 
 
   Total revenues from U.S. and
      Canadian Corporate Operations
  $ 1,402,652     $ 1,282,386     $ 1,019,476  
             
   
   
 
 
                       
              As of December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
Rental locations (U.S. and Canada):
                       
 
Dollar
    187       185       169  
 
Thrifty
    182       167       141  
             
   
   
 
 
   Total corporate rental locations
    369       352       310  
             
   
   
 

 

Franchising

 

United States and Canada

 

Both Dollar and Thrifty sell U.S. franchises on an exclusive basis for specific geographic areas, generally outside the top 75 U.S. airport markets. Most franchisees are located at or near airports that generate a lower volume of vehicle rentals than the airports served by company-owned stores. In Canada, Dollar and Thrifty sell franchises in markets generally outside the top eight airport markets.

 

Dollar and Thrifty offer franchisees the opportunity to dual franchise in smaller U.S. and Canadian markets. That is, one franchisee can operate both the Dollar and the Thrifty brand, thus allowing them to generate more business in their market while leveraging fixed costs.

 

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Dollar and Thrifty license to franchisees the use of their respective brand service marks in the vehicle rental and leasing and parking businesses. Franchisees of Dollar and Thrifty pay an initial franchise fee generally based on the population, number of airline passengers, total airport vehicle rental revenues and the level of any other vehicle rental activity in the franchised territory, as well as other factors. Dollar and Thrifty offer their respective franchisees a wide range of products and services which may not be easily or cost effectively available from other sources.

 

System Fees in the U.S.

 

Dollar - In addition to an initial franchise fee, each Dollar U.S. franchisee is generally required to pay a system fee equal to 8% of airport rental revenue and 6% for suburban operations.

 

Thrifty - In addition to the initial franchise fee, each Thrifty U.S. franchisee pays an administrative fee, which is generally 3% of base rental revenue, excluding ancillary products and an advertising fee ranging from 2.5% to 4.5% of base rental revenue to a separate advertising fund managed jointly by franchisees and Company management.

 

System Fees in Canada

 

All Dollar and Thrifty Canadian franchisees whether operating a single-brand or co-brand location pay a monthly fee generally equal to 8% of rental revenue.

 

Franchisee Services and Products

 

Dollar and Thrifty provide their U.S. and Canadian franchisees a wide range of products and services, including vehicle leasing, insurance programs, reservations, computer systems, marketing programs and assistance, branded supplies, image and standards, training, rental rate management analysis and customer satisfaction programs. Additionally, Dollar and Thrifty offer their respective franchisees centralized corporate account and tour billing and travel agent commission payments.

 

Summary of U.S. and Canada Franchise Operations Data
                                   
              As of December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
Franchisee locations:
                       
   Dollar
    165       164       145  
   Thrifty
    318       343       368  
             
   
   
 
      Total franchisee locations
    483       507       513  
             
   
   
 
 
                       
Franchisees:
                       
   Dollar
    85       75       78  
   Thrifty
    146       154       170  
             
   
   
 
      Total franchisees
    231       229       248  
             
   
   
 

 

International

 

Dollar and Thrifty offer master franchises outside the United States and Canada, generally on a countrywide basis. Each master franchisee is permitted to operate within its franchised territory directly or through subfranchisees. At December 31, 2005, exclusive of the United States and Canada, Dollar had franchised locations in 51 countries and Thrifty had franchised locations in 64 countries. These locations are in Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, and the Asia-Pacific regions. In 2003, the Company began offering franchisees the opportunity to license the rights to operate both the Dollar and Thrifty brands in certain markets on a dual franchise or co-brand basis. Revenue generated by the Company from franchised operations outside the United States and Canada totaled $7.3 million in 2005, comprised primarily of system, reservation and advertising fees.

 

 

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Thrifty Car Sales

 

In December 1998, Thrifty Car Sales was formed to operate a franchise system, “Thrifty Car Sales”. Thrifty Car Sales provides an opportunity for both independent and manufacturer franchised dealers to enhance or expand their used car operations under a well-recognized national brand name. In addition to the use of the brand name, dealers have access to a variety of products and services offered by Thrifty Car Sales. These products and services include participation in a full service business development center, a nationally supported Internet strategy and website, operational and marketing support, vehicle supply services, customized retail and wholesale financing programs as well as national accounts and supplies programs. As of December 31, 2005, Thrifty Car Sales had 34 franchise locations in operation.

 

Reservations

 

The Internet is the primary source of reservations for the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 62% of the Company’s total non-tour reservations came through the Internet, increasing from approximately 58% in 2004. The Company’s Internet Web sites (dollar.com and thrifty.com) provided approximately 38% of total non-tour reservations. During 2005, 24% of non-tour reservations were provided from third party Internet sites with no individual third party site providing in excess of 6% of total non-tour reservations. The remaining non-tour reservations were primarily provided by the reservation call centers and travel agents. The Company has continuously staffed reservation call centers for Dollar and Thrifty at its headquarters in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and at its facility in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. Dollar and Thrifty reservation systems are linked to all major airline reservation systems and through such systems to travel agencies in the United States, Canada and abroad.

 

Marketing

 

Dollar and Thrifty are positioned as value car rental companies in the travel industry, providing on-airport convenience with low rates on quality vehicles. Customers who rent from Dollar and Thrifty are cost-conscious leisure, government and business travelers who want to save money on car rentals without compromising fundamental car rental services.

 

Dollar and Thrifty acquire these value-oriented customers through a multifaceted marketing approach that involves television and print advertising, Internet marketing, sales teams, strategic marketing partners, and investments in traditional and emerging distribution channels. Each of these disciplines has a specific focus on selected customer segment opportunities.

 

In the United States, Thrifty’s national advertising and marketing expenses are paid out of an advertising fund managed by a national advertising committee consisting of representatives of Thrifty franchisees and certain members of Company management.

 

Strategic Marketing Partners

 

Dollar and Thrifty have aligned themselves with certain strategic marketing partners to facilitate the growth of their business.

 

Dollar has strong relationships with many significant international tour operators who specialize in inbound tour packages to the United States, as well as domestic tour operators who generate inbound business to Hawaii, Florida and other leisure destinations.

 

Major travel agents and consortia operate under preferred supplier agreements with Dollar and Thrifty. Under these preferred agreements, Dollar and Thrifty provide these travel agency groups additional commissions or additional benefits in return for their featuring Dollar and Thrifty in their advertising or giving Dollar and Thrifty a priority in their reservation systems. In general, these arrangements are not exclusive to Dollar and Thrifty.

 

Both Dollar and Thrifty have also developed strategic partnerships with certain hotels, credit card companies, and with most U. S. airlines through participation in the airline’s frequent flyer programs. In addition, Dollar and Thrifty actively participate with our partner airlines in their respective branded Web sites.

 

 

- 10 -

 

 

Internet Marketing and Distribution Channels

 

Dollar and Thrifty focus on Internet advertising and marketing, which continues to be the most cost-efficient means of reaching travel customers. Dollar and Thrifty promote their respective brands via Internet banner advertising and keywords and a “Best Rate Guarantee” to encourage travelers to book reservations on dollar.com and thrifty.com. In addition, Dollar and Thrifty both continue to make technology investments in their respective Web sites, dollar.com and thrifty.com, to provide enhancements to best meet their customer’s changing travel needs.

 

Dollar and Thrifty are among the leading car rental companies in direct-connect technology, which bypasses global distribution systems and reduces reservation costs. Dollar and Thrifty have entered into direct-connect relationships with certain airline and other travel partners. In addition, Dollar and Thrifty are featured in numerous online channels where customers frequently shop for travel services and are in regular discussions with owners of other emerging travel channels to secure inclusion of the Dollar and Thrifty brands in those channels.

 

Dollar and Thrifty have made filings under the intellectual property laws of jurisdictions in which their respective franchisees operate, including the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, to protect the names, logos and designs identified with Dollar and Thrifty. These marks are important for customer brand awareness and selection of Dollar and Thrifty for vehicle rental and for dollar.com and thrifty.com for reservation services.

 

Customer Service

 

The Company has programs at its headquarters and in company-owned stores to achieve consistent delivery of customer service. These programs involve customer satisfaction training and team-based problem solving, especially as it relates to improving customer service. The Company’s customer service centers measure customer satisfaction, track service quality trends, respond to customer inquiries and provide recommendations to senior management and vehicle rental location supervisors. The Company conducts initial and ongoing training for headquarters, company-owned store and franchisee employees, using professional trainers, performance coaches and computer-based training programs.

 

Information Systems and Other Services

 

The Company depends upon a number of core information systems to operate its business, primarily its counter automation, reservations and revenue management systems. The counter automation system in company-owned stores processes rental transactions, facilitates the sale of additional products and services and facilitates the monitoring of its fleet and financial assets. The Company also relies on a revenue management system which is designed to enable the Company to better determine rental demand based on historical reservation patterns and adjust its rental rates accordingly.

 

EDS Information Systems, L.L.C. (“EDS”), a leading global information technology service company, manages and monitors the majority of the Company’s data network and its daily information processing. The Company’s counter automation, reservations, revenue management, Internet Web sites and fleet processing systems are housed in a secure underground EDS facility in Oklahoma designed to withstand disasters. Other information systems are supported by Company employees.

 

U.S. franchisees receiving a certain volume of reservations are required to use an approved automated counter system. In addition to providing an electronic data link with the Company’s worldwide reservations centers, the automated counter system produces rental agreements and provides the Company and its franchisees with customer and vehicle inventory information as well as financial and operating reports.

 

Supplies and National Account Programs. The Company makes bulk purchases of items used by its franchisees, which it sells to franchisees at prices that are often lower than they could obtain on their own. The Company also negotiates national account programs to allow its franchisees to take advantage of volume discounts for many materials or services used for operations such as tires, glass replacement, long distance telephone service and overnight mail.

 

 

- 11 -

 

 

Parking Services. Airport parking operations are a natural complement to vehicle rental operations. The Company encourages its franchisees that have near-airport locations to add this ancillary business, and operates some corporate parking operations as well.

 

Fleet Acquisition and Management

 

Vehicle Supply

 

For the 2005 model year, DaimlerChrysler vehicles represented approximately 83% of the total U.S. fleet of DTG Operations. DTG Operations also purchases vehicles from other automotive manufacturers to diversify the overall composition and cost of the fleet. The Company expects that for the 2006 model year, DaimlerChrysler vehicles will continue to represent a substantial majority of the total U.S. fleet of DTG Operations.

 

Automotive manufacturers’ residual value programs limit the Company’s residual value risk. Under these programs, the manufacturer either guarantees the aggregate depreciated value upon resale of covered vehicles of a given model year, as is generally the case under DaimlerChrysler’s program, or agrees to repurchase vehicles at specified prices during established repurchase periods. In either case, the manufacturer’s obligation is subject to certain conditions relating to the vehicle’s age, physical condition and mileage. Vehicles purchased by vehicle rental companies under these programs are referred to as “Program Vehicles.” Vehicles not purchased under these programs and for which rental companies therefore bear residual value risk are referred to herein as “Non-Program Vehicles.” The Company believes that a majority of vehicles owned by other U.S. vehicle rental companies, except for Enterprise, are Program Vehicles.

 

DaimlerChrysler, the Company’s primary supplier, sets the terms of its residual value program before the start of each model year. The terms include monthly depreciation rates, minimum and maximum holding periods and mileages, model mix requirements, and vehicle condition and other return requirements. The residual value program enables DTG Operations to limit its residual value risk with respect to Program Vehicles because DaimlerChrysler agrees to reimburse DTG Operations for any difference between the aggregate gross auction sale price of the Program Vehicles for the particular model year and the vehicles’ aggregate predetermined residual value. Under the program, DTG Operations must sell the Program Vehicles in closed auctions to DaimlerChrysler dealers. DTG Operations is reimbursed under the program for certain transportation, auction-related and interest costs.

 

DTG Operations also purchases Non-Program Vehicles, for which it bears the full residual value risk because the vehicles are not covered by any manufacturer’s residual value program. It does so when required by manufacturers in connection with the purchase of Program Vehicles or when it believes there is an opportunity to lower its fleet costs or to fill model and class niches not available through residual value programs. DaimlerChrysler, which is the main provider of Non-Program Vehicles to DTG Operations, does not set any terms or conditions on the resale of Non-Program Vehicles other than requiring minimum holding periods. For the 2005 model year, approximately 28% of all vehicles acquired by DTG Operations were Non-Program Vehicles.

 

The Company’s operating results are materially affected by the depreciation rates and other purchase terms provided under DaimlerChrysler’s residual value program, the residual values on Non-Program Vehicles and the level of purchase or promotion incentives. The percentage of vehicles acquired under DaimlerChrysler and other manufacturers’ residual value programs in the future will depend upon several factors, including the availability and cost of these programs. For the 2006 model year, vehicle manufacturers have stated their intent to reduce vehicle supply to the rental car industry and have significantly increased industry vehicle costs by increasing Program Vehicle depreciation rates and lowering incentives.

 

 

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Residual value programs enable Dollar and Thrifty to determine their depreciation expense on Program Vehicles in advance. Vehicle depreciation is the largest single cost element in the Company’s operations. The percentage of the Company’s vehicle rental fleets benefiting from residual value programs could decrease if the automotive manufacturers changed the size or terms of these programs. In that event, the Company would have increased residual value risk that could be material to its results of operations and could adversely affect its ability to finance its vehicles. Second, because it is difficult to predict future vehicle resale values, the Company may not be able to manage effectively the residual value risk on its Non-Program Vehicles. The residual value of Non-Program Vehicles depends on such factors as the general level of pricing in the automotive industry for both new and used vehicles. Prices for used vehicles generally decrease if the automotive manufacturers increase the retail sales incentives they offer on new vehicles. The Company cannot predict the level of retail sales incentives DaimlerChrysler or the other automotive manufacturers will offer in the future. The Company has received substantial payments under residual value programs over the past several years. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Dollar and Thrifty entered into U.S. vehicle supply agreements with DaimlerChrysler, which commenced with the 1997 model year. These vehicle supply agreements have been extended or renewed to cover all model years since inception in 1997. In September 2005, the Vehicle Supply Agreement (the “VSA”) was amended to enable the Company to acquire vehicles through the 2010 model year. Under the VSA, DaimlerChrysler has agreed to make specified volumes of DaimlerChrysler vehicles available for use by company-owned stores or for fleet leasing programs. Dollar and Thrifty will promote DaimlerChrysler vehicles exclusively in their advertising and other promotional materials and DaimlerChrysler has agreed to make various promotional payments to the Company. These payments are material to the Company’s results of operations. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

The VSA provides that the Company will purchase at least 75% of its vehicles from DaimlerChrysler until a certain minimum level is reached, of which 80% will be Program Vehicles and 20% will be Non-Program Vehicles. The Company typically acquires additional DaimlerChrysler vehicles which may be Program Vehicles or Non-Program Vehicles. Also from time to time, the Company will convert vehicles originally acquired as Program Vehicles to Non-Program Vehicles on an opportunistic basis in an effort to lower overall vehicle depreciation costs. While DaimlerChrysler has the sole discretion to set the specific terms and conditions of its residual value program for a model year, it has agreed in the VSA to offer programs to the Company that, taken as a whole, are competitive with a residual value program Ford or General Motors makes generally available to domestic vehicle rental companies.

Vehicle Disposition

 

DTG Operations generally holds vehicles in rental service from seven to nine months. The length of service is determined by taking into account seasonal rental demand and the average monthly mileage accumulation. Most vehicles must be removed from service before they reach 30,000 miles to avoid significant excess mileage penalties under DaimlerChrysler’s residual value program. DTG Operations must bear the risk on the resale of Program Vehicles that cannot be returned. DTG Operations’ efforts to expand the channels for disposition of Non-Program Vehicles have been successful. DTG Operations disposed of 55% of its Non-Program Vehicles through auctions and 45% directly to used car dealers, wholesalers and its franchisees during the year ended December 31, 2005. Utilizing sales channels other than the auctions avoids transportation costs, interest costs and other fees.

 

Maintenance

 

DTG Operations has automotive maintenance centers. These facilities are accepted by automotive manufacturers as eligible to perform and receive reimbursement for warranty repairs. Collision damage repairs are generally performed by independent contractors. Dollar’s and Thrifty’s franchisees are responsible for the maintenance of their fleet vehicles.

 

Fleet Leasing Programs

 

DTG Operations makes fleet leasing programs available to Dollar and Thrifty U.S. franchisees for each new model year. The terms of its fleet leasing programs generally mirror the requirements of various manufacturers’ residual value programs with respect to model mix, order and delivery, vehicle maintenance and returns, but also include Non-Program Vehicles. Dollar and Thrifty monitor the creditworthiness and operating performance of franchisees participating in the fleet leasing programs and periodically audit franchisees’ leased fleets. For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 4% of the Company’s total revenue was derived from vehicle leasing programs. As the Company continues to implement its corporate strategy of acquiring franchise operations and converting them to corporate operations, leasing revenue will continue to decline.

 

 

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DTG Operations sets lease rates after considering depreciation rates for Program Vehicles, estimated Non-Program Vehicle depreciation rates, interest costs, model mix, administrative costs and market conditions. Average monthly lease rates vary depending on vehicle model, and the average lease period is between seven and nine months. Although DTG Operations leases both Non-Program Vehicles as well as Program Vehicles to Dollar and Thrifty franchisees, these fleet leasing programs eliminate the residual value risk for such franchisees. Franchisees may, however, elect to assume some residual value risk on certain Non-Program Vehicles they lease in exchange for a lower lease rate.

U.S. Fleet Data
                                   
              Year Ended December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003  
             
   
   
 
DTG
                       
Average number of vehicles leased to
franchisees
    11,230       16,622       28,162  
             
   
   
 
Average number of vehicles in
combined fleets of franchisees
    34,277       42,491       53,410  
Average number of vehicles in combined
fleets of company-owned stores
    107,344       96,675       75,684  
             
   
   
 
Total
    141,621       139,166       129,094  
             
   
   
 

Competition

 

There is intense competition in the vehicle rental industry on the basis of price, service levels, vehicle quality, vehicle availability and the convenience and condition of rental locations. Dollar operates mainly in the U.S. airport market, although compared to its competitors it relies more heavily on leisure, tour and small business customers. Dollar’s franchisees have a similar customer profile. In any given location, Dollar may compete with national, regional and local vehicle rental companies. Dollar’s principal competitors for leisure and business travelers are Alamo, Avis, Budget, Hertz, National, Enterprise and Thrifty. Dollar competes primarily on the basis of price and customer service.

 

Thrifty’s U.S. franchisees and company-owned stores generally compete for cost-conscious consumers with Alamo, Avis, Budget, Dollar, Hertz, Enterprise and National. Enterprise, Hertz, Avis and Budget, as well as local and regional rental companies, are major competitors in the local market. They compete on the basis of price, location, service and well-established customer relationships. Most Thrifty franchisees compete in the local market for retail general use business rather than insurance replacement rentals.

 

The Canadian vehicle rental markets are also intensely competitive. Most of the Canadian market is operated either directly or through franchisees of the major U.S. vehicle rental companies, including Budget, Alamo, Avis, Hertz, Enterprise and National, as well as Dollar and Thrifty.

 

Insurance

 

The Company is subject to third-party bodily injury liability and property damage claims resulting from accidents involving its rental vehicles. In 2005 and 2004, the Company retained the risk of loss in various amounts up to $2.0 million on a per occurrence basis for public liability and property damage claims, with an additional aggregate exposure of $3.0 million for losses above this level. In March 2006, the Company increased its retained risk of loss to $4.0 million per occurrence with an additional aggregate exposure of $7.0 million for losses above this level. The Company maintains insurance coverages at certain amounts in excess of its retained risk. The Company retains the risk of loss on supplemental liability insurance policies sold to vehicle rental customers.

 

 

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The Company retains the risk of loss for general and garage liability insurance coverage in various amounts up to $2.0 million and maintains insurance at certain amounts in excess of $2.0 million. In March 2006, the Company increased its retention of the risk of loss to up to $5.0 million for general and garage liability. The Company retains the risk of loss for any catastrophic and comprehensive damage to its vehicles. In addition, the Company carries workers' compensation coverage with retentions in various amounts up to $250,000, which increased to $500,000 effective January 1, 2006. The Company also carries excess liability and directors' and officers' liability insurance coverage.

 

Provisions for bodily injury liability and property damage liability on self-insured claims are made by charges to expense based upon periodic actuarial evaluations of estimated ultimate liabilities on reported and unreported claims. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s reserve for public liability and property damage claims was approximately $100.6 million. The Company’s obligations to pay insurance related losses and indemnify the insurance carriers for fronted policies are collateralized by surety bonds and letters of credit. As of December 31, 2005, these letters of credit and surety bonds totaled approximately $49.7 million and $13.5 million, respectively.

 

The Company also maintains various letters of credit and surety bonds to secure performance under airport concession agreements and other obligations which totaled approximately $6.6 million and $25.6 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2005.

 

Regulation

 

Loss Damage Waivers

 

Loss damage waivers relieve customers from financial responsibility for vehicle damage. Legislation affecting the sale of loss damage waivers has been adopted in 25 states. These laws typically require disclosure to customers that loss damage waivers may not be necessary, limit customer liability to specified amounts, limit the ability of vehicle rental companies to offer loss damage waivers for sale or cap the amounts that may be charged for loss damage waivers. Adoption of national or additional state legislation affecting or limiting the sale, or capping the rates, of loss damage waivers could result in the loss of this revenue and additional limitations on potential customer liability could increase costs to Dollar, Thrifty and their franchisees.

 

Franchising Regulation

 

As franchisors, Dollar and Thrifty are subject to federal, state and foreign laws regulating various aspects of franchise operations and sales. These laws impose registration and disclosure requirements on franchisors in the offer and sale of franchises and, in certain states, also apply substantive standards to the relationship between the franchisor and the franchisee, including those pertaining to default, termination and nonrenewal of franchises.

 

Other Matters

 

Certain states previously made vehicle owners (including vehicle rental companies) vicariously liable for the actions of any person lawfully driving an owned vehicle, regardless of fault. Until August 10, 2005, when a change in the vicarious liability law was imposed, some of these states, primarily New York, did not limit this liability. With the passage of the federal "Highway Bill", unlimited vicarious liability for vehicle rental and leasing companies has been removed, thus, limiting exposure to state minimum financial responsibility amounts. Vehicle rental companies are also subject to various federal, state and local consumer protection laws and regulations including those relating to advertising and disclosure of charges to customers.

 

Dollar and Thrifty are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to taxing and licensing of vehicles, franchise sales, franchise relationships, vehicle liability, used vehicle sales, insurance, telecommunications, vehicle rental transactions and labor matters. The Company believes that Dollar’s and Thrifty’s practices and procedures are in substantial compliance with federal, state and local laws and is not aware of any material expenditures necessary to meet legal or regulatory requirements. Nevertheless, considering the nature and scope of Dollar’s and Thrifty’s businesses, it is possible that regulatory compliance problems could be encountered in the future.

 

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Environmental Matters

 

The principal environmental regulatory requirements applicable to Dollar and Thrifty operations relate to the ownership, storage or use of petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel and new and used motor oil; the treatment or discharge of waste waters; and the generation, storage, transportation and off-site treatment or disposal of waste materials. Dollar and Thrifty own 10 and lease 117 locations where petroleum products are stored in underground or above-ground tanks. For owned and leased properties, Dollar and Thrifty have programs designed to maintain compliance with applicable technical and operational requirements, including leak detection testing of underground storage tanks, and to provide financial assurance for remediation of spills or releases.

 

The historical and current uses of the Dollar and Thrifty facilities may have resulted in spills or releases of various hazardous materials or wastes or petroleum products ("Hazardous Substances") that now, or in the future, could require remediation. The Company also may be subject to requirements related to remediation of Hazardous Substances that have been released into the environment at properties it owns or operates, or owned or operated in the past, or at properties to which it sends, or has sent, Hazardous Substances for treatment or disposal. Such remediation requirements generally are imposed without regard to fault, and liability for any required environmental remediation can be substantial.

 

Dollar and Thrifty may be eligible for reimbursement or payment of remediation costs associated with releases from registered underground storage tanks in states that have established funds to assist in the payment of such remediation costs. Subject to certain deductibles, the availability of funds, the compliance status of the tanks and the nature of the release, these tank funds may be available to Dollar and Thrifty for use in remediating releases from their tank systems.

 

At certain facilities, Dollar and Thrifty presently are investigating or remediating soil or groundwater contamination. Based on currently available information, the Company does not believe that the costs associated with environmental investigation or remediation will be material. However, additional contamination could be identified or occur in the future.

 

The use of automobiles and other vehicles is subject to various governmental requirements designed to limit environmental damage, including that caused by emissions and noise. Generally, these requirements are met by the manufacturer except, on occasion, equipment failure requiring repair by the Company.

 

Environmental legislation and regulations and related administrative policies have changed rapidly in recent years. There is a risk that governmental environmental requirements, or enforcement thereof, may become more stringent in the future and that the Company may be subject to additional legal proceedings at other locations brought by government agencies or private parties for environmental matters. In addition, with respect to cleanup of contamination, additional locations at which wastes generated by the Company may have been released or disposed, and of which the Company is currently unaware, may in the future become the subject of cleanup for which the Company may be liable, in whole or part. Accordingly, while the Company believes that it is in substantial compliance with applicable requirements of environmental laws, there can be no assurance that the Company’s future environmental liabilities will not be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations or cash flows.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2005, the Company employed a total of approximately 8,400 full-time and part-time employees. Approximately 250 of the Company’s employees were subject to collective bargaining agreements as of December 31, 2005. The Company believes its relationship with its employees is good.

Table of Contents

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

 

Expanding upon the factors discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section provided at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following are important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements that we made. In addition, not all risks and uncertainties are described below. Risks that we do not know about could arise and issues we now view as minor could become more important. If we are unable to adequately respond to any of these risks, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

- 16 -

 

 

Economic Conditions

 

Our results are affected by general economic conditions in the United States and Canada. A poor economy has historically led to a decline in both business and leisure travel and to lower demand for rental vehicles resulting in lower industry revenues. We have the flexibility to reduce our rental fleet size in the event of an unexpected reduction in rental demand, which partially offsets the related reduction in revenues. The disposal of vehicles for which we retain the used car market value risk will be subject to prevailing market prices.

 

Highly Competitive Nature of the Vehicle Rental Industry

 

There is intense competition in the vehicle rental industry, especially on price and service. The Internet has increased brand exposure and gives more details on rental prices to consumers and increases price competition. The vehicle rental industry primarily consists of eight major brands, all of which compete strongly for rental customers. A significant increase in industry capacity or a reduction in overall demand could adversely affect our ability to maintain or increase rental rates.

 

Dependence on Air Travel

 

We get approximately 90% of our rental revenues from airport locations and airport arriving customers. The number of airline passengers has a significant impact on our business. Mergers and acquisitions in the airline industry and airline restructuring through bankruptcy may cause airlines to reduce flight schedules which could adversely impact the number of airline passengers. A significant reduction in airline passengers or any event that significantly disrupts air travel could negatively impact our results.

 

Concentration in Leisure Destinations

 

We have a significant presence in key leisure destinations and earn a large portion of our revenue from these markets. Rental revenue from Florida, Hawaii, California and Nevada represented over 60% of our total rental revenue in 2005. Reductions in leisure travel to these destinations resulting from natural disasters, terrorist acts, general economic conditions or other factors would have a material impact on our results.

 

Vehicle Supply

 

Our vehicle supply agreement with DaimlerChrysler extends through model year 2010 and we generally purchase 80% to 90% of our vehicles from DaimlerChrysler. Under the vehicle supply agreement, we must purchase 75% of our vehicles from DaimlerChrysler up to certain targeted volumes and DaimlerChrysler has agreed to provide us certain minimum volumes of vehicles. The vehicle supply agreement also requires that 80% of the vehicles at the targeted volumes be vehicles covered by a manufacturer program that guarantees the value of the vehicle at the time of sale.

 

Our yearly vehicle requirements usually exceed the amounts that DaimlerChrysler has agreed to provide under the vehicle supply agreement. Historically, DaimlerChrysler has agreed to sell us more vehicles than we must buy under the vehicle supply agreement. We have also acquired vehicles from other manufacturers to meet our vehicle requirements. We depend on DaimlerChrysler to continue to provide vehicles above the amounts included in the vehicle supply agreement. Alternatively, we have the ability to purchase vehicles from other manufacturers to satisfy our ongoing vehicle requirements. Each year, we negotiate these purchase agreements that are outside the vehicle supply agreement. The inability of any of the major vehicle manufacturers to sell enough vehicles to the industry could adversely affect our results.

 

Market Risk in Vehicle Disposition

 

We have generally retained the used car market value risk on 15% to 30% of our vehicles and may increase this percentage in the future. The depreciation costs for these vehicles are dependent on the strength of used car prices at the time of sale. A large unexpected decline in used car prices would have a significant adverse impact on our results.

 

- 17 -

 

 

Third Party Internet Sites

 

The Internet has had a significant impact on the way travel companies get reservations. For 2005, we got 62% of our non-tour reservations from the Internet, with 38% coming from our own Internet Web sites, dollar.com and thrifty.com. The remaining 24% of non-tour reservations were provided by third party Internet sites. No single third party Internet site provides more than 6% of our non-tour reservations.

 

Future changes in the way travel is sold over the Internet or changes in our relationship with third party Internet sites could result in reduced reservations from one or more of these sites and less revenue.

 

Liability Insurance Risk

 

We are exposed to claims for personal injury, death and property damage resulting from accidents involving our rental customers and the use of our cars. In March 2006, we increased the level of self-insurance to $4.0 million per occurrence with an additional aggregate exposure of $7.0 million and increased the level of self-insurance for general and garage liability to $5.0 million. We maintain insurance coverage for liability claims above these self-insurance levels. A significant change in amount and frequency of uninsured liability claims could negatively impact our results.

 

Vehicle Financing

 

We depend on the capital markets for financing our vehicles using primarily asset backed financing programs. We use our cash and letters of credit under our bank loan facility to provide more collateral for these financing programs at different levels for vehicles covered by manufacturer programs that guarantee the value of the vehicle at time of sale and vehicles not covered by these manufacturer programs. The collateral requirements are lower for those vehicles covered by manufacturer programs particularly when the manufacturer has a strong credit rating. Significant changes to our vehicle mix by manufacturer or adverse changes to the credit ratings of the related manufacturers could materially increase the amount of collateral required to finance our vehicle fleet. In addition, any difficulty in accessing the asset backed financing markets could materially impact our ability or the cost of financing our vehicle fleet.

Table of Contents

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

None.

Table of Contents

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

 

The Company owns its headquarters located at 5330 East 31st Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma. This location is a three building office complex that houses the headquarters and Tulsa reservation centers for Dollar and Thrifty. These buildings and the related improvements were mortgaged in December 1997 to Credit Suisse, as administrative agent for a syndicate of banks. The mortgage was executed in connection with the Revolving Credit Facility, as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

 

In connection with the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company also executed mortgages in favor of Credit Suisse encumbering its real property located in Tampa, Las Vegas, Phoenix, Ft. Lauderdale, Dallas, Houston and Salt Lake City.

 

The Company owns or leases real property used for company-owned stores and office facilities, and in some cases owns real property that is leased to franchisees or other third parties. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s company-owned operations were carried on at 369 locations in the United States and Canada, the majority of which are leased. Dollar and Thrifty each operate company-owned stores under concession agreements with various governmental authorities charged with the operation of airports. Concession agreements for airport locations, which are usually competitively bid, are important for securing air traveler business.

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

On November 2, 1994, the City of San Jose, California filed an action in the Superior Court of California, against Chevron, Dollar and others, seeking unspecified compensatory and punitive damages and injunctive relief. The suit relates to pollution at a site currently occupied by Dollar and formerly occupied by Chevron. Dollar has partially remediated the affected soil, but not the allegedly affected ground water. Dollar believes that prior uses of the site by others resulted in any remaining contamination at the site. No discovery is in process nor is there active prosecution by the plaintiff against Dollar.

 

In addition to the foregoing, various legal actions, claims and governmental inquiries and proceedings are pending or may be instituted or asserted in the future against the Company. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of the individual litigated matters is not predictable with assurance. It is possible that certain of the actions, claims, inquiries or proceedings, including the one discussed above, could be decided unfavorably to the Company. Although the final resolution of any such matters could have a material effect on the Company's consolidated operating results for the particular reporting period in which an adjustment of the estimated liability is recorded, the Company believes that any resulting liability should not materially affect its consolidated financial position.

Table of Contents

ITEM 4.

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2005.

 

PART II

Table of Contents

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER

  MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

The Company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the trading symbol “DTG.” The high and low closing sales prices for the Common Stock for each quarterly period during 2005 and 2004 were as follows:

                                       
          First
Quarter
    Second
Quarter
    Third
Quarter
    Fourth
Quarter
 
         
   
   
   
 
 
                                 
   
2005
                               
                                       
   
High
  $ 33.45     $ 37.98     $ 38.79     $ 38.65  
                                       
   
Low
  $ 28.65     $ 32.01     $ 29.38     $ 31.20  
                                       
                                       
   
2004
                               
                                       
   
High
  $ 27.15     $ 27.87     $ 27.75     $ 30.20  
                                       
   
Low
  $ 23.95     $ 24.30     $ 23.80     $ 22.90  
                                       
                                       

The 25,268,442 shares of Common Stock outstanding at February 28, 2006 were held by approximately 9,900 registered and beneficial stockholders of record.

 

The Company has not paid cash dividends since completion of its initial public offering in December 1997. In light of the recently announced share repurchase program, the Company does not presently intend to pay cash dividends. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation – Share Repurchase Program”.

 

Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility, restrictions were imposed by the lenders on the payment of cash dividends and share repurchases. During the term of such agreement, which expires April 1, 2009, share repurchases and dividends are permitted at the lesser of specified monetary levels or percentages of cash flow. In March 2006, the Company amended the Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things, increase the annual level of allowable share repurchases, increase self-insurance retention limits and increase the level of spending for non-vehicle capital assets. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation – Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

 

- 19 -

 

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

The following table sets forth certain information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 with respect to the Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan and Director Equity Plan (“LTIP”) under which Common Stock of the Company is authorized for issuance:

 

   Plan Category
 
   
 
Number of Securities
to be Issued Upon
Exercise of Outstanding
Options, Warrants and Rights   
(a)
 
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
   Warrants and Rights   
(b)
Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation
Plans (Excluding
   Securities in Column (a))
(c)

     
Equity compensation plans                    
approved by security holders           956,172     $17.44     302,045(1)  
     
Equity compensation plans not    
approved by security holders           None     None     None  

 

   
Total           956,172     $17.44     302,045(1)  

 

   

 

(1)

At December 31, 2005, total common stock authorized for issuance was 2,818,107 shares, which included 956,172 unexercised option rights and 1,559,890 Performance Shares, assuming a maximum 200% target payout for all Performance Shares granted. The Performance Shares ultimately issued will likely be less (refer to Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.) The remaining common stock available for future issuance at December 31, 2005 is 302,045 shares.

 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

During the third quarter of 2005, the Company suspended the share repurchase program. This suspension remained in effect throughout the remainder of 2005, while the Company's Board of Directors was reviewing strategic alternatives. There were no share repurchases made by the Company during the fourth quarter of 2005. In 2005, the Company repurchased 681,300 shares of common stock at an average price of $33.04 per share totaling $22.5 million.

 

On February 9, 2006, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $300 million share repurchase program to replace the existing $100 million program of which $44.7 million had been used through December 31, 2005 to repurchase shares. This new $300 million share repurchase program will extend through December 31, 2008.

 

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

Selected Consolidated Financial Data of the Company

 

The selected consolidated financial data was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company. The system-wide data and company-owned stores data were derived from Company records.

                                                   
              Year Ended December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003     2002     2001  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Statements of Income:
                                       
 
(in thousands except per share amounts)
                                       
 
                                       
Revenues:
                                       
 
Vehicle rentals
  $ 1,395,073     $ 1,276,023     $ 1,014,121     $ 897,384     $ 821,834  
 
Vehicle leasing
    63,465       80,456       144,368       168,792       162,204  
 
Fees and services
    49,450       54,176       54,149       56,237       56,057  
 
Other
    14,467       13,325       15,248       10,781       10,075  
             
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total revenues
    1,522,455       1,423,980       1,227,886       1,133,194       1,050,170  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Costs and expenses:
                                 
 
Direct vehicle and operating
    832,089       735,451       524,528       416,954       401,417  
 
Vehicle depreciation and lease
charges, net
    265,283       293,684       387,242       367,752       354,394  
 
Selling, general and
administrative
    236,055       223,109       189,575       177,562       169,599  
 
Interest expense, net
    88,208       90,868       89,296       93,427       92,365  
 
Amortization of goodwill
    -       -       -       -       6,178  
             
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total costs and expenses
    1,421,635       1,343,112       1,190,641       1,055,695       1,023,953  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Income before income taxes
    100,820       80,868       37,245       77,499       26,217  
 
Income tax expense
    42,467       33,808       17,405       30,668       12,380  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Income before cumulative effect of
a change in accounting principle
    58,353       47,060       19,840       46,831       13,837  
 
                                       
Cumulative effect of a change in
accounting principle
    -       3,730       -       -       -  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Net income
  $ 58,353     $ 50,790     $ 19,840     $ 46,831     $ 13,837  
             
   
   
   
   
 
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE: (1)
                                 
 
Income before cumulative effect of a change
   in accounting principle
  $ 2.32     $ 1.89     $ 0.81     $ 1.93     $ 0.57  
 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle
    -       0.15       -       -       -  
             
   
   
   
   
 
 
Net income
  $ 2.32     $ 2.04     $ 0.81     $ 1.93     $ 0.57  
             
   
   
   
   
 
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE: (1)
                                 
 
Income before cumulative effect of a change
   in accounting principle
  $ 2.21     $ 1.79     $ 0.78     $ 1.88     $ 0.57  
 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle
    -       0.14       -       -       -  
             
   
   
   
   
 
 
Net income
  $ 2.21     $ 1.94     $ 0.78     $ 1.88     $ 0.57  
             
   
   
   
   
 
 
                                       
 
                                       
 
                                       

 

 

                                                   
              Year Ended December 31,  
             
 
              2005     2004     2003     2002     2001  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Balance Sheet Data:
                                       
 
(in thousands)
                                       
 
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 274,299     $ 204,453     $ 192,006     $ 143,485     $ 37,532  
Restricted cash and investments
  $ 785,290     $ 455,215     $ 536,547     $ 334,849     $ 48,090  
Revenue-earning vehicles, net
  $ 2,214,991     $ 2,267,982     $ 2,136,719     $ 2,006,644     $ 1,525,553  
Total assets
  $ 4,003,539     $ 3,621,251     $ 3,412,499     $ 3,115,477     $ 2,163,692  
Total debt
  $ 2,724,952     $ 2,500,426     $ 2,442,162     $ 2,224,303     $ 1,516,733  
Stockholders' equity
  $ 685,285     $ 603,469     $ 533,457     $ 499,481     $ 463,321  

(1)  Since basic and diluted earnings per share are computed independently for each period and category, total per share amounts may
       not equal the sum of the respective categories.

 

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U. S. and Canada

                                                     
                Year Ended December 31,  
               
 
                2005     2004     2003     2002     2001  
               
   
   
   
   
 
System-wide Data:
                                       
 
                                       
Rental locations:
                                         
 
Company-owned stores
    369       352       310       224       193  
 
Franchisee locations
    487       507       513       579       676  
               
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total rental locations
    856       859       823       803       869  
               
   
   
   
   
 
 
Average number of vehicles operated
during the period by company-owned
stores and franchisees
  149,659       147,239       136,757       128,968       130,252  
 
Peak number of vehicles operated
during the period by company-owned
stores and franchisees
  183,291       179,304       167,755       158,758       159,993  
 
Company-owned Stores Data:
                                       
 
                                         
Vehicle rental data:
                                       
Average number of vehicles operated
    113,002       102,159       80,302       69,272       68,696  
Number of rental days
    34,909,560       31,831,062       24,654,084       21,056,362       20,640,229  
Vehicle utilization
    84.6 %     85.1 %     84.1 %     83.3 %     82.3 %
Average revenue per day
  $ 39.96     $ 40.09     $ 41.13     $ 42.62     $ 39.82  
Monthly average revenue per vehicle
  $ 1,029     $ 1,041     $ 1,052     $ 1,080     $ 997  
 
Vehicle leasing data:
                                       
Average number of vehicles leased
    12,269       17,519       26,917       30,917       30,087  
Average monthly lease revenue per unit
  $ 431     $ 383     $ 447     $ 455     $ 449  

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

 

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION

 

Overview

 

The Company operates two value rental car brands, Dollar and Thrifty. The majority of its customers pick up their vehicles at airport locations. Both brands are value priced and the Company seeks to be the industry’s low cost provider. Leisure customers rent vehicles for longer periods than business customers, on average, providing lower transaction costs. The Company believes its vehicle utilization is consistently higher than that of its competitors.

 

Both Dollar and Thrifty operate through a network of company-owned stores and franchisees. The majority of the Company’s revenue is generated from renting vehicles to customers through company-owned stores, with lesser amounts generated by fees and leasing revenue from franchisees.

 

Throughout 2005, the Company’s revenues were positively impacted by franchise acquisitions and stronger rental demand due to increased travel. Total rental day volume increased 9.7% with same store volume increasing by 1.8%. However, year over year revenue growth was negatively impacted by full year 2005 revenue per day being down 0.3%. Airline passenger enplanements, an important driver for airport rental car demand, continued to grow in 2005. During the third and fourth quarters of 2005, travel into the Gulf coast was negatively impacted by three hurricanes.

 

During 2005, the Company achieved lower vehicle depreciation costs by changing the mix of vehicles in the fleet to include a higher proportion of Non-Program Vehicles, allowing the Company to take advantage of the strong used car market.

 

During the second quarter of 2005, the Company's reservation growth was negatively impacted by its decision to change to non-preferred status with Expedia, which previously in 2004 had accounted for approximately 7% of the Company's total revenue and 11% of total reservations. During the remainder of 2005, the Company worked to recapture this lost volume through other Internet channels, specifically its owned branded Web sites, dollar.com and thrifty.com.

 

On August 10, 2005, the federal "Highway Bill" was signed into law, which removed unlimited vicarious liability for vehicle rental and leasing companies. This law change limits the Company's exposure for liability insurance to state minimum financial responsibility amounts and will save the Company an estimated $12 million to $14 million annually. In 2005, the Company's insurance costs decreased approximately $6 million due to the law change.

 

Beginning in 2003, the Company implemented a single operating company structure organized around functions rather than organized solely around the brand. This structure focuses on operating both the Dollar and Thrifty brands with a single management team, sharing systems, vehicles, back-office employees and service facilities, where possible. The Company believes this is a more efficient operating model. The Company has combined its information technology systems to gain efficiencies and facilitate additional growth.

 

The Company has made significant progress in transitioning the Thrifty business model from a franchise model to a corporate operating model, similar to Dollar’s business model. The Company’s long term strategy is to operate both brands as corporate stores in the top 75 U.S. airport markets, the top eight Canadian airport markets and in other key leisure destinations, and to operate through franchisees in the smaller markets and in markets outside the U.S. and Canada. During 2005, the Company acquired franchise operations in seven U.S. markets and opened two U.S. greenfield locations. During 2005, rental day volume increased by over 7.9% in company-owned stores as a result of franchisee acquisitions and the opening of greenfield locations. The Company expects to continue to fund all remaining franchisee acquisitions with cash from operations.

 

The Company’s profitability is primarily a function of the volume and pricing of rental transactions, utilization of the vehicles and the volume and pricing of vehicles leased to franchisees. Significant changes in the purchase or disposal price of vehicles or interest rates can also have a significant effect on the Company’s profitability, depending on the ability of the Company to adjust pricing and lease rates for these changes. The Company’s business requires significant expenditures for vehicles and consequently, requires substantial liquidity to finance such expenditures.

 

- 23 -

 

 

The Company expects its ongoing cash flow to exceed cash required to operate the business. Therefore in 2005, the Company repurchased 681,300 shares for a total of $22.5 million. The Company has repurchased 1,551,600 shares at a cost of $44.7 million since announcing the share repurchase program in July 2003. The Company expects to increase share repurchases significantly in 2006 as it announced in February 2006 a new $300 million share repurchase program, which will extend through December 31, 2008, to replace the existing program.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth the percentage of total revenues in the Company’s consolidated statements of income:

                                   
              Year Ended December 31,
             
              2005   2004   2003
             
 
 
Revenues:
                       
 
Vehicle rentals
    91.6 %     89.6 %     82.6 %
 
Vehicle leasing
    4.2       5.7       11.8  
 
Fees and services
    3.2       3.8       4.4  
 
Other
    1.0       0.9       1.2  
             
 
 
   
Total revenues
    100.0       100.0       100.0  
             
 
 
                 
Costs and expenses:
                       
 
Direct vehicle and operating
    54.7       51.6       42.7  
 
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net
    17.4       20.6       31.6  
 
Selling, general and administrative
    15.5       15.7       15.4  
 
Interest expense, net
    5.8       6.4       7.3  
             
 
 
   
Total costs and expenses
    93.4       94.3       97.0  
             
 
 
Income before income taxes
    6.6       5.7       3.0  
                 
Income tax expense
    2.8       2.4       1.4  
             
 
 
Income before cumulative effect of
  a change in accounting principle
    3.8       3.3       1.6  
                 
Cumulative effect of a change in
  accounting principle
    -       0.3       -  
             
 
 
Net income
    3.8 %     3.6 %     1.6 %
             
 
 

 

The Company’s revenues consist of:

 

Vehicle rental revenue generated from renting vehicles to customers through company-owned stores.

 

Vehicle leasing revenue generated from leasing vehicles to franchisees.

 

Fees and services revenue generated from continuing franchise fees and providing services to franchisees.

 

Other revenue generated from miscellaneous sources.

 

The Company’s expenses consist of:

 

Direct vehicle and operating expense related to the rental of revenue-earning vehicles to customers and the leasing of vehicles to franchisees.

 

Vehicle depreciation and lease charges net of gains and losses on vehicle disposal and payments received on manufacturer promotional and incentive programs.

 

Selling, general and administrative expense, which primarily includes headquarters personnel expenses, advertising and marketing expenses, most information technology expenses and administrative expenses.

 

- 24 -

 

 

 

Interest expense, net which includes interest expense on vehicle related debt, net of interest earned on restricted and unrestricted cash.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2004

 

Operating Results

 

The Company had income before income taxes of $100.8 million for 2005 as compared to income before income taxes and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle of $80.9 million in 2004. The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle in 2004 was $3.7 million. This change in accounting principle related to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46(R) by the Company effective March 31, 2004 (see Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

 

Revenues

 

                                           
                          $ Increase/     % Increase/  
              2005     2004     (decrease)     (decrease)  
             
   
   
   
              (in millions)  
 
                               
 
Vehicle rentals
  $ 1,395.1     $ 1,276.0     $ 119.1       9.3 %
 
Vehicle leasing
    63.5       80.5       (17.0 )     (21.1 %)
 
Fees and services
    49.4       54.2       (4.8 )     (8.7 %)
 
Other
    14.5       13.3       1.2       8.6 %
             
   
   
   
 
   Total revenues
  $ 1,522.5     $ 1,424.0     $ 98.5       6.9 %
             
   
   
   
 
                               
 
Vehicle rental metrics:
                               
 
Number of rental days (including
new stores)
    34,909,560       31,831,062       3,078,498       9.7 %
 
Number of rental days (excluding
new stores)
    32,392,998       31,831,062       561,936       1.8 %
 
Average revenue per day
  $ 39.96     $ 40.09     $ (0.13 )     (0.3 %)
 
                               
 
Vehicle leasing metrics:
                               
 
Average number of vehicles leased
    12,269       17,519       (5,250 )     (30.0 %)
 
Average monthly lease revenue per unit
  $ 431     $ 383     $ 48       12.5 %

 

Vehicle rental revenue increased 9.3% due to a 9.7% increase in rental days totaling $123.4 million, partially offset by a 0.3% decrease in revenue per day totaling $4.3 million. Rental days grew by 7.9% due to 2004 franchisee acquisitions that had not yet annualized, 2005 franchisee acquisitions and greenfield locations, and by 1.8% from same store growth.

 

Vehicle leasing revenue decreased 21.1%, due to a 30.0% decrease in the average lease fleet totaling $24.1 million, partially offset by a 12.5% increase in the average lease rate totaling $7.1 million. The decline in volume was due to fewer vehicles leased to franchisees, which is primarily attributable to the shift of several locations from franchised operations to corporate operations resulting from the Company’s acquisition strategy.

 

Fees and services revenue decreased 8.7% primarily due to lower revenues from franchisees resulting from the shift of several locations from franchised operations to corporate operations.

 

 

- 25 -

 

 

Expenses

 

                                           
                                        $ Increase/     % Increase/  
                  2005            2004        (decrease)     (decrease)  
             
   
   
   
              (in millions)  
 
                               
 
Direct vehicle and operating
  $ 832.1     $ 735.4     $ 96.7       13.1 %
 
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net
    265.3       293.7       (28.4 )     (9.7 %)
 
Selling, general and administrative
    236.0       223.1       12.9       5.8 %
 
Interest expense, net of interest income
    88.2       90.9       (2.7 )     (2.9 %)
             
   
   
   
 
   Total expenses
  $ 1,421.6     $ 1,343.1     $ 78.5       5.8 %
             
   
   
   

Direct vehicle and operating expense increased $96.7 million, primarily due to higher fleet and transaction levels and to cost increases. As a percent of revenue, direct vehicle and operating expenses were 54.7% in 2005, compared to 51.6% in 2004.

 

The increase in direct vehicle and operating expense in 2005 resulted from the following:

 

 

Personnel related expenses increased $30.2 million. During the year, salary expenses increased approximately $18.9 million due to an increase in the number of employees, $7.0 million from merit increases and $3.8 million related to group health insurance increases due to rising insurance costs and increased employment.

 

 

Vehicle related costs increased $29.0 million. This increase resulted primarily from increases in vehicle damage expense of $9.7 million, gas expense of $9.4 million and cost related to disposal of the fleet of $7.5 million. All other fleet related expenses increased $7.0 million and were partially offset by a decrease in vehicle insurance expense of $4.6 million, primarily related to a decrease in insurance reserves. The decrease in insurance reserves was a result of favorable developments in claims history and to a change in the vicarious liability law, which imposed liability on vehicle owners for acts by vehicle drivers. The federal “Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users”, referred to as the “Highway Bill”, was signed into law on August 10, 2005, and removes unlimited vicarious liability for vehicle rental and leasing companies, limiting the Company’s exposure to state minimum financial responsibility amounts.

 

 

Facility and airport concession expenses increased $22.2 million. This increase resulted primarily from increases in concession fees, which are paid primarily to airports and are based on a percentage of revenue generated from the airport facility, of $11.2 million, rent expense of $5.5 million, building repairs and maintenance expense of $2.5 and $3.0 million from all other facility expenses including expenses such as utilities and real estate taxes.

 

Net vehicle depreciation and lease charges decreased $28.4 million. As a percent of revenue, net vehicle depreciation expense and lease charges were 17.4% in 2005, compared to 20.6% in 2004.

 

The decrease in net vehicle depreciation and lease charges in 2005 resulted from the following:

 

 

Net vehicle gains on the disposal of Non-Program Vehicles, which reduce vehicle depreciation and lease charges, increased $18.4 million. This increase resulted from an increase in the number of units sold as the Company took advantage of the strong used car market, and an increase in the average gain per unit.

 

 

Leasing charges, for vehicles leased from third parties, decreased $7.4 million due to a decrease in the average number of vehicles leased.

 

 

- 26 -

 

 

 

Vehicle depreciation expense decreased $2.6 million, resulting primarily from a 6.7% decrease in the average depreciation rate, partially offset by a 6.2% increase in depreciable fleet. The decrease in depreciation rate was primarily the result of a shift in the fleet to lower cost units including a higher proportion of Non-Program Vehicles, which was partially offset by an increase in depreciation rates on Program Vehicles.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2005 increased $12.9 million, resulting from a $12.2 million increase in general and administrative expenses and a $0.7 million increase in sales and marketing expenses. As a percent of revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses were 15.5% in 2005, compared to 15.7% in 2004.

 

The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2005 resulted from the following:

 

 

Personnel related expenses increased $8.6 million. Salary expense increased $4.9 million resulting primarily from merit increases. Incentive compensation increased $2.6 million due to increased pretax income in 2005. Group health insurance increased $0.9 million, related to rising insurance costs.

 

 

Other general and administrative expenses increased $3.6 million primarily in the categories of depreciation and amortization expense, communications expense, computer and networking expenses and bad debt expense.

 

Net interest expense decreased $2.7 million in 2005 primarily due to an increase in earnings on restricted and unrestricted cash balances, which reduce interest expense, partially offset by an increase in average vehicle debt. As a percent of revenue, net interest expense was 5.8% in 2005, compared to 6.4% in 2004.

 

The income tax provision for 2005 was $42.5 million. The effective income tax rate for 2005 was 42.1% compared to 41.8% in 2004. The Company reports taxable income for the U.S. and Canada in separate tax jurisdictions and establishes provisions separately for each jurisdiction. On a separate, domestic basis, the U.S. effective tax rate approximates the statutory tax rate including the effect of state income taxes. However, no income tax benefit was recorded for Canadian losses in 2005 or 2004, thus, increasing the consolidated effective tax rate compared to the U.S. effective tax rate.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2004 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2003

 

Operating Results

 

The Company had income before income taxes and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle of $80.9 million for 2004 as compared to $37.2 million in 2003. The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle was $3.7 million. This change in accounting principle relates to the adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) by the Company effective March 31, 2004. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. Income before income taxes in 2003 was reduced by $22.1 million due to the implementation of Emerging Issues Task Force No. 02-16 (“EITF No. 02-16”). See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

 

 

- 27 -

 

 

Revenues

 

                                           
                          $ Increase/     % Increase/  
              2004     2003     (decrease)     (decrease)  
             
   
   
   
              (in millions)  
 
                               
 
Vehicle rentals
  $ 1,276.0     $ 1,014.1     $ 261.9       25.8 %
 
Vehicle leasing
    80.5       144.4       (63.9 )     (44.3 %)
 
Fees and services
    54.2       54.2       -       0.0 %
 
Other
    13.3       15.2       (1.9 )     (12.6 %)
             
   
   
   
 
   Total revenues
  $ 1,424.0     $ 1,227.9     $ 196.1       16.0 %
             
   
   
   
 
                               
 
Vehicle rental metrics:
                               
 
Number of rental days (including
new stores)
    31,831,062       24,654,084       7,176,978       29.1 %
 
Number of rental days (excluding
new stores)
    27,226,402       24,654,084       2,572,318       10.4 %
 
Average revenue per day
  $ 40.09     $ 41.13     $ (1.04 )     (2.5 %)
 
                               
 
Vehicle leasing metrics:
                               
 
Average number of vehicles leased
    17,519       26,917       (9,398 )     (34.9 %)
 
Average monthly lease revenue per unit
  $ 383     $ 447     $ (64 )     (14.3 %)

 

Vehicle rental revenue increased 25.8% due to a 29.1% increase in rental days totaling $295.2 million, partially offset by a 2.5% decrease in revenue per day totaling $33.3 million. Vehicle rental revenue grew by 17.2% due to 2003 franchisee acquisitions that had not yet annualized, 2004 franchisee acquisitions and greenfield locations, and by 8.6% from same store growth.

 

Vehicle leasing revenue decreased 44.3%, due to a 34.9% decrease in the average lease fleet totaling $50.4 million and to a 14.3% decrease in the average lease rate totaling $13.5 million. The decline in volume was due to fewer vehicles leased to franchisees, which is primarily attributable to the shift of several locations from franchised operations to corporate operations in line with the Company’s acquisition strategy.

 

Fees and services revenue was flat year over year; however, such revenue increased in 2004 due to revenues associated with Thrifty Rent-A-Car System, Inc. National Advertising Committee (“Thrifty National Ad”), which were $8.1 million and beginning April 1, 2004, were included in the Company’s consolidated results due to adopting FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”, as amended in December 2003 (“FIN No. 46(R)”), an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51. This increase in fees and services revenue was offset by lower revenues from franchisees due to the shift of several locations from franchised operations to corporate operations.

 

 

- 28 -

 

 

Expenses

 

                                           
                                        $ Increase/     % Increase/  
                  2004            2003        (decrease)     (decrease)  
             
   
   
   
              (in millions)  
 
                               
 
Direct vehicle and operating
  $ 735.4     $ 524.5     $ 210.9       40.2 %
 
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net
    293.7       387.2       (93.5 )     (24.2 %)
 
Selling, general and administrative
    223.1       189.6       33.5       17.7 %
 
Interest expense, net of interest income
    90.9       89.3       1.6       1.8 %
             
   
   
   
 
   Total expenses
  $ 1,343.1     $ 1,190.6     $ 152.5       12.8 %
             
   
   
   

 

Direct vehicle and operating expenses increased $210.9 million, of which $153.9 million was due to higher fleet and transaction levels resulting primarily from the operation of additional corporate stores and increased rental demand. Most of this increase is attributable to increases in personnel related expenses of $55.2 million, vehicle related costs of $36.9 million, facility and airport concession expenses of $31.8 million and commissions of $12.0 million. Additionally, the Company increased vehicle insurance reserves by $6.1 million and workers’ compensation reserves by $2.6 million to reflect changes in actuarial estimates. In the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company adopted EITF No. 02-16, which requires promotional incentives to be classified as a reduction of vehicle capitalized costs and consequently a reduction to vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net, on a prospective basis rather than direct vehicle and operating expenses. Consequently, direct vehicle and operating expenses were reduced by $48.3 million for 2003, relating to promotional payments, which are classified as a reduction of vehicle depreciation expense in 2004. Direct vehicle and operating expenses were 51.6% of revenue in 2004, compared to 42.7% of revenue in 2003.

 

Net vehicle depreciation and lease charges decreased $93.5 million, of which $69.5 million of the decrease was due to classifying promotional incentives as a reduction in vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net, under the guidance of EITF No. 02-16 effective in the fourth quarter of 2003. These promotional incentives were previously recorded as a reduction to direct vehicle and operating expenses through September 30, 2003. Additionally, net vehicle gains on the disposal of Non-Program Vehicles were $23 million in 2004 compared to a loss of $1.9 million in 2003, due to lower acquisition costs and to an improved used car market. Lease charges, for vehicles leased from third parties, increased $8.1 million due to an increase in the number of vehicles leased. Vehicle depreciation expenses also decreased $7.2 million due to a 9.9% decrease in the average depreciation rate resulting from favorable manufacturer fleet programs, partially offset by an 8.9% increase in depreciable fleet. Net vehicle depreciation expense and lease charges were 20.6% of revenue in 2004, compared to 31.6% of revenue in 2003.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2004 increased $33.5 million. This increase was due primarily to a $13.7 million increase in sales and marketing costs and an $11.6 million increase in personnel related costs including a $4.3 million increase in expenses related to the Company’s performance based compensation plans. The remaining increase is principally due to costs associated with Thrifty National Ad which were $9.2 million and are included in the Company’s consolidated results as of April 1, 2004 due to the adoption of FIN No. 46(R). These costs are primarily offset by a corresponding increase in fees and services revenue, thus having minimal impact on net income. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 15.7% of revenue in 2004, compared to 15.4% of revenue in 2003.

 

Net interest expense increased $1.6 million in 2004 primarily due to an increase in average vehicle debt, partially offset by lower interest rates. Net interest expense was 6.4% of revenue in 2004, compared to 7.3% of revenue in 2003.

 

The income tax provision for 2004 was $33.8 million. The effective income tax rate for 2004 was 41.8% compared to 46.7% in 2003. This decrease in the effective tax rate was due primarily to higher U.S. pretax earnings in relation to Canadian pretax losses. The Company reports taxable income for the U.S. and Canada in separate tax jurisdictions and establishes provisions separately for each jurisdiction. On a separate, domestic basis, the U.S. effective tax rate approximates the statutory tax rate including the effect of state income taxes. However, no income tax benefit was recorded for Canadian losses in 2004 or 2003, thus, increasing the consolidated effective tax rate compared to the U.S. effective tax rate.

 

- 29 -

 

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The Company’s primary uses of liquidity are for the purchase of vehicles for its rental and leasing fleets, non-vehicle capital expenditures, franchisee acquisitions, share repurchases and for working capital. The Company uses both cash and letters of credit to support asset backed vehicle financing programs. The Company also uses letters of credit or insurance bonds to secure certain commitments related to airport concession agreements, insurance programs, and for other purposes.

 

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from operations, secured vehicle financing, the Revolving Credit Facility and insurance bonds. Cash generated by operating activities of $412.6 million for 2005 is primarily the result of net income, adjusted for depreciation, favorable tax programs (discussed below) which provided the Company deferral of tax payments on 2005 earnings to future years, and the increase in the reserve for public liability and property damage due to retaining risk of loss for insurance claims. The liquidity necessary for purchasing vehicles is primarily obtained from secured vehicle financing, most of which is proceeds from sale of asset backed notes, sales proceeds from disposal of used vehicles and cash generated by operating activities. The asset backed notes require varying levels of credit enhancement or overcollateralization, which are provided by a combination of cash, vehicles and letters of credit. These letters of credit are provided under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility.

 

The Company believes that its cash generated from operations, availability under its Revolving Credit Facility, insurance bonding programs and secured vehicle financing programs are adequate to meet its liquidity requirements for the foreseeable future. A portion of the secured vehicle financing is supported by 364-day term bank facilities, which are renewable annually. The renewals of these 364-day term bank facilities are expected to be completed on March 28, 2006. A significant portion of the secured vehicle financing consists of asset backed notes, which have varying maturities through 2010. The Company generally issues additional notes each year to replace maturing notes and provide for growth in its fleet. The Company believes the asset backed note market continues to be a viable source of vehicle financing and expects to issue additional notes during 2006, partially to replace maturing notes of $296 million. The Company has experienced some increases during the last few years in the level of credit enhancement or additional collateral required for new asset backed notes and the Commercial Paper Program. These increased requirements have reduced liquidity available for other corporate purposes. The Company believes it has sufficient resources to meet these requirements.

 

Cash used in investing activities was $556.6 million. The principal use of cash in investing activities was the purchase of revenue-earning vehicles, which totaled $3.9 billion, and was primarily offset by $3.7 billion in proceeds from the sale of used revenue-earning vehicles. The Company’s need for cash to finance vehicles is seasonal and typically peaks in the second and third quarters of the year when fleet levels build to meet seasonal rental demand. Fleet levels are the lowest in the first and fourth quarters when rental demand is at a seasonal low. Restricted cash at December 31, 2005 increased $330.1 million from the previous year due to a decrease in the fleet and an increase in debt compared to the prior year. The Company expects to continue to fund its revenue-earning vehicles with cash provided from operations and increased secured vehicle financing. The Company also used cash for non-vehicle capital expenditures of $31.8 million. These expenditures consist primarily of airport facility improvements for the Company’s rental locations and investments in information technology equipment and systems. The Company estimates non-vehicle capital expenditures to be approximately $60 million in 2006 as a result of increased airport facility projects and more significant upgrades in information technology equipment and systems. In addition, the Company used cash for franchisee acquisitions of $5.2 million in 2005 and will continue to pursue the acquisition of certain franchisee operations, subject to Revolving Credit Facility restrictions. Future franchisee acquisition expenditures are expected to be financed with available cash and cash to be provided from future operations.

 

Cash provided by financing activities was $213.8 million primarily due to the issuance of $400.0 million in asset backed notes in April 2005, an increase of $25.0 million under the asset backed Variable Funding Note Purchase Facility (the “Conduit Facility”), a net increase in the issuance of commercial paper totaling $405.6 million and stock option exercises of $17.0 million, partially reduced by the maturity of asset backed notes totaling $603.9 million and share repurchases totaling $22.5 million.

 

 

- 30 -

 

 

In March of 2002, Congress passed the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002, which includes a provision allowing bonus depreciation on certain depreciable assets, including vehicles, acquired after September 10, 2001 and before September 11, 2004. In May 2003, Congress passed the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, which increased the rate of bonus depreciation for assets acquired after May 5, 2003 and extended the benefit of this increased rate to assets acquired through December 31, 2004. The Acts significantly increase the amount of tax basis depreciation that can be claimed on the Company’s federal and some state tax returns. The Company utilizes a like-kind exchange program for its vehicles whereby tax basis gains on disposal of eligible revenue-earning vehicles are deferred (the “Like-Kind Exchange Program”). To qualify for Like-Kind Exchange Program treatment, the Company exchanges (through a qualified intermediary) vehicles being disposed of with vehicles being purchased allowing the Company to carry-over the tax basis of vehicles sold to replacement vehicles, with certain adjustments.

 

The Acts have minimized the payment of most cash income taxes and have allowed the Company to carry back benefits to obtain refunds of taxes paid in prior years. The Acts improve the Company’s liquidity position by increasing cash and cash equivalents due to significantly reduced cash required for tax payments and from refunds of taxes paid in prior years. The Like-Kind Exchange Program has extended the period in which the Company expects to pay reduced cash income taxes beyond when the bonus depreciation provision included in the Acts expired. The Like-Kind Exchange Program has significantly increased the amount of cash and investments restricted for the purchase of replacement vehicles, especially during seasonally reduced fleet periods. At December 31, 2005, restricted cash and investments totaled $785.3 million and are restricted for the acquisition of revenue-earning vehicles and other specified uses as defined under the asset backed note program, the Canadian fleet securitization partnership program and the Like-Kind Exchange Program. The majority of the restricted cash and investments balance is normally utilized in the second and third quarters for seasonal purchases.

 

Share Repurchase Program

 

In July 2003, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized spending up to $30 million to repurchase the Company’s shares of common stock over a two-year period in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. In December 2004, the Company expanded the share repurchase program by authorizing spending up to $100 million for share repurchases through December 2006. In 2005, the Company repurchased 681,300 shares of common stock at an average price of $33.04 per share totaling $22.5 million. Since inception of the share repurchase program through December 31, 2005, the Company has repurchased 1,551,600 shares of common stock at an average price of $28.82 per share totaling approximately $44.7 million, all of which were made in open market transactions.

 

During the third quarter of 2005, the Company suspended the share repurchase program. This suspension remained in effect throughout the remainder of 2005, while the Company's Board of Directors reviewed strategic alternatives. On February 9, 2006, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a new $300 million share repurchase program, which will extend through December 31, 2008, to replace the existing $100 million program.

 

To augment its share repurchase program, the Company has established a trading plan in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Rule 10b5-1”). The Company’s Rule 10b5-1 trading plan allows repurchases of the Company’s common stock during black-out periods by establishing a prearranged written plan to buy a specified number of shares of the Company’s common stock over a set period of time.

 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

 

The Company has various contractual commitments primarily related to asset backed notes, commercial paper and short-term borrowings outstanding for vehicle purchases, airport concession fee and operating lease commitments related to airport and other facilities, and vehicle purchases. The Company expects to fund these commitments with cash generated from operations, sales proceeds from disposal of used vehicles, the renewal of its 364-day bank facilities and continuation of asset backed note issuances as existing notes mature. The following table provides details regarding the Company’s contractual cash obligations and other commercial commitments subsequent to December 31, 2005:

 

- 31 -

 

 

                                                   
              Payments due or commitment expiration by period

(in thousands)
 
             
     2006     
   
2007-2008
   
2009-2010
    Beyond
     2010     
   
     Total     
 
             
   
   
   
   
 
Contractual cash obligations:
                                       
 
Asset backed notes (1)
  $ 351,472     $ 878,603     $ 423,384     $ -     $ 1,653,459  
 
Commercial paper outstanding (1)
    587,779       -       -       -       587,779  
 
Other short-term borrowings (1)
    687,196       -       -       -       687,196  
             
   
   
   
   
 
   
Subtotal - Vehicle debt and obligations
    1,626,447       878,603       423,384       -       2,928,434  
             
   
   
   
   
 
 
Operating lease commitments
    35,575       56,884       27,496       65,868       185,823  
 
Airport concession fee commitments
    54,375       84,462       36,852       83,892       259,581  
 
Vehicle purchase commitments
    1,557,073       -       -       -       1,557,073  
 
Other commitments
    11,367       13,217       10,198       -       34,782  
             
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total contractual cash obligations
  $ 3,284,837     $ 1,033,166     $ 497,930     $ 149,760     $ 4,965,693  
             
   
   
   
   
 
Other commercial commitments:
                                       
   
Letters of credit
  $ 69,417     $ 60,542     $ 14,400     $ -     $ 144,359  
             
   
   
   
   
 

 

(1) Further discussion of asset backed notes, commercial paper outstanding and short-term borrowings is below and in Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Amounts include both principal and interest payments. Amounts exclude related discounts, where applicable.

 

Asset Backed Notes

 

The asset backed note program is comprised of $1.51 billion in asset backed notes with maturities ranging from 2006 to 2010. Borrowings under the asset backed notes are secured by eligible vehicle collateral and bear interest at fixed rates ranging from 3.64% to 6.04% on $1.41 billion, including certain floating rate notes swapped to fixed rates, and at floating rates on $100 million of LIBOR plus 0.17%. Proceeds from the asset backed notes that are temporarily not utilized for financing vehicles and certain related receivables are maintained in restricted cash and investment accounts, which were approximately $755 million at December 31, 2005.

 

On April 21, 2005, RCFC issued $400 million of five-year asset backed notes (the “2005 Series Notes”) to replace maturing asset backed notes and provide for growth in the Company’s fleet. The 2005 Series Notes consist of $110 million 4.59% fixed rate notes and $290 million floating rate notes at LIBOR plus 0.17%. In conjunction with the issuance of the 2005 Series Notes, the Company also entered into interest rate swap agreements to convert $190 million of the floating rate debt to fixed rate debt at a 4.58% interest rate.

 

Conduit Facility

 

On March 30, 2005, the Company renewed its Variable Funding Note Purchase Facility (the “Conduit Facility”) for another 364-day period and increased the capacity from $350 million to $375 million. On February 1, 2006, the Company increased its Conduit Facility from $375 million to $525 million for the remaining term to expire March 28, 2006. The Conduit Facility is expected to be renewed for another 364-day period at $425 million effective March 28, 2006. Proceeds are used for financing of vehicle purchases and for a periodic refinancing of asset backed notes. The Conduit Facility generally bears interest at market-based commercial paper rates and is renewed annually.

 

Commercial Paper Program and Liquidity Facility

 

At December 31, 2005, the Company’s commercial paper program (the “Commercial Paper Program”) had a maximum capacity of $640 million supported by a $560 million, 364-day liquidity facility (the “Liquidity Facility”). Borrowings under the Commercial Paper Program are secured by eligible vehicle collateral and bear interest at market-based commercial paper rates. At December 31, 2005, the Company had $561 million in commercial paper outstanding under the Commercial Paper Program. The Commercial Paper Program and the Liquidity Facility are renewable annually. The Commercial Paper Program peaked in size on December 31, 2005 when it reached $561 million.

 

 

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The Commercial Paper Program is expected to be renewed for a 364-day period effective March 28, 2006, backed by a renewal of the Liquidity Facility.

 

Vehicle Debt and Obligations

 

The Company finances its Canadian vehicle fleet through a fleet securitization program where DTG Canada obtains vehicle financing funded through a bank commercial paper conduit. On June 21, 2005, the Company renewed the Canadian fleet securitization program for another five year term which expires May 31, 2010 and increased the capacity from CND $235 million to CND $300 million. At December 31, 2005, DTG Canada had approximately CND$132.9 million (US$114.3 million) funded under this program.

 

Vehicle manufacturer and bank lines of credit provided $297.7 million in capacity at December 31, 2005, a decrease of $110.1 million from December 31, 2004. This decrease is due to a decrease in a vehicle manufacturer line of credit, partially offset by an increase in the bank lines of credit. Borrowings of $166.2 million were outstanding under these lines at December 31, 2005. These lines of credit are secured by the vehicles financed under these facilities and are primarily renewable annually. The Company expects to continue using these sources of vehicle financing in 2006 and future years.

 

Revolving Credit Facility

 

The Company has a $300 million senior secured, revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) that expires on April 1, 2009. The Revolving Credit Facility is used to provide working capital borrowings and letters of credit. The availability of funds under the Revolving Credit Facility is subject to the Company’s continued compliance with certain covenants, including a covenant that sets the maximum amount the Company can spend annually on the acquisition of non-vehicle capital assets, and certain financial covenants including a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a limitation on cash dividends and share repurchases. In March 2006, the Company amended the Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things, increase the annual level of allowable share repurchases, increase self-insurance retention limits and increase the level of spending for non-vehicle capital assets. The Revolving Credit Facility permits letter of credit usage of up to $300 million and working capital borrowings of up to $100 million. At December 31, 2005, the Company had letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $135.8 million and no working capital borrowings. The Company uses letters of credit to support insurance programs, asset backed vehicle financing programs and airport concession and lease agreements. As of December 31, 2005, the Company is in compliance with all covenants.

 

Debt Servicing Requirements

 

The Company will continue to have substantial debt and debt service requirements under its financing arrangements. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s total consolidated debt and other obligations were approximately $2.7 billion, all of which was secured debt for the purchase of vehicles. The majority of the Company’s vehicle debt is issued by special purpose finance entities as described herein all of which are fully consolidated into the Company’s financial statements. The Company has scheduled annual principal payments of approximately $1.5 billion in 2006, $313 million in 2007, $500 million in 2008 and $400 million in 2010.

 

The Company intends to use cash generated from operations and from the sale of vehicles for debt service and, subject to restrictions under its debt instruments, to make capital investments and repurchase its shares. The Company has historically repaid its debt and funded its capital investments (aside from growth in its rental fleet) with cash provided from operations and from the sale of vehicles. The Company has funded growth in its vehicle fleet by incurring additional secured vehicle debt and with cash generated from operations. The Company expects to incur additional debt from time to time to the extent permitted under the terms of its debt instruments.

 

The Company has significant requirements for bonds and letters of credit to support its insurance programs and airport concession obligations. At December 31, 2005, various insurance companies had issued $39.1 million in bonds and various banks had issued $56.3 million in letters of credit to secure these obligations.

 

 

- 33 -

 

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

The Company’s results of operations depend significantly on prevailing levels of interest rates because of the large amount of debt it incurs to purchase vehicles. In addition, the Company is exposed to increases in interest rates because a portion of its debt bears interest at floating rates. The Company estimates that, in 2006, approximately 45% of its average debt will bear interest at floating rates. The amount of the Company’s financing costs affects the amount the Company must charge its customers to be profitable. See Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Inflation

 

The increased acquisition cost of vehicles is the primary inflationary factor affecting the Company. Many of the Company’s other operating expenses are also expected to increase with inflation. Management does not expect that the effect of inflation on the Company’s overall operating costs will be greater for the Company than for its competitors.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

As with most companies, the Company must exercise judgment due to the level of subjectivity used in estimating certain costs included in its results of operations. The more significant items include:

 

Public liability and property damage – The Company does self-insure or retain a portion of the exposure for losses related to public liability and property damage insurance. The obligation for public liability and property damage represents an estimate of both reported accident claims not yet paid and claims incurred but not yet reported, up to the Company’s risk retention level. The Company records public liability and property damage expense on a monthly basis based on rental volume in relation to historical accident claim experience and trends, projections of ultimate losses, expenses, premiums and administrative costs. Management monitors the adequacy of the liability and monthly accrual rates based on the actuarial analysis of the development of the claim reserves, the accident claim history and rental volume. Since the ultimate disposition of the claims is uncertain, the likelihood of materially different results is possible, but the potential volatility of these estimates is reduced due to the frequency of actuarial reviews and significant historical data available for similar claims.

 

Vehicle depreciation expense – The Company generally purchases 70% to 85% of its vehicles as Program Vehicles for which residual values are determined by depreciation rates that are established and guaranteed by the manufacturers. The remaining 15% to 30% of the Company’s vehicles are purchased without the benefit of a manufacturer residual value guaranty program. For these Non-Program Vehicles, the Company must estimate what the residual values of these vehicles will be at the expected time of disposal to determine monthly depreciation rates by reviewing the projected market value for the vehicles at expected date of disposition and the overall outlook for the used car market. The Company continually evaluates estimated residual values. Differences between actual residual values and those estimated by the Company result in a gain or loss on disposal and are recorded as an adjustment to depreciation expense. The average life of the Non-Program Vehicles is seven to nine months and the Company has generally experienced gains on disposal. Many factors affect the market value of used cars including increasing use of incentives by automobile manufacturers for new vehicles, limited or excess supply of used vehicles and overall economic conditions. The likelihood that the Company’s estimates could materially change is possible due to the volatility of the used car market. A one percent change in the expected residual value of Non-Program Vehicles sold during 2005 would have impacted vehicle depreciation expense, net by $6.6 million.

 

Bad debt expense – The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts and charges bad debt expense for estimated losses resulting from the inability of franchisees to make required payments. Management reviews monthly the individual accounts of franchisees with past due balances to determine the likelihood of collectibility and the amount of bad debt expense, if any, required for a particular franchisee. Factors considered include the aging and magnitude of past due amounts, the franchisees’ operating and credit history, market conditions, operating plan and available collateral.   The Company records a reserve for the potential amounts owed by

 

- 34 -

 

 

its franchisees that will not be collected when the amount of the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Accounts are typically charged off at the point the Company reaches settlement or no longer pursues collection. The likelihood that results may materially differ from amounts estimated is possible due to circumstances outside the franchisees’ or the Company’s control with respect to economic, industry or other external conditions. In addition, as the Company continues to acquire franchisees in larger markets, the corresponding receivables and risk of collectibility from franchisees will continue to decline.

 

New Accounting Standards

 

Beginning January 1, 2005, the Company adopted the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 04-1, “Accounting for Preexisting Relationships between the Parties to a Business Combination” (“EITF No. 04-1”). EITF No. 04-1 affirms that a business combination between two parties that have a preexisting relationship should be accounted for as a multiple element transaction. This includes determining how the cost of the combination should be allocated after considering the assets and liabilities that existed between the parties prior to the combination. Adoption of EITF No. 04-1 impacted and will continue to impact the way in which the Company accounts for certain business combination transactions by establishing identifiable intangibles, other than goodwill, such as reacquired franchise rights through the Company’s acquisitions of franchisee operations (See Notes 4 and 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

 

In April 2005, the FASB adopted Financial Interpretation No. 47 (“FIN No. 47”). FIN No. 47 clarifies that the term “conditional asset retirement obligation” from FASB Statement No. 143 “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations” (“FASB No. 143”) refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing or method of settlement is conditional on a future event and requires the recognition of such conditional obligations even though uncertainty exists. The Company adopted FIN No. 47 at December 31, 2005. Adoption of FIN No. 47 did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which is a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS No. 123”). This revised statement establishes accounting standards for all transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods and services focusing primarily on accounting for transactions with employees and carrying forward prior guidance for share-based payments for transactions with non-employees.

 

SFAS No. 123(R) eliminates the intrinsic value measurement method of accounting in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and generally requires measuring the cost of the employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award on the date of the grant. The standard requires grant date fair value to be estimated using either an option-pricing model which is consistent with the terms of the award or a market observed price, if such a price exists. Such costs must be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The standard also requires estimating the number of instruments that will ultimately be issued, rather than accounting for forfeitures as they occur.

 

The effective date of SFAS No. 123(R) is the first fiscal year beginning after June 15, 2005, January 1, 2006 for the Company. SFAS No. 123(R) permits companies to adopt its requirements using either a “modified prospective” method, or a “modified retrospective” method. Under the “modified prospective” method, compensation cost is recognized in the financial statements beginning with the effective date, based on the requirements of SFAS No. 123(R) for all share-based payments granted after that date, and based on the requirements of SFAS No. 123 for all unvested awards granted prior to the effective date of SFAS No. 123(R). Under the “modified retrospective” method, the requirements are the same as under the “modified prospective” method, but also permits entities to restate financial statements of previous periods based on pro forma disclosures made in accordance with SFAS No. 123. The Company adopted the “modified prospective” method under SFAS No. 123(R) as required on January 1, 2006. The adoption did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

 

The Company had previously adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123 beginning January 1, 2003 changing from the intrinsic value-based method to the fair value-based method of  accounting for stock-based compensation and electing the pros