10-K 1 f200510k022806.htm 12/31/05 10-K UNITED STATES
 

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION


WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K


(Mark One)

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005


OR


[  ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF     

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO __________


Commission File Number 1-10323


CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

74-2099724

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

   

1600 Smith Street, Dept. HQSEO, Houston, Texas

77002

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)


Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 713-324-2950


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class

Name of Each Exchange
On Which Registered

   

Class B Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

New York Stock Exchange

   

Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

New York Stock Exchange


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes X No _____


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes   No X  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No _____

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer X Accelerated filer _____ Non-accelerated filer _____

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes   No X  

As of June 30, 2005, the aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $888 million based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

                            Class                                                    Outstanding at February 24, 2006          

Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share                    86,848,955 shares

__________________

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 6, 2006: PART III

TABLE OF CONTENTS

   

PAGE

     

PART I

   

Item 1.

Business

   

Overview

   

Forward-Looking Statements

   

Domestic Operations

   

International Operations

   

Alliances

   

Regional Operations

   

Marketing

   

Frequent Flyer Program

10 

   

Employees

11 

   

Industry Regulation and Airport Access

12 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

15 

   

Risk Factors Relating to the Company

15 

   

Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry

18 

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

21 

Item 2.

Properties

21 

   

Flight Equipment

21 

   

Facilities

22 

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

22 

   

Legal Proceedings

22 

   

Environmental Proceedings

23 

   

General

24 

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

24 

     

PART II

   

Item 5.

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities


25 

   

Common Stock Information

25 

   

Equity Compensation Plans

25 

   

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

26 

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

26 

Item 7.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations


29 

   

Overview

29 

   

Summary of Principal Risk Factors

30 

   

Results of Operations

32 

   

Liquidity and Capital Resources

43 

   

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

51 

   

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

51 

   

Related Party Transactions

57 

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

58 

 

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

60 

   

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

61 

   

Consolidated Statements of Operations

62 

   

Consolidated Balance Sheets

63 

   

    Assets

63 

   

    Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

64 

   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

65 

   

Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity

66 

   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67 

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure


116 

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

116 

Item 9B.

Other Information

118 

     

PART III

 

119 

Item 10.

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

119 

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

119 

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters


119 

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

119 

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

119 

     

PART IV

 

120 

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

120 

 

Signatures

123 

 

Index to Exhibits

125 

 

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS.

Overview

Continental Airlines, Inc., a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1980, is a major United States air carrier engaged in the business of transporting passengers, cargo and mail. The term "Continental," "we," "us," "our" and similar terms refer to Continental Airlines, Inc. and, unless the context indicates otherwise, its consolidated subsidiaries.

We are the world's sixth largest airline (as measured by the number of scheduled miles flown by revenue passengers, known as revenue passenger miles, in 2005). Together with ExpressJet Airlines, Inc. (operating as Continental Express and referred to in this Form 10-K as "ExpressJet"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ExpressJet Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings"), from which we purchase seat capacity, and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Continental Micronesia, Inc. ("CMI"), each a Delaware corporation, we operate more than 2,500 daily departures. As of December 31, 2005, we flew to 132 domestic and 126 international destinations and offered additional connecting service through alliances with domestic and foreign carriers. We directly served 23 European cities, nine South American cities, Tel Aviv, Delhi, Hong Kong, Beijing and Tokyo as of December 31, 2005. In addition, we provide service to more destinations in Mexico and Central America than any other U.S. airline, serving 41 cities. Through our Guam hub, CMI provides extensive service in the western Pacific, including service to more Japanese cities than any other United States carrier.

General information about us, including our Corporate Governance Guidelines and the charters for the committees of our Board of Directors, can be found at http://www.continental.com/ company/investor. Our Board of Directors has adopted a code of ethics entitled "Principles of Conduct," which applies to all of our employees, officers and directors. Our board has also adopted a separate "Directors' Code of Ethics" for our directors. Copies of these codes can be found at http://www.continental.com/company/investor. Copies of our charters and codes are available in print to any stockholder who requests them. Written requests for such copies may be directed to our Secretary at Continental Airlines, Inc., P.O. Box 4607, Houston, Texas 77210-4607. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments and exhibits to those reports, are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them with, or furnish them to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Information on our website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K or our other securities filings and is not a part of them.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are not limited to historical facts, but reflect our current beliefs, expectations or intentions regarding future events. All forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. For examples of those risks and uncertainties, see the cautionary statements contained in Item 1A. "Risk Factors - Risk Factors Relating to the Company" and "Risk Factors - Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry." See these sections of Item 1. and Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Overview - Summary of Principal Risk Factors" for a discussion of trends and factors affecting us and our industry. Also see Item 8. "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 18 - Segment Reporting" for financial information about each of our business segments. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that may arise after the date of this report.

Domestic Operations

We operate our domestic route system primarily through our hubs in the New York metropolitan area at Newark Liberty International Airport ("Liberty International"), in Houston, Texas at George Bush Intercontinental Airport ("Bush Intercontinental") and in Cleveland, Ohio at Hopkins International Airport ("Hopkins International"). Our hub system allows us to transport passengers between a large number of destinations with substantially more frequent service than if each route were served directly. The hub system also allows us to add service to a new destination from a large number of cities using only one or a limited number of aircraft. As of December 31, 2005, we operated 71% of the average daily departures from Liberty International, 89% of the average daily departures from Bush Intercontinental and 66% of the average daily departures from Hopkins International (in each case including regional jets flown for us by ExpressJet). Each of our domestic hubs is located in a large business and population center, contributing to a high volume of "origin and destination" traffic.

International Operations

We directly serve destinations throughout Europe, Canada, Mexico, Central and South America and the Caribbean, as well as Tel Aviv, Delhi, Hong Kong, Beijing and Tokyo. We also provide service to numerous other destinations through codesharing arrangements with other carriers and have extensive operations in the western Pacific conducted by CMI. As measured by 2005 available seat miles, approximately 45% of our mainline operations (flights using jets with a capacity of greater than 100 seats) is dedicated to international traffic.

Liberty International is a significant international gateway. From Liberty International, we served 23 cities in Europe, seven cities in Canada, five cities in Mexico, seven cities in Central America, five cities in South America, 19 Caribbean destinations, Tel Aviv, Delhi, Hong Kong, Beijing and Tokyo at December 31, 2005. During 2005, we added service between Liberty International and Beijing, China; Bristol, England; Belfast, Northern Ireland; Berlin, Germany; Delhi, India; Hamburg, Germany; Stockholm, Sweden; Liberia, Costa Rica; Curacao, Netherlands Antilles and Ponce, Puerto Rico. In 2006, we will begin service between Liberty International and Barcelona, Spain; Copenhagen, Denmark and Cologne, Germany.

Bush Intercontinental is the focus of our flights to destinations in Mexico and Central America. As of December 31, 2005, we flew from Bush Intercontinental to 30 cities in Mexico, all seven countries in Central America, nine cities in South America, eight Caribbean destinations, four cities in Canada, three cities in Europe and Tokyo. During 2005, we added service between Bush Intercontinental and Buenos Aires, Argentina; Punta Cana, Dominican Republic and Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles.

From its hub operations based on the island of Guam, as of December 31, 2005, CMI provided service to eight cities in Japan, more than any other United States carrier, as well as other Pacific rim destinations, including the Philippines, Hong Kong, Australia and Indonesia. In 2005, CMI added new service between Guam and Hiroshima, Japan and between Honolulu, Hawaii and Nagoya, Japan. CMI is the principal air carrier in the Micronesian Islands, where it pioneered scheduled air service in 1968. CMI's route system is linked to the United States market through Hong Kong, Tokyo and Honolulu, each of which CMI serves non-stop from Guam.

See Item 8. "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 18 - Segment Reporting," for operating revenue by geographical area.

Alliances

We have alliance agreements, which are also referred to as codeshare agreements or cooperative marketing agreements, with other carriers. These relationships may include (a) codesharing (one carrier placing its name and flight number, or "code," on flights operated by the other carrier), (b) reciprocal frequent flyer program participation, reciprocal airport lounge access and other joint activities (such as seamless check-in at airports) and/or (c) block space arrangements (carriers agree to share capacity and bear economic risk for blocks of seats on certain routes). Except for our relationship with ExpressJet, all of our codeshare relationships are free-sell codeshares, where the marketing carrier sells seats on the operating carrier's flights from the operating carrier's inventory, but takes no inventory risk. In contrast, in a block space relationship or capacity purchase agreement such as we have with ExpressJet, the marketing carrier is committed to purchase a set number of seats on the operating carrier, sells seats to the public from this purchased inventory and is at economic risk for the purchased seats that it is unable to sell. Some alliance relationships may include other cooperative undertakings such as joint purchasing, joint corporate sales contracts, airport handling, facilities sharing or joint technology development.

In September 2004, we joined SkyTeam, a global alliance of airlines that offers greater destination coverage and the potential for increased revenue. SkyTeam members include Aeromexico, Air France, Alitalia, CSA Czech Airlines, Delta, KLM, Korean Air and Northwest. As of December 31, 2005, SkyTeam members served 344 million passengers with over 15,200 daily departures to 684 global destinations in more than 133 countries. In conjunction with joining SkyTeam, we entered into bilateral codeshare, frequent flyer program participation and airport lounge access agreements with each of the SkyTeam members. We had long-term alliances with Northwest, Delta and KLM prior to joining SkyTeam. We began codeshare operations with many of the other SkyTeam members in 2005, and we intend to implement codeshare operations with the remaining carriers by the end of 2006.

We also have domestic codesharing agreements with Hawaiian Airlines, Alaska Airlines, and Horizon Airlines. Additionally, we have codeshare agreements with Gulfstream International Airlines, Champlain Enterprises, Inc. ("CommutAir"), Hyannis Air Service, Inc. ("Cape Air"), Colgan Airlines, Inc., Hawaii Island Air, Inc. ("Island Air") and American Eagle Airlines, who provide us with commuter feed traffic. We also have the first train-to-plane alliance in the United States with Amtrak.

In addition to our domestic alliances, we seek to develop international alliance relationships that complement our own route system and permit expanded service through our hubs to major international destinations. International alliances assist in the development of our route structure by enabling us to offer more frequencies in a market, provide passengers connecting service from our international flights to other destinations beyond an alliance airline's hub and expand the product line that we may offer in a foreign destination. In addition to our agreements with the SkyTeam member airlines, we also currently have international codesharing agreements with Air Europa of Spain, Emirates (the flag carrier of the United Arab Emirates), EVA Airways Corporation (an airline based in Taiwan), British European ("flybe"), Virgin Atlantic Airways, Copa Airlines of Panama ("Copa Airlines") and French rail operator SNCF. We own 27% of the common equity of Copa Holdings, S.A. ("Copa"), the parent of Copa Airlines.

Regional Operations

Our mainline service at each of our domestic hub cities is coordinated with ExpressJet, which operates new-generation regional jets. As of December 31, 2005, ExpressJet served 116 destinations in the U.S., 27 cities in Mexico, six cities in Canada, two Caribbean destinations and one city in Guatemala. Since December 2002, ExpressJet's fleet has been comprised entirely of regional jets. We believe ExpressJet's regional jet service complements our operations by carrying traffic that connects onto our mainline jets and by allowing more frequent flights to smaller cities than could be provided economically with larger jet aircraft. The regional jets also allow ExpressJet to serve certain routes that cannot be served by turboprop aircraft. Additional commuter feed traffic is currently provided to us by other alliance airlines, as discussed above.

We purchase all of ExpressJet's available seat miles for a negotiated price under a capacity purchase agreement with ExpressJet. The agreement covers all of ExpressJet's existing fleet, as well as eight Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica S.A. ("Embraer") regional jets scheduled for delivery in 2006. Under the agreement, as amended, ExpressJet has the right through December 31, 2006 to be our sole provider of regional jet service from our hubs. We are responsible for all scheduling, pricing and seat inventories of ExpressJet's flights. Therefore, we are entitled to all revenue associated with those flights and are responsible for all revenue-related expenses, including commissions, reservations, catering and passenger ticket processing expenses. In exchange for ExpressJet's operation of the flights and performance of other obligations under the agreement, we pay ExpressJet based on scheduled block hours (the hours from gate departure to gate arrival) in accordance with a formula designed to provide them with an operating margin of approximately 10% before taking into account performance incentive payments and variations in some costs and expenses that are generally controllable by ExpressJet, primarily wages, salaries and related costs. We assume the risk of revenue volatility associated with fares and passenger traffic, price volatility for specified expense items such as fuel and the cost of all distribution and revenue-related costs.

Under the capacity purchase agreement, we have the right, upon no less than 12 months' notice to ExpressJet, to reduce the number of its aircraft covered by the contract. In December 2005, we gave notice to ExpressJet that we would withdraw 69 of the 274 regional jet aircraft (including 2006 deliveries) from the capacity purchase agreement because we believe the rates charged by ExpressJet for regional capacity are above the current market. While our discussions with ExpressJet continue, we have requested proposals from numerous regional jet operators to provide regional jet service to replace the withdrawn capacity. Any transition of service of the withdrawn capacity from ExpressJet to a new operator would begin in January 2007 and be completed during the summer of 2007. Under our agreement with ExpressJet, once we have given notice of withdrawal of aircraft from the agreement, ExpressJet will have the option to decide, within nine months of that notice, to (1) fly any of the withdrawn aircraft for another airline (subject to its ability to obtain facilities, such as gates, ticket counters, hold rooms and other operations-related facilities, and subject to its arrangement with us that prohibits ExpressJet during the term of the agreement from flying under its or another carrier's code in or out of our hub airports), (2) fly any of the withdrawn aircraft under ExpressJet's own flight designator code, subject to its ability to obtain facilities and subject to ExpressJet's arrangement with us respecting our hubs, or (3) decline to fly any of the withdrawn aircraft, return the aircraft to us and cancel the related subleases with us. If ExpressJet elects to retain the aircraft, the implicit interest rate used to calculate the scheduled lease payments under our aircraft subleases with ExpressJet will automatically increase by 200 basis points to compensate us for our continued participation in ExpressJet's lease financing arrangements. Should ExpressJet retain the withdrawn aircraft, we anticipate that the new operator will supply any aircraft needed for its operations for us.

The capacity purchase agreement is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2010, but allows us to terminate the agreement at any time after December 31, 2006 upon 12 months' notice. We have the option to extend the term of the agreement with 24 months' notice for up to four additional five-year terms through December 31, 2030.

We have reduced our ownership of Holdings from 100% prior to the initial public offering of Holdings common stock in 2002 to 8.6% as of December 31, 2005, through a series of transactions. These transactions include the initial public offering of the common stock of Holdings by Holdings and us in 2002, a sale of Holdings common stock by us to Holdings in 2003 and contributions by us of Holdings common stock to our defined benefit pension plan in 2003 and 2005. Additionally, during 2005 we relinquished our right to appoint a director to Holdings' Board of Directors. Due to the capacity purchase agreement, the disposition of our interest in Holdings has had no effect on our operations and on ExpressJet's flight operations on our behalf.

Marketing

As with other major domestic hub-and-spoke carriers, a majority of our revenue comes from tickets for travel on us sold by travel agents. Although we generally no longer pay base commissions, we often negotiate compensation to travel agents based on their performance in selling our tickets.

We use the internet to provide travel-related services for our customers and to reduce our reservation system booking fees. We have marketing agreements with internet travel service companies such as Orbitz, Hotwire, Travelocity and Expedia. Although customers' use of the internet has helped to reduce our distribution costs, it has also lowered our yields because it has enhanced the visibility of low-cost carriers.

Our website, http://www.continental.com, recorded approximately $2.1 billion in ticket sales in 2005, a 38% increase over 2004. The site offers customers the ability to purchase and change tickets on-line, to check-in on-line and to have direct access to information such as schedules, reservations, flight status, frequent flyer account information (including the ability to redeem reward travel) and Continental travel specials. Tickets purchased through our website accounted for 19% of our passenger revenue during 2005, compared with 16% in 2004 and 11% in 2003.

In 2005, we continued to expand our electronic ticketing, or E-Ticket, product. E-Tickets enhance customer and revenue information. E-Ticketed passengers have the ability to check-in at http://www.continental.com for all domestic and international travel. On-line check-in allows customers to obtain a boarding pass from their home, office or hotel up to 24 hours prior to departure and to proceed directly to security at the airport, bypassing the ticket counter and saving time. Passengers with baggage who check-in on-line may use special kiosks at our hub airports to check their bags rapidly. E-Ticket passengers can also use self-service kiosks to check-in.

We have approximately 1,000 Continental self-service kiosks at 150 airports throughout our system, including all domestic airports we serve. We were one of the first U.S. airlines to implement interline E-Ticketing, allowing customers to use electronic tickets when their itineraries include travel on multiple carriers. At December 31, 2005, we had interline E-Ticketing arrangements with 33 air carriers and we plan to implement E-Ticketing agreements with approximately 24 additional carriers in 2006.

Frequent Flyer Program

We maintain our "OnePass" frequent flyer program to encourage repeat travel on our system. OnePass allows passengers to earn mileage credits by flying us and certain other alliance carriers. We also sell mileage credits to credit/debit card companies, phone companies, hotels, car rental agencies, utilities and various shopping and gift merchants participating in OnePass. Mileage credits can be redeemed for free, discounted or upgraded travel on Continental, ExpressJet, CMI or alliance airlines. Most travel awards are subject to capacity limitations.

At December 31, 2005, we had an outstanding liability associated with approximately 2.5 million free travel awards that were expected to be redeemed for free travel on Continental, ExpressJet, CMI or alliance airlines. Our total liability for future OnePass award redemptions for free travel and unrecognized revenue from sales of OnePass miles to other companies was approximately $236 million at December 31, 2005. This liability is recognized as a component of air traffic liability in our consolidated balance sheets.

During the year ended December 31, 2005, OnePass participants claimed approximately 1.4 million awards. Frequent flyer awards accounted for an estimated 7.0% of our total revenue passenger miles ("RPMs"). We believe displacement of revenue passengers is minimal given our ability to manage frequent flyer inventory and the low ratio of OnePass award usage to revenue passenger miles.

Our "EliteAccess" service is offered to OnePass members who hold Elite status, first class and BusinessFirst ticket holders and travelers with high yield coach tickets who qualify as "Elite for the Day." EliteAccess passengers receive preferential treatment in the check-in, boarding and baggage claim areas and have special security lanes at certain airports. We also initiated a guarantee of no middle seat assignment for those passengers using a full-fare, unrestricted ticket.

Employees

As of December 31, 2005, we had approximately 42,200 employees, or 39,530 full-time equivalent employees, consisting of approximately 16,895 customer service agents, reservations agents, ramp and other airport personnel, 8,570 flight attendants, 5,925 management and clerical employees, 4,420 pilots, 3,610 mechanics and 110 dispatchers. Approximately 44% of our employees are represented by unions. The following table reflects the principal collective bargaining agreements, and their respective amendable dates, of Continental and CMI:



Employee Group             

Approximate Number
of Full-time           
Equivalent Employees



Representing Union      
              


Contract       
Amendable Date

       

Continental Flight
Attendants

8,220

 

International Association of
Machinists and Aerospace
Workers ("IAM")

December 2009

         

Continental Pilots

4,420

 

Air Line Pilots Association
International ("ALPA")

December 2008

         

Continental Mechanics

3,510

 

International Brotherhood of
Teamsters ("Teamsters")

December 2008

         

CMI Fleet and Passenger
Service Employees

560

 

Teamsters

December 2006

         

CMI Flight Attendants

350

 

IAM

June 2005

         

Continental Dispatchers

110

 

Transport Workers Union
("TWU")

December 2008

         

CMI Mechanics

100

 

Teamsters

December 2006

         

Continental Flight
Simulator Technicians

50

 

TWU

December 2008

On March 30, 2005, our pilots, mechanics, dispatchers and simulator technicians ratified new contracts containing pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes, and on April 1, 2005 we implemented pay and benefit reductions for our domestic employees not subject to collective bargaining agreements. On January 29, 2006, our flight attendants ratified their new contract containing pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes. We expect to complete the process of obtaining the final $10 million of our targeted $500 million in annual pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes, principally with our unionized workgroups at CMI, in the near future.

Industry Regulation and Airport Access

Federal Regulations. We operate under certificates of public convenience and necessity issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation ("DOT"). These certificates may be altered, amended, modified or suspended by the DOT if public convenience and necessity so require, or may be revoked for intentional failure by the holder of the certificate to comply with the terms and conditions of a certificate.

Airlines are also regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA"), primarily in the areas of flight operations, maintenance, ground facilities and other technical matters. Pursuant to these regulations, we have established, and the FAA has approved, a maintenance program for each type of aircraft we operate that provides for the ongoing maintenance of our aircraft, ranging from frequent routine inspections to major overhauls.

Under the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (the "Aviation Security Act"), substantially all security screeners at airports are federal employees and significant other elements of airline and airport security are overseen and performed by federal employees, including federal security managers, federal law enforcement officers, federal air marshals and federal security screeners. Among other matters, the law mandates improved flight deck security, deployment of federal air marshals onboard flights, improved airport perimeter access security, airline crew security training, enhanced security screening of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail, employees and vendors, enhanced training and qualifications of security screening personnel, additional provision of passenger data to U.S. customs and enhanced background checks.

Airports from time to time seek to increase the rates charged to airlines, and the ability of airlines to contest such increases has been restricted by federal statutes, DOT and FAA regulations and judicial decisions. Under the Aviation Security Act, funding for passenger security is provided in part by a per enplanement ticket tax (passenger security fee) of $2.50, subject to a $5 per one-way trip cap. The current administration has proposed to replace this fee with a $5 one-way, or $10 round-trip, passenger fee. If implemented, this proposal would result in an additional annual tax of $1.3 billion on the airline industry, as estimated by the administration. The Aviation Security Act also allows the Transportation Security Administration ("TSA") to assess an aviation security infrastructure fee on each airline up to the total amount spent by that airline on passenger and property screening in calendar year 2000 and, starting in fiscal year 2005, to impose a new methodology for calculating assessments. TSA has continued to assess this fee on airlines. Furthermore, because of significantly higher security and other costs incurred by airports since September 11, 2001, many airports are significantly increasing their rates and charges to airlines, including us, and may do so again in the future. Most airports where we operate impose passenger facility charges of up to $4.50 per segment, subject to an $18 per roundtrip cap.

In time of war or during a national emergency or defense-oriented situation, we and other air carriers could be required to provide airlift services to the Air Mobility Command under the Civil Reserve Air Fleet program ("CRAF"). The Air Mobility Command, which runs CRAF, activated Stage I of CRAF as part of the U.S. Government's build-up for military action in Iraq during 2003. If we were required to provide a substantial number of aircraft and crew to the Air Mobility Command, our operations could be adversely impacted.

The FAA has designated John F. Kennedy International Airport ("Kennedy") and LaGuardia Airport ("LaGuardia") in New York and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Washington, D.C. ("Washington National") as "high density traffic airports" and has limited the number of departure and arrival slots at those airports. Slot restrictions at LaGuardia and Kennedy are scheduled to be eliminated by 2007, although the FAA has separately imposed new slot controls at LaGuardia to reduce congestion. Given that we expect to be able to continue operating out of these airports with our existing access to gates and related facilities, the elimination of slot restrictions is not expected to have a material impact on us.

Under U.S. law, "actual control" of U.S. carriers must be held at all times by U.S. citizens. The DOT has issued a notice of proposed rulemaking ("NPRM") to interpret U.S. law to allow foreign control of U.S. carriers except for the functions of safety, security, Civil Reserve Air Fleet and organizational documents. We believe the NPRM was issued by the DOT to induce the European Union to execute a new air services treaty between the United States and the European Union, which treaty would be adverse to us as explained below under "International Regulations." There is significant opposition to the NPRM in Congress, and it is our belief that the NPRM is unlawful. If a final rule is issued under the NPRM, we expect to take appropriate legal action to challenge its validity.


International Regulations. The availability of international routes to U.S. carriers is regulated by treaties and related agreements between the United States and foreign governments. The United States typically follows the practice of encouraging foreign governments to accept multiple carrier designation on foreign routes, although certain countries have sought to limit the number of carriers allowed to fly these routes. Certain foreign governments impose limitations on the ability of air carriers to serve a particular city and/or airport within their country from the U.S. Bilateral agreements between the United States and foreign governments often include restrictions on the number of carriers (designations), operations (frequencies), or airports (points) that can be served. When designations are limited, only a certain number of airlines of each country may provide service between the countries. When frequencies are limited, operations are restricted to a certain number of weekly flights (as awarded by the Untied States to the domestic carrier, based on the bilateral limits). When points are limited, only certain airports within a country can be served.


One example of these limits is the bilateral agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom. Designations between the United States and Heathrow airport in London are limited to two for each country and because both designations are already taken, we cannot serve London Heathrow, even though we desire to do so. Additionally, the bilateral agreement limits frequencies. As a result, even if we received a Heathrow designation, we would be prevented from expanding our service above a predefined number of weekly frequencies. Finally, even if we received a Heathrow designation, we could not serve it from Houston or Cleveland because of point limits. However, the U.S. and the European Union have negotiated an "open skies" agreement (meaning all carriers have access to a destination) which would allow U.S. and European carriers to operate between any U.S. and European points. Although the treaty, which has not been executed by the European Union, technically would permit us to fly to London Heathrow, that right is illusory, as there are not available to us commercially viable slots or other facilities at Heathrow. However, certain of our competitors with these assets could introduce service between London Heathrow and our hubs at Houston and Cleveland and new or increased service at our hub at Newark, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

For a U.S. carrier to fly to any international destination that is not subject to an open skies agreement, it must first obtain approval from both the U.S. and the foreign country where the destination is located, which is referred to as a "foreign route authority." Route authorities to some international destinations can be sold between carriers, and their value can vary because of limits on accessibility. For those international routes where there is a limit to the number of carriers or frequency of flights (such as London Heathrow), studies have shown that these routes have more value than those without restrictions. Such limitations may be harmful to us, as in the case of London Heathrow, or be beneficial to us, as is the case with our flights to China and Argentina. To the extent foreign countries adopt open skies policies or otherwise liberalize or eliminate restrictions on international routes, those actions would increase competition and potentially decrease the value of a route. We cannot predict what laws, treaties and regulations relating to international routes will be adopted or their resulting impact on us, but the overall trend in recent years has been an increase in the number of open skies agreements and the impact of any future changes in governmental regulation of international routes could be significant.

Environmental Regulations. Many aspects of airlines' operations are subject to increasingly stringent federal, state and local laws protecting the environment. Future regulatory developments in the U.S. and abroad could adversely affect operations and increase operating costs in the airline industry. Potential future actions that may be taken by the U.S. government, foreign governments, or the International Civil Aviation Organization to limit the emission of greenhouse gases by the aviation sector are unknown at this time, but the impact to us and our industry is likely to be adverse and could be significant.

The DOT allows local airport authorities to implement procedures designed to abate special noise problems, provided those procedures do not unreasonably interfere with interstate or foreign commerce or the national transportation system. Some airports, including the major airports at Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange County (California), Washington National, Denver and San Francisco, have established airport restrictions to limit noise, including restrictions on aircraft types to be used and limits on the number and scheduling of hourly or daily operations. In some instances, these restrictions have caused curtailments in services or increased operating costs, and could limit our ability to expand our operations at the affected airports. Local authorities at other airports could consider adopting similar noise regulations. Some foreign airports, including major airports in countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan, have adopted similar restrictions to limit noise, and in some instances our operations and costs have been adversely affected in the same manner as described above.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Risk Factors Relating to the Company

We continue to experience significant losses. Since September 11, 2001, we have incurred significant losses. We reported a net loss of $68 million in 2005 and expect to incur a significant loss for the first quarter of 2006 under current market conditions. Losses of the magnitude incurred by us since September 11, 2001 are not sustainable if they continue. These losses are primarily attributable to decreased yields on passenger revenue since September 11, 2001 and record high fuel prices. Passenger revenue per available seat mile for our mainline operations was 5.8% lower for the year ended December 31, 2005 versus 2000 (the last full year before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks).

We have been able to implement some fare increases on certain domestic and international routes during 2005, but these increases have not fully offset the substantial increase in fuel prices. Our ability to raise our fares is limited due to the substantial price competition in the airline industry, especially in U.S. domestic markets.

We cannot predict when or if yields will increase. Further, we cannot predict the long-term impact of any changes in fare structures, most importantly in relation to business fares, booking patterns, low-cost competitor growth, increased usage of regional jets, customers' directly booking on the internet, competitor bankruptcies and other changes in industry structure and conduct, but any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Record high fuel costs have materially and adversely affected our operating results. Fuel costs, which are currently at historically high levels, constitute a significant portion of our operating expense. Mainline fuel costs represented approximately 26.7% of our mainline operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005. We expect that fuel expense will be our single largest operating expense item in 2006. Based on gallons expected to be consumed in 2006, for every one dollar increase in the price of a barrel of crude oil, our annual fuel expense would increase by approximately $42 million. Our fuel expense could further increase if the refining margin (the component of the price of jet fuel attributable to the refining of crude oil into jet fuel) increases above current levels.

We are also at risk for all of ExpressJet's fuel costs, as well as a margin on ExpressJet's fuel costs up to a negotiated cap of 71.2 cents per gallon, under our capacity purchase agreement and a related fuel purchase agreement with ExpressJet.

Fuel prices and supplies are influenced significantly by international political and economic circumstances, such as increasing demand by developing nations, unrest in Iraq and current diplomatic tension between the U.S. and Iran concerning Iran's nuclear energy development, as well as OPEC production curtailments, a disruption of oil imports, other conflicts or instability in the Middle East or other oil producing regions, environmental concerns, weather and other unpredictable events. Further, Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita caused widespread disruption in 2005 to oil production, refinery operations and pipeline capacity in portions of the U.S. Gulf Coast. As a result of these disruptions, the price of jet fuel increased significantly and the availability of jet fuel supplies was diminished. A significant portion of the increase in the price of jet fuel immediately following Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita was attributable to an increase in the refining margin.

Further increases in jet fuel prices or disruptions in fuel supplies, whether as a result of natural disasters or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

From time to time we enter into petroleum swap contracts, petroleum call option contracts and/or jet fuel purchase commitments to provide some short-term hedge protection (generally three to six months) against sudden and significant increases in jet fuel prices. However, as of December 31, 2005, we did not have any fuel hedges in place. In February 2006, we entered into petroleum swap contracts to hedge a minimal portion of our projected 2006 fuel usage.

Our high leverage may affect our ability to satisfy our significant financing needs or meet our obligations. As is the case with our principal competitors, we have a high proportion of debt compared to our equity capital. As of December 31, 2005, we had approximately $5.6 billion (including current maturities) of long-term debt and capital lease obligations, $226 million of stockholders' equity and $2.2 billion in consolidated cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments (of which $241 million was restricted cash). Our combined long-term debt and capital lease obligations coming due in 2006 total $546 million, and we have significant amounts coming due in 2007 and thereafter. We also have significant operating lease and facility rental costs. For the year ended December 31, 2005, annual aircraft and facility rental expense under operating leases was $1.4 billion.

In addition, we have substantial commitments for capital expenditures, including the acquisition of new aircraft and related spare engines. As of December 31, 2005, we had firm commitments for 52 new aircraft from Boeing, with an estimated cost of $2.5 billion, and options to purchase 30 additional Boeing aircraft. We are scheduled to take delivery of six new 737-800 aircraft in 2006, with delivery of the remaining 46 new Boeing aircraft occurring from 2007 through 2011. In addition, we are scheduled to take delivery of two used 757-300 aircraft in 2006 under operating leases.

We have backstop financing for six 737-800 aircraft to be delivered in 2006 and two 777-200ER aircraft to be delivered in 2007. By virtue of these agreements, we have financing available for all Boeing aircraft scheduled to be delivered through 2007. However, we do not have backstop financing or any other financing currently in place for the remainder of the aircraft. Further financing will be needed to satisfy our capital commitments for our firm aircraft and other related capital expenditures. We can provide no assurance that sufficient financing will be available for the aircraft on order or other related capital expenditures, or for our capital expenditures in general.

At December 31, 2005, our senior unsecured debt ratings were Caa2 by Moody's and CCC+ by Standard & Poor's. Reductions in our credit ratings may increase the cost and reduce the availability of financing to us in the future. We do not have any debt obligations that would be accelerated as a result of a credit rating downgrade. However, we would have to post additional collateral of approximately $45 million under our bank-issued credit card processing agreement if our debt rating falls below Caa3 as rated by Moody's or CCC- as rated by Standard & Poor's. We would also be required to post additional collateral of up to $27 million under our workers' compensation program if our debt rating falls below Caa2 as rated by Moody's or CCC+ as rated by Standard & Poor's.

Our bank-issued credit card processing agreement also contains financial covenants which require, among other things, that we maintain a minimum EBITDAR (generally, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, aircraft rentals and income from affiliates, adjusted for certain special items) to fixed charges (interest and aircraft rentals) ratio of 0.9 to 1.0 through June 30, 2006 and 1.1 to 1.0 thereafter. The liquidity covenant requires us to maintain a minimum level of $1.0 billion of unrestricted cash and short-term investments and a minimum ratio of unrestricted cash and short-term investments to current liabilities of .27 to 1.0 through June 30, 2006 and .29 to 1.0 thereafter. Although we are currently in compliance with all of the covenants, failure to maintain compliance would result in our being required to post up to an additional $330 million of cash collateral, which would adversely affect our liquidity. Depending on our unrestricted cash and short-term investments balance at the time, the posting of a significant amount of cash collateral could cause our unrestricted cash and short-term investments balance to fall below the $1.0 billion minimum balance requirement under our $350 million secured loan facility, resulting in a default under such facility.

We have defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all U.S. employees other than employees of Chelsea Food Services and CMI. Based on current assumptions and applicable law, we will be required to contribute in excess of $1.5 billion to our defined benefit pension plans over the next ten years, including $258 million in 2006, to meet our minimum funding obligations.

Our labor costs may not be competitive and could threaten our future liquidity. Labor costs constitute a significant percentage of our total operating costs. In 2005, labor costs (including employee incentives) constituted 23.6% of our total operating expenses. All of the major hub-and-spoke carriers with whom we compete have achieved significant labor cost reductions, whether in or out of bankruptcy. Even given the effect of pay and benefit cost reductions we implemented beginning in April 2005, we believe that our wages, salaries and benefits cost per available seat mile, measured on a stage length adjusted basis ("labor CASM"), will continue to be higher than that of many of our competitors. Although we enjoy generally good relations with our employees, we can provide no assurance that we will not experience labor disruptions in the future. Any disruptions which result in a prolonged significant reduction in flights would have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

Our net operating loss carryforwards may be limited. At December 31, 2005, we had estimated net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs") of $4.1 billion for federal income tax purposes that will expire beginning in 2006 through 2025. If we were to have a change of ownership under current conditions, our annual NOL utilization could be limited to approximately $81 million per year, before consideration of any built-in gains. For a further discussion of our NOLs, see Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. of this report.

For financial reporting purposes, income tax benefits recorded on losses generally result in deferred tax assets. We are required to provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets to the extent management determines that it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will ultimately not be realized. Due to our continued losses, we were required to provide a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets beginning in the first quarter of 2004. As a result, all of our 2005 losses and the majority of our 2004 losses were not reduced by any tax benefit. Furthermore, we expect to be required to provide additional valuation allowances in conjunction with deferred tax assets recorded on losses in the future.

Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry

Additional terrorist attacks or international hostilities may further adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 involving commercial aircraft severely and adversely affected our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity and the airline industry generally. Additional terrorist attacks, even if not made directly on the airline industry, or the fear of such attacks (including elevated national threat warnings or selective cancellation or redirection of flights due to terror threats), could negatively affect us and the airline industry. The potential negative effects include increased security, insurance and other costs for us, higher ticket refunds and decreased ticket sales. The war in Iraq further decreased demand for air travel during the first half of 2003, especially in transatlantic markets, and additional international hostilities could potentially have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Our financial resources might not be sufficient to absorb the adverse effects of any further terrorist attacks or other international hostilities involving the United States.

The airline industry is highly competitive and susceptible to price discounting. The U.S. airline industry is increasingly characterized by substantial price competition, especially in domestic markets. Carriers use discount fares to stimulate traffic during periods of slack demand, to generate cash flow and to increase market share. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial resources, including hedges against fuel price increases, or lower cost structures than we do, or both. In recent years, the domestic market share held by low cost carriers has increased significantly and is expected to continue to increase, which is dramatically changing the airline industry. The increased market presence of low cost carriers, which engage in substantial price discounting, has diminished the ability of the network carriers to maintain sufficient pricing structures in domestic markets to achieve profitability. This has contributed to the dramatic losses for us and the airline industry generally. For example, a low-cost carrier began to directly compete with us on flights between Liberty International and destinations in Florida in 2005. We are responding vigorously to this challenge, but have experienced decreased yields on affected flights. We cannot predict whether or for how long these trends will continue.

In addition to price competition, airlines also compete for market share by increasing the size of their route system and the number of markets they serve. Several of our domestic competitors have announced aggressive plans to expand into international markets, including some destinations that we currently serve. The increased competition in these international markets, particularly to the extent our competitors engage in price discounting, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Airline profit levels are highly sensitive to changes in fuel costs, fare levels and passenger demand. Passenger demand and fare levels are influenced by, among other things, the state of the global economy, domestic and international events, airline capacity and pricing actions taken by carriers. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the weak economy prior to 2004, turbulent international events (including the war in Iraq), high fuel prices and extensive price discounting by carriers have resulted in dramatic losses for us and the airline industry generally and have precipitated several airline bankruptcies.

United, US Airways, Delta, Northwest and several small competitors have filed for bankruptcy protection. Other carriers could file for bankruptcy or threaten to do so to reduce their costs. US Airways and, more recently, United, have emerged from bankruptcy. Carriers operating under bankruptcy protection may be in a position to operate in a manner adverse to us and could emerge from bankruptcy as more vigorous competitors with substantially lower costs than ours.

Since its deregulation in 1978, the U.S. airline industry has undergone substantial consolidation and may experience additional consolidation in the future. We routinely monitor changes in the competitive landscape and engage in analysis and discussions regarding our strategic position, including alliances, asset acquisitions and business combination transactions. We have had, and expect to continue to have, discussions with third parties regarding strategic alternatives. The impact of any consolidation within the U.S. airline industry cannot be predicted at this time.

Additional security requirements may increase our costs and decrease our traffic. Since September 11, 2001, the Department of Homeland Security ("DHS") and TSA have implemented numerous security measures that affect airline operations and costs, and are likely to implement additional measures in the future. Most recently, DHS has begun to implement the US-VISIT program (a program of fingerprinting and photographing foreign visa holders), announced that it will implement greater use of passenger data for evaluating security measures to be taken with respect to individual passengers, expanded the use of federal air marshals on our flights (thus displacing additional revenue passengers and causing increased customer complaints from displaced passengers), begun investigating a requirement to install aircraft security systems (such as active devices on commercial aircraft as countermeasures against portable surface to air missiles) and expanded cargo and baggage screening. DHS has also required certain flights to be cancelled on short notice for security reasons, and has required certain airports to remain at higher security levels than other locations.

In addition, foreign governments also have begun to institute additional security measures at foreign airports we serve, out of their own security concerns or in response to security measures imposed by the U.S.

A large part of the costs of these security measures is borne by the airlines and their passengers, and we believe that these and other security measures have the effect of decreasing the demand for air travel and the attractiveness of air transportation as compared to other modes of transportation in general. Security measures imposed by the U.S. and foreign governments after September 11, 2001 have increased our costs and therefore adversely affected our financial results, and additional measures taken in the future may result in similar adverse effects. See "Industry Regulation and Airport Access - Federal Regulations" above for a discussion of passenger and aviation security fees and their impact on us.


Expanded government regulation could further increase our operating costs and restrict our ability to conduct our business. As evidenced by the security measures discussed above, airlines are subject to extensive regulatory and legal compliance requirements that result in significant costs. Additional laws, regulations, taxes and airport rates and charges have been proposed from time to time that could significantly increase the cost of airline operations or reduce revenue. The FAA from time to time issues directives and other regulations relating to the maintenance and operation of aircraft that require significant expenditures. Some FAA requirements cover, among other things, retirement of older aircraft, security measures, collision avoidance systems, airborne windshear avoidance systems, noise abatement and other environmental concerns, commuter aircraft safety and increased inspections and maintenance procedures to be conducted on older aircraft. We expect to continue incurring expenses to comply with the FAA's regulations.

Many aspects of airlines' operations also are subject to increasingly stringent federal, state and local laws protecting the environment. Future regulatory developments in the U.S. and abroad could adversely affect operations and increase operating costs in the airline industry. For example, potential future actions that may be taken by the U.S. government, foreign governments, or the International Civil Aviation Organization to limit the emission of greenhouse gases by the aviation sector are unknown at this time, but the impact to us and our industry is likely to be adverse and could be significant.

Restrictions on the ownership and transfer of airline routes and takeoff and landing slots have also been proposed. See "Industry Regulation and Airport Access" above. The ability of U.S. carriers to operate international routes is subject to change because the applicable arrangements between the United States and foreign governments may be amended from time to time, or because appropriate slots or facilities are not made available. We cannot provide assurance that current laws and regulations, or laws or regulations enacted in the future, will not adversely affect us.

Our results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality and other factors associated with the airline industry. Due to greater demand for air travel during the summer months, revenue in the airline industry in the second and third quarters of the year is generally stronger than revenue in the first and fourth quarters of the year for most U.S. air carriers. Our results of operations generally reflect this seasonality, but also have been impacted by numerous other factors that are not necessarily seasonal, including excise and similar taxes, weather, air traffic control delays and general economic conditions, as well as the other factors discussed above. For example, in the third quarter of 2005, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disrupted our operations and resulted in unprecedented high prices and diminished supplies of jet fuel. As a result, our operating results for a quarterly period are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire year, and historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.

Flight Equipment

As shown in the following table, our operating fleet consisted of 356 mainline jets and 266 regional jets at December 31, 2005, excluding aircraft out of service. The regional jets are leased by ExpressJet from us and are operated by ExpressJet. Our purchase commitments (firm orders) for aircraft as of December 31, 2005 are also shown below. In addition to these firm orders, we have options to purchase 30 additional Boeing aircraft.


Aircraft
Type   


Total       
Aircraft     



Owned



Leased
  


Firm      
Orders
   

Seats in     
Standard     Configuration


Average Age
(In Years)  

             

787-8

-

 

-

 

-

 

10

(a)

TBD

 

-  

 

777-200ER

18

 

6

 

12

 

2

 

283

 

6.4

 

767-400ER

16

 

14

 

2

 

-

 

235

 

4.3

 

767-200ER

10

 

9

 

1

 

-

 

174

 

4.8

 

757-300

13

 

9

 

4

 

4

(b)

222

 

3.1

 

757-200

41

 

13

 

28

 

-

 

172

 

8.9

 

737-900

12

 

8

 

4

 

3

 

167

 

4.3

 

737-800

99

 

26

 

73

 

22

 

155

 

4.8

 

737-700

36

 

12

 

24

 

15

 

124

 

7.0

 

737-500

63

 

15

 

48

 

-

 

114

 

9.7

 

737-300

 48

 

  15

 

  33

 

-

 

124

 

19.2

 

Mainline jets

356

 

127

 

229

 

56

 

            

 

8.3

 
                         

ERJ-145XR

96

 

-

 

96

 

8

 

50

 

2.0

 

ERJ-145

140

 

18

 

122

 

-

 

50

 

5.6

 

ERJ-135

  30

 

    -

 

  30

 

  -

 

  37

 

5.3

 

Regional jets

 266

 

 18

 

248

 

    8

 

            

 

4.3

 
                         

Total

622

 

145

 

477

 

  64

     

6.6

 

  1. Includes three 787-8 firm order aircraft for which we have cancellation rights that expire on December 31, 2006.
  2. Used aircraft to be leased, including two aircraft delivered in 2005 but not yet placed into service.

During 2005, we put into service eight new Boeing 737-800 aircraft and four used 757-300 aircraft. Also during 2005, we removed from service three 737-300 aircraft and two MD-80 aircraft. We are scheduled to take delivery of six new 737-800 aircraft in 2006, with delivery of the remaining 46 new Boeing aircraft occurring from 2007 through 2011. In addition, we are scheduled to take delivery of two used 757-300 aircraft in 2006 under operating leases. The first 787-8 aircraft is scheduled to be delivered in 2009.

During 2005, ExpressJet took delivery of 21 ERJ-145XR aircraft. ExpressJet anticipates taking delivery of the final eight Embraer regional jet aircraft currently on order in 2006.

In addition to our operating fleet, we had eight owned and six leased MD-80 aircraft permanently removed from service as of December 31, 2005. Our last two active MD-80 aircraft were permanently grounded in January 2005. Additionally, we own seven out-of-service Embraer 120 turboprop aircraft. We are currently exploring sublease or sale opportunities for the remaining out-of-service aircraft.

Substantially all of the aircraft and engines we own are subject to mortgages. Substantially all of our spare parts inventory related to our core Boeing fleet is also encumbered.

See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources" for a discussion of our firm orders for new aircraft and related financing arrangements.

Facilities

Our principal facilities are Liberty International, Bush Intercontinental, Hopkins International and A.B. Won Pat International Airport in Guam. Substantially all of these facilities are leased on a net-rental basis, as we are responsible for maintenance, taxes, insurance and other facility-related expenses and services. These hub facilities (other than those located at Guam) have lease expiration dates ranging from 2006 to 2032. The current lease for our Guam terminal facilities has expired and an extension of that lease, which is expected to have a term ending in September 2009, is currently being negotiated. At each of our three domestic hub cities and most other locations, our passenger and baggage handling space is leased directly from the airport authority on varying terms dependent on prevailing practice at each airport. We also maintain administrative offices, terminal, catering, cargo and other airport facilities, training facilities, maintenance facilities and other facilities, in each case as necessary to support our operations in the cities we serve.

See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources" for a discussion of certain of our guarantees relating to our principal facilities, as well as our contingent liability for US Airways' obligations under a lease agreement covering the East End Terminal at LaGuardia Airport.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

Legal Proceedings

During the period between 1997 and 2001, we reduced or capped the base commissions that we paid to travel agents, and in 2002 we eliminated such base commissions. This was similar to actions also taken by other air carriers. We are now a defendant, along with several other air carriers, in two remaining lawsuits brought by travel agencies that purportedly opted out of a prior class action entitled Sarah Futch Hall d/b/a/ Travel Specialists v. United Air Lines, et al. (U.S.D.C., Eastern District of North Carolina), filed on June 21, 2000, in which the defendant airlines prevailed on summary judgment that was upheld on appeal. These similar suits against Continental and other major carriers allege violations of antitrust laws in reducing and ultimately eliminating the base commission formerly paid to travel agents. The pending cases are Tam Travel, Inc. v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., et al. (U.S.D.C., Northern District of California), filed on April 9, 2003 and Swope Travel Agency, et al. v. Orbitz LLC et al. (U.S.D.C., Eastern District of Texas), filed on June 5, 2003. Another such similar lawsuit, styled Paula Fausky, et al. v. American Airlines, et al. (U.S.D.C., Northern District of Ohio) and filed on May 8, 2003, was dismissed without prejudice in July 2005. By order dated November 10, 2003, the remaining actions were transferred and consolidated for pretrial purposes by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to the Northern District of Ohio. Discovery has commenced.

In each of the foregoing cases, we believe the plaintiffs' claims are without merit and are vigorously defending the lawsuits. Nevertheless, a final adverse court decision awarding substantial money damages could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Environmental Proceedings

Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (commonly known as "Superfund") and similar state environment cleanup laws, generators of waste disposed of at designated sites may, under certain circumstances, be subject to joint and several liability for investigation and remediation costs. We (including our predecessors) have been identified as a potentially responsible party at one federal site and one state site that are undergoing or have undergone investigation or remediation. We believe that, although applicable case law is evolving and some cases may be interpreted to the contrary, some or all of any liability claims associated with these sites were discharged by confirmation of our 1993 Plan of Reorganization, principally because our exposure is based on alleged offsite disposal known as of the date of confirmation. Even if any such claims were not discharged, on the basis of currently available information, we believe that our potential liability for our allocable share of the cost to remedy each site (if and to the extent we are found to be liable) is not, in the aggregate, material; however, we have not been designated a "de minimis" contributor at either site.

We are also and may from time to time become involved in other environmental matters, including the investigation and/or remediation of environmental conditions at properties we use or previously used. We could be responsible for environmental remediation costs primarily related to jet fuel and solvent contamination surrounding our aircraft maintenance hangar in Los Angeles. In 2001, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board ("CRWQCB") mandated a field study of the site and it was completed in September 2001. In April 2005, under the threat of a CRWQCB enforcement action, we began environmental remediation of jet fuel contamination surrounding our aircraft maintenance hangar pursuant to a work plan submitted to (and approved by) the CRWQCB and our landlord, the Los Angeles World Airports.

We have established a reserve for estimated costs of environmental remediation at Los Angeles and elsewhere in our system, based primarily on third party environmental studies and estimates as to the extent of the contamination and nature of the required remedial actions. We expect our total losses from environmental matters to be approximately $45 million, for which we were fully accrued at December 31, 2005. We have evaluated and recorded this accrual for environmental remediation costs separately from any related insurance recovery. We have not recognized any material receivables related to insurance recoveries at December 31, 2005.

Based on currently available information, we believe that our reserves for potential environmental remediation costs are adequate, although reserves could be adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. However, we do not expect these items to materially impact our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Although we are not currently subject to any environmental cleanup orders imposed by regulatory authorities, we are undertaking voluntary investigation or remediation at certain properties in consultation with such authorities. The full nature and extent of any contamination at these properties and the parties responsible for such contamination have not been determined, but based on currently available information and our current reserves, we do not believe that any environmental liability associated with such properties will have a material adverse effect on us.

General

Various other claims and lawsuits against us are pending that are of the type generally consistent with our business. We cannot at this time reasonably estimate the possible loss that could be experienced if any of the claims were successful. Many of these claims and lawsuits are covered in whole or in part by insurance. We do not believe that the foregoing matters will have a material adverse effect on us.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Common Stock Information

Our common stock (Class B common stock) trades on the New York Stock Exchange. The table below shows the high and low sales prices for our common stock as reported in the consolidated transaction reporting system during 2005 and 2004.

     

Class B          
Common Stock   

     

High   

Low  

         
 

2005

Fourth Quarter

$21.97

$  9.62

   

Third Quarter

$16.60

$  9.03

   

Second Quarter

$15.60

$11.08

   

First Quarter

$14.19

$  8.50

         
 

2004

Fourth Quarter

$14.01

$  7.63

   

Third Quarter

$11.68

$  7.80

   

Second Quarter

$13.93

$  9.05

   

First Quarter

$18.70

$10.85

As of February 24, 2006, there were approximately 20,594 holders of record of our common stock. We have paid no cash dividends on our common stock and have no current intention of doing so. Our agreement with the union representing our pilots provides that we will not declare a cash dividend or repurchase our outstanding common stock for cash until we have contributed at least $500 million to the pilots' defined benefit plan, measured from March 31, 2005. Through December 31, 2005, we have made $112 million of such contributions to the plan.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that no shares of capital stock may be voted by or at the direction of persons who are not United States citizens unless the shares are registered on a separate stock record. Our bylaws further provide that no shares will be registered on the separate stock record if the amount so registered would exceed United States foreign ownership restrictions. United States law currently limits the voting power in us (and other U.S. airlines) of persons who are not citizens of the United States to 25%.

Equity Compensation Plans

See Item 12. "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters" for information regarding our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2005.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

The following table sets forth the selected financial data of the Company derived from our consolidated financial statements. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in Item 8. "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

 

Year Ended December 31,                        

 

  2005  

  2004  

  2003  

  2002  

  2001  

           

Statement of Operations Data (in millions except per
share data) (1)(2):

         

Operating revenue

$11,208 

$9,899 

$9,001 

$8,511 

$9,049 

           

Operating expenses

11,247 

10,137 

8,813 

8,841 

8,921 

           

Operating income (loss)

(39)

(238)

188 

(330)

128 

           

Net income (loss)

(68)

(409)

28 

 (462)

 (105)

           

Basic earnings (loss) per share

(0.96)

(6.19)

0.43 

(7.19)

(1.89)

           

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

(0.97)

(6.25)

0.41 

(7.19)

(1.89)

           
           
 

As of December 31,

 

  2005  

  2004  

  2003  

  2002  

  2001  

           

Balance Sheet Data (in millions) (1):

         

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

$ 2,198 

$ 1,669 

$ 1,600

$ 1,342

$1,132

           

Total assets

10,529 

10,511 

10,620

10,615

9,778

           

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations

5,057 

5,167 

5,558 

5,471

4,448

           

Stockholders' equity

226 

155 

727 

712

1,117

 

Selected Operating Data

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

  2005  

  2004  

  2003  

  2002  

  2001  

Mainline Operations:

         

Passengers (thousands) (3)

44,939

42,743

40,613

41,777

45,064

Revenue passenger miles (millions) (4)

71,261

65,734

59,165

59,349

61,140

Available seat miles (millions) (5)

89,647

84,672

78,385

80,122

84,485

Cargo ton miles (millions)

1,018

1,026

917

908

917

Passenger load factor (6)

79.5%

77.6%

75.5%

74.1%

72.4%

           

Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents)

9.32

8.82

8.79

8.67

9.03

Total revenue per available seat mile (cents)

10.46

9.83

9.81

9.41

9.68

Average yield per revenue passenger mile (cents) (7)

11.73

11.37

11.64

11.71

12.48

Average segment fare per revenue passenger

$188.67

$177.90

$172.83

$169.37

$172.50

           

Operating cost per available seat mile, including
    special charges (cents) (8)


10.22


9.84


9.53


9.63


9.34

Average price per gallon of fuel, including fuel taxes (cents)


177.55


119.01


91.40


74.01


82.48

Fuel gallons consumed (millions)

1,376

1,333

1,257

1,296

1,426

           

Actual aircraft in fleet at end of period (9)

356

349

355

366

352

Average length of aircraft flight (miles)

1,388

1,325

1,270

1,225

1,185

Average daily utilization of each aircraft (hours) (10)

10:31

9:55

9:19

9:29

10:19

           

Regional Operations:

         

Passengers (thousands) (3)

16,076

13,739

11,445

9,264

8,354

Revenue passenger miles (millions) (4)

8,938

7,417

5,769

3,952

3,388

Available seat miles (millions) (5)

11,973

10,410

8,425

6,219

5,437

Passenger load factor (6)

74.7%

71.3%

68.5%

63.5%

62.3%

Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents)

15.67

15.09

15.31

15.45

15.93

Actual aircraft in fleet at end of period (9)

266

245

224

188

170

           

Consolidated Operations (Mainline and Regional):

         

Passengers (thousands) (3)

61,015

56,482

52,058

51,041

53,418

Revenue passenger miles (millions) (4)

80,199

73,151

64,934

63,301

64,528

Available seat miles (millions) (5)

101,620

95,082

86,810

86,341

89,922

Passenger load factor (6)

78.9%

76.9%

74.8%

73.3%

71.8%

Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents)

10.07

9.51

9.42

9.16

9.45

Average yield per revenue passenger mile (cents) (7)

12.76

12.36

12.60

12.49

13.17

  1. Amounts include ExpressJet through November 12, 2003.
  2. Includes the following special income (expense) items (in millions) for year ended December 31:
  3.  

      2005  

      2004  

      2003  

      2002  

      2001  

     

    Operating revenue:

             
     

    Change in expected redemption of frequent
       flyer mileage credits sold


    $   - 


    $  - 


    $  24 


    $     - 


    $      - 

                 
     

    Operating (expense) income:

             
     

    Fleet retirement and impairment charges

    16 

    (87)

    (86)

    (242)

    (61)

     

    Pension curtailment/settlement charges

    (83)

     

    Termination of 1993 service agreement with
      United Micronesia Development Association



    (34)




     

    Frequent flyer reward redemption cost
      adjustment



    (18)




     

    Security fee reimbursement

    176 

     

    Air Transportation Safety and System
      Stabilization Act grant





    (12)


    417 

     

    Severance and other special charges

    (14)

    (63)

                 
     

    Nonoperating (expense) income:

             
     

    Gains on investments

    204 

    305 

     

    Impairment of investments

    (22)

  4. Revenue passengers measured by each flight segment flown.
  5. The number of scheduled miles flown by revenue passengers.
  6. The number of seats available for passengers multiplied by the number of scheduled miles those seats are flown.
  7. Revenue passenger miles divided by available seat miles.
  8. The average passenger revenue received for each revenue passenger mile flown.
  9. Includes operating expense special items noted in (2) above. These special items increased (decreased) operating cost per available seat mile by 0.07, 0.16, (0.11), 0.25 and (0.36) in each of the five years, respectively.
  10. Excludes aircraft that were removed from service.
  11. The average number of hours per day that an aircraft flown in revenue service is operated (from gate departure to gate arrival).

 

 

 

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Overview

We recorded a net loss of $68 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, as compared to a net loss of $409 million and a net income of $28 million for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Our results for each of the last three years have been affected by a number of special items which are not necessarily indicative of our core operations or our future prospects, and impact comparability between years. These special items are discussed in "Consolidated Results of Operations" below. We would have incurred significant losses in 2005 and 2003 without the special items.

Primarily due to record-high fuel prices and the continued competitive domestic fare environment, the current U.S. domestic network carrier financial environment continues to be poor and could deteriorate further. During the third quarter of 2005, Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita caused widespread disruption to oil production, refinery operations and pipeline capacity along certain portions of the U.S. Gulf Coast. As a result of these disruptions, the price of jet fuel increased significantly and the availability of jet fuel supplies was diminished. Additionally, Hurricane Rita forced us to suspend service for 36 hours at our largest hub, Houston's Bush Intercontinental Airport, costing us an estimated $25 million. Further increases in jet fuel prices or disruptions in fuel supplies, whether as a result of natural disasters or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Among the many factors that threaten us are the continued rapid growth of low-cost carriers and resulting downward pressure on domestic fares, high fuel costs, excessive taxation and significant pension liabilities. In addition to competition from low-cost carriers, we may face stronger competition from carriers that have filed for bankruptcy protection, such as Delta Air Lines and Northwest Airlines (both of which filed for bankruptcy in September 2005), and from carriers recently emerging from bankruptcy, including US Airways (which emerged from bankruptcy in September 2005, for the second time since 2002) and United Airlines (which emerged from over three years of bankruptcy protection in February 2006). Carriers in bankruptcy are able to achieve substantial cost reductions through, among other things, reduction or discharge of debt, lease and pension obligations and wage and benefit reductions.

We have suffered substantial losses since September 11, 2001, the magnitude of which is not sustainable. Our ability to return to sustained profitability depends, among other factors, on implementing and maintaining a more competitive cost structure, retaining our revenue premium to the industry and our ability to respond effectively to the factors that threaten the airline industry as a whole. We have attempted to return to profitability by implementing the majority of $1.1 billion of annual cost-cutting and revenue-generating measures since 2002, and we have also made significant progress toward our goal of achieving an additional $500 million reduction in annual pay and benefits costs. On January 29, 2006, our flight attendants ratified a new contract which, along with previously announced pay and benefit reductions for other work groups, concludes the negotiation process to change wages, work rules and benefits for our domestic employees. We began implementing these pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes in early April 2005, which, when fully implemented, are expected to result in approximately $490 million of annual pay and benefits cost savings on a run-rate basis. We expect to complete the process of obtaining the final $10 million of our targeted $500 million in annual pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes, principally with our unionized workgroups at CMI, in the near future.

Although revenue trends have been improving, our passenger revenue per available seat mile for our mainline operations was 5.8% lower in 2005 compared to 2000, the last full year before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. We have been able to implement some fare increases on certain domestic and international routes in recent months, but these increases have not fully offset the substantial increase in fuel prices.

We expect to incur a significant loss for the first quarter of 2006 due to the continued low domestic fare environment and high fuel costs. However, we believe that under current conditions, absent adverse factors outside of our control, such as additional terrorist attacks, hostilities involving the United States, or further significant increases in jet fuel prices, our existing liquidity and projected 2006 cash flows will be sufficient to fund current operations and other financial obligations through 2006.

Although we have significant financial obligations due in 2007, we also believe that under current conditions and absent adverse factors outside of our control, such as those described above, our projected 2007 cash flows from operations and access to capital markets will provide us with sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and meet our other obligations through the end of 2007.

Summary of Principal Risk Factors

Among the many factors that threaten us and the airline industry generally are the following:

  • Competition. The continued growth of low-cost carriers is increasing the competitive pressures within the airline industry. For example, a low-cost carrier began to directly compete with us on flights between Liberty International and destinations in Florida in 2005. We are responding vigorously to this challenge, but have experienced decreased yields on affected flights. In addition, carriers in or emerging from bankruptcy have or will have significantly reduced cost structures and operational flexibility that will allow them to compete more effectively, and other carriers have used the threat of bankruptcy to achieve substantial cost savings. Moreover, several of our domestic competitors have also announced aggressive plans to expand into international markets, including some destinations that we currently serve. We have initiated three sets of revenue-generating and cost-savings initiatives since 2002 designed to improve our annual pre-tax results by over $1.1 billion, and have achieved agreements relating to the vast majority of our targeted $500 million in annual pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes. While we are on track to meet these goals, our cost structure remains higher than that of the low-cost carriers and several of our network competitors.
  • Low Fare Environment. As many low-cost carriers have introduced lower and simplified fare structures (such as shortening advance purchase requirements and reducing the number of fare classes), we have had to match those fare levels on a majority of our domestic routes to remain competitive. In January 2005, Delta announced a new nationwide pricing structure on most of its flights that significantly reduced many ticket prices, including those for first class seats and last minute purchases. Delta also eliminated Saturday-night stay requirements. We have matched the Delta fare reductions and structure in competitive markets and further fare reductions or further simplification of fare structures may occur in the future.
  • Fuel Costs. Fuel costs, which have recently reached unprecedented high levels, constitute a significant portion of our operating expense. Mainline fuel costs and related taxes represented approximately 26.7% of our mainline operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005. The price of crude has recently been trading at historic levels. Based on gallons expected to be consumed in 2006, for every one dollar increase in the price of crude oil, our annual fuel expense would increase by approximately $42 million. As of December 31, 2005, we did not have any fuel price hedges in place. In February 2006, we entered into petroleum swap contracts to hedge a minimal portion of our projected 2006 fuel usage.
  • Labor Costs. As discussed above, we have reached agreements with the vast majority of our work groups to reduce pay and benefit costs and enhance work rule productivity. Even assuming the full run-rate benefits of the $500 million reduction in annual pay and benefit costs, we estimate that our labor CASM will continue to be higher than that of many of our competitors.
  • Excessive Taxation. The U.S. airline industry is one of the most heavily taxed of all industries. These fees and taxes have grown significantly in the past decade and currently include (a) a federal excise tax of 7.5% of the value of the ticket; (b) a federal segment tax of $3.30 per domestic flight segment of a passenger's itinerary; (c) local airport charges of up to $18 per round trip; and (d) airport security fees of up to $10 per round trip. Various U.S. fees and taxes are also assessed on international flights that can result in additional fees and taxes of up to $46 per international round trip, not counting fees and taxes imposed by foreign governments. Certain of these assessments must be included in the fares we advertise or quote to our customers. Due to competition, many increases in these fees and taxes that are not required to be included in fares have been absorbed by the airline industry rather than being passed on to the passenger. These fees and taxes, which are not included in our reported passenger revenue, increased to $1.2 billion for us for the year ended December 31, 2005, compared to $1.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2004.
  • Pension Liability. We have significant commitments to our defined benefit pension plans. In 2005, we contributed $224 million in cash and 12.1 million shares of Holdings common stock valued at approximately $130 million to our defined benefit pension plans. Based on current assumptions and applicable law, we will be required to contribute in excess of $1.5 billion to our defined benefit pension plans over the next ten years, including $258 million in 2006, to meet our minimum funding obligations.

Results of Operations

Special Items. The comparability of our financial results between years is affected by a number of special items. Our results for each of the last three years included the following special items (in millions):

 

Pre Tax        

 

Income (Expense)

     

Year Ended December 31, 2005

   

Gain on sale of Copa Holdings, S.A. shares (1)

$ 106 

 

Gain on dispositions of ExpressJet stock (2)

98 

 

Pension curtailment/settlement charges (3)

(83)

 

Reserve reduction on grounded aircraft (4)

   16 

 
 

$ 137 

 
   

Year Ended December 31, 2004

   

MD-80 aircraft retirement charges and other (4)

$  (87)

 

Termination of United Micronesia Development Association
  Service Agreement (4)


(34)

 

Frequent flyer reward redemption cost adjustment (5)

  (18)

 
 

$(139)

 
     

Year Ended December 31, 2003

   

Security fee reimbursement (6)

$  176 

 

Gain on dispositions of ExpressJet stock (2)

173 

 

Gain on Hotwire and Orbitz investments (after related
    compensation expense and including an adjustment to fair

    value of remaining investment in Orbitz) (7)



132 

 

MD-80 aircraft retirement and impairment charges (4)

(86)

 

Revenue adjustment for change in expected redemption of
    frequent flyer mileage credits sold (5)


24 

 

Boeing 737 aircraft delivery deferral (4)

  (14)

 
 

$  405 

 
  1. See Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  2. See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  3. See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  4. See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  5. See Note 1(k) to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  6. See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.
  7. See Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.

The following discussion provides an analysis of our results of operations and reasons for material changes therein for the three years ended December 31, 2005. Significant components of our operating results are as follows (in millions, except percentage changes):

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2004

Year Ended        
December 31,      


Increase      


% Increase     

  2005    

  2004    

(Decrease)   

(Decrease)     

         

Operating Revenue:

       

  Passenger

$10,235 

$9,042 

$1,193 

 

13.2 %

 

  Cargo, mail and other

     973 

    857 

   116 

 

13.5 %

 
 

11,208 

 9,899 

1,309 

 

13.2 %

 
             

Operating Expenses:

           

  Wages, salaries and related costs

2,649 

2,819 

(170)

 

(6.0)%

 

  Aircraft fuel and related taxes

2,443 

1,587 

856 

 

53.9 %

 

  ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

1,572 

1,351 

221 

 

16.4 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

928 

891 

37 

 

4.2 %

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

708 

654 

54 

 

8.3 %

 

  Distribution costs

588 

552 

36 

 

6.5 %

 

  Maintenance, materials and repairs

455 

414 

41 

 

9.9 %

 

  Depreciation and amortization

389 

415 

(26)

 

(6.3)%

 

  Passenger servicing

332 

306 

26 

 

8.5 %

 

  Special charges

67 

      121 

   (54)

 

NM   

 

  Other

 1,116 

  1,027 

      89 

 

8.7 %

 
 

11,247 

10,137 

 1,110 

 

10.9 %

 
             

Operating Loss

(39)

(238)

(199)

 

(83.6)%

 
             

Nonoperating Income (Expense)

     (29)

  (211)

 (182)

 

(86.3)%

 
             

Loss before Income Taxes and
  Minority Interest


(68)


(449)


(381)

 


(84.9)%

 
             

Income Tax Benefit

        -  

    40 

   (40)

 

(100.0)%

 
             

Net Loss

$    (68)

$ (409)

$(341)

 

(83.4)%

 

Operating Revenue. Passenger revenue increased 13.2%, primarily due to higher traffic and capacity in all geographic regions, higher fares on international flights and more regional flying. Consolidated revenue passenger miles for 2005 increased 9.6% year-over-year on a capacity increase of 6.9%, which produced a consolidated load factor for 2005 of 78.9%, up 2.0 points over 2004. Consolidated yield increased 3.2% year-over-year. Consolidated revenue per available seat mile ("RASM") for 2005 increased 5.9% over 2004 due to higher load factor and yield. The improved RASM reflects recent fuel-driven fare increases and our efforts to manage the revenue associated with the emerging trend of customers booking closer to flight dates, an improved mix of local versus flow traffic and our efforts to reduce discounting.

The table below shows passenger revenue for the year ended December 31, 2005 and period to period comparisons for passenger revenue, RASM and available seat miles ("ASMs") by geographic region for our mainline and regional operations:

 

2005          


Percentage Increase 2005 vs. 2004           

 

Passenger Revenue

 

     (in millions)    

Passenger Revenue

RASM

ASMs

         

Domestic

$ 4,772

 

5.8%

 

5.3%

0.5%

Transatlantic

1,733

 

26.9%

 

8.8%

16.6%

Latin America

1,085

 

11.1%

 

7.2%

3.7%

Pacific

    768

 

24.3%

 

3.1%

20.6%

Total Mainline

8,358

 

11.9%

 

5.7%

5.9%

             

Regional

 1,877

 

19.4%

 

3.8%

15.0%

             

Total System

$10,235

 

13.2%

 

5.9%

6.9%


Cargo, mail and other revenue increased 13.5% in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily due to increases in revenue associated with sales of mileage credits in our OnePass frequent flyer program, passenger change fees and increases in freight fuel surcharges.

Operating Expenses. Wages, salaries and related costs decreased 6.0% primarily due to pay and benefit reductions and work rule changes, partially offset by a slight increase in the average number of employees. Aircraft fuel and related taxes increased 53.9% due to a significant rise in fuel prices, combined with an increase in flight activity. The average jet fuel price per gallon including related taxes increased 49.2% from $1.19 in 2004 to $1.78 in 2005. The impact of jet fuel prices in 2004 was partially offset by $74 million of gains from our fuel hedging activities. We had no fuel hedges in place during 2005.

Payments made under our capacity purchase agreement are reported in ExpressJet capacity purchase, net. ExpressJet capacity purchase, net includes all of ExpressJet's fuel expense plus a margin on ExpressJet's fuel expense up to a cap provided in the capacity purchase agreement and a related fuel purchase agreement (which margin applies only to the first 71.2 cents per gallon, including fuel taxes) and is net of our rental income on aircraft we lease to ExpressJet. The net expense was higher in 2005 than 2004 due to increased flight activity at ExpressJet, a larger fleet and increased fuel prices, offset in part by lower rates effective January 1, 2005 under the capacity purchase agreement.

Aircraft rentals increased due to new mainline and regional aircraft delivered in 2005. Landing fees and other rentals were higher primarily due to the completion of our new international Terminal E and related facilities at Bush Intercontinental. Distribution costs increased primarily due to higher credit card fees and reservation costs related to the increase in revenue. Maintenance, materials and repairs increased primarily due to higher contractual repair rates associated with a maturing fleet. The lower depreciation and amortization in 2005 resulted from discontinued depreciation related to the permanent grounding of MD-80 aircraft in 2003 and 2004. Other operating expenses increased primarily due to higher number of international flights which resulted in increased air navigation, ground handling, security and related expenses.

In 2005, we recorded special charges of $67 million which consisted primarily of a curtailment charge of $43 million related to the freezing of the portion of our defined benefit pension plan attributable to pilots, a $40 million settlement charge related to lump-sum distributions from the pilot pension plans, and a $16 million reversal of a portion of our reserve for exit costs related to permanently grounded aircraft.

In 2004, we recorded special charges of $121 million. Included in these charges were $87 million associated with future obligations for rent and return conditions related to 16 leased MD-80 aircraft which were permanently grounded and a non-cash charge of $34 million related to the termination of a 1993 service agreement with United Micronesia Development Association. In the fourth quarter of 2004, we recorded a change in expected future costs for frequent flyer reward redemptions on alliance carriers, resulting in a one-time increase to other operating expenses of $18 million.

Nonoperating Income (Expense). Nonoperating income (expense) includes net interest expense, income from affiliates, and gains from dispositions of investments. Total nonoperating income (expense) was a net expense in both 2005 and 2004. The net expense decreased $182 million in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily due to gains of $98 million in 2005 related to the contribution of 12.1 million shares of Holdings common stock to our primary defined benefit pension plan and a $106 million gain related to the sale of a portion of our investment in Copa Holdings, S.A. ("Copa"), the parent of Copa Airlines. Net interest expense (interest expense less interest income and capitalized interest) decreased $20 million in 2005 as a result of interest income on our higher cash balances, partially offset by interest expense on new debt issued in 2005. Income from affiliates, which includes income related to our tax sharing agreement with Holdings and our equity in the earnings of Holdings and Copa, was $28 million lower in 2005 as compared to 2004 as a result of our reduced ownership interest in Holdings and less income from our tax sharing agreement with Holdings.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense). Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, due to our continued losses, we concluded that we were required to provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets because we had determined that it was more likely than not that such deferred tax assets would ultimately not be realized. As a result, our 2005 losses and the majority of our 2004 losses were not reduced by any tax benefit. Our effective tax rate for the first three months of 2004 also differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to increases in the valuation allowance, certain expenses that are not deductible for federal income tax purposes and state income taxes.

Segment Results of Operations


We have two reportable segments: mainline and regional. The mainline segment consists of flights to cities using jets with a capacity of greater than 100 seats while the regional segment consists of flights using jets with a capacity of 50 or fewer seats. The regional segment is operated by ExpressJet through a capacity purchase agreement. Under that agreement, we handle all of the scheduling and are responsible for setting prices and selling all of the seat inventory. In exchange for ExpressJet's operation of the flights, we pay ExpressJet for each scheduled block hour based on an agreed formula. Under the agreement, we recognize all passenger, cargo and other revenue associated with each flight, and are responsible for all revenue-related expenses, including commissions, reservations, catering and terminal rent at hub airports.

We evaluate segment performance based on several factors, of which the primary financial measure is operating income (loss). However, we do not manage our business or allocate resources based on segment operating profit or loss because (1) our flight schedules are designed to maximize revenue from passengers flying, (2) many operations of the two segments are substantially integrated (for example, airport operations, sales and marketing, scheduling and ticketing), and (3) management decisions are based on their anticipated impact on the overall network, not on one individual segment.

Mainline. Significant components of our mainline segment's operating results are as follows (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Year Ended December 31,

Increase  

% Increase

 

  2005  

  2004  

(Decrease)

(Decrease) 

         

Operating Revenue

$9,377

$ 8,327 

$1,050 

 

12.6 %

 
             

Operating Expenses:

           

  Wages, salaries and related costs

2,605

2,773 

(168)

 

(6.1)%

 

  Aircraft fuel and related taxes

2,443

1,587 

856 

 

53.9 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

640

632 

 

1.3 %

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

667

622 

45 

 

7.2 %

 

  Distribution costs

494

472 

22 

 

4.7 %

 

  Maintenance, materials and repairs

455

414 

41 

 

9.9 %

 

  Depreciation and amortization

378

404 

(26)

 

(6.4)%

 

  Passenger servicing

318

295 

23 

 

7.8 %

 

  Special charges

67

121 

(54)

 

NM   

 

  Other

1,095

 1,014 

     81 

 

8.0 %

 
 

9,162

 8,334 

   828 

 

9.9 %

 
             

Operating Income (Loss)

$  215

$      (7

$  222 

 

NM   

 


The variances in specific line items for the mainline segment are due to the same factors discussed under consolidated results of operations.

Regional. Significant components of our regional segment's operating results are as follows (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Year Ended        

   
 

December 31,      

Increase   

% Increase    

 

  2005  

  2004  

(Decrease)

 (Decrease)    

         

Operating Revenue

$1,831 

$ 1,572 

$259 

 

16.5 %

 
             

Operating Expenses:

           

  Wages, salaries and related costs

44 

46 

(2)

 

(4.3)%

 

  ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

1,572 

1,351 

221 

 

16.4 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

288 

259 

29 

 

11.2 %

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

41 

32 

 

28.1 %

 

  Distribution costs

94 

80 

14 

 

17.5 %

 

  Depreciation and amortization

11 

11 

 

-      

 

  Passenger servicing

14 

11 

 

27.3 %

 

  Other

     21 

      13 

    8 

 

61.5 %

 
 

2,085 

1,803 

282 

 

15.6 %

 
             

Operating Loss

$ (254)

$ (231)

$ 23 

 

10.0 %

 

The reported results of our regional segment do not reflect the total contribution of the regional segment to our system-wide operations. The regional segment generates revenue for the mainline segment as it feeds passengers from smaller cities into our hubs.

The variances in specific line items for the regional segment are due to the growth in our regional operations and reflect generally the same factors discussed under consolidated results of operations. ASMs for our regional operations increased by 15% in 2005 compared to 2004.

ExpressJet capacity purchase, net increased due to increased flight activity at ExpressJet and the higher number of regional jets leased from us by ExpressJet. The net amounts consist of the following (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Year Ended December 31,  

   
 

  2005   

  2004         

Increase  

% Increase

         

Capacity purchase expenses

$1,560 

$1,507 

 

$53

 

3.5%

 

Fuel and fuel taxes in excess of 71.2
  cents per gallon cap


322 


126 

 


196

 


155.6%

 

Aircraft sublease income

  (310)

  (282)

 

   28

 

9.9%

 

ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

$1,572 

$1,351 

 

$221

 

16.4%

 


Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2004 to December 31, 2003

The deconsolidation of Holdings from our financial statements effective November 12, 2003, more fully described in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report, also impacts the comparability of our results to those of prior years with the exception of passenger revenue. Accordingly, the expense variance explanations discussed below exclude the effect of ExpressJet in 2003 unless indicated otherwise. Significant components of our operating results attributable to the deconsolidation of ExpressJet and attributable to our business generally are set forth in the table below (in millions, except percentage changes):




Year Ended        
December 31,     

Components of Increase (Decrease)

Increase         
(Decrease)       
related to         
ExpressJet         



All Other  
Increase  

% Increase     
(Decrease)     
Excluding     
ExpressJet     

  2004    

  2003   

Deconsolidation (A)

(Decrease)

Deconsolidation

           

Operating Revenue:

         

  Passenger

$9,042 

$8,179 

$      - 

 

$  863 

 

10.6 %

 

  Cargo, mail and other

    857 

   822 

    (4)

 

     39 

 

4.8 %

 
 

 9,899 

9,001 

    (4)

 

   902 

 

10.0 %

 
                 

Operating Expenses:

               

  Wages, salaries and related costs

2,819 

3,056 

(304)

 

67 

 

2.4 %

 

  Aircraft fuel and related taxes

1,587 

1,319 

(170)

 

438 

 

38.1 %

 

  ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

1,351 

153 

953 

 

245 

 

22.2 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

891 

896 

 

(5)

 

(0.6)%

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

654 

632 

(87)

 

109 

 

20.0 %

 

  Distribution costs

552 

525 

 

27 

 

5.1 %

 

  Maintenance, materials and repairs

414 

509 

(111)

 

16 

 

4.0 %

 

  Depreciation and amortization

415 

447 

(17)

 

(15)

 

(3.5)%

 

  Passenger servicing

306 

297 

(11)

 

20 

 

7.0 %

 

  Security fee reimbursement

(176)

 

173 

 

NM   

 

  Special charges

      121 

100 

     - 

 

   21 

 

NM   

 

  Other

  1,027 

1,055 

(103)

 

      75 

 

7.9 %

 
 

10,137 

8,813 

  153 

 

 1,171 

 

13.1 %

 
                 

Operating Income (Loss)

(238)

188 

(157)

 

(269)

 

NM   

 
                 

Nonoperating Income (Expense)

  (211)

    (2)

   50 

 

 (259)

 

NM   

 
                 

Income (Loss) before Income
  Taxes and Minority Interest


(449)


186 


(107)

 


(528)

 


NM   

 
                 

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

40 

(109)

58 

 

91 

 

NM   

 
                 

Minority Interest

       - 

  (49)

   49 

 

       - 

 

NM   

 
                 

Net Income (Loss)

$ (409)

$    28 

$     - 

 

$(437)

 

NM   

 
  1. Represents increase (decrease) in amounts had ExpressJet been deconsolidated for all of 2003 and reported using the equity method of accounting at 53.1% ownership interest.

Explanations for significant variances, after taking into account changes associated with the ExpressJet deconsolidation, are as follows:

Operating Revenue. Total passenger revenue increased during 2004 as compared to 2003, due to higher traffic and capacity in all geographic regions combined with the negative impact of the hostilities in Iraq and SARS on the prior year results. However, in spite of the increase in load factors, the continuing erosion of fares in the domestic and Caribbean markets resulted in a decrease in yields for 2004 compared to 2003.

The table below shows passenger revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004 and period-to-period comparisons for passenger revenue, revenue per available seat mile (RASM) and available seat miles (ASMs) by geographic region for our mainline and regional operations:

 

2004          


Percentage Increase (Decrease) 2004 vs. 2003

 

Passenger Revenue

 

     (in millions)    

Passenger Revenue

RASM

ASMs

         

Domestic

$4,510

 

2.3%

 

(0.8)%

3.1%

Transatlantic

1,366

 

26.1%

 

4.0 %

21.2%

Latin America

977

 

8.3%

 

(2.9)%

11.5%

Pacific

   618

 

25.0%

 

13.2 %

10.5%

Total Mainline

7,471

 

8.4%

 

0.2 %

8.0%

             

Regional

 1,571

 

21.8%

 

(1.4)%

23.6%

             

Total System

$9,042

 

10.6%

 

0.9 %

9.5%


Cargo, mail and other revenue increased in 2004 compared to 2003, primarily due to higher freight and mail volumes and revenue-generating initiatives, partially offset by decreased military charter flights. Our results for 2003 also included $24 million of additional revenue resulting from a change in the expected redemption of frequent flyer mileage credits sold.

Operating Expenses. Wages, salaries and related costs increased in 2004 compared to 2003 primarily due to increased flight activity which resulted in a slight increase in the average number of employees and higher wage rates. Aircraft fuel and related taxes increased due to a significant rise in fuel prices, combined with an increase in flight activity. The average jet fuel price per gallon including related taxes increased 30.2% from $0.91 in 2003 to $1.19 in 2004. The impact of higher jet fuel prices in 2004 was partially offset by $74 million of gains from our fuel hedging activities. Such gains were immaterial in 2003.

In 2004, obligations under our capacity purchase agreement are reported as ExpressJet capacity purchase, net. ExpressJet capacity purchase, net includes all of ExpressJet's fuel expense plus a margin on ExpressJet's fuel expense up to a cap provided in the capacity purchase agreement and a related fuel purchase agreement (which margin applies only to the first 71.2 cents per gallon, including fuel taxes) and is net of our rental income on aircraft we lease to ExpressJet. In 2003, intercompany transactions between us and Holdings or ExpressJet under the capacity purchase agreement were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. The actual obligations under the capacity purchase agreement were higher in 2004 than in 2003 due to ExpressJet's larger fleet and a 23.6% increase in regional ASMs.

Landing fees and other rentals were higher due to increased flights at certain airports and fixed rent increases combined with our no longer charging ExpressJet rent at certain airports. The most significant increases were at Liberty International Airport in Newark and Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston, where Terminal E was completed. Commissions, booking fees, credit card fees and other distribution costs increased due to higher credit card and booking fees as a result of increased revenue.

In May 2003, we received and recognized in earnings a security fee reimbursement of $176 million in cash from the United States government pursuant to a supplemental appropriations bill enacted in April 2003. This amount was reimbursement for our proportional share of passenger security and air carrier security fees paid or collected by U.S. air carriers as of the date of enactment of the law, together with other items.

In 2004, we recorded special charges of $121 million. Included in these charges were $87 million associated with future obligations for rent and return conditions related to 16 leased MD-80 aircraft which were permanently grounded and a non-cash charge of $34 million related to the termination of a 1993 service agreement with United Micronesia Development Association. Special charges in 2003 consisted of $86 million of retirement and impairment charges for our MD-80 fleet and spare parts associated with the grounded aircraft and a $14 million charge in the second quarter for expenses associated with the deferral of Boeing 737 aircraft deliveries.

In the fourth quarter of 2004, we recorded a change in expected future costs for frequent flyer reward redemptions on alliance carriers, resulting in a one-time increase to other operating expenses of $18 million.

Nonoperating Income (Expense). Nonoperating income (expense) includes net interest expense, income from affiliates, and gains from dispositions of investments. Total nonoperating income (expense) was a net expense in both 2004 and 2003. The net expense increased $259 million in 2004 compared to 2003 primarily due to gains in 2003 of $173 million on the dispositions of Holdings shares and $132 million related to the sale of our investments in Hotwire and Orbitz. Interest expense, net of capitalized interest and interest income, for 2004 was relatively flat compared to 2003. Income from affiliates, which includes income related to our tax sharing agreement with Holdings and our equity in the earnings of Holdings and Copa, was $34 million higher in 2004 as compared to 2003 primarily as a result of higher tax sharing payments in 2004.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense). Our effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to increases in the valuation allowance, certain expenses that are not deductible for federal income tax purposes, state income taxes and the accrual in 2003 of income tax expense on our share of Holdings' net income. Additionally, due to our continued losses, we were required to provide a valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets beginning in the first quarter of 2004. As a result, the majority of our 2004 losses were not reduced by any tax benefit. The impact of the non-deductibility of certain expenses and state income taxes on our effective tax rate is generally greater in periods for which we report lower income (loss) before income taxes. During 2003, we contributed 7.4 million shares of Holdings common stock valued at approximately $100 million to our defined benefit pension plan. For tax purposes, our deduction was limited to the market value of the shares contributed. Since our tax basis in the shares was higher than the market value at the time of the contribution, the nondeductible portion increased our tax expense by $9 million.

Minority Interest. Minority interest of $49 million in 2003 represents the portion of Holdings' net income attributable to the equity of Holdings that we did not own prior to November 12, 2003, the date we deconsolidated Holdings. Transactions between us and Holdings or ExpressJet prior to deconsolidation were otherwise eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

Segment Results of Operations


Mainline. Significant components of our mainline segment's operating results are as follows (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Year Ended December 31,

Increase  

% Increase

 

  2004  

  2003  

(Decrease)

(Decrease) 

         

Operating Revenue

$ 8,327 

$7,690 

$  637 

 

8.3 %

 
             

Operating Expenses:

 

 

       

  Wages, salaries and related costs

2,773 

2,713 

60 

 

2.2 %

 

  Aircraft fuel and related taxes

1,587 

1,149 

438 

 

38.1 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

632 

670 

(38)

 

(5.7)%

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

622 

540 

82 

 

15.2 %

 

  Distribution costs

472 

456 

16 

 

3.5 %

 

  Maintenance, materials and repairs

414 

398 

16 

 

4.0 %

 

  Depreciation and amortization

404 

419 

(15)

 

(3.6)%

 

  Passenger servicing

295 

278 

17 

 

6.1 %

 

  Security fee reimbursement

(173)

173 

 

NM   

 

  Special charges

121 

       91 

30 

 

NM   

 

  Other

 1,014 

   930 

     84 

 

9.0 %

 
 

 8,334 

7,471 

   863 

 

11.6 %

 
             

Operating Income (Loss)

$      (7)

$   219 

$(226)

 

NM   

 


The variances in specific line items for the mainline segment are due to the same factors discussed under consolidated results of operations. Aircraft rental expense decreased primarily due to lease expirations and aircraft retirements and lower rates on renewal leases partially offset by new aircraft deliveries.

Regional. The deconsolidation of ExpressJet in 2003 affected the comparability of our regional segment's financial results. Significant components of our regional segment's operating results attributable to the deconsolidation of ExpressJet and attributable to the segment's business generally are as follows (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Components of Increase (Decrease)                      

   

Increase             

 

% Increase     

   

(Decrease)           

 

(Decrease)     

 

Year Ended        

Related to            

All Other

Excluding     

 

December 31,      

ExpressJet           

Increase  

ExpressJet     

 

  2004  

  2003  

Deconsolidation (A)

(Decrease)

Deconsolidation

           

Operating Revenue

$ 1,572 

$1,311 

$    (4)

 

265 

 

20.3 %

 
                 

Operating Expenses:

               

  Wages, salaries and related costs

46 

343 

(304)

 

 

17.9 %

 

  Aircraft fuel and related taxes

170 

(170)

 

 

-      

 

  ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

1,351 

153 

953 

 

245 

 

22.2 %

 

  Aircraft rentals

259 

226 

 

33 

 

14.6 %

 

  Landing fees and other rentals

32 

92 

(87)

 

27 

 

540.0 %

 

  Distribution costs

80 

69 

 

11 

 

15.9 %

 

  Maintenance, materials and repairs

111 

(111)

 

 

-      

 

  Depreciation and amortization

11 

28 

(17)

 

 

-      

 

  Passenger servicing

11 

19 

(11)

 

 

37.5 %

 

  Security fee reimbursement

(3)

 

 

-      

 

  Special charges

 

(9)

 

NM    

 

  Other

      13 

    125 

  (103)

 

   (9)

 

(40.9)%

 
 

1,803 

1,342 

   153 

 

 308 

 

20.6 %

 
                 

Operating Loss

$ (231)

$   (31)

$ (157)

 

$(43)

 

22.9 %

 
  1. Represents increase (decrease) in amounts had ExpressJet been deconsolidated for all of 2003 and reported using the equity method of accounting at 53.1% ownership interest.

The reported results of our regional segment do not reflect the total contribution of the regional segment to our system-wide operations. The regional segment generates revenue for the mainline segment as it feeds passengers from smaller cities into our hubs.

The variances in specific line items for the regional segment are due to the same factors discussed under consolidated results of operations, with the exception of aircraft rentals. Regional aircraft rental expense increased due to the higher number of regional jets in ExpressJet's fleet. ExpressJet took delivery of 21 new regional jets in 2004.

ExpressJet capacity purchase, net increased due to increased flight activity at ExpressJet and the higher number of regional jets leased from us by ExpressJet. The net amounts consist of the following (in millions, except percentage changes):

 

Year Ended December 31,  

   
 

  2004   

  2003 (A)     

Increase  

% Increase

         

Capacity purchase expenses

$1,507 

$1,311 

 

$196

 

15.0%

 

Fuel and fuel taxes in excess of 71.2
  cents per gallon cap


126 


45 

 


81

 


180.0%

 

Aircraft sublease income

  (282)

  (250)

 

  32

 

12.8%

 

ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

$1,351 

$1,106 

 

$245

 

22.2%

 
  1. Represents amounts had ExpressJet been deconsolidated for all of 2003 and reported using the equity method of accounting at 53.1% ownership interest.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2005, we had $2.2 billion in consolidated cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, which is $529 million more than at December 31, 2004. At December 31, 2005, we had $241 million of restricted cash, which is primarily collateral for estimated future workers' compensation claims, credit card processing contracts, letters of credit and performance bonds. Restricted cash at December 31, 2004 totaled $211 million.

For a discussion of a number of factors that may impact our liquidity and the sufficiency of our capital resources, see "Overview" above.

Operating Activities. Cash flows provided by operations for 2005 were $457 million, compared to cash flows provided by operations of $373 million for 2004. The increase in cash flows provided by operations in 2005 compared to 2004 is primarily the result of advance ticket sales associated with increased international flight activity and the impact of our cost-savings initiatives, partially offset by higher fuel costs. Cash flows provided by operations in 2004 benefited from our election with respect to 2004 to defer contributions to our primary defined benefit pension plan. Cash contributions to our defined benefit pension plans totaled $224 million in 2005.

Investing Activities. Cash flows provided by investing activities were $51 million for 2005, compared to cash flows provided by investing activities of $53 million for 2004. In 2005, we received $172 million from the sale of approximately nine million shares of Copa common stock. In 2004, we received $98 million related to the disposition of our remaining investment in Orbitz.

Our capital expenditures during 2005 totaled $185 million and net purchase deposits paid totaled $3 million, while our capital expenditures during 2004 totaled $162 million and net purchase deposits refunded totaled $111 million. Capital expenditures for 2006 are expected to be approximately $300 million, or $325 million after considering purchase deposits to be paid, net of purchase deposits to be refunded. Projected capital expenditures for 2006 consist of $155 million of fleet expenditures, $100 million of non-fleet expenditures and $45 million for rotable parts and capitalized interest.

As of December 31, 2005, we had firm commitments for 52 new aircraft from Boeing, with an estimated cost of $2.5 billion, and options to purchase 30 additional Boeing aircraft. We are scheduled to take delivery of six new 737-800 aircraft in 2006, with delivery of the remaining 46 new Boeing aircraft occurring from 2007 through 2011. In addition, we are scheduled to take delivery of two used 757-300 aircraft in 2006 under operating leases.

We have backstop financing for six 737-800 aircraft to be delivered in 2006 and two 777-200ER aircraft to be delivered in 2007. By virtue of these agreements, we have financing available for all Boeing aircraft scheduled to be delivered through 2007. However, we do not have backstop financing or any other financing currently in place for the remainder of the aircraft. Further financing will be needed to satisfy our capital commitments for our firm aircraft and other related capital expenditures. We can provide no assurance that sufficient financing will be available for the aircraft on order or other related capital expenditures, or for our capital expenditures in general.

As of December 31, 2005, ExpressJet had firm commitments for the final eight regional jets currently on order from Embraer with an estimated cost of approximately $0.2 billion. ExpressJet currently anticipates taking delivery of these regional jets in 2006. ExpressJet does not have an obligation to take any of these firm Embraer aircraft that are not financed by a third party and leased to either ExpressJet or us. Under the capacity purchase agreement between us and ExpressJet, we have agreed to lease as lessee and sublease to ExpressJet the regional jets that are subject to ExpressJet's firm purchase commitments. In addition, under the capacity purchase agreement with ExpressJet, we generally are obligated to purchase all of the capacity provided by these new aircraft as they are delivered to ExpressJet.

We also have significant operating lease and facility rental obligations. Aircraft and facility rental expense under operating leases were approximately $1.4 billion in 2005.

Financing Activities. Cash flows provided by financing activities, primarily the issuance of new long-term debt offset by the payment of long-term debt and capital lease obligations, were $37 million for 2005, compared to cash flows used in financing activities of $364 million in 2004. We issued $436 million of new debt and raised $203 million through the public offering of 18 million shares of our common stock in 2005. Debt and capital lease payments were $215 million higher in 2005 than in 2004 primarily as a result of the maturity of our 8% unsecured notes in December 2005.

At December 31, 2005, we had approximately $5.6 billion (including current maturities) of long-term debt and capital lease obligations. We currently do not have any undrawn lines of credit or revolving credit facilities, and substantially all of our otherwise readily financeable assets are encumbered. However, our remaining interests in Holdings and Copa are unencumbered. We were in compliance with all debt covenants at December 31, 2005.

In June 2005, we and our two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Air Micronesia, Inc. ("AMI") and Continental Micronesia, Inc. ("CMI"), closed on a $350 million secured loan facility. AMI and CMI have unconditionally guaranteed the loan made to us, and we and AMI have unconditionally guaranteed the loan made to CMI.

The facility consists of two loans, both of which have a term of six years and are non-amortizing, except for certain mandatory prepayments described below. The loans accrue interest at a floating rate determined by reference to the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate, known as LIBOR, plus 5.375% per annum. The loans and guarantees are secured by certain of our U.S.-Asia routes and related assets, all of the outstanding common stock of AMI and CMI and substantially all of the other assets of AMI and CMI, including route authorities and related assets.

The loan documents require us to maintain a minimum balance of unrestricted cash and short-term investments of $1.0 billion dollars at the end of each month. The loans may become due and payable immediately if we fail to maintain the monthly minimum cash balance and upon the occurrence of other customary events of default under the loan documents. If we fail to maintain a minimum balance of unrestricted cash and short-term investments of $1.125 billion, we and CMI will be required to make a mandatory aggregate $50 million prepayment of the loans. In addition, if the ratio of the outstanding loan balance to the value of the collateral securing the loans, as determined by periodic appraisals, is greater than 48%, we and CMI will be required to post additional collateral or prepay the loans to reestablish a loan-to-collateral value ratio of not greater than 48%. We are currently in compliance with these covenants.

In March 2005, we extended our current agreement with Chase to jointly market credit cards. In addition to reaching an agreement on advertising and other marketing commitments, Chase agreed to increase the rate it pays for mileage credits under our frequent flyer program. In April 2005, Chase purchased $75 million of mileage credits under the program, which will be redeemed for mileage purchases in 2007 and 2008 and recognized as other revenue consistent with other mileage sales in 2007 and 2008. In consideration for the advance purchase of mileage credits, we have provided a security interest to Chase in certain transatlantic routes. The $75 million purchase of mileage credits has been treated as a loan from Chase and will be reduced ratably in 2007 and 2008 as the mileage credits are redeemed. The new agreement expires at the end of 2009.

In October 2004, we issued two floating rate classes of Series 2004-1 Pass Through Trust Certificates in the aggregate amount of $77 million that amortize through November 2011. The certificates are secured by a lien on 21 spare engines.

During the first half of 2004, we incurred $86 million of floating rate indebtedness and $128 million of fixed rate indebtedness. These loans are secured by five 757-300 aircraft that were delivered in the first half of 2004.

At December 31, 2005, our senior unsecured debt was rated Caa2 by Moody's and CCC+ by Standard and Poor's. Reductions in our credit ratings have increased the interest we pay on new issuances of debt and may increase the cost and reduce the availability of financing to us in the future. We do not have any debt obligations that would be accelerated as a result of a credit rating downgrade. However, we would have to post additional collateral of approximately $45 million under our bank-issued credit card processing agreement if our debt rating falls below Caa3 as rated by Moody's or CCC- as rated by Standard and Poor's. We would also be required to post additional collateral of up to $27 million under our worker's compensation program if our debt rating falls below Caa2 as rated by Moody's or CCC+ as rated by Standard & Poor's.

Our bank-issued credit card processing agreement also contains financial covenants which require, among other things, that we maintain a minimum EBITDAR (generally, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, aircraft rentals and income from affiliates, adjusted for special items) to fixed charges (interest and aircraft rentals) ratio of 0.9 to 1.0 through June 30, 2006 and 1.1 to 1.0 thereafter. The liquidity covenant requires us to maintain a minimum level of $1.0 billion of unrestricted cash and short-term investments and a minimum ratio of unrestricted cash and short-term investments to current liabilities of .27 to 1.0 through June 30, 2006 and .29 to 1.0 thereafter. Although we are currently in compliance with all of the covenants, failure to maintain compliance would result in our being required to post up to an additional $330 million of cash collateral, which would adversely affect our liquidity. Depending on our unrestricted cash and short-term investments balance at the time, the posting of a significant amount of cash collateral could cause our unrestricted cash and short-term investments balance to fall below the $1.0 billion minimum balance requirement under our $350 million secured loan facility, resulting in a default under such facility.

On September 23, 2005, the SEC declared effective our universal shelf registration statement covering the sale from time to time of up to $1 billion of our securities in one or more public offerings. The securities offered might include debt securities, including pass-through certificates, shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, and securities exercisable for, or convertible into, shares of common stock, such as stock purchase contracts, warrants or subscription rights, among others. Proceeds from any sale of securities under this registration statement other than pass-through certificates would likely be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt, the funding of pension obligations and working capital requirements, whereas proceeds from the issuance of pass-through certificates would be used to finance or refinance aircraft and related equipment. On October 24, 2005, we completed a public offering of 18 million shares of common stock under this registration statement, raising $203 million in cash.

We have utilized proceeds from the issuance of pass-through certificates to finance the acquisition of 251 leased and owned mainline jet aircraft. Typically, these pass-through certificates, as well as separate financings secured by aircraft spare parts and spare engines, contain liquidity facilities whereby a third party agrees to make payments sufficient to pay at least 18 months of interest on the applicable certificates if a payment default occurs. The liquidity providers for these certificates include the following: CALYON New York Branch, Landesbank Hessen-Thuringen Girozentrale, Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale, AIG Matched Funding Corp., ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Credit Suisse First Boston, Caisse des Depots et Consignations, Bayerische Landesbank Girozentrale, ING Bank N.V. and De Nationale Investeringsbank N.V.

We are also the issuer of pass-through certificates secured by 127 leased regional jet aircraft currently operated by ExpressJet and three regional jet aircraft that are scheduled to be delivered through February 2006. The liquidity providers for these certificates include the following: ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Chicago Branch, Citibank N.A., Citicorp North America, Inc., Landesbank Baden-Wurttemberg, RZB Finance LLC and WestLB AG, New York Branch.

We currently utilize policy providers to provide credit support on three separate financings with an outstanding principal balance of $523 million at December 31, 2005. The policy providers have unconditionally guaranteed the payment of interest on the notes when due and the payment of principal on the notes no later than 24 months after the final scheduled payment date. Policy providers on these notes are MBIA Insurance Corporation (a subsidiary of MBIA, Inc.), Ambac Assurance Corporation (a subsidiary of Ambac Financial Group, Inc.) and Financial Guaranty Insurance Company (a subsidiary of FGIC). Financial information for FGIC is available over the internet at http://www.fgic.com and financial information for the parent companies of our other policy providers is available over the internet at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov or at the SEC's public reference room in Washington, D.C. A policy provider is also used as credit support for the financing of certain facilities at Bush Intercontinental, currently subject to a sublease by us to the City of Houston, with an outstanding balance of $57 million at December 31, 2005.

Contractual Obligations. The following table summarizes the effect that minimum debt, lease and other material noncancelable commitments listed below are expected to have on our cash flow in the future periods set forth below (in millions):


Contractual Obligations

Payments Due

Later  
 Years 

 Total 

 2006 

 2007 

 2008 

 2009 

 2010 

               

Debt and leases:

             
 

Long-term debt (1)

$  7,846

$  916

$1,240

$   866

$    698

$  802

$ 3,324

 

Capital lease obligations (1)

614

39

40

46

16

16

457

 

Aircraft operating leases (2)

11,068

1,003

966

955

910

924

6,310

 

Nonaircraft operating leases (3)

6,931

429

400

377

374

364

4,987

 

Future operating leases (4)

194

9

11

11

11

11

141

                 

Other:

             
 

Capacity Purchase Agreement (5)

2,368

1,339

922

107

-

-

-

 

Aircraft and other purchase
  commitments (6)


2,709


252


274


630


855


378


320

 

Projected pension contributions (7)

   1,554

    258

    318

     376

     262

      98

       242

                 
 

Total (8)

$33,284

$4,245

$4,171

$3,368

$3,126

$2,593

$15,781

  1. Amounts represent contractual amounts due, including interest. Interest on floating rate debt was estimated using rates in effect at December 31, 2005.
  2. Amounts represent contractual amounts due and exclude $3.0 billion of projected sublease income to be received from ExpressJet.
  3. Amounts represent minimum contractual amounts.
  4. Amounts represent payments for firm regional jets to be financed by third parties and leased by us. We will sublease the regional jets to ExpressJet. Neither we nor ExpressJet has an obligation to take any firm aircraft that are not financed by a third party. Amounts are net of previously paid purchase deposits and exclude sublease income we will receive from ExpressJet. See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of these purchase commitments.
  5. Amounts represent our estimates of future minimum noncancelable commitments under our agreement with ExpressJet and do not include the portion of the underlying obligations for aircraft and facility rent that are disclosed as part of aircraft and nonaircraft operating leases. See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for the assumptions used to estimate the payments.
  6. Amounts represent contractual commitments for firm-order aircraft only, net of previously paid purchase deposits, and noncancelable commitments to purchase goods and services, primarily information technology support. See Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of these purchase commitments.
  7. Amounts represent our estimate of the minimum funding requirements as determined by government regulations. Amounts are subject to change based on numerous assumptions, including the performance of the assets in the plan and bond rates. See "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" in this Item for a discussion of our assumptions regarding our pension plans.
  8. Total contractual obligations do not include long-term contracts where the commitment is variable in nature, such as credit card processing agreements, or where short-term cancellation provisions exist, such as power-by-the-hour engine maintenance agreements.

We expect to fund our future capital and purchase commitments through internally generated funds, general company financings and aircraft financing transactions. However, there can be no assurance that sufficient financing will be available for all aircraft and other capital expenditures or that, if necessary, we will be able to defer or otherwise renegotiate our capital commitments.

Operating Leases. At December 31, 2005, we had 482 aircraft under operating leases, including 227 in-service mainline aircraft, 248 in-service regional jets and seven aircraft that were not in service. These leases have remaining lease terms ranging up to 19 years. In addition, we have non-aircraft operating leases, principally related to airport and terminal facilities and related equipment. The obligations for these operating leases are not included in our consolidated balance sheets. Our total rental expense for aircraft and non-aircraft operating leases was $928 million and $466 million, respectively, in 2005.

Capacity Purchase Agreement. Our capacity purchase agreement with ExpressJet provides that we purchase, in advance, all of its available seat miles for a negotiated price, and we are at risk for reselling the available seat miles at market prices. Under the agreement, ExpressJet has the right through December 31, 2006 to be our sole provider of regional jet service from our hubs. In December 2005, we gave notice to ExpressJet that we would withdraw 69 of the 274 regional jet aircraft (including 2006 deliveries) from the capacity purchase agreement because we believe the rates charged by ExpressJet for regional capacity are above the current market. While our discussions with ExpressJet continue, we have requested proposals from numerous regional jet operators to provide regional jet service to replace the withdrawn capacity. Any transition of service of the withdrawn capacity from ExpressJet to a new operator would begin in January 2007 and be completed during the summer of 2007. See Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 16 for details of our capacity purchase agreement with ExpressJet.

Guarantees and Indemnifications. We are the guarantor of approximately $1.7 billion aggregate principal amount of tax-exempt special facilities revenue bonds and interest thereon, excluding the US Airways contingent liability discussed below. These bonds, issued by various municipalities and other governmental entities, are payable solely from our rentals paid under long-term agreements with the respective governing bodies. The leasing arrangements associated with approximately $1.5 billion of these obligations are accounted for as operating leases, and the leasing arrangements associated with approximately $200 million of these obligations are accounted for as capital leases in our financial statements.

We are contingently liable for US Airways' obligations under a lease agreement between US Airways and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey related to the East End Terminal at LaGuardia airport. These obligations include the payment of ground rentals to the Port Authority and the payment of other rentals in respect of the full amounts owed on special facilities revenue bonds issued by the Port Authority having an outstanding par amount of $156 million at December 31, 2005 and having a final scheduled maturity in 2015. If US Airways defaults on these obligations, we would be obligated to cure the default and we would have the right to occupy the terminal after US Airways' interest in the lease had been terminated.

We are the lessee under many real estate leases. It is common in such commercial lease transactions for us as the lessee to agree to indemnify the lessor and other related third parties for tort liabilities that arise out of or relate to our use or occupancy of the leased premises. In some cases, this indemnity extends to related liabilities arising from the negligence of the indemnified parties, but usually excludes any liabilities caused by their gross negligence or willful misconduct. Additionally, we typically indemnify such parties for any environmental liability that arises out of or relates to our use of the leased premises.

In our aircraft financing agreements, we typically indemnify the financing parties, trustees acting on their behalf and other related parties against liabilities that arise from the manufacture, design, ownership, financing, use, operation and maintenance of the aircraft and for tort liability, whether or not these liabilities arise out of or relate to the negligence of these indemnified parties, except for their gross negligence or willful misconduct.

We expect that we would be covered by insurance (subject to deductibles) for most tort liabilities and related indemnities described above with respect to real estate we lease and aircraft we operate.

In our financing transactions that include loans, we typically agree to reimburse lenders for any reduced returns with respect to loans due to any change in capital requirements and, in the case of loans in which the interest rate is based on LIBOR, for certain other increased costs that the lenders incur in carrying these loans as a result of any change in law, subject in most cases to certain mitigation obligations of the lenders. At December 31, 2005, we had $1.0 billion of floating rate debt and $0.3 billion of fixed rate debt, with remaining terms of up to 10 years, that is subject to these increased cost provisions. In several financing transactions involving loans or leases from non-U.S. entities, with remaining terms of up to 10 years and an aggregate carrying value of $1.1 billion, we bear the risk of any change in tax laws that would subject loan or lease payments thereunder to non-U.S. entities to withholding taxes, subject to customary exclusions. In addition, in cross-border aircraft lease agreements for two 757 aircraft, we bear the risk of any change in U.S. tax laws that would subject lease payments made by us to a resident of Japan to withholding taxes, subject to customary exclusions. These capital leases for two 757 aircraft expire in 2008 and have a carrying value of $49 million at December 31, 2005.

We cannot estimate the potential amount of future payments under the foregoing indemnities and agreements due to unknown variables related to potential government changes in capital adequacy requirements or tax laws.

Deferred Tax Assets. We have not paid federal income taxes in the last five years. As of December 31, 2005, we had gross deferred tax assets aggregating $2.3 billion, including $1.5 billion related to net operating losses ("NOLs"). We also had a valuation allowance of $495 million, which completely offset our net deferred tax assets.

Income tax benefits recorded on losses result in deferred tax assets for financial reporting purposes. We are required to provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets to the extent management determines that it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will ultimately not be realized. Due to our continued losses, we were required to provide a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets beginning in the first quarter of 2004. As a result, all of our 2005 losses and the majority of our 2004 losses were not reduced by any tax benefit. Furthermore, we expect to be required to provide additional valuation allowance in conjunction with deferred tax assets recorded on losses in the future.

Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code ("Section 382") imposes limitations on a corporation's ability to utilize NOLs if it experiences an "ownership change." In general terms, an ownership change may result from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders in the stock of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. In the event of an ownership change, utilization of our NOLs would be subject to an annual limitation under Section 382 determined by multiplying the value of our stock at the time of the ownership change by the applicable long-term tax exempt rate (which was 4.40% for December 2005). Any unused annual limitation may be carried over to later years. The amount of the limitation may, under certain circumstances, be increased by built-in gains held by us at the time of the change that are recognized in the five-year period after the change. Under current conditions, if an ownership change were to occur, our annual NOL utilization would be limited to approximately $81 million per year, before consideration of any built-in gains.

During 2005, we entered into a final settlement agreement with the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") resolving all matters raised by the IRS during its examination of our federal income tax returns through the year ended December 31, 1999. As a result of the settlement with the IRS and the associated deferred tax account reconciliation, deferred tax liabilities and long-term assets (primarily routes and airport operating rights, which values were established upon our emergence from bankruptcy in April 1993) were reduced by $215 million to reflect the ultimate resolution of tax uncertainties existing at the point we emerged from bankruptcy. The composition of the individual elements of deferred taxes recorded on the balance sheet was also adjusted; however, the net effect of these changes was entirely offset by an increase in the deferred tax valuation allowance due to our prior determination that it is more likely than not that our net deferred tax assets will ultimately not be realized. The settlement did not have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Environmental Matters. We could be responsible for environmental remediation costs primarily related to jet fuel and solvent contamination surrounding our aircraft maintenance hangar in Los Angeles. In 2001, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board ("CRWQCB") mandated a field study of the site and it was completed in September 2001. In April 2005, under the threat of a CRWQCB enforcement action, we began environment remediation of jet fuel contamination surrounding our aircraft maintenance hangar pursuant to a work plan submitted to (and approved by) the CRWQCB and our landlord, the Los Angeles World Airports.

We have established a reserve for estimated costs of environmental remediation at Los Angeles and elsewhere in our system, based primarily on third party environmental studies and estimates as to the extent of the contamination and nature of the required remedial actions. We expect our total losses from environmental matters to be approximately $45 million, for which we were fully accrued at December 31, 2005. We have evaluated and recorded this accrual for environmental remediation costs separately from any related insurance recovery. We have not recognized any material receivables related to insurance recoveries at December 31, 2005.

Based on currently available information, we believe that our reserves for potential environmental remediation costs are adequate, although reserves could be adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. However, we do not expect these items to materially impact our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

An off-balance sheet arrangement is any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company has (1) made guarantees, (2) a retained or a contingent interest in transferred assets, (3) an obligation under derivative instruments classified as equity or (4) any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the company, or that engages in leasing, hedging or research and development arrangements with the company.

We have no arrangements of the types described in the first three categories that we believe may have a material current or future effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. Certain guarantees that we do not expect to have a material current or future effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity are disclosed in Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.

We do have obligations arising out of variable interests in unconsolidated entities. See Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of our off-balance sheet aircraft leases, airport leases (which includes the US Airways contingent liability), subsidiary trust and our capacity purchase agreement with ExpressJet.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that our critical accounting policies are limited to those described below. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies, see Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report.

Pension Plans. We account for our defined benefit pension plans using Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87, "Employer's Accounting for Pensions" ("SFAS 87"). Under SFAS 87, pension expense is recognized on an accrual basis over employees' approximate service periods. Pension expense calculated under SFAS 87 is generally independent of funding decisions or requirements. We recognized expense for our defined benefit pension plans totaling $280 million, $293 million and $328 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. We currently expect our expense related to our defined benefit pension plans to be approximately $165 million in 2006, excluding any non-cash settlement charges.

Under the new collective bargaining agreement with our pilots ratified on March 30, 2005, which we refer to as the "pilot agreement," future defined benefit accruals for pilots ceased and retirement benefits accruing in the future are provided through two new pilot-only defined contribution plans. See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of these new defined contribution plans. As required by the pilot agreement, defined benefit pension assets and obligations related to pilots in our primary defined benefit pension plan (covering substantially all U.S. employees other than Chelsea Food Services ("Chelsea") and CMI employees) were spun out into a separate pilot-only defined benefit pension plan, which we refer to as the "pilot defined benefit pension plan." Subsequently, on May 31, 2005, future benefit accruals for pilots ceased and the pilot defined benefit pension plan was "frozen." As of that freeze date, all existing accrued benefits for pilots (including the right to receive a lump sum payment upon retirement) were preserved in the pilot defined benefit pension plan. Accruals for non-pilot employees under our primary defined benefit pension plan continue.

Our plans' under-funded status decreased from $1.6 billion at December 31, 2004 to $1.2 billion at December 31, 2005. The fair value of our plans' assets increased from $1.3 billion at December 31, 2004 to $1.4 billion at December 31, 2005. In 2005, we contributed $224 million in cash and 12.1 million shares of Holdings common stock valued at $130 million to our defined benefit pension plans. Due to high fuel prices, the weak revenue environment and our desire to maintain adequate liquidity, we elected in 2004 and 2005 to use deficit contribution relief under the Pension Funding Equity Act of 2004. As a result, we were not required to make any contributions to our primary defined benefit pension plan in 2004 and did not do so. The elections also allowed us to make smaller contributions to our defined benefit pension plans in 2005, and will allow smaller contributions in 2006, than would have been otherwise required. Funding requirements for defined benefit pension plans are determined by government regulations, not SFAS 87.

Based on current assumptions and applicable law, we will be required to contribute in excess of $1.5 billion to our defined benefit pension plans over the next ten years, including $258 million in 2006, to meet our minimum funding obligations. Our primary assumptions relate to the rate of return on plan assets, the discount rate and no legislative changes in pension funding requirements. If actual experience is different from our current assumptions, our estimates may change. The U.S. Senate approved a pension reform bill in November 2005 that would give airlines the option of amortizing pension liabilities over a twenty-year period. The pension reform bill passed by the U.S. House of Representatives in December 2005 does not include a similar provision. The bills are expected to go to conference committee in early 2006 and it is not possible to predict the outcome.

When calculating pension expense for 2005, we assumed that our plans' assets would generate a long-term rate of return of 9.0%. This rate is consistent with the rate used to calculate the 2004 and 2003 expense. We develop our expected long-term rate of return assumption based on historical experience and by evaluating input from the trustee managing the plans' assets. Our expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on a target allocation of assets, which is based on our goal of earning the highest rate of return while maintaining risk at acceptable levels. The plans strive to have assets sufficiently diversified so that adverse or unexpected results from one security class will not have an unduly detrimental impact on the entire portfolio. We regularly review our actual asset allocation and periodically rebalance the pension plans' investments to our targeted allocation when considered appropriate. Our allocation of assets was as follows at December 31, 2005:

 


Percent of Total

Expected Long-Term
      Rate of Return     

     

U.S. equities

49%

 

9.4%

 

International equities

21   

 

9.4   

 

Fixed income

22   

 

6.8   

 

Other

    8   

 

12.4   

 

Total

100%

     

Pension expense increases as the expected rate of return on plan assets decreases. When calculating pension expense for 2006, we will assume that our plans' assets will generate a long-term rate of return of 8.5%, a decrease of 50 basis points compared to the rate of return we assumed in calculating pension expense for 2005, 2004 and 2003. We have changed our assumed long-term rate of return to reflect the impact that lower returns in recent years has had on our long-term expectations. Lowering the expected long-term rate of return on our plan assets by an additional 50 basis points (from 8.5% to 8.0%) would increase our estimated 2006 pension expense by approximately $7 million.

We discounted our future pension obligations using a weighted average rate of 5.68% at December 31, 2005, compared to 5.75% at December 31, 2004 and 6.25% at December 31, 2003. We determine the appropriate discount rate for each of our plans based on current rates on high quality corporate bonds that would generate the cash flow necessary to pay plan benefits when due. This approach can result in different discount rates for different plans, depending on each plan's projected benefit payments. The discount rates for our plans ranged from 5.62% to 5.74% at December 31, 2005. The pension liability and future pension expense both increase as the discount rate is reduced. Lowering the discount rate by 50 basis points (from 5.68% to 5.18%) would increase our pension liability at December 31, 2005 by approximately $246 million and increase our estimated 2006 pension expense by approximately $29 million.

At December 31, 2005, we have unrecognized actuarial losses of $1.1 billion. These losses will be recognized as a component of pension expense in future years. Our estimated 2006 expense related to our defined benefit pension plans of $165 million includes the recognition of approximately $74 million of these losses.

Future changes in plan asset returns, plan provisions, assumed discount rates, pension funding law and various other factors related to the participants in our pension plans will impact our future pension expense and liabilities. We cannot predict with certainty what these factors will be in the future.

Revenue Recognition. We recognize passenger revenue when transportation is provided or when the ticket expires unused rather than when a ticket is sold. Nonrefundable tickets expire on the date of intended flight, unless the date is extended by notification from the customer in advance of the intended flight.

We are required to charge certain taxes and fees on our passenger tickets. These taxes and fees include U.S. federal transportation taxes, federal security charges, airport passenger facility charges and foreign arrival and departure taxes. These taxes and fees are legal assessments on the customer. We have a legal obligation to act as a collection agent. As we are not entitled to retain these taxes and fees, we do not include such amounts in passenger revenue. We record a liability when the amounts are collected and relieve the liability when payments are made to the applicable government agency or operating carrier.

The amount of passenger ticket sales and sales of frequent flyer mileage credits not yet recognized as revenue is included in our consolidated balance sheets as air traffic liability. We perform periodic evaluations of the estimated liability for passenger ticket sales and any adjustments, which can be significant, are included in results of operations for the periods in which the evaluations are completed. These adjustments relate primarily to differences between our statistical estimation of certain revenue transactions and the related sales price, as well as refunds, exchanges, interline transactions and other items for which final settlement occurs in periods subsequent to the sale of the related tickets at amounts other than the original sales price.

Impairments of Long-Lived Assets. We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations, primarily property and equipment and airport operating rights, when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those items. Our cash flow estimates are based on historical results adjusted to reflect our best estimate of future market and operating conditions. The net carrying value of assets not recoverable is reduced to fair value. Our estimates of fair value represent our best estimate based on industry trends and reference to market rates and transactions.

We recognized fleet impairment losses in 2003 which were partially the result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the related aftermath. These events resulted in a reevaluation of our operating and fleet plans, resulting in the grounding of certain older aircraft types or acceleration of the dates on which the related aircraft were to be removed from service. The grounding or acceleration of aircraft retirement dates resulted in reduced estimates of future cash flows. We recorded an impairment charge of $65 million to reflect decreases in the fair value of our owned MD-80s and spare parts inventory for permanently grounded fleets. We estimated the fair value of these aircraft and related inventory based on industry trends and, where available, reference to market rates and transactions. All other long-lived assets, principally our other fleet types and airport operating rights, were determined to be recoverable based on our estimates of future cash flows. There were no impairment losses recorded during 2004 or 2005.

We also perform annual impairment tests on our routes, which are indefinite life intangible assets. These tests are based on estimates of discounted future cash flows, using assumptions consistent with those used for aircraft and airport operating rights impairment tests. We determined that we did not have any impairment of our routes at December 31, 2005.

We provide an allowance for spare parts inventory obsolescence over the remaining useful life of the related aircraft, plus allowances for spare parts currently identified as excess. These allowances are based on our estimates and industry trends, which are subject to change and, where available, reference to market rates and transactions. The estimates are more sensitive when we near the end of a fleet life or when we remove entire fleets from service sooner than originally planned.

We regularly review the estimated useful lives and salvage values for our aircraft and spare parts.

Frequent Flyer Accounting. We utilize a number of estimates in accounting for our OnePass frequent flyer program which are consistent with industry practices.

For those OnePass accounts that have sufficient mileage credits to claim the lowest level of free travel, we record a liability for either the estimated incremental cost of providing travel awards that are expected to be redeemed or the contractual rate of expected redemption on alliance carriers. Incremental cost includes the cost of fuel, meals, insurance and miscellaneous supplies and does not include any costs for aircraft ownership, maintenance, labor or overhead allocation. A change to these cost estimates, the actual redemption activity, the amount of redemptions on alliance carriers or the minimum award level could have a significant impact on our liability in the period of change as well as future years. The liability is adjusted periodically based on awards earned, awards redeemed, changes in the incremental costs and changes in the OnePass program, and is included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as air traffic liability. In the fourth quarter of 2004, we recorded a change in expected future costs for frequent flyer reward redemptions on alliance carriers, resulting in a one-time increase in other operating expenses of $18 million.

We also sell mileage credits in our frequent flyer program to participating entities, such as credit/debit card companies, phone companies, alliance carriers, hotels, car rental agencies, utilities and various shopping and gift merchants. Revenue from the sale of mileage credits is deferred and recognized as passenger revenue over the period when transportation is expected to be provided, based on estimates of its fair value. Amounts received in excess of the expected transportation's fair value are recognized in income currently and classified as other revenue. A change to the time period over which the mileage credits are used (currently six to 32 months), the actual redemption activity or our estimate of the amount or fair value of expected transportation could have a significant impact on our revenue in the year of change as well as future years. In the fourth quarter of 2003, we adjusted our estimates of the mileage credits we expect to be redeemed for travel, resulting in a one-time increase in other revenue of $24 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2005, OnePass participants claimed approximately 1.4 million awards. Frequent flyer awards accounted for an estimated 7.0% of our total RPMs. We believe displacement of revenue passengers is minimal given our ability to manage frequent flyer inventory and the low ratio of OnePass award usage to revenue passenger miles.

At December 31, 2005, we estimated that approximately 2.5 million free travel awards outstanding were expected to be redeemed for free travel on Continental, ExpressJet, CMI or alliance airlines. Our total liability for future OnePass award redemptions for free travel and unrecognized revenue from sales of OnePass miles to other companies was approximately $236 million at December 31, 2005. This liability is recognized as a component of air traffic liability in our consolidated balance sheets.

Pending Accounting Pronouncement. In December 2004, the FASB issued a revision of SFAS 123, "Share Based Payment" ("SFAS 123R"), which requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments (typically stock options) based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The fair value is to be estimated using option-pricing models. The resulting cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Under the original SFAS 123, this accounting treatment was optional with pro forma disclosures required.

We will adopt SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006. It will be effective for all awards granted after that date. For those stock option awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 but for which the vesting period is not complete, we will use the modified prospective transition method permitted by SFAS 123R. Under this method, we will account for such awards on a prospective basis, with expense being recognized in our statement of operations beginning in the first quarter of 2006 using the grant-date fair values previously calculated for our SFAS 123 pro forma disclosures presented in Note 1(o). We will recognize the related compensation cost not previously recognized in the SFAS 123 pro forma disclosures over the remaining vesting period.

In addition to changing the accounting for our stock options and employee stock purchase plan, SFAS 123R will impact the accounting for our Long-Term Incentive and Restricted Stock Unit ("RSU") program. As discussed in Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report, awards made pursuant to this program can result in cash payments to our officers if there are specified increases in our stock price over multi-year performance periods. Under our current accounting, we have recognized no liability or expense as of December 31, 2005 because the targets set forth in the program had not been met as of that date. Under SFAS 123R, these awards will be measured at fair value at each reporting date and the related expense will be recognized over the remaining required service periods. The fair value will be determined using a pricing model.

We will recognize a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle related to the adoption of SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, reducing earnings approximately $26 million. On February 1, 2006, our officers surrendered their RSU awards with a performance period ending March 31, 2006. Approximately $15 million of the cumulative effect of change in accounting principle at January 1, 2006 relates to these surrendered awards. Accordingly, we will record this amount as a reduction of operating expense in the first quarter of 2006.

We anticipate that the impact on our statement of operations of adopting SFAS 123R for our stock options outstanding at December 31, 2005 will be similar to the pro forma impact of SFAS 123 presented in Note 1(o) to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report. The incremental expense related to future stock option and employee stock purchase plan grants is difficult to predict because the expense will depend on the number of awards granted, the grant date stock price, volatility of our stock price and other factors. Likewise, the incremental expense related to the existing RSU awards is difficult to predict because it will vary with changes in our stock price.

Related Party Transactions

See Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of related party transactions.


ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK

Market Risk Sensitive Instruments and Positions

We are subject to certain market risks, including commodity price risk (i.e., aircraft fuel prices), interest rate risk, foreign currency risk and price changes related to certain investments in debt and equity securities. The adverse effects of potential changes in these market risks are discussed below. The sensitivity analyses presented do not consider the effects that such adverse changes may have on overall economic activity nor do they consider additional actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ. See the notes to the consolidated financial statements for a description of our accounting policies and other information related to these financial instruments. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

Aircraft Fuel. Our results of operations are significantly impacted by changes in the price of aircraft fuel. During 2005 and 2004, mainline aircraft fuel and related taxes accounted for 26.7% and 19.0%, respectively, of our mainline operating expenses. Based on our expected fuel consumption in 2006, a hypothetical one dollar increase in the price of crude oil will increase our annual fuel expense by approximately $42 million. Periodically, we enter into petroleum swap contracts, petroleum call option contracts and/or jet fuel purchase commitments to provide us with short-term hedge protection (generally three to six months) against sudden and significant increases in jet fuel prices, while simultaneously ensuring that we are not competitively disadvantaged in the event of a substantial decrease in the price of jet fuel. We had no fuel hedges outstanding at December 31, 2005 or at any time during 2005, although we did have fuel hedges in place prior to December 31, 2004. In February 2006, we entered into petroleum swap contracts to hedge a minimal portion of our projected 2006 fuel usage.

Foreign Currency. We are exposed to the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the U.S. dollar value of foreign currency denominated operating revenue and expenses. We attempt to mitigate the effect of certain potential foreign currency losses by entering into forward and option contracts that effectively enable us to sell Japanese yen, British pounds, Canadian dollars and euros expected to be received from the respective denominated cash inflows over the next 12 months at specified exchange rates.

At December 31, 2005, we had forward contracts outstanding to hedge approximately 56% of our projected Canadian dollar-denominated cash inflows for 2006. We estimate that at December 31, 2005, a uniform 10% strengthening in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar would have increased the fair value of the existing forward contracts by $5 million offset by a corresponding loss on the underlying 2006 exposure of $8 million, resulting in a net loss of $3 million.

We had the following foreign currency hedges outstanding at December 31, 2004 (for 2005 projected cash flows):

    • Forward and option contracts to hedge approximately 61% of our projected Japanese yen-denominated cash flows for 2005.
    • Forward and option contracts to hedge approximately 45% of our British pound-denominated cash flows for 2005.
    • Forward contracts to hedge approximately 42% of our projected Canadian dollar-denominated cash flows for 2005.
    • Forward and option contracts to hedge approximately 39% of our projected euro-denominated cash flows for 2005.


At December 31, 2004, a uniform 10% strengthening in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Japanese yen, British pound, Canadian dollar, and euro would have increased the fair value of the existing option and/or forward contracts by $15 million, $9 million, $3 million and $4 million, respectively, offset by a corresponding loss on the underlying 2005 exposure of $28 million, $36 million, $7 million and $11 million, respectively, resulting in net losses of $13 million, $27 million, $4 million and $7 million, respectively.

Interest Rates. Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in interest rates (e.g., interest expense on variable-rate debt and interest income earned on short-term investments).

We had approximately $1.7 billion and $1.4 billion of variable-rate debt as of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. We had mitigated our exposure on certain variable-rate debt by entering into an interest rate swap agreement. This swap expired in November 2005. The notional amount of the outstanding interest rate swap at December 31, 2004 was $143 million. The interest rate swap effectively locked us into paying a fixed rate of interest on a portion of our floating rate debt securities through the expiration of the swap in November 2005. If average interest rates increased by 100 basis points during 2006 as compared to 2005, our projected 2006 interest expense would increase by approximately $16 million. At December 31, 2004, an interest rate increase by 100 basis points during 2005 as compared to 2004 was projected to increase interest expense by approximately $12 million, net of the interest rate swap.

As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, we estimated the fair value of $3.0 billion and $3.4 billion (carrying value) of our fixed-rate debt to be $2.8 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively, based upon discounted future cash flows using our current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of instruments or market prices. Market risk, estimated as the potential increase in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 100 basis points decrease in interest rates, was approximately $66 million and $83 million as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The fair value of the remaining fixed-rate debt at December 31, 2005 and 2004, with a carrying value of $655 million and $745 million, respectively, was not practicable to estimate due to the large number of remaining debt instruments with relatively small carrying amounts.

If 2006 average short-term interest rates decreased by 100 basis points over 2005 average rates, our projected interest income from cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments would decrease by approximately $19 million during 2006, compared to an estimated $15 million decrease during 2005 measured at December 31, 2004.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

PAGE

   

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

61 

   

Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the Three Years in the
Period Ended December 31, 2005


62 

   

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and 2004

63 

   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the Three Years in the
Period Ended December 31, 2005


65 

   

Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity for each of the
Three Years in the Period Ended December 31, 2005


66 

   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67 


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Continental Airlines, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Continental Airlines, Inc. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, common stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 24, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

ERNST & YOUNG LLP       

Houston, Texas
February 24, 2006

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except per share data)

 

Year Ended December 31,    

 

2005  

2004  

  2003  

Operating Revenue:

     

Passenger (excluding fees and taxes of $1,176, $1,046 and $904)

$10,235 

$ 9,042 

$8,179 

Cargo, mail and other

     973 

    857 

   822 

 

11,208 

 9,899 

9,001 

Operating Expenses:

     

Wages, salaries and related costs

2,649 

2,819 

3,056 

Aircraft fuel and related taxes

2,443 

1,587 

1,319 

ExpressJet capacity purchase, net

1,572 

1,351 

153 

Aircraft rentals

928 

891 

896 

Landing fees and other rentals

708 

654 

632 

Distribution costs

588 

552 

525 

Maintenance, materials and repairs

455 

414 

509 

Depreciation and amortization

389 

415 

447 

Passenger servicing

332 

306 

297 

Security fee reimbursement

(176)

Special charges

67 

121 

    100 

Other

  1,116 

  1,027 

  1,055 

 

11,247 

10,137 

8,813 

       

Operating Income (Loss)

    (39)

 (238)

   188 

       

Nonoperating Income (Expense):

     

Interest expense

(410)

(389)

(393)

Interest capitalized

12 

14 

24 

Interest income

72 

29 

19 

Income from affiliates

90 

118 

40 

Gain on sale of Copa Holdings, S.A. shares

106 

Gain on dispositions of ExpressJet Holdings shares

98 

173 

Other, net

       3 

     17 

    135 

 

   (29)

 (211)

      (2)

       

Income (Loss) before Income Taxes and Minority Interest

(68)

(449)

186 

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

40 

(109)

Minority Interest

       - 

       - 

    (49)

       

Net Income (Loss)

$   (68)

$(409)

$      28 

       

Earnings (Loss) per Share:

     

Basic

$(0.96)

$(6.19)

$   0.43

Diluted

$(0.97)

$(6.25)

$   0.41

       

Shares Used for Computation:

     

Basic

 70.3 

  66.1 

  65.4 

Diluted

 70.3 

  66.1 

  65.6 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except for share data)

 

December 31,             

ASSETS

   2005      

   2004       

     

Current Assets:

   

Cash and cash equivalents

$ 1,723 

 

$ 1,178 

 

Restricted cash

241 

 

211 

 

Short-term investments

   234 

 

    280 

 

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

2,198 

 

1,669 

 
         

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful receivables of $15 and $22

515 

 

472 

 

Spare parts and supplies, net of allowance for obsolescence of $95 and $93

201 

 

 214 

 

Deferred income taxes

154 

 

166 

 

Note receivable from ExpressJet Holdings, Inc.

18 

 

81 

 

Prepayments and other

    341 

 

    222 

 

Total current assets

 3,427 

 

 2,824 

 
         

Property and Equipment:

       

Owned property and equipment:

       

Flight equipment

6,706 

 

6,744 

 

Other

 1,372 

 

 1,262 

 
 

8,078 

 

8,006 

 

Less: Accumulated depreciation

 2,328 

 

 2,053 

 
 

 5,750 

 

 5,953 

 
         

Purchase deposits for flight equipment

    101 

 

    105 

 
         

Capital leases

344 

 

396 

 

Less: Accumulated amortization

   109 

 

    140 

 
 

   235 

 

    256 

 

Total property and equipment

6,086 

 

 6,314 

 
         

Routes

484 

 

615 

 

Airport operating rights, net of accumulated amortization of $335 and $316

133 

 

236 

 

Intangible pension asset

60 

 

108 

 

Investment in affiliates

112 

 

156 

 

Note receivable from ExpressJet Holdings, Inc.

 

18 

 

Other assets, net

     227 

 

      240 

 
         

Total Assets

$10,529 

 

$10,511 

 



(continued on next page)

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except for share data)

 

December 31,               

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

     2005    

    2004      

     

Current Liabilities:

   

Current maturities of long-term debt and capital leases

$   546 

 

$    670 

 

Accounts payable

846 

 

766 

 

Air traffic and frequent flyer liability

1,475 

 

1,157 

 

Accrued payroll

234 

 

281 

 

Accrued other liabilities

    298 

 

    251 

 

Total current liabilities

 3,399 

 

3,125 

 
         

Long-Term Debt and Capital Leases

   5,057 

 

5,167 

 
         

Deferred Income Taxes

    154 

 

   378 

 
         

Accrued Pension Liability

 1,078 

 

1,132 

 
         

Other

    615 

 

   554 

 
         

Commitments and Contingencies

       
         

Stockholders' Equity:

       

Preferred stock - $.01 par, 10,000,000 shares authorized; one share of
Series B issued and outstanding, stated at par value


 


 

Class B common stock - $.01 par, 200,000,000 shares
authorized; 111,690,943 and 91,938,816 shares issued


 


 

Additional paid-in capital

1,635 

 

1,408 

 

Retained earnings

406 

 

474 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

(675)

 

(587)

 

Treasury stock - 25,489,291 and 25,476,881 shares, at cost

(1,141)

 

(1,141)

 

Total stockholders' equity

     226 

 

     155 

 

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

$10,529 

 

$10,511 

 

 

 





The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

 

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

2005  

2004  

 2003 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

     

Net income (loss)

$  (68)

$  (409)

$   28 

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
  operating activities:

     

Deferred income taxes

(40)

96 

Depreciation and amortization

389 

415 

447 

Special charges

67 

121 

100 

Gains on dispositions of investments

(204)

(305)

Undistributed equity in the income of affiliates

(62)

(66)

(23)

Other, net

(18)

(73)

(36)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

     

Increase in accounts receivable

(56)

(76)

(25)

(Increase) decrease in spare parts and supplies

(7)

(37)

(Increase) decrease in prepayments and other assets

(59)

(135)

(27)

Increase (decrease) in accounts payable

80 

(74)

(19)

Increase in air traffic and frequent flyer liability

318 

200 

75 

Increase in accrued pension liability and other

      77 

    547 

      27 

Net cash provided by operating activities

    457 

    373 

    342 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

     

Capital expenditures

(185)

(162)

(205)

Purchase deposits (paid) refunded in connection with aircraft deliveries, net

(3)

111 

52

Sale of short-term investments, net

46 

34 

35 

Proceeds from sale of Copa Holdings, S.A, net.

172 

Proceeds from sales of ExpressJet Holdings, net

134 

Proceeds from sales of Internet-related investments

98 

76 

Proceeds from sales of property and equipment

53 

16 

16 

Increase in restricted cash, net

(30)

(41)

(108)

Other

      (2)

      (3)

       53 

Net cash provided by investing activities

      51 

      53 

       53 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

     

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net

436 

67 

559 

Payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations

(662)

(447)

(549)

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net

227 

Other

      36 

      11 

        - 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

      37 

  (364)

      15 

Impact on cash of ExpressJet deconsolidation

        - 

        - 

  (225)

Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents

545 

62 

185 

Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning of Period

 1,178 

 1,116 

   931 

Cash and Cash Equivalents - End of Period

$1,723 

$1,178 

$1,116 

       

Supplemental Cash Flows Information:

     

Interest paid

$  385 

$  372 

$  374 

Income taxes paid (refunded)

$      2 

$    (4)

$    13 

Investing and Financing Activities Not Affecting Cash:

     

Property and equipment acquired through the issuance of debt

$       - 

$  226 

$  120 

Capital lease obligations incurred

$      1 

$      1 

$    22 

Contribution of ExpressJet Holdings stock to pension plan

$  130 

$       - 

$  100 

 



The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMMON STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In millions)

         

Accumulated  

   
 

Class B        

Additional

 

Other         

Treasury

 
 

Common Stock   

Paid-In  

Retained

Comprehensive

Stock,

 
 

Shares

Amount

Capital   

Earnings

 Income (Loss) 

 At Cost 

Total  

               

December 31, 2002

65.8

$ 1

 

$1,391

$   855 

$(395)

 

$(1,140)

$   712 

                   

Net Income

-

-

 

28 

 

28 

Other Comprehensive Income:

                 

  Increase in additional minimum pension
    liability, net of income taxes of $11


-


-

 




(20)

 



(20)

  Other

-

-

 

(2)

 

    (2)

    Total Comprehensive Income

               

                   

Issuance of common stock pursuant to
  stock plans


0.3


 




 



Other

     -

  - 

 

      5 

       - 

     - 

 

      (1)

     4 

December 31, 2003

66.1

 1 

 

1,401 

  883 

(417)

 

(1,141)

  727 

                   

Net Loss

-

-

 

(409)

 

(409)

Other Comprehensive Income:

                 

  Increase in additional minimum pension
    liability


-


-

 




(176)

 



(176)

  Other

-

-

 

 

     6 

    Total Comprehensive Loss

               

(579)

                   

Issuance of common stock pursuant to
  stock plans


0.4


 




 



Other

     -

  - 

 

      2 

       - 

     - 

 

        - 

     2 

December 31, 2004

66.5

  1 

 

1,408 

  474 

(587)

 

(1,141)

 155 

                   

Net Loss

-

-

 

(68)

 

(68)

Other Comprehensive Income:

                 

  Increase in additional minimum pension
   liability


-


-

 




(96)

 



(96)

  Other

-

-

 

 

     8 

    Total Comprehensive Loss

               

(156)

                   

Issuance of common stock pursuant to
  stock offering


18.0


-

 


 203 



 



203 

Issuance of common stock pursuant to
  stock plans


  1.7


  - 

 


     24 


       - 


     - 

 


        - 


  24 

December 31, 2005

86.2

$ 1 

 

$1,635 

$  406 

$(675)

 

$(1,141)

$ 226 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Continental Airlines, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a major United States air carrier engaged in the business of transporting passengers, cargo and mail. Together with ExpressJet Airlines, Inc. ("ExpressJet"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ExpressJet Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings") from which we purchase seat capacity, and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Continental Micronesia, Inc. ("CMI"), each a Delaware corporation, we are the world's sixth largest airline (as measured by the number of scheduled miles flown by revenue passengers, known as revenue passenger miles, in 2005) and operate more than 2,500 daily departures. As of December 31, 2005, we flew to 132 domestic and 126 international destinations and offered additional connecting service through alliances with domestic and foreign carriers. We directly served 23 European cities, nine South American cities, Tel Aviv, Delhi, Hong Kong, Beijing and Tokyo. In addition, we provide service to more destinations in Mexico and Central America than any other U.S. airline, serving 41 cities. Through our Guam hub, CMI provides extensive service in the western Pacific, including service to more Japanese cities than any other United States carrier.

As used in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the terms "Continental," "we," "us," "our" and similar terms refer to Continental Airlines, Inc. and, unless the context indicates otherwise, its consolidated subsidiaries.

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

  1. Principles of Consolidation. Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Continental and all wholly-owned domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Through November 12, 2003, we also consolidated Holdings. See Note 16 for a discussion of the changes in our ownership of Holdings and the resulting impact on our consolidated financial statements. All intercompany accounts, transactions and profits arising from consolidated entities have been eliminated in consolidation.
  2. Investments in Affiliates. Investments in unconsolidated affiliates that are not variable interest entities (see Note 14) are accounted for by the equity method when we have significant influence over the operations of the companies.
  3. Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
  4. Cash and Cash Equivalents. We classify short-term, highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into cash and have a maturity of three months or less when purchased as cash and cash equivalents. Restricted cash is primarily collateral for estimated future workers' compensation claims, credit card processing contracts, letters of credit and performance bonds.
  5. Short-Term Investments. We invest in commercial paper, asset-backed securities and U.S. government agency securities with original maturities in excess of three months but less than one year. These investments are classified as short-term investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Short-term investments are stated at cost, which approximates market value.
  6. Spare Parts and Supplies. Inventories, expendable parts and supplies related to flight equipment are carried at average acquisition cost and are expensed when consumed in operations. An allowance for obsolescence is provided over the remaining estimated useful life of the related aircraft, plus allowances for spare parts currently identified as excess to