10-K 1 c02667e10vk.htm FORM 10-K e10vk
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United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
     
[X]
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005
 
OR
 
[ ]
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM          TO
 
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-11846
AptarGroup, Inc.
     
DELAWARE
  36-3853103
475 WEST TERRA COTTA AVENUE, SUITE E, CRYSTAL LAKE, ILLINOIS 60014
815-477-0424
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
     
Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered
     
Common Stock $.01 par value
  New York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
  New York Stock Exchange
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act:
NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes  x No  o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes  o No  x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes  x No  o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  x Accelerated filer  o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes  o No  x
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2005 was $1,728,346,353.
The number of shares outstanding of common stock, as of February 22, 2006, was 35,182,471 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 3, 2006 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.


 

 
AptarGroup, Inc.
FORM 10-K
For the Year Ended December 31, 2005
INDEX
 
             
        Page
         
 Part I
   Business     1  
   Risk Factors     7  
   Unresolved Staff Comments     8  
   Properties     8  
   Legal Proceedings     8  
   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     9  
 Part II
   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities     9  
   Selected Consolidated Financial Data     10  
   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Results of Operations and Financial Condition     11  
   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk     23  
   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     24  
   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     50  
   Controls and Procedures     50  
   Other Information     50  
 Part III
   Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant     50  
   Executive Compensation     51  
   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters     51  
   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions     51  
   Principal Accounting Fees and Services     51  
 Part IV
   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     51  
     Signatures     52  
 
 Subsidiaries
 Consent of Independent Accountants
 Certification Pursuant to Section 302
 Certification Pursuant to Section 302
 Certification Pursuant to Section 906
 Certification Pursuant to Section 906
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PART I
ITEM 1.     BUSINESS
GENERAL
In this report, we may refer to AptarGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries as “AptarGroup” or the “Company”.
     We are a leading global supplier of a broad range of innovative dispensing systems for the personal care, fragrance/ cosmetic, pharmaceutical, household and food/ beverage markets. We focus on providing value-added dispensing systems (pumps, closures and aerosol valves) to global consumer product marketers to allow them to differentiate their products and meet consumers’ need for convenience. We have manufacturing facilities located throughout the world including North America, Europe, Asia and South America. We have over 5,000 customers with no single customer accounting for greater than 7% of our 2005 net sales.
     Sales of our dispensing systems have traditionally grown at a faster rate than the overall packaging industry as consumers’ preference for convenience has increased and product differentiation through packaging design has become more important to our customers. Consumer product marketers have converted many of their products to packages with dispensers that offer the benefit of enhanced shelf appeal, convenience, cleanliness or accuracy of dosage. We expect this trend to continue.
     For 2005, the percentages of net sales to the personal care, fragrance/ cosmetic, pharmaceutical, household and food/ beverage/ other markets were 34%, 28%, 22%, 7% and 9%, respectively. Looking at our net sales by product line, pumps, closures and aerosol valves represented approximately 55%, 25% and 15%, respectively, of our 2005 net sales. We expect the mix of sales by market and by product to remain approximately the same in 2006.
     Our business began as a one-product, one-country operation that has become a multinational supplier of a broad line of dispensing packaging systems. Our business was started in the late 1940’s, manufacturing and selling aerosol valves in the United States, and has grown primarily through the acquisition of relatively small companies and internal expansion. We were incorporated in Delaware in 1992.
     Our periodic and current reports are available, free of charge, through a link on the Investor Relations page of our website (www.aptargroup.com), as soon as reasonably practicable after the material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The Company has filed the required certificate with the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) confirming the Company’s compliance with the corporate governance listing standards set out in Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT SEGMENTS
We operate in the packaging components industry, which includes the development, manufacture and sale of consumer product dispensing systems. We are organized into five business units. The five business units sell value-added dispensing systems to global consumer product marketers. These business units utilize similar production processes, sell to similar classes of customers and markets, use the same methods to distribute products, operate in similar regulatory environments and are similar in all aspects of business except historical economic performance. One of the business units (which we refer to as “SeaquistPerfect”) has had historical economic performance lower than the other four business units and as a result is shown as a separate reportable segment for financial reporting purposes. The other four business units have similar historical economic performance and as a result have been aggregated into one reportable segment entitled “Dispensing Systems” for financial reporting purposes. A summary of revenue from external customers, profitability and total assets for each of the last three years is shown in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 (which is incorporated by reference herein).
DISPENSING SYSTEMS
The Dispensing Systems segment sells all three of our principal product lines (pumps, closures and aerosol valves). Within the aerosol valve product line, the Dispensing Systems segment only sells pharmaceutical metered dose aerosol valves. The table below details the five principal markets we serve and which products are primarily sold by the Dispensing Systems segment.
                 
Fragrance/Cosmetic   Personal Care   Pharmaceutical   Household   Food/Beverage
                 
Pumps
  Pumps   Pumps   Pumps   Pumps
    Closures   Aerosol Valves   Closures   Closures
SEAQUISTPERFECT
The SeaquistPerfect segment sells primarily aerosol valves and certain pumps to the personal care, household and, to a lesser degree, the food/ beverage markets. The SeaquistPerfect segment does not sell closures, nor does it typically sell its products to the fragrance/ cosmetic or pharmaceutical markets. The lower historical economic performance compared to the Dispensing Systems segment has been primarily due to the non-pharmaceutical standard aerosol valve business. Competition for this product line of the business is especially strong and comes from privately held companies. In recent years, we have taken various steps to improve profitability of the SeaquistPerfect segment. We have continued to try to contain and reduce
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costs where possible and have implemented selected price increases in recent years. SeaquistPerfect has also devoted more of its research and development to expand its product offerings of dispensing systems and accessories. In addition, SeaquistPerfect has selectively exited some of the standard aerosol valve business that was not strategically important and that did not offer adequate returns. These factors have led to an increase in profitability that is expected to continue.
NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
GROWTH STRATEGY
We seek to enhance our position as a leading global supplier of innovative dispensing systems by (i) expanding geographically, (ii) converting non-dispensing applications to dispensing systems, (iii) replacing current dispensing applications with our dispensing products and (iv) developing or acquiring new dispensing technologies.
     We are committed to expanding geographically to serve multinational customers in existing and emerging areas. Targeted areas include Eastern Europe including Russia, Asia and South America. In late 2005, we opened a new manufacturing facility in India to produce spray pumps for this market. In 2004, we began operating a new dispensing closure manufacturing facility in Russia.
     We believe significant opportunities exist to introduce our dispensing products to replace non-dispensing applications. Examples of these opportunities include potential conversion in the food/ beverage market for single serve non-carbonated beverages, condiments, cooking oils and salad dressing. In the fragrance/ cosmetic market, potential conversion includes creams and lotions currently packaged in jars or tubes using removable non-dispensing closures, converting to lotion pumps or dispensing closures. We have developed and patented a thin dispensing system that can be inserted into magazines to replace the traditional scent strips. We believe this new innovative system will offer growth opportunities, particularly for fragrance samples.
     In addition to introducing new dispensing applications, we believe there are significant growth opportunities in converting existing pharmaceutical delivery systems (syringes or pills) to our more convenient dispensing pump or metered dose aerosol valve systems. An example of a product for which we continue to find new applications is the metered dose aerosol valve. Metered dose aerosol valves are used to dispense precise amounts of product in very fine particles from pressurized containers. Traditionally, metered dose valves were used to deliver medication via the pulmonary route. We continue to work with a bio-technology company that is developing proprietary technology to orally administer large molecule drugs to be absorbed through the inner linings of the mouth. Additional examples of opportunities in the pharmaceutical market include nasal pumps to dispense vaccines, cold and flu treatments, and hormone replacement therapies.
     We are committed to developing or acquiring new dispensing technologies. In 2003, we acquired intellectual property (patents, licenses and know how) and equipment relating to certain dry powder dispensing systems. Dry powder dispensing technology is an important part of our long-term growth strategy for the pharmaceutical market. In 2005, we acquired EP Spray System S.A., a Swiss company that manufactures aerosol valves with bag-on-valve technology. This technology physically separates the propellant from the product to be dispensed. It offers improved integrity of the product content, prevents expulsion of the propellant into the atmosphere and allows spraying of the product in any position. We also acquired MBF Développement SAS and related companies (“MBF”), a French manufacturer of decorative packaging components primarily for the high end of the fragrance/ cosmetic market. MBF’s technology includes advanced molding capabilities as well as decoration (vacuum metallization and varnishing) of plastic components.
PUMPS (55% OF 2005 NET SALES)
We believe we are the leading supplier of pharmaceutical, fragrance/ cosmetic and personal care fine mist pumps worldwide and the second largest supplier of personal care lotion pumps worldwide. Pumps are finger-actuated dispensing systems that dispense a spray or lotion from non-pressurized containers. Pumps are sold to all five of our markets. Traditional applications for pumps include perfumes, lotions, oral and nasal sprays and hair sprays. Applications for pumps have recently expanded to include more viscous products such as spray gels and specialized skin treatments, as well as a number of food products such as butter substitutes. The style of pump used depends largely on the nature of the product being dispensed, from small, fine mist pumps used with perfume and pharmaceutical products to lotion pumps for more viscous formulas. In 2005, 2004 and 2003, pump sales accounted for approximately 55%, 56% and 58%, respectively, of our net sales.
Fragrance/ Cosmetic. The fragrance/ cosmetic market requires a broad range of pump dispensing systems to meet functional as well as aesthetic requirements. A considerable amount of research, time and coordination with the customers’ development staff is required to qualify a pump for use with their products. Within the market, we expect the use of pumps to continue to increase, particularly in the cosmetic sector. For example, packaging for certain products such as skin moisturizers and anti-aging lotions is undergoing a conversion to pump systems, which continue to provide us with growth opportunities. We also continue to experience growth in this market from our emerging markets. We expect demand for our patented fragrance sample systems to increase in the near future.
Pharmaceutical. Pumps sold to the pharmaceutical market deliver medications orally, nasally or topically. Characteristics of this market include (i) governmental regulation of our pharmaceutical customers, (ii) contaminant-controlled manufacturing environments, and (iii) a significant amount of time and research from initially working with pharmaceutical companies at the
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molecular development stage of a medication through the eventual distribution to the market. We have clean-room manufacturing facilities in France, Germany, Switzerland, China and the United States. We believe that the conversion from traditional medication forms such as pills and syringes to the use of pumps for the dispensing of medication will continue to increase. Potential opportunities for conversion from pills and syringes to pump dispensing systems include vaccines, cold and flu treatments and hormone replacement therapies.
Personal Care. Personal care pumps include both fine mist spray as well as lotion pumps. Applications using fine mist pumps include use in hair care, sun care and deodorant products. We also supply lotion pumps to the personal care market for products such as skin moisturizers and soap.
CLOSURES (25% OF 2005 NET SALES)
We believe that we are the largest supplier of dispensing closures in the United States, and the second largest supplier in Europe. We primarily manufacture dispensing closures and, to a lesser degree, non-dispensing closures. Dispensing closures are plastic caps, primarily for plastic containers, which allow a product to be dispensed without removing the cap. In 2005, 2004 and 2003, closure sales accounted for approximately 25%, 22% and 23%, respectively, of our net sales.
     Sales of dispensing closures have grown as consumers worldwide have demonstrated a preference for a package utilizing the convenience of a dispensing closure. At the same time, consumer marketers are trying to differentiate their products by incorporating performance enhancing features such as no-drip dispensing, inverted packaging and directional flow to make packages simpler to use, cleaner and more appealing to consumers.
Personal Care. Historically, the majority of our dispensing closure sales have been to the personal care market. Products with dispensing closures include shampoos, shower gels, sun care lotions and toothpaste. While many personal care products in the U.S. and Europe have already converted from non-dispensing to dispensing closures, we expect to benefit from similar conversions in other geographic areas.
Household. While we have had success worldwide in selling dispensing closures to this market, it has not represented a significant amount of total dispensing closure sales. Products utilizing dispensing closures include dishwashing detergents, laundry care products and household cleaners. We believe this market offers an opportunity for expansion and as a result are focusing on new product developments for this market to accelerate the conversion from non-dispensing to dispensing closures.
Food/ Beverage. Sales of dispensing closures to the food/beverage market increased approximately 27% over the prior year and double-digit growth is expected for 2006, excluding changes in exchange rates. We continue to see an increase in the amount of interest from food marketers to utilize dispensing closures for their products. Examples of food/ beverage products currently utilizing dispensing closures include condiments, salad dressings, syrups, honey, water and dairy creamers. We believe there are tremendous growth opportunities in the food/beverage market reflecting the continued and growing acceptance in this market of our silicone valve dispensing technology, and additional conversion from traditional packages to packages using dispensing closure systems.
AEROSOL VALVES (15% OF 2005 NET SALES)
We believe we are one of the largest aerosol valve suppliers worldwide. Aerosol valves dispense product from pressurized containers. The majority of the aerosol valves that we sell are continuous spray valves, with the balance being metered dose valves. Demand for aerosol valves is dependent upon the consumers’ preference for application, consumer perception of environmental impact and changes in demand for the products in this market. In 2005, 2004 and 2003, aerosol valve sales accounted for approximately 15%, 14% and 14%, respectively, of our net sales.
     We have invested in manufacturing capabilities to produce accessories that are complementary to the valve, such as customized spray-through overcaps and locking actuators. These accessories provide a higher degree of differentiation and convenience
Personal Care. The primary applications in the personal care market are continuous spray valves for hair care products, deodorants, shaving creams and sun tan lotions. In addition, metered dose valves are used in this market for breath sprays.
Household. The primary applications for continuous spray valves in the household market include disinfectants, spray paints, insecticides and automotive products. Metered dose aerosol valves are used for air fresheners.
Pharmaceutical. Metered dose aerosol valves are used for dispensing precise amounts of medication. Aerosol technology allows medication to be broken up into very fine particles, which enables the drug to be delivered typically via the pulmonary system. We work with pharmaceutical companies as they work to phase out the use of chlorofluorocarbon (“CFC”) propellants. We continue to increase our market share of metered dose valves to this market as pharmaceutical companies replace CFC’s with alternative propellants and we expect our market share to continue to grow.
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
One of our competitive strengths is our commitment to innovation and providing innovative dispensing solutions for our customers. This commitment to innovation is the result of our emphasis on research and development. Our research and development activities are directed toward developing innovative products, adapting existing products for new markets or customer requirements, and reducing costs. We have research and development departments located in each of our five business units, which are located in the United States, France, Germany and Italy. In certain cases, our customers share in the research and development expenses of customer initiated projects. Occasionally we acquire from third parties research projects that are in various stages of development. In 2003, we acquired approximately $1.3 million of intellectual property (patents, licenses and know how) related to dry powder application technologies. We expensed this cost in the 2003 results. As mentioned above, we announced the acquisition in 2005 of a company that produces aerosol valves using bag-on-valve technology and a company that decorates plastic components using vacuum metallization and varnishing. We did not previously own these technologies. Expenditures for research and development activities were $45.7 million, $41.9 million and $34.7 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
We sell our products under the names used by our business units and are not currently offering any products under the AptarGroup name. The names used by our business units have been trademarked. We customarily seek patent and trademark protection for our products and currently own and have numerous applications pending for United States and foreign patents and trademarks. In addition, certain of our products are produced under patent licenses granted by third parties. We believe that we possess certain technical capabilities in making our products that would also make it difficult for a competitor to duplicate them.
TECHNOLOGY
Pumps and aerosol valves require the assembly of up to 15 different plastic, metal and rubber components using high-speed equipment. When molding dispensing closures, or plastic components to be used in pump or aerosol valve products, we use advanced plastic injection molding technology, including large cavitation plastic injection molds. We are able to mold within tolerances as small as one one-thousandth of an inch and we manufacture products in a high-speed, cost-effective manner. We have experience in liquid silicone rubber molding that we utilize in our dispensing closure operations and certain of our pump products. We also use bi-injection molding technology in our various product lines to develop new innovative products.
MANUFACTURING AND SOURCING
More than half of our worldwide production is located outside of the United States. In order to augment capacity and to increase internal capacity utilization (particularly for plastic injection molding), we use subcontractors to supply certain plastic, metal and rubber components. Certain suppliers of these components have unique technical abilities that make us dependent on them, particularly for aerosol valve and pump production. The principal raw materials used in our production are plastic resins and certain metal products. We believe an adequate supply of such raw materials is available from existing and alternative sources. We attempt to offset cost increases through improving productivity and increasing selling prices over time, as allowed by market conditions. Our pharmaceutical products often use specifically approved plastic resin for our customers. Significant delays in receiving components from these suppliers or discontinuance of an approved plastic resin would require us to seek alternative sources, which could result in higher costs as well as impact our ability to supply products in the short term.
SALES AND DISTRIBUTION
Sales of products are primarily through our own sales force. To a limited extent, we also use the services of independent representatives and distributors who sell our products as independent contractors to certain smaller customers and export markets.
BACKLOG
Our sales are primarily made pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products. While most orders placed with us are ready for delivery within 120 days, we continue to experience a trend towards shorter lead times requested by our customers. Some customers place blanket orders, which extend beyond this delivery period. However, deliveries against purchase orders are subject to change, and only a small portion of the order backlog is noncancelable. The dollar amount associated with the noncancelable portion is not material. Therefore, we do not believe that backlog as of any particular date is an accurate indicator of future results.
CUSTOMERS
The demand for our products is influenced by the demand for our customers’ products. Demand for our customers’ products may be affected by general economic conditions, government regulations, tariffs and other trade barriers. Our customers include many of the largest personal care, fragrance/ cosmetic, pharmaceutical, household products and food/ beverage marketers in the world. We have over 5,000 customers with no single customer accounting for greater than 7% of 2005 net sales. Over the past few years, a consolidation of our customer base has occurred. This trend is expected to continue. A concentration of customers may result in pricing pressures or a loss of volume. However, this situation also presents
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opportunities for increasing sales due to the breadth of our product line, our international presence and our long-term relationships with certain customers.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
A significant number of our operations are located outside the United States. Sales in Europe for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 were approximately 60%, 61% and 60%, respectively, of net sales. We manufacture the majority of units sold in Europe at facilities in the Czech Republic, England, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Spain and Switzerland. Other countries in which we operate include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Indonesia, Japan and Mexico, which represented approximately 10%, 9% and 9% of our consolidated sales for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Export sales from the United States were $70.9 million, $62.6 million and $62.5 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. For additional financial information about geographic areas, please refer to Note 16 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 (which is incorporated by reference herein).
FOREIGN CURRENCY
A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial statements of our foreign entities. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the Euro, but we have foreign exchange exposure to South American and Asian currencies, among others. We manage our exposures to foreign exchange principally with forward exchange contracts to hedge certain transactions and firm purchase and sales commitments denominated in foreign currencies. A strengthening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has a dilutive translation effect on our financial statements. Conversely, a weakening U.S. dollar has an additive effect. In some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. Changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales could materially impact our results of operations.
WORKING CAPITAL PRACTICES
Collection and payment periods tend to be longer for our operations located outside the United States due to local business practices. Historically, we have not needed to keep significant amounts of finished goods inventory to meet customer requirements.
EMPLOYEE AND LABOR RELATIONS
AptarGroup has approximately 7,200 full-time employees. Of the full-time employees, approximately 1,500 are located in North America, 4,700 are located in Europe and the remaining 1,000 are located in Asia and South America. Approximately 100 of the North American employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, while the majority of our European employees are covered by collective bargaining arrangements made at either the local or national level in their respective countries. Termination of employees at certain of our international operations could be costly due to local regulations regarding severance benefits. There were no material work stoppages in 2005 and management considers our employee relations to be good.
COMPETITION
All of the markets in which we operate are highly competitive and we continue to experience price competition in all product lines and markets. Competitors include privately and publicly held entities. Our competitors range from regional to international companies. We expect the market for our products to remain competitive. We believe our competitive advantages are consistent high levels of innovation, quality and service, geographic diversity and breadth of products. Our manufacturing strength lies in the ability to mold complex plastic components in a cost-effective manner and to assemble products at high speeds.
     We continue to see competition coming from low cost Asian suppliers particularly in the low-end fragrance/ cosmetic market. We are seeing a direct impact on our business by having to compete against imported low cost products from Asia. Indirectly, some fragrance marketers are sourcing their manufacturing requirements including filling of their product in Asia and importing the finished product back into the United States.
ENVIRONMENT
Our manufacturing operations primarily involve plastic injection molding and automated assembly processes and, to a limited degree, metal annodization and vacuum metallization of plastic components. Historically, the environmental impact of these processes has been minimal, and we believe we meet current environmental standards in all material respects. To date, our manufacturing operations have not been significantly affected by environmental laws and regulations relating to the environment.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Certain of our products are indirectly affected by government regulation. Growth of packaging using aerosol valves has been restrained by concerns relating to the release of certain chemicals into the atmosphere. Both aerosol and pump packaging are affected by government regulations regarding the release of volatile organic compounds (“VOC’s”) into the atmosphere. Certain states within the United States have regulations that required the reduction in the amount of VOC’s that can be released into the atmosphere and the potential exists for this type of regulation to expand to a worldwide basis. These
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regulations required our customers to reformulate certain aerosol and pump products, which may have affected the demand for such products. We own patents and have developed systems to function with alternative propellant and product formulations.
     Aerosol packaging of paints has also been adversely impacted by local regulations adopted in some large cities in the United States designed to address the problem of spray painted graffiti. Aerosol packaging may also be adversely impacted by insurance cost considerations relating to the storage of aerosol products.
     Future government regulations could include medical cost containment policies. For example, reviews by various governments to determine the number of drugs or prices thereof that will be paid by their insurance systems could affect future sales to the pharmaceutical industry. Such regulation could adversely affect prices of and demand for our pharmaceutical products. We believe that the focus on the cost effectiveness of the use of medications as compared to surgery and hospitalization provides us with an opportunity to expand sales to the pharmaceutical market. Regulatory requirements impact our customers and could affect our investment in and manufacturing of products for the pharmaceutical market.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our executive officers as of February 24, 2006 were as follows:
             
Name   Age   Position with the Company
 
Carl Siebel
    71     President and Chief Executive Officer, AptarGroup, Inc.
Peter Pfeiffer
    57     Vice Chairman of the Board, AptarGroup, Inc.
Stephen Hagge
    54     Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary, AptarGroup, Inc.
Jacques Blanié
    59     Executive Vice President, SeaquistPerfect Dispensing Group
François Boutan
    63     Vice President Finance, AptarGroup S.A.S
Patrick Doherty
    50     President, SeaquistPerfect Dispensing Group
Olivier Fourment
    48     Co-President, Valois Group
Lothar Graf
    56     President, Pfeiffer Group
Lawrence Lowrimore
    61     Vice President-Human Resources, AptarGroup, Inc.
Francesco Mascitelli
    55     President, Emsar Group
Emil Meshberg
    58     Vice President, AptarGroup, Inc.
Olivier de Pous
    61     Co-President, Valois Group
Eric Ruskoski
    58     President, Seaquist Closures Group
     There were no arrangements or understandings between any of the executive officers and any other person(s) pursuant to which such officers were elected.
Mr. Carl Siebel has been President and Chief Executive Officer of AptarGroup since 1995.
Mr. Peter Pfeiffer has been Vice Chairman of the Board since 1993.
Mr. Stephen Hagge has been Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of AptarGroup since 1993.
Mr. Jacques Blanié has been Executive Vice President of SeaquistPerfect Dispensing Group since 1996.
Mr. François Boutan has served in the capacity of Vice President Finance of AptarGroup S.A.S. since 1998.
Mr. Patrick Doherty has served as President of SeaquistPerfect Dispensing Group since October 2000.
Mr. Olivier Fourment has been Co-President of Valois Group since January 2000.
Mr. Lothar Graf has been President of the Pfeiffer Group since July 1, 2004 and prior to this was Senior Vice President of the Pfeiffer Group, Head of Pharmaceutical Division since January 1, 2000.
Mr. Lawrence Lowrimore has been Vice President-Human Resources of AptarGroup since 1993.
Mr. Francesco Mascitelli has been President of Emsar Group since December 2002 and prior to this was Direttore Generale of Emsar S.p.A., an Italian subsidiary, since 1991.
Mr. Emil Meshberg has been Vice President of AptarGroup since February 1999.
Mr. Olivier de Pous has been Co-President of Valois Group since January 2000.
Mr. Eric Ruskoski has been President of Seaquist Closures Group since 1987.
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ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the following factors in addition to other information contained in this report on Form 10-K before purchasing any shares of our common stock.
FACTORS AFFECTING APTARGROUP STOCK
Ownership by Certain Significant Shareholders. Neuberger Berman Inc. and State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company each own approximately 13% and 8%, respectively, of our outstanding common stock. If one of these significant shareholders decides to sell significant volumes of our stock, this could put downward pressure on the price of the stock.
Certain Anti-takeover Factors. Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may inhibit changes in control of AptarGroup not approved by the Board of Directors. These provisions include (i) special voting requirements for business combinations, (ii) a classified board of directors, (iii) a prohibition on stockholder action through written consents, (iv) a requirement that special meetings of stockholders be called only by the board of directors, (v) advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations, (vi) limitations on the ability of stockholders to amend, alter or repeal our bylaws and (vii) provisions that require the vote of 70% of the whole board of directors of AptarGroup in order to take certain actions.
FACTORS AFFECTING OPERATIONS OR OPERATING RESULTS
We face strong global competition and our market share could decline. All of the markets in which we operate are highly competitive and we continue to experience price competition in all product lines and markets. Competitors include privately and publicly held entities. Our competitors range from regional to international companies.
     We continue to see competition coming from low cost Asian suppliers in some of our markets, particularly in the low-end fragrance/cosmetic market. We are seeing a direct impact on our business by having to compete against imported low cost products from Asia. Indirectly, some fragrance marketers are sourcing their manufacturing requirements including filling of their product in Asia and importing the finished product back into the United States. If we are unable to compete successfully, our market share may decline, materially adversely affecting our results of operations and financial condition.
We have foreign currency translation and transaction risks that may materially adversely affect our operating results. A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial statements of our foreign entities. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the Euro, but we have foreign exchange exposure to South American and Asian currencies, among others. We manage our exposures to foreign exchange principally with forward exchange contracts to hedge certain transactions and firm purchase and sales commitments denominated in foreign currencies. A strengthening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has a dilutive translation effect on our financial statements. Conversely, a weakening U.S. dollar has an additive effect. In some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. The volatility of currency exchange rates may materially affect our operating results.
If our unionized employees were to engage in a strike or other work stoppage, our business and operating results could be materially adversely affected. Approximately 100 of our North American employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, while the majority of our European employees are covered by collective bargaining arrangements made either at the local or national level in their respective countries. Although we believe that our relations with our employees are satisfactory, no assurance can be given that this will continue. If disputes with our unions arise, or if our unionized workers engage in a strike or other work stoppage, we could incur higher labor costs or experience a significant disruption of operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.
If we were to incur a significant product liability claim above our current insurance coverage, our operating results could be materially adversely affected. More than 20% of our net sales are made to customers in the pharmaceutical industry. If our devices fail to operate as intended, medication prescribed for patients may either fail to be administered, may be under administered, or may be over administered. This failure of our devices to operate as intended, may result in a product liability claim against us. We believe we maintain adequate levels of product liability insurance coverage. A product liability claim or claims in excess of our insurance coverage may materially adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations.
Higher raw material costs and an inability to increase our selling prices may materially adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Raw material costs increased significantly over the past few years and we have generally been able to increase selling prices to cover increased costs. In the future, market conditions may prevent us from passing these increased costs on to our customers through timely price increases. In addition, we may not be able to improve productivity or realize our ongoing cost reduction programs sufficiently to help offset the impact of these increased raw material costs. As a result, higher raw material costs could result in declining margins and operating results.
We have nearly $185 million in recorded goodwill because of acquisitions, and changes in future business conditions could cause these investments to become impaired, requiring write-downs that would reduce our operating income. We evaluate the recoverability of goodwill amounts annually, or when evidence of potential impairment exists. The annual
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impairment test is based on several factors requiring judgment. A decrease in expected reporting unit cash flows or changes in market conditions may indicate potential impairment of recorded goodwill and as a result, our operating results could be materially adversely affected. See “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Part II, Item 7.
ITEM 1B.     UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
The Company has no unresolved comments from the SEC.
ITEM 2.     PROPERTIES
We lease or own our principal offices and manufacturing facilities. None of the owned principal properties is subject to a lien or other encumbrance material to our operations. We believe that existing operating leases will be renegotiated as they expire, will be acquired through purchase options or that suitable alternative properties will be leased on acceptable terms. We consider the condition and extent of utilization of our manufacturing facilities and other properties to be generally good, and the capacity of our plants to be adequate for the needs of our business. The locations of our principal manufacturing facilities, by country, are set forth below:
         
ARGENTINA
Buenos Aires
  BRAZIL
Sao Paulo
  CHINA
Suzhou (2)
 
CZECH REPUBLIC
Ckyne
  FRANCE
Annecy
Charleval
Le Neubourg
Le Vaudreuil
Oyonnax
Poincy
Verneuil Sur Avre (2)
  GERMANY
Böhringen
Dortmund (1)
Eigeltingen
Freyung
Menden (1)
 
INDIA
Jalahalii, Bangalore
Himachal Pradesh
  IRELAND
Ballinasloe, County Galway
Tourmakeady, County Mayo
  ITALY
Manoppello
Milan (1)
San Giovanni Teatino (Chieti)
 
MEXICO
Queretaro (2)
  RUSSIA
Vladimir
  SWITZERLAND
Messovico
Neuchâtel (1)
 
UNITED KINGDOM
Leeds, England
  UNITED STATES
Cary, Illinois (1)
Congers, New York
McHenry, Illinois (1)
Midland, Michigan
Mukwonago, Wisconsin
Stratford, Connecticut
Torrington, Connecticut
   
(1)  Locations of facilities dedicated to the SeaquistPerfect segment.
(2)  Locations that have facilities for both the SeaquistPerfect and Dispensing Systems segments. All other locations not footnoted represent locations of facilities dedicated to the Dispensing Systems segment.
     In addition to the above countries, we have sales offices or other manufacturing facilities in Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Japan and Spain. Our corporate office is located in Crystal Lake, Illinois.
ITEM 3.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Legal proceedings we are involved in generally relate to product liability and patent infringement issues. In our opinion, the outcome of pending claims and litigation is not likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of our operations or our cash flow. Currently we are the plaintiff in several patent infringement cases in Europe. The costs to protect these patents are not expected to have a significant impact on the results of operation in the future. The Company has received a favorable ruling in its favor in one of the patent litigation cases in Europe for which it is a plaintiff. The defendant has appealed and no judgment amount has officially been awarded. The Company has not recorded a gain contingency, as the amount of the judgment is unknown and difficult to estimate.
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     Historically, amounts paid for product liability claims related to our products have not been significant. However, the increase in pump and aerosol valve applications for pharmaceutical products may increase the risk associated with product related claims.
ITEM 4.     SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
PART II
ITEM 5.     MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY
Information regarding market prices of our Common Stock and dividends declared may be found in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 (which is incorporated by reference herein). Our Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol ATR. As of February 17, 2006, there were approximately 500 registered holders of record.
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
During the quarter ended December 31, 2005, the FCP Aptar Savings Plan (the “Plan”) purchased 800 shares of our Common Stock on behalf of the participants at an average price of $52.22 per share, for an aggregate amount of $41,776. At December 31, 2005, the Plan owns 6,100 shares of our Common Stock. The employees of AptarGroup S.A.S. and Valois S.A.S., our subsidiaries, are eligible to participate in the Plan. All eligible participants are located outside of the United States. An independent agent purchases shares of Common Stock available under the Plan for cash on the open market and we do not issue shares. We do not receive any proceeds from the purchase of Common Stock under the Plan. The agent under the Plan is Banque Nationale de Paris Paribas Asset Management. No underwriters are used under the Plan. All shares are sold in reliance upon the exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 provided by Regulation S promulgated under that Act.
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The following table summarizes the Company’s purchases of its securities for the quarter ended December 31, 2005:
 
                                 
            Total Number of Shares   Maximum Number of
    Total Number       Purchased as Part of   Shares that May Yet be
    of Shares   Average Price   Publicly Announced   Purchased Under the
Period   Purchased   Paid Per Share   Plans or Programs   Plans or Programs
10/1 - 10/31/05
    150,200     $ 49.21       150,200       1,107,700  
11/1 - 11/30/05
    0             0       1,107,700  
12/1 - 12/31/05
    0             0       1,107,700  
                         
Total
    150,200     $ 49.21       150,200       1,107,700  
On October 19, 2000, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase two million shares of its outstanding common stock. On July 15, 2004, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized the company to repurchase an additional two million shares of its outstanding common stock. There is no expiration date for these repurchase programs.
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ITEM 6.     SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
FIVE YEAR SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
                                             
In millions of dollars, except per share data
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003   2002   2001
Statement of Income Data:
                                       
 
Net Sales
  $ 1,380.0     $ 1,296.6     $ 1,114.7     $ 926.7     $ 892.0  
 
Cost of Sales (exclusive of depreciation shown below)(1)
    927.6       866.9       732.0       593.7       562.8  
   
% Of Net Sales
    67.2 %     66.8 %     65.7%       64.1 %     63.1 %
 
Selling, Research & Development and Administrative(2)
    203.4       194.4       172.9       148.3       146.1  
   
% of Net Sales
    14.7 %     15.0 %     15.5%       16.0 %     16.4 %
 
Depreciation and Amortization(3)
    99.2       94.5       85.9       72.1       73.6  
   
% of Net Sales
    7.2 %     7.3 %     7.7%       7.8 %     8.3 %
 
Operating Income
    149.8       140.9       123.9       107.1       101.9  
   
% of Net Sales
    10.9 %     10.9 %     11.1%       11.6 %     11.4 %
 
Net Income(4)
    100.0       93.3       79.7       66.6       58.8  
   
% of Net Sales
    7.3 %     7.2 %     7.1%       7.2 %     6.6 %
Per Common Share:
                                       
 
Net Income
                                       
 
Basic(5)
  $ 2.84     $ 2.58     $ 2.21     $ 1.86     $ 1.64  
 
Diluted(5)
    2.77       2.51       2.16       1.82       1.61  
 
Cash Dividends Declared
    .70       .44       .26       .24       .22  
Balance Sheet and Other Data:
                                       
 
Capital Expenditures
  $ 104.4     $ 119.7     $ 77.3     $ 89.8     $ 92.2  
 
Total Assets
    1,357.3       1,374.0       1,264.3       1,047.7       915.3  
 
Long-Term Obligations
    144.5       142.6       125.2       219.2       239.4  
 
Net Debt(6)
    129.0       35.5       56.9       136.7       204.5  
 
Stockholders’ Equity
    809.4       873.2       783.1       594.5       469.2  
 
Capital Expenditures % of Net Sales
    7.6 %     9.2 %     6.9%       9.7 %     10.3 %
 
Interest Bearing Debt to Total Capitalization(7)
    23.4 %     19.1 %     22.1%       27.6 %     35.0 %
 
Net Debt to Net Capitalization(8)
    13.7 %     3.9 %     6.8%       18.7 %     30.4 %
(1)  Cost of Sales includes a charge for Redeployment Program costs of $3.7 million in 2005.
(2)  Selling, Research & Development and Administrative includes a charge of $1.3 million of acquired research and development (“R&D”) in 2003.
(3)  Depreciation and Amortization includes $3.6 million of amortization of goodwill in 2001. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” on January 1, 2002, the Company ceased recording goodwill amortization.
(4)  Net income includes a charge for Redeployment Program costs of $2.5 million in 2005, acquired R&D of $0.8 million in 2003, a Patent Dispute Settlement of $2.7 million and Strategic Initiative charges of $1.1 million in 2002, Strategic Initiative charges of $6.0 million in 2001 and goodwill amortization of $3.5 million.
(5)  Net income per basic and diluted common share includes the negative effects of $0.7 for Redeployment Program costs in 2005, $0.02 for an acquired R&D charge in 2003, $0.07 for a Patent Dispute Settlement, $0.03 for Strategic Initiative charges in 2002, $0.17 for Strategic Initiative charges in 2001 and $0.10 for goodwill amortization.
(6)  Net Debt is interest bearing debt less cash and cash equivalents.
(7)  Total Capitalization is Stockholders’ Equity plus interest bearing debt.
(8)  Net Capitalization is Stockholders’ Equity plus Net Debt.
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ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
(In thousands, except per share amounts or otherwise indicated)
INTRODUCTION
The year 2005 marked our 40th consecutive year of increased revenue as sales reached nearly $1.4 billion. In addition, we broke the $100 million net income mark for the first time in the Company’s history and generated a record amount of free cash flow (cash flow from operations less capital expenditures) of $89.6 million. We increased the annual dividend paid to shareholders nearly 59% to $.70 per share compared to $.44 per share in 2004 and repurchased more than 1.2 million of our common shares outstanding.
     The year 2005 also marked one of our most active years in terms of acquisitions. In the first quarter, we acquired EP Spray System, a Swiss manufacturer of aerosol valves with bag-on-valve technology. Early in the fourth quarter, we acquired MBF, a leading French designer and manufacturer of decorative packaging components primarily for the high end of the fragrance/cosmetic market. Later in the fourth quarter, we acquired the remaining half of AirlesSystems (a 50/50 joint venture), a French manufacturer of unique dispensing systems that prevent air from entering the dispenser in order to protect product integrity and increase shelf life particularly, for cosmetic and skincare products. In the first quarter of 2006, we acquired CCL Dispensing, a U.S. manufacturer of dispensing closures. These acquisitions are consistent with our strategy to acquire businesses that possess unique technology, quality products and valuable market share. With these new products, technologies and capacity, we are enhancing the services and products we offer our global customers.
     In addition to the acquisitions mentioned above, we continued to enhance our current product offerings by launching several innovative products in 2005. In the fragrance/cosmetic market, we launched a new thin sampling dispensing system that marketers can insert into magazines, catalogues, envelopes, or even compact disc cases. We launched a less expensive traditional spray pump-sampling device for the same market. We upgraded other products within our existing range of products including lotion pumps and low-profile spray pumps and dispensing closures. We have also offered new aerosol valve accessories to the personal care market such as turning locking actuators that have been positively received by our customers.
     We believe that with our strong balance sheet, the acquisitions we have recently made, and our investment in new dispensing systems, we are well positioned for the future.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage relationship of certain items to net sales:
                         
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Net sales
    100.0%       100.0%       100.0%  
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation shown below)
    67.2       66.8       65.7  
Selling, research & development and administrative
    14.7       15.0       15.5  
Depreciation and amortization
    7.2       7.3       7.7  
             
Operating income
    10.9       10.9       11.1  
Other expenses
    (0.6)       (0.3)       (0.6)  
             
Income before income taxes
    10.3%       10.6%       10.5%  
             
Net income
    7.3%       7.2%       7.1%  
                   
Effective tax rate
    29.5%       32.0%       32.1%  
                   
NET SALES
Net sales increased more than 6% in 2005 to nearly $1.4 billion compared to $1.3 billion recorded in 2004. The average U.S. dollar rate in 2005 compared to the Euro was nearly the same as in 2004, and as a result, changes in exchange rates did not have a significant impact on sales in 2005. Approximately $27 million of the increase in 2005 relates to acquisitions in 2005 while sales of custom tooling decreased nearly $19 million from the prior year with the majority of the decrease related to the personal care and food markets. Sales prices increased primarily to offset raw material cost increases. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, the changes in our sales by market were as follows:
  Sales to the personal care market increased approximately 12% or $48.9 million compared to the prior year. Approximately $15.5 million of the increase is due to acquisitions completed in 2005. Sales of custom tooling decreased approximately $10 million compared to the prior year. The remainder of the increase reflects strong volume growth of both our dispensing closure and pump product lines primarily in the U.S. and strong volume growth of our pumps in Europe.
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  Sales to the fragrance/cosmetic market increased approximately 4% or $14.5 million compared to the prior year, $9.3 million of which came from acquisitions. The remainder of the increase was primarily due to increased sales in the U.S. Price competition particularly in the low-end of this market negatively affected sales growth and operating margins.
  Sales to the pharmaceutical market decreased slightly (less than 1% or $1.4 million) compared to the prior year. Sales of custom tooling decreased approximately $3 million compared to the prior year. Sales in 2005 of our spray pumps to generic pharmaceutical customers decreased from the prior year.
  Sales to the household market decreased approximately 2% or $2.5 million compared to the prior year reflecting decreased sales of aerosol valves to this market as we have shifted away from lower-margin business in this market.
  Sales to the food/beverage market increased approximately 17% or $16.6 million compared to the prior year in spite of a reduction in sales of custom tooling of approximately $5 million. The increase in product sales reflects continued strong demand for our dispensing closure product range in this market.

     Net sales increased more than 16% in 2004 to nearly $1.3 billion compared to $1.1 billion recorded in 2003. The U.S. dollar weakened throughout 2004 compared to the Euro and finished nearly 8% weaker than the Euro compared to the end of 2003. Net sales excluding changes in foreign currency rates increased approximately 9% from the prior year. Approximately $26 million of the increase in 2004 relates to increased sales of custom tooling. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, the changes in our sales by market were as follows:
  Sales to the personal care market increased approximately 7% or $28 million compared to the prior year. Approximately $5 million of the increase was due to increased sales of custom tooling. The remainder of the increase reflected strong volume growth of both our dispensing closure and spray pump product lines.
  Sales to the fragrance/cosmetic market increased approximately 6% or $21 million compared to the prior year, reflecting growth in all of our geographic areas, and was particularly strong in our emerging markets. Price competition particularly in the low-end of this market affected sales growth and operating margins.
  Sales to the pharmaceutical market increased approximately 10% or $27 million compared to the prior year, which reflected continued strong growth of metered dose aerosol valves, increased sales of custom tooling to customers of approximately $6 million and increased licensing and other service revenue of approximately $4 million.
  Sales to the household market increased approximately 16% or $14 million compared to the prior year, which reflected strong growth in this market across all three product lines we sell, as well as an increase of approximately $3 million in sales of custom tooling.
  Sales to the food/beverage market increased approximately 28% or $21 million compared to the prior year, which reflected strong growth of our dispensing closure products in this market. In addition, sales of custom tooling to customers increased approximately $7 million compared to the prior year.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, net sales by geographic location:
 
                                                 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   % of Total   2004   % of Total   2003   % of Total
Domestic
  $ 419,178       30%     $ 391,279       30%     $ 345,624       31%  
Europe
    829,863       60%       794,929       61%       673,074       60%  
Other Foreign
    130,968       10%       110,400       9%       95,991       9%  
COST OF SALES (EXCLUSIVE OF DEPRECIATION SHOWN BELOW)
Our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased in 2005 to 67.2% compared to 66.8% in 2004. The following factors influenced our cost of sales percentage in 2005 either positively or negatively:
Redeployment Program and Severance Related Costs. We announced in the third quarter of 2005 a three-year plan to reduce and redeploy certain personnel in our French fragrance/cosmetic operations. The objective of this three-year plan is to better align our production equipment and personnel between several sites in France to ultimately reduce costs and maintain our competitiveness. We will implement this plan in phases over a three-year period and we expect to complete the plan in the fourth quarter of 2008. The plan anticipates a headcount reduction by the end of 2008 of approximately 90 people. We expect total costs associated with the Redeployment Program to be in the range of $7 to $9 million over the three-year period and primarily relate to employee severance costs of which $3.7 million was incurred in 2005. We also incurred approximately $500 thousand of additional severance related costs in our other business units.
Continuing Price Pressure. Pricing pressure continues to be strong in all the markets we serve, particularly in the low-end of the fragrance/cosmetic market and for certain of our dispensing closures. Directly, Asian suppliers continue to export more pumps worldwide and particularly to the U.S. and European markets. Indirectly, some fragrance/cosmetic marketers in the U.S. and Europe are sourcing their entire product in Asia and importing the finished product back into the U.S.
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Decreased Sales of Custom Tooling. Sales of custom tooling decreased $19 million in 2005. Traditionally sales of custom tooling generates lower margins than our regular product sales and thus any decrease in sales of custom tooling positively affects cost of sales as a percentage of net sales.
Rising Raw Material Costs. Raw material costs, in particular plastic resin, increased significantly during 2005 due in part to the impact of the U.S. hurricanes. Due to normal delays in the timing of when these raw material price increases are passed on to customers, our margins were negatively affected.
Cost Reduction Efforts. We continued to focus on reducing costs worldwide to offset the adverse effects of competitive price pressure and rising raw material costs.
     Our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased in 2004 to 66.8% compared to 65.7% in 2003. The following factors influenced our cost of sales percentage in 2004:
Sale of Building. In the first quarter of 2004, we sold a production facility and realized a gain on the sale of the building of approximately $1 million. The gain was included in cost of goods sold.
Higher Quality Related Costs. We incurred higher quality related costs in 2004. The most significant issue related to a problem encountered with resin used to make pumps for one of our pharmaceutical customers. Our resin supplier had erroneously mixed and shipped a non-approved resin with an approved resin that was not detected in our statistical incoming quality control process. This problem negatively influenced the 2004 results by approximately $1.5 million. Two additional unrelated claims totaled another approximately $1.2 million.
Continued Price Pressure. Pricing pressure was strong in all the markets we served, particularly in the low-end of the fragrance/cosmetic market and for certain dispensing closures. Directly, Asian suppliers exported pumps worldwide and particularly to the U.S. and European markets. Indirectly, some fragrance/cosmetic marketers in the U.S. sourced their entire product in Asia and imported the finished product back into the U.S.
Strengthening of the Euro. We are a net exporter from Europe of products produced in Europe with costs denominated in Euros. As a result, when the Euro strengthened against the U.S. dollar in 2004 compared to 2003, products produced in Europe (with costs denominated in Euros) and sold in currencies that were weaker compared to the Euro, had a negative impact on cost of sales as a percentage of net sales.
Increased Sales of Custom Tooling. We increased sales of custom tooling $26 million in 2004. Traditionally sales of custom tooling generates lower margins than our regular product sales and thus increased sales of custom tooling negatively impacted cost of sales as a percentage of net sales.
Operating Losses and Shut Down Expenses for a Mold Manufacturing Facility in the U.S. We closed a mold manufacturing facility in the U.S. in 2004 that employed approximately 40 people. Total operating losses of the facility, as well as shut down related expenses, were approximately $3.1 million in 2004 compared to operating losses of approximately $770 thousand in 2003. The majority of these expenses were recorded in cost of goods sold.
Rising Raw Material Costs. Raw material costs, in particular plastic resin and metal, increased significantly during 2004. Due to delays in timing of when these raw material price increases were passed on to customers, the net effect was a reduction in margin.
Cost Reduction Efforts. We continued to focus on reducing costs worldwide to offset the adverse effects of competitive price pressure and rising raw material costs.
SELLING, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE
Our Selling, Research & Development and Administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased approximately 4.7% or $9.0 million in 2005. The majority of the increase relates to normal inflationary increases in costs such as salaries and professional fees. Acquisitions accounted for more than $2.8 million of the increase in SG&A costs. In addition, we spent $900 thousand more on research and development prototype tooling reflecting our ongoing emphasis on new products. SG&A as a percentage of sales however continued to decrease to 14.7% in 2005 compared to 15.0% in 2004.
     In 2004, our SG&A increased approximately 13.3% or $22.8 million. A significant portion of this increase was due to movements in exchange rates. Excluding the impact of the change in exchange rates, SG&A increased 6.6% or approximately $12.1 million. Approximately $3 million of the increase related to research and development costs associated with the continued development of dry powder technology that we purchased in 2003. Approximately $1.7 million related to increased audit fees primarily associated with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation compliance. The remainder of the increase related to other inflationary increases in costs such as salaries. SG&A as a percentage of sales decreased to 15.0% in 2004 compared to 15.4% in 2003.
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DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 5.0% or $4.7 million in 2005. Acquisitions in 2005 accounted for $2.2 million of the increase. The remaining increase related to increased capital expenditures to support the growth of our business. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to 7.2% of net sales from 7.3% in 2004.
     In 2004, depreciation and amortization expense increased 10.1% or $8.6 million. Changes in currency rates accounted for approximately $5.5 million of the million increase. The remaining increase related to increased capital expenditures.
OPERATING INCOME
Operating Income increased approximately $8.9 million or 6.3% to $149.8 million in 2005. The increase in operating income is due primarily to the increase in sales volumes discussed previously. Operating income as a percentage of sales remained constant at 10.9% in 2005 in spite of the significant increase in raw material costs and the redeployment expenses mentioned above.
     In 2004, operating income increased approximately $16.9 million or 13.7%. The increase in operating income was due primarily to the increase in sales volumes discussed previously. Operating income as a percentage of sales decreased slightly to 10.9% in 2004 compared to 11.1% in 2003. The decrease in operating income as a percentage of sales was due primarily to the additional costs previously discussed in the cost of goods sold section above.
NET OTHER EXPENSES
Net other expenses in 2005 increased to $7.8 million compared to $3.7 million in 2004 principally reflecting increased interest expense of $2.1 million, a decrease in interest income of $1.3 million and a net negative change of $1.7 million in foreign currency transactions. The increase in interest expense related to an increase in our average borrowings due to our stock repurchase activities and rising short-term interest rates. The decrease in interest income related to a reduction in our cash position in Europe during 2005, due primarily to the use of cash for the acquisitions made in Europe.
     Net other expenses in 2004 decreased to $3.7 million compared to $6.7 million in 2003 principally reflecting increased interest income of $1.3 million, an increase in income of affiliates of $.4 million and a net positive change of $.9 million in foreign currency transactions. The increase in interest income related to our growing cash position in Europe during 2004. The increase in income of affiliates was due to an increase in profits for both our joint venture in Europe and our minority investment in South America. The majority of the net positive change in foreign currency transactions related to a gain recorded on a foreign currency contract put in the place for the repatriation of approximately $50 million from Europe to the U.S. in 2004.
EFFECTIVE TAX RATE
The reported effective tax rate for 2005 decreased to 29.5% compared to 32.0% in 2004. The decrease in the effective tax rate is due primarily to prior years’ U.S. research and development credits of approximately $1.2 million realized in the second quarter of 2005. In addition, due to a special one-time Italian tax law policy relating to taxation of previously issued government grants, we were able to reduce certain previously recorded deferred tax liabilities by approximately $2 million.
     The reported effective tax rate for 2004 decreased slightly to 32.0% compared to 32.1% in 2003. The slight reduction in the effective tax rate reflected the mix of where our income was earned. We also recorded approximately $2.9 million of deferred tax assets related to foreign tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards in 2004 and recorded a corresponding valuation allowance due to our judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax assets in future years.
NET INCOME
We reported net income of $100.0 million in 2005 compared to $93.3 million reported in 2004 and $79.7 million reported in 2003.
DISPENSING SYSTEMS SEGMENT
The Dispensing Systems segment is an aggregate of four of our five business units. The Dispensing Systems segment sells primarily non-aerosol spray and lotion pumps, dispensing closures, and metered dose aerosol valves. These products are sold to all of the markets we serve.
                         
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Net Sales
  $ 1,145,120     $ 1,089,177     $ 926,365  
Segment Income(1)
    153,163       142,623       125,911  
Segment Income as a percentage of Net Sales
    13.4%       13.1%       13.6%  
(1) Segment Income is defined as earnings before net interest, corporate expenses, income taxes and unusual items. The Company evaluates performance of its business units and allocates resources based upon Segment Income. For a reconciliation of Segment Income to income before income taxes, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.
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     Our net sales for the Dispensing Systems segment in 2005 grew nearly 5.1% or $55.9 million over 2004. Approximately $14.7 million of the increase in sales is due to the acquisitions completed in the fourth quarter of 2005, the majority of whose sales are to the fragrance/cosmetic market. Sales of custom tooling decreased approximately $18.5 million compared to the prior year. Excluding foreign currency changes, sales of our products increased in particular to the personal care ($23.9 million) and food/beverage markets ($12.9 million) in 2005. Price competition continues to negatively impact primarily the low-end fragrance/cosmetic market and certain dispensing closures.
     In 2004, our net sales for the Dispensing Systems segment grew nearly 18% over 2003. Approximately $60 million of the increase in sales was due to the weaker U.S. dollar compared to the Euro and other currencies. Another $28 million of the increase was due to increased sales of custom tooling. Excluding foreign currency changes, sales of our products increased to all of the markets we served in 2004.
     Segment Income in 2005 increased nearly 7.4% or $10.5 million compared to 2004 primarily reflecting the increased sales volumes mentioned above as well as ongoing cost reduction efforts.
     In 2004, Segment Income increased nearly 13% compared to 2003 primarily reflecting the increased sales volumes mentioned above. Segment Income did not increase at the same rate as the sales growth in 2004 primarily due to increased quality related costs, the shutdown of a mold manufacturing facility, increased price competition as well as the negative impact of selling goods produced in Europe (with costs denominated in Euros) and selling in currencies that weakened against the Euro compared to 2003.
SEAQUISTPERFECT SEGMENT
SeaquistPerfect represents our fifth business unit and sells primarily aerosol valves and accessories and certain non-aerosol spray and lotion pumps. These products are sold primarily to the personal care, household and food/beverage markets.
                         
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Net Sales
  $ 234,889     $ 207,431     $ 188,324  
Segment Income
    21,143       18,089       15,482  
Segment Income as a percentage of Net Sales
    9.0%       8.7%       8.2%  
     Net sales increased 13.3% or $27.5 million in 2005. Approximately $12.7 million of the increase in sales was due to the acquisition completed in the first quarter of 2005. The remainder of the sales growth is attributed to strong U.S. sales of aerosol valves and pumps, primarily to the personal care market. Excluding the acquisition made in 2005, sales remained flat in Europe in 2005 compared to the prior year.
     In 2004, net sales increased 10% compared to 2003. The weak U.S. dollar compared to the Euro in 2004 accounted for nearly half of the sales growth. The remainder of the sales growth was attributed to strong U.S. sales of aerosol valves and pumps. The introduction of several new accessories such as a locking actuator for aerosol valves helped stimulate demand in the U.S. in 2004. Price competition and the mix of aerosol valve sales were the main reasons for the lack of sales growth in Europe in 2004. Sales of custom tooling decreased nearly $3 million compared to 2003.
     Segment Income continued to improve in 2005 growing nearly 16.9% or $3.1 million compared to 2004. The growth in Segment Income reflects primarily the acquisition made in 2005 as well as an increase in profitability in the U.S. due primarily to the increased sales volumes, introduction of new products, and improvements in productivity in 2005.
     In 2004, Segment Income grew nearly 17% compared to 2003. The growth in Segment Income reflected an increase in profitability in the U.S. due primarily to the increased sales volumes, introduction of new accessories, and improvements in productivity in 2004.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flow provided by our operations and our revolving credit facility. Cash and equivalents decreased to $117.6 million from $170.4 million at the end of 2004. Total short and long-term interest bearing debt increased to $246.6 million from $205.9 million at the end of 2004. The ratio of our Net Debt (interest bearing debt less cash and cash equivalents) to Net Capital (stockholders’ equity plus Net Debt) increased to 14% compared to 4% as of December 31, 2004.
     In 2005, our operations provided a record $194.1 million in cash flow. This compares with $183.2 million in 2004 and $139.8 million in 2003. We anticipate that cash flow from operations in 2006 will be at or above 2005 levels. In each of the past three years, we primarily derived cash flow from operations from earnings before depreciation and amortization. The increase in cash generated from operating activities in 2005 reflects strong growth in earnings before depreciation and amortization. The significant increase in cash generated from operating activities in 2004 over 2003 reflected strong growth in earnings before depreciation and amortization, the absence of discretionary funding for the U.S. pension plan compared to 2003 and decreased use of cash for working capital needs compared to 2003. Also in 2003, we funded $7 million above the minimum funding requirements required for the U.S. pension plan. During 2005, we utilized the majority of the operating cash flows to finance capital expenditures, repurchase Company stock, and pay higher dividends to shareholders. After considering projected capital expenditures in 2006 of approximately $110 million (assuming current exchange rates), required debt
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repayments (including fixed rate interest obligations, capital lease payments and required principal payments) of approximately $13 million and anticipated dividend payments of approximately $28 million and the acquisition of CCL Dispensing for $21 million (in 2006), we would expect to generate additional cash in 2006.
     We used $193.6 million in cash for investing activities during 2005, compared to $115.0 million during 2004 and $74.0 million in 2003. This increase in 2005 is primarily due to the acquisitions of businesses of $89.8 million. The acquisitions were made from existing cash balances in Europe and help explain the reduction in the cash and equivalents balance at December 31, 2005. Capital expenditures totaled $104.4 million in 2005, $119.7 million in 2004 and $77.3 million in 2003. Each year we invest in property, plant and equipment primarily for new products, capacity increases, product line extensions and maintenance of business. We estimate that approximately 25% of next year’s total anticipated capital expenditures will be spent on new product introductions.
     We used $34.6 million in cash for financing activities during 2005 compared to $75.0 million in 2004 and $12.8 million in 2003. The majority of the cash used for financing activities in 2005 was used to buy back shares of our stock. In 2004 and 2003, the majority of the cash used for financing activities was used to pay down long and short-term debt, to pay dividends to our shareholders and to buy back shares of our stock. In 2005, 1.2 million shares were repurchased for an aggregate amount of $61.1 million, leaving 1.1 million of authorized shares remaining to be repurchased.
     In February of 2004, we entered into a five-year $150 million revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) and terminated the previous $100 million revolving credit facility. The Credit Facility contains substantially similar terms as the terminated facility. Under this credit agreement, interest on borrowings is payable at a rate equal to LIBOR plus an amount based on our financial condition. At December 31, 2005, the amount unused and available under this agreement was $75 million. We are required to pay a fee of .15% for this commitment. The agreement expires on February 27, 2009.
     In May of 2004, we entered into a $25 million seven year debt agreement. This debt agreement is comprised of $25 million of 5.09% senior unsecured notes due May 28, 2011. The proceeds from this debt were used to pay down borrowings under the revolving credit facility.
     Our revolving credit facility and long-term private placement debt require us to satisfy certain financial and other covenants including:
                 
    Requirement   Level at December 31, 2005
         
Interest coverage ratio
    At least 3.5 to 1       21 to 1  
Debt to total capital ratio
    55%       23%  
     Based upon the above interest coverage ratio covenant, we could borrow additional debt up to a limit where interest expense would not exceed approximately $60 million. Interest expense in 2005 was approximately $12 million. Based upon the above debt to total capital ratio covenant we would have the ability to borrow approximately an additional $740 million before the 55% requirement was exceeded.
     Our foreign operations have historically met cash requirements with the use of internally generated cash or borrowings. These foreign subsidiaries have financing arrangements with several foreign banks to fund operations located outside the U.S., but all these lines are uncommitted. Cash generated by foreign operations has generally been reinvested locally. The majority of our $117.6 million in cash and equivalents is located outside of the U.S. In 2005, we decided to repatriate in 2006, a portion (approximately $12 million) of non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings. We have provided for additional taxes of approximately $.6 million in 2005 for this repatriation.
     We believe we are in a strong financial position and have the financial resources to meet business requirements in the foreseeable future. We have historically used cash flow from operations as our primary source of liquidity. In the event that customer demand would decrease significantly for a prolonged period of time and negatively impact cash flow from operations, we would have the ability to restrict and significantly reduce capital expenditure levels, which historically have been the most significant use of cash for us. A prolonged and significant reduction in capital expenditure levels could increase future repairs and maintenance costs as well as have a negative impact on operating margins if we were unable to invest in new innovative products.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We lease certain warehouse, plant and office facilities as well as certain equipment under noncancelable operating leases expiring at various dates through the year 2018. Most of the operating leases contain renewal options and certain equipment leases include options to purchase during or at the end of the lease term. We have an option on one building lease to purchase the building during or at the end of the term of the lease at approximately the amount expended by the lessor for the purchase of the building and improvements, which was the fair value of the facility at the inception of the lease. This lease has been accounted for as an operating lease. If the Company exercises its option to purchase the building, the Company would account for this transaction as a capital expenditure. If the Company does not exercise the purchase option by the end of the lease in 2008, the Company would be required to pay an amount not to exceed $9.5 million and would receive certain rights to the proceeds from the sale of the related property. The value of the rights to be obtained relating to this property is expected to exceed the amount paid if the purchase option is not exercised. Other than operating lease obligations, we do not have any
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off-balance sheet arrangements. See the following section “Overview of Contractual Obligations” for future payments relating to operating leases.
OVERVIEW OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Below is a table of our outstanding contractual obligations and future payments as of December 31, 2005:
 
                                         
Contractual Obligations   Payments Due By Period
     
        2011 and
    Total   2006   2007-2008   2009-2010   After
Long-term Debt(1)
  $ 141,510     $ 1,957     $ 46,032     $ 44,499     $ 49,022  
Capital Lease Obligations(1)
    7,484       2,496       3,054       1,099       835  
Operating Leases
    22,926       10,304       10,499       1,448       675  
Building Lease Obligation(2)
    9,500             9,500              
Interest Obligations(3)
    38,623       14,941       14,180       8,197       1,305  
Purchase Obligations(4)
    21,200       21,200                    
Other Long-term liabilities reflected on the balance sheet under GAAP(5)
                             
                         
Total Contractual Obligations
  $ 241,243     $ 50,898     $ 83,265     $ 55,243     $ 51,837  
                               
(1)  The future payments listed above for capital lease obligations and long-term debt repayments reflect only principal payments.
(2)  The building lease payment indicated in the table assumes that the Company exercises its option to purchase the building at the end of the lease in 2008 for approximately $9.5 million, which represents the estimated residual value of the building at the end of the lease date.
(3)  Approximately 50% of our total interest bearing debt has variable interest rates. Using our variable rate debt outstanding as of December 31, 2005 of approximately $123.2 million at an average interest rate of 5%, we included approximately $6.2 million of variable interest rate obligations in 2006. No variable interest rate obligations were included in subsequent years.
(4)  The amount shown represents the agreement to acquire CCL Dispensing, which was purchased subsequent to December 31, 2005.
(5)  Aside from deferred income taxes and minority interest, we have approximately $33 million of other deferred long-term liabilities on the balance sheet, which consist primarily of retirement and deferred compensation plans. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for a schedule of estimated future benefit payments related to the Company’s defined benefit plans. Timing of future payments relating to the remaining deferred compensation and other obligations are not included in the table as they are difficult to determine because they are based upon governmental contribution requirements, which fluctuate annually, or they will be amortized in the future and will not be settled in cash.
ADOPTION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In May 2005 the Financial Accounting Standards Board, (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 154 “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.” SFAS No. 154 replaces Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 20 and SFAS No. 3. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. We will adopt this Statement beginning January 1, 2006.
     In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151 “Inventory Costs.” SFAS No. 151 amends the guidance in Accounting Research Bulletin (“ARB”) No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing,” to clarify the abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). Paragraph 5 of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4 previously stated that “. . .under some circumstances, items such as idle facility expense, excessive spoilage, double freight, and rehandling costs may be so abnormal as to require treatment as current period charges. . .” SFAS No. 151 requires that those items be recognized as current period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal.” In addition, SFAS No. 151 requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We have performed a preliminary assessment and have determined that this statement will not have any impact on us upon adoption.
     In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R “Share-Based Payment.” SFAS No. 123R is a revision of SFAS No. 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” This Statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related implementation guidance. This Statement requires a public company to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award; the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). We are currently following APB No. 25 and applying the nominal vesting approach.
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     SFAS No. 123R upon adoption requires the application of the non-substantive vesting approach, which means that an award is fully vested when the employee’s retention of the award is no longer contingent on providing subsequent service. This would be the case for awards that vest when employees become retirement eligible or awards granted to retirement eligible employees. Had we been using the non-substantive approach instead of the nominal vesting approach when calculating the effect on net income and earnings per share in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, net income would have decreased by approximately $0.8 million, $1.0 million and $0.6 million for the years ending December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. SFAS No. 123R is effective for us January 1, 2006. We estimate that for the year ended December 31, 2006, our financial results of operations will be reduced by approximately $8.6 million or $.24 per diluted share. Approximately $.13 per diluted share will be recorded in the first quarter of 2006 with the remainder being approximately ratably recorded over the remainder of the year.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, income taxes, pensions and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on a variety of other assumptions believed to be reasonable in order to make judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Management has discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting estimates with the audit committee of our Board of Directors and the audit committee has reviewed our disclosure relating to it in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Results of Operations and Financial Condition (“MD&A”).
IMPAIRMENT OF GOODWILL
In accordance with SFAS No. 142, we evaluate our goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or whenever indicators of impairment exist. SFAS No. 142 requires that if the carrying value of a reporting unit for which goodwill exists exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the “implied fair value” of reporting unit goodwill.
     As discussed in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have evaluated our goodwill for impairment and have determined that the fair value of our reporting units exceeds their carrying value, so we did not recognize an impairment of goodwill. Goodwill of approximately $184.8 million is shown on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2005.
     We believe that the accounting estimate related to determining the fair value of our reporting units is a critical accounting estimate because: (1) it is highly susceptible to change from period to period because it requires company management to make assumptions about the future cash flows for each reporting unit over several years in the future, and (2) the impact that recognizing an impairment would have on the assets reported on our balance sheet as well as our results of operations could be material. Management’s assumptions about future cash flows for the reporting units require significant judgment and actual cash flows in the future may differ significantly from those forecasted today. The estimate for future cash flows and its impact on the impairment testing of goodwill is a critical accounting estimate for the Dispensing Systems segment of our business.
     In estimating future cash flows, we use internally generated budgets developed from our reporting units and reviewed by management. We develop our budgets based upon recent sales trends for the reporting units, discussions with our customers, planned timing of new product launches, forecasted capital expenditure needs, working capital needs, costing factors and many other variables. From these internally generated budgets, a four year projection of cash flows is made based upon expected sales growth rates and fixed asset and working capital requirements based upon historical needs. A discounted cash flow model is used to discount the future cash flows back to the present using a weighted-average cost of capital. This fair value for the reporting unit is then corroborated by comparing it with a market multiple analysis of the reporting unit. The market multiple analysis is calculated by using AptarGroup’s overall EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation) multiple and applying it to the reporting unit EBITDA for the current year.
     The $184.8 million of goodwill is reported in five reporting units. Four of the five reporting units have fair values, which significantly exceed their carrying values. The fifth reporting unit contains approximately $93.5 million of the total $184.8 million in goodwill and has the smallest excess of fair value over carrying value of the five reporting units.
     We believe our assumptions used in discounting future cash flows are appropriately conservative. Any increase in estimated cash flows would have no impact on the reported carrying amount of goodwill. However, if our current estimates of cash flow for this one reporting unit had been 46% lower, the fair value of the reporting unit would have been lower than the carrying value thus requiring us to perform an impairment test to determine the “implied value” of goodwill. The excess of the approximately $93.5 million in carrying value of goodwill over the “implied value” of goodwill would need to be written down for impairment. Without performing the second step of the goodwill impairment test it would be difficult to determine the actual amount of impairment to be recorded, but theoretically, the full $93.5 million of goodwill would be at risk for
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impairment. A full $93.5 million impairment loss would have reduced Total Assets as of December 31, 2005 by approximately 7% and would have reduced Income Before Income Taxes in 2005 by nearly 66%.
     If we had been required to recognize an impairment loss of the full $93.5 million, it would likely not have affected our liquidity and capital resources because, in spite of the impairment loss, we would have been within the terms of our debt covenants.
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
We record an allowance for doubtful accounts as an estimate of the inability of our customers to make their required payments. We determine the amount of our allowance for doubtful accounts by looking at a variety of factors. First we examine an aging of the accounts receivable in each entity within the Company. The aging lists past due amounts according to invoice terms. In addition, we consider the current economic environment, the credit rating of the customers and general overall market conditions. In some countries we maintain credit insurance, which can be used in certain cases of non-payment.
     We believe that the accounting estimate related to the allowance for doubtful accounts is a critical accounting estimate because: (1) it requires management to make assumptions about the ability to collect amounts owed from customers in the future, and (2) changes to these assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on our results of operations. The estimate for the allowance for doubtful accounts is a critical accounting estimate for both of our segments.
     When we determine that a customer is unlikely to pay, we record a charge to bad debt expense in the income statement and an increase to the allowance for doubtful accounts. When it becomes certain the customer cannot pay (typically the customer will file for bankruptcy) we write off the receivable by removing the accounts receivable amount and reducing the allowance for doubtful accounts accordingly. In 2005, we added approximately $1.2 million to the allowance for doubtful accounts while we wrote off or reduced the allowance for doubtful accounts by $1.5 million. Please refer to Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts over the past three years.
     We had approximately $270.5 million in outstanding accounts receivable at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2005, we had approximately $10.4 million recorded in the allowance for doubtful accounts to cover all potential future customer non-payments net of any credit insurance reimbursement we would potentially recover. We believe our allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate to cover any future non-payments of our customers. However, if economic conditions deteriorate significantly or one of our large customers were to declare bankruptcy, a larger allowance for doubtful accounts might be necessary. It is extremely difficult to estimate how much of an additional reserve would be necessary, but we expect the largest potential customer balance at any one time would not exceed $10 million. An additional loss of $10 million would reduce our Total Assets as of December 31, 2005 by approximately 1% and would have reduced Income Before Income Taxes by approximately 7%.
     If we had been required to recognize an additional $10 million in bad debt expense, it would likely not have affected our liquidity and capital resources because, in spite of the additional expense, we would have been within the terms of our debt covenants.
VALUATION OF PENSION BENEFITS
The benefit obligations and net periodic pension cost associated with our domestic and foreign noncontributory pension plans are determined using actuarial assumptions. Such assumptions include discount rates to reflect the time value of money, rate of employee compensation increases, demographic assumptions to determine the probability and timing of benefit payments, and the long-term rate of return on plan assets. The actuarial assumptions are based upon management’s best estimates, after consulting with outside investment advisors and actuaries. Because assumptions and estimates are used, actual results could differ from expected results.
     The discount rate is utilized principally in calculating our pension obligations, which are represented by the Accumulated Benefit Obligation (ABO) and the Projected Benefit Obligation (PBO), and in calculating net periodic benefit cost. In establishing the discount rates for our domestic and foreign plans, we review a number of relevant interest rates including government security yields and Aa corporate bond yields. At December 31, 2005, the discount rates for our domestic and foreign plans were 5.4% and 4.0%, respectively.
     We believe that the accounting estimates related to determining the valuation of pension benefits are critical accounting estimates because: (1) changes in them can materially affect net income, and (2) we are required to establish the discount rate and the expected return on fund assets, which are highly uncertain and require judgment. The estimates for the valuation of pension benefits are critical accounting estimates for both of our segments.
     To the extent the discount rates increase (or decrease), our ABO and net periodic benefit cost will decrease (or increase) accordingly. The estimated effect of a 1% decrease in each discount rate would be a $12.8 million increase in the ABO ($9.0 million for the domestic plans and $3.8 million for the foreign plans) and a $2.3 million increase in net periodic benefit cost ($1.9 million for the domestic plans and $.4 million for the foreign plans). To the extent the ABO increases, and an additional minimum pension liability adjustment is required, the after-tax effect of such increase could reduce Other Comprehensive Income and Shareholders’ Equity. The estimated effect of a 1% increase in each discount rate would be a $10.1 million decrease in the ABO ($7.0 million for the domestic plans and $3.1 million for the foreign plans) and a $1.6 million decrease in net periodic benefit cost ($1.3 million for the domestic plans and $.3 million for the foreign plans). A decrease of this magnitude in the ABO would eliminate a substantial portion of the Additional Minimum Pension Liability, and the related reduction in Other Comprehensive Income and Shareholders’ Equity.
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     The assumed expected long-term rate of return on assets is the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested to provide for the benefits included in the PBO. Of domestic plan assets, approximately 59% was invested in equities and 41% was invested in fixed income securities at December 31, 2005. Of foreign plan assets, approximately 41% was invested in equities, 54% was invested in fixed income securities and 5% was invested in real estate at December 31, 2005.
     The expected long-term rate of return assumptions are determined based on our investment policy combined with expected risk premiums of equities and fixed income securities over the underlying risk-free rate. This rate is utilized principally in calculating the expected return on the plan assets component of the net periodic benefit cost. To the extent the actual rate of return on assets realized over the course of a year is greater or less than the assumed rate, that year’s net periodic benefit cost is not affected. Rather, this gain (or loss) reduces (or increases) future net periodic benefit cost over a period of approximately 15 to 20 years. To the extent the expected long-term rate of return on assets increases (or decreases), our net periodic benefit cost will decrease (or increase) accordingly. The estimated effect of a 1% decrease (or increase) in each expected long-term rate of return on assets would be a $.4 million increase (or decrease) in net periodic benefit cost.
     The average rate of compensation increase is utilized principally in calculating the PBO and the net periodic benefit cost. The estimated effect of a 0.5% decrease in each rate of expected compensation increase would be a $1.8 million decrease in the PBO ($.7 million for the domestic plans and $1.1 million for the foreign plans) and a $.4 million decrease to the net periodic benefit cost. The estimated effect of a 0.5% increase in each rate of expected compensation increase would be a $1.9 million increase in the PBO ($.7 million for the domestic plans and $1.2 million for the foreign plans) and a $.4 million increase to the net periodic benefit cost.
     Our primary pension related assumptions as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 were as follows:
 
                   
Actuarial Assumptions as of December 31,   2005   2004
Discount rate:
               
 
Domestic plans
    5.40%       5.50%  
 
Foreign plans
    4.00%       5.00%  
 
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets:
               
 
Domestic plans
    7.00%       7.00%  
 
Foreign plans
    6.00%       6.00%  
 
Rate of compensation increase:
               
 
Domestic plans
    4.50%       4.50%  
 
Foreign plans
    3.00%       3.00%  
     In order to determine the 2006 net periodic benefit cost, the Company expects to use the December 31, 2005 discount rates, rates of compensation increase assumptions and expected long-term returns on domestic and foreign plan assets. The estimated impact of the changes to the assumptions as noted in the table above on our 2006 net periodic benefit cost is a net increase of approximately $1 million.
INCOME TAXES ON UNDISTRIBUTED EARNINGS OF FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES
Our policy is to evaluate annually if we will repatriate non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings or a portion thereof. It is also part of our policy that any current year or prior year earnings that have not been remitted to the U.S. will continue to be permanently reinvested in non-U.S. countries and as such, meets the indefinite reversal criteria of APB No. 23. As of December 31, 2005, we have approximately $482 million of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Since our intent is to reinvest the prior year earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries indefinitely that have not been remitted, we have not provided deferred taxes in our financial statements for any future repatriation in accordance with APB No. 23, “Accounting for Income Taxes-Special Areas.”
     We believe that the accounting policy to indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries is a critical accounting policy because: (1) any change or deviation from that policy could trigger additional tax expense for us that is not provided for in the financial statements today thus increasing our overall effective tax rate, reducing earnings per share and reducing cash flow; and (2) a majority of our $117.6 million in cash and equivalents is located outside of the U.S. The policy to reinvest earnings of our foreign subsidiaries indefinitely is a critical accounting policy for the company as a whole and does not directly impact either of our segments.
     In 2005, we decided to repatriate a portion (approximately $12 million) of non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings, which will be distributed in 2006. We have provided for additional taxes of approximately $.6 million in 2005 for this repatriation. The remainder of the 2005 non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings is expected to be permanently reinvested. Currently we have no future plans to repatriate any past or future foreign earnings other than the $12 million mentioned above. However, if a significant short-term liquidity crisis were to arise, it would be reasonably likely that we would have to consider repatriating some or all of our cash to the U.S.
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     Calculating the effect of taxes on repatriated foreign earnings is extremely complex. Taxes have to reflect the expected form of repatriation (generally, dividend, sale or liquidation, or loan to the parent). The form of repatriation will result in different characteristics of income (ordinary versus capital gain) or different amounts of deemed-paid foreign tax credits available.
OUTLOOK
We anticipate that sales of our products to all of the markets we serve excluding changes in exchange rates will increase in 2006. However pricing continues to be competitive in most of the markets we serve. With our recent acquisitions and new product introductions, we believe we are well positioned in 2006.
     We expect raw material prices to remain at the current high levels in 2006. Our ability to pass on any increase in raw material costs to our customers depends on competitive forces in the marketplace. Delays or difficulties encountered with passing on price increases to our customers could have a negative impact on our 2006 anticipated results.
     We use specific plastic resin for certain of our pharmaceutical products. These specific resins are approved by the customers and by various government agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States when the customer is obtaining approval to market its product. Should these plastic resins become unavailable to purchase on the market, we could suffer a delay in shipping product to pharmaceutical customers. We are not aware of any potential shortages of specific resins used in the pharmaceutical market for the foreseeable future.
     We are anticipating gains in productivity and cost savings to partially offset certain price declines and cost increases. Should we be unable to attain these productivity gains and cost savings, our results could be negatively impacted.
     Due to the fixed cost nature of our businesses, particularly in Europe, it is difficult to reduce costs fast enough to offset a decline in business. As such, sudden significant decreases in business may have a significant impact on our results of operations.
     The U.S. dollar has strengthened compared to the Euro in 2005. Since a majority of our sales are denominated in Euros, a weakening Euro will have a negative impact on the translation of our Euro denominated financial statements into U.S. dollars. However, as we have mentioned before, we are a net importer of products produced in European countries with Euro based costs, into the U.S. and sold in U.S. dollars. A strengthening U.S. dollar compared to the Euro makes imported European produced products less expensive, thereby increasing operating margins. The net impact of the strengthening U.S. dollar is difficult to predict or estimate, but it is likely that any negative impact achieved from translating Euro denominated financial statements into U.S. dollars may be largely offset by the improvement in operating margins on imported products.
     We expect the annual effective tax rate for 2006 to be approximately 32% compared to a rate of 29.5% for 2005.
     As mentioned previously in accordance with the adoption of a new accounting standard in the first quarter of 2006, we will begin to reflect non-cash expenses associated with stock options. We estimate that the full year impact of stock option costs based on current assumptions to be approximately $.24 per diluted share. We estimate approximately $.13 per diluted share will be recorded in the first quarter and expect to record the remaining amount ratably over the remaining quarters of the year.
     We are anticipating diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2006 to be in the range of $.53 to $.58 per share including the impact of expensing employee stock option costs, compared to $.60 per share recorded in the prior year first quarter.
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis and certain other sections of this Form 10-K contain forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are based on our beliefs as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to us. Accordingly, our actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to known or unknown risks and uncertainties that exist in our operations and business environment, including but not limited to:
  difficulties in product development and uncertainties related to the timing or outcome of product development;
  the cost and availability of raw materials (particularly resin);
  our ability to increase prices;
  our ability to contain costs and improve productivity;
  our ability to meet future cash flow estimates to support our goodwill impairment testing;
  direct or indirect consequences of acts of war or terrorism;
  difficulties in complying with government regulation;
  competition (particularly from Asia) and technological change;
  our ability to protect and defend our intellectual property rights;
  the timing and magnitude of capital expenditures;
  our ability to successfully integrate our recent acquisitions and our ability to identify potential new acquisitions and to successfully acquire and integrate such operations or products;
  significant fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
  economic and market conditions worldwide;
  changes in customer spending levels;
  work stoppages due to labor disputes;
  the timing and recognition of the costs of the workforce redeployment program in France;
  the demand for existing and new products;
  significant product liability claims;
  other risks associated with our operations.
     Although we believe that our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that actual results, performance or achievements will not differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
22 /ATR
2005 Form 10-K


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ITEM 7A.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
MARKET RISKS
A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial condition and results of operations of our entities. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the Euro, but we also have foreign exchange exposure to South American and Asian currencies, among others. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar has a dilutive effect.
     Additionally, in some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. Any changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales may impact our results of operations.
     We manage our exposures to foreign exchange principally with forward exchange contracts to hedge certain firm purchase and sales commitments and intercompany cash transactions denominated in foreign currencies.
     The table below provides information, as of December 31, 2005, about our forward currency exchange contracts. All the contracts expire before the end of the fourth quarter of 2006.
                 
In thousands
 
    Average
Year Ended December 31, 2005   Contractual
Buy/Sell   Contract Amount   Exchange Rate
Euro/ U.S. Dollar
  $ 34,502       1.2040  
Swiss Francs/ Euro
    9,708       0.6498  
Canadian Dollar/ Euro
    6,806       0.6764  
U.S. Dollar/ Euro
    5,327       0.8400  
Euro/ Japanese Yen
    2,365       138.2718  
Euro/ British Pound
    1,874       0.6817  
U.S. Dollar/ Mexican Peso
    1,622       11.4067  
Euro/ Indonesian Rupiah
    1,443       12617.6623  
British Pound/ Euro
    1,184       1.4731  
Chinese Yuan/ Japanese Yen
    1,102       14.4035  
U.S. Dollar/ Indian Rupe
    1,000          
Other
    4,374          
       
Total
  $ 71,307          
             
     The other contracts in the above table represent contracts to buy or sell various other currencies (principally European, South American and Australian). As of December 31, 2005, we have recorded the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $317 thousand in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the balance sheet. All forward exchange contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2004 had an aggregate contract amount of $64.1 million.
     At December 31, 2005, we had a fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreement with a notional principal value of $25 million, which requires us to pay a variable interest rate (which was 4.5% at December 31, 2005) and receive a fixed rate of 6.6%. The variable rate is adjusted semiannually based on London Interbank Offered Rates (“LIBOR”). Variations in market interest rates would produce changes in our net income. If interest rates increase by 100 basis points, net income related to the interest rate swap agreement would decrease by less than $.2 million, assuming a tax rate of 32%. As of December 31, 2005, we recorded the fair value of the fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreement of $1.5 million in miscellaneous other assets with an offsetting adjustment to debt. No gain or loss was recorded in the income statement in 2005 since there was no hedge ineffectiveness.
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ITEM 8.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
AptarGroup, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                   
In thousands, except per share amounts
 
December 31,   2005   2004
Assets
               
Current Assets:
               
 
Cash and equivalents
  $ 117,635     $ 170,368  
 
Accounts and notes receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $10,356 in 2005 and $9,952 in 2004
    260,175       266,894  
 
Inventories
    184,241       189,349  
 
Prepayments and other
    43,240       34,618  
       
      605,291       661,229  
       
Property, Plant and Equipment:
               
 
Buildings and improvements
    201,194       196,592  
 
Machinery and equipment
    1,058,684       1,073,173  
       
      1,259,878       1,269,765  
 
Less: Accumulated depreciation
    (735,659 )     (747,787 )
       
      524,219       521,978  
 
Land
    12,601       12,784  
       
      536,820       534,762  
       
Other Assets:
               
 
Investments in affiliates
    5,050       12,409  
 
Goodwill
    184,763       140,239  
 
Intangible assets
    16,927       14,472  
 
Miscellaneous
    8,468       10,915  
       
      215,208       178,035  
       
Total Assets
  $ 1,357,319     $ 1,374,026  
             
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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2005 Form 10-K


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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                   
In thousands, except per share amounts
 
December 31,   2005   2004
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
Current Liabilities:
               
 
Notes payable
  $ 97,650     $ 56,428  
 
Current maturities of long-term obligations
    4,453       6,864  
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    218,659       213,569  
       
      320,762       276,861  
       
 
Long-Term Obligations
    144,541       142,581  
       
 
Deferred Liabilities and Other:
               
 
Deferred income taxes
    45,056       45,169  
 
Retirement and deferred compensation plans
    31,023       26,673  
 
Deferred and other non-current liabilities
    1,849       2,313  
 
Commitments and contingencies
           
 
Minority interests
    4,700       7,232  
       
      82,628       81,387  
       
 
Stockholders’ Equity:
               
 
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 1 million shares authorized, none outstanding
           
 
Common stock, $.01 par value, 99 million shares authorized, and 38.6 and 38.2 million issued at 2005 and 2004, respectively
    386       382  
 
Capital in excess of par value
    162,863       148,722  
 
Retained earnings
    771,304       695,901  
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    24,289       120,323  
 
Less: Treasury stock at cost, 3.7 million and 2.6 million shares in 2005 and 2004, respectively
    (149,454 )     (92,131 )
       
      809,388       873,197  
       
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
  $ 1,357,319     $ 1,374,026  
             
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
25 /ATR
2005 Form 10-K


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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
                           
In thousands, except per share amounts
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
 
Net Sales
  $ 1,380,009     $ 1,296,608     $ 1,114,689  
             
 
Operating Expenses:
                       
 
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation shown below)
    927,585       866,865       732,038  
 
Selling, research & development and administrative
    203,389       194,366       172,854  
 
Depreciation and amortization
    99,242       94,493       85,851  
             
      1,230,216       1,155,724       990,743  
             
 
Operating Income
    149,793       140,884       123,946  
             
 
Other Income (Expense):
                       
 
Interest expense
    (12,144 )     (10,012 )     (9,846 )
 
Interest income
    3,004       4,255       2,945  
 
Equity in results of affiliates
    1,646       1,323       928  
 
Minority interests
    342       (383 )     (250 )
 
Miscellaneous, net
    (688 )     1,110       (453 )
             
      (7,840 )     (3,707 )     (6,676 )
             
Income Before Income Taxes
    141,953       137,177       117,270  
 
Provision For Income Taxes
    41,919       43,890       37,591  
             
 
Net Income
  $ 100,034     $ 93,287     $ 79,679  
                   
 
Net Income Per Common Share
                       
 
Basic
  $ 2.84     $ 2.58     $ 2.21  
                   
 
Diluted
  $ 2.77     $ 2.51     $ 2.16  
                   
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
26 /ATR
2005 Form 10-K


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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                             
In thousands
 
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
                       
 
Net income
  $ 100,034     $ 93,287     $ 79,679  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:
                       
   
Depreciation
    96,693       91,591       83,788  
   
Amortization
    2,549       2,902       2,063  
   
Provision for bad debts
    1,197       1,466       1,772  
   
Redeployment program
    2,323              —  
   
Minority interests
    (342 )     383       250  
   
Deferred income taxes
    (6,244 )     (2,170 )     4,836  
   
Retirement and deferred compensation plans
    4,707       3,483       (7,068 )
   
Equity in results of affiliates in excess of cash distributions received
    (1,498 )     (1,155 )     (789 )
Changes in balance sheet items, excluding effects from foreign currency adjustments:
                       
   
Accounts and notes receivable
    6,020       (6,654 )     (2,526 )
   
Inventories
    (351 )     (14,282 )     (18,504 )
   
Prepaid and other current assets
    (8,455 )     6,875       (7,321 )
   
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    1,824       22       (2,787 )
   
Income taxes payable
    (9,767 )     4,202       2,207  
   
Other changes, net
    5,365       3,275       4,180  
             
Net cash provided by operations
    194,055       183,225       139,780  
             
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
                       
   
Capital expenditures
    (104,428 )     (119,745 )     (77,269 )
   
Disposition of property and equipment
    732       6,852       2,027  
   
Intangible assets
    (1,561 )     (1,736 )     (156 )
   
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
    (89,761 )            —  
   
Disposition of investment in affiliates
    11              —  
   
Collection (issuance) of notes receivable, net
    1,441       (342 )     1,415  
             
Net cash used by investing activities
    (193,566 )     (114,971 )     (73,983 )
             
 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
                       
   
Proceeds from notes payable
    34,108             6,686  
   
Repayments of notes payable
          (32,831 )      
   
Proceeds from long-term obligations
    7,590       25,000        
   
Repayments of long-term obligations
    (8,092 )     (8,990 )     (16,688 )
   
Dividends paid
    (24,631 )     (15,933 )     (9,390 )
   
Proceeds from stock option exercises
    17,544       13,320       9,716  
   
Purchase of treasury stock
    (61,081 )     (55,536 )     (3,156 )
             
Net cash used by financing activities
    (34,562 )     (74,970 )     (12,832 )
             
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash
    (18,660 )     12,102       21,812  
             
Net (decrease)/increase in Cash and Equivalents
    (52,733 )     5,386       74,777  
Cash and Equivalents at Beginning of Period
    170,368       164,982       90,205  
             
Cash and Equivalents at End of Period
  $ 117,635     $ 170,368     $ 164,982  
                   
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosure:
                       
   
Interest paid
  $ 11,958     $ 9,792     $ 9,167  
   
Income taxes paid
    58,800       47,017       31,116  
 
Supplemental Non-cash Financing Activities:
                       
   
Capital lease obligations
  $     $     $ 2,030  
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
27 /ATR
2005 Form 10-K


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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
                                                         
In thousands
         
    Accumulated    
    Other   Common       Capital in
    Comprehensive   Total   Retained   Comprehensive   Stock   Treasury   Excess of
    Income   Equity   Earnings   Income/(Loss)   Par Value   Stock   Par Value
Balance – December 31, 2002:
          $ 594,467     $ 548,258     $ (46,027 )   $ 372     $ (35,135 )   $ 126,999  
 
Net income
  $ 79,679       79,679       79,679                                  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
    110,798       110,798               110,798                          
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax
    937       937               937                          
                                     
Comprehensive income
  $ 191,414                                                  
                                           
Stock option exercises & restricted stock vestings
            9,716                       5               9,711  
Cash dividends declared on common stock
            (9,390 )     (9,390 )                                
Treasury stock purchased
            (3,156 )                             (3,156 )        
                               
Balance – December 31, 2003:
            783,051       618,547       65,708       377       (38,291 )     136,710  
 
Net income
  $ 93,287       93,287       93,287                                  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
    55,771       55,771               55,771                          
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax
    (1,156 )     (1,156 )             (1,156 )                        
                                     
Comprehensive income
  $ 147,902                                                  
                                           
Stock option exercises & restricted stock vestings
            13,713                       5       1,696       12,012  
Cash dividends declared on common stock
            (15,933 )     (15,933 )                                
Treasury stock purchased
            (55,536 )                             (55,536 )        
                               
Balance – December 31, 2004:
            873,197       695,901       120,323       382       (92,131 )     148,722  
 
Net income
  $ 100,034       100,034       100,034                                  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
    (94,653 )     (94,653 )             (94,653 )                        
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax
    (1,381 )     (1,381 )             (1,381 )                        
                                     
Comprehensive income
  $ 4,000                                                  
                                           
Stock option exercises & restricted stock vestings
            17,903                       4       3,758       14,141  
Cash dividends declared on common stock
            (24,631 )     (24,631 )                                
Treasury stock purchased
            (61,081 )                             (61,081 )        
                               
Balance — December 31, 2005:
          $ 809,388     $ 771,304     $ 24,289     $ 386     $ (149,454 )   $ 162,863  
                                           
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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AptarGroup, Inc.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Amounts in thousands unless otherwise indicated)
NOTE 1    SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF BUSINESS
AptarGroup, Inc. is an international company that designs, manufactures and sells consumer product dispensing systems. The Company focuses on providing value-added components to a variety of global consumer product marketers in the personal care, fragrance/cosmetic, pharmaceutical, household and food/beverage industries. The Company has manufacturing facilities located throughout the world including North America, Europe, Asia and South America.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AptarGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. The terms “AptarGroup” or “Company” as used herein refer to AptarGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). This process requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
CASH MANAGEMENT
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at cost, which is lower than market. Costs included in inventories are raw materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. The costs of certain domestic and foreign inventories are determined by using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method, while the remaining inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
INVESTMENTS IN AFFILIATED COMPANIES
The Company accounts for its investments in 20% to 50% owned affiliated companies using the equity method. These investments are in companies that manufacture and distribute products similar to the Company’s products. The Company received dividends from affiliated companies of $148, $168, and $139 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company has approximately $3.9 million included in its December 31, 2005 consolidated retained earnings, which represent undistributed earnings of affiliated companies accounted for by the equity method.
PROPERTY AND DEPRECIATION
Properties are stated at cost. Depreciation is determined on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives for financial reporting purposes and accelerated methods for income tax reporting. Generally, the estimated useful lives are 25 to 40 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 10 years for machinery and equipment.
FINITE-LIVED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Finite-lived intangibles, consisting of patents, non-compete agreements and license agreements acquired in purchase transactions, are capitalized and amortized over their useful lives which range from 3 to 20 years.
GOODWILL AND INDEFINITE-LIVED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Management believes the excess purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired (“Goodwill”) in purchase transactions has continuing value. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets must be tested annually, or as circumstances dictate, for impairment. Management has performed an analysis of the fair values of its reporting units at December 31, 2005. The fair values of the reporting units exceeded the carrying values and, therefore, no impairment of goodwill was recorded in 2005, 2004 or 2003.
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IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and finite-lived intangibles, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset (if any) are less than the carrying value of the asset. When impairment is identified, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its fair value.
DERIVATIVES INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Derivative financial instruments are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value as either assets or liabilities. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded in each period in earnings or accumulated other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated and effective as part of a hedge transaction.
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. These costs amounted to $45,737, $41,890 and $34,714 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The 2003 amount includes $1,250 of acquired intellectual property (patents, licenses and know how) described in Note 17.
INCOME TAXES
The Company computes taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations of the many taxing authorities where the income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities may vary substantially. Taxable income may differ from pretax income for financial accounting purposes. To the extent that these differences create differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the financial statements, an appropriate provision for deferred income taxes is made.
     Except as noted below, the Company has the expressed intention to reinvest the undistributed earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries, which meets the indefinite reversal criteria of Accounting Principles Board Opinion Number 23, “Accounting or Income Taxes-Special Areas” (“APB 23”). A provision has not been made for U.S. or additional foreign taxes on $482,114 of undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries, which has been designated as permanently reinvested as of December 31, 2005. These earnings will continue to be reinvested indefinitely and could become subject to additional tax if they were remitted as dividends or lent to a U.S. affiliate, or if the Company should sell its stock in the subsidiaries. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of additional tax that might be payable on these undistributed non-U.S. earnings. However, the Company will continue to evaluate annually if it will repatriate non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings or a portion thereof. In 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company decided to repatriate a portion of non-U.S. subsidiary current year earnings in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. See Note 5 for more information.
TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES
The functional currencies of all the Company’s foreign operations are the local currencies. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange on the balance sheet date. Sales and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The related translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate section of stockholders’ equity. Realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reflected in income, as a component of miscellaneous income and expense, and represented a loss of $1,269 in 2005, a gain of $412 in 2004 and a loss of $490 in 2003.
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
At December 31, 2005, the Company has stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 13. The Company accounts for those plans under the recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related Interpretations. No stock-based employee compensation cost is reflected in net income, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure,” to stock-based employee compensation.
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Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Net income, as reported
  $ 100,034     $ 93,287     $ 79,679  
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects
    (5,852 )     (4,080 )     (4,321 )
             
Pro forma net income
  $ 94,182     $ 89,207     $ 75,358  
                   
 
Earnings per share:
                       
 
Basic – as reported
  $ 2.84     $ 2.58     $ 2.21  
                   
 
Basic – pro forma
  $ 2.68     $ 2.46     $ 2.09  
                   
 
Diluted – as reported
  $ 2.77     $ 2.51     $ 2.16  
                   
 
Diluted – pro forma
  $ 2.60     $ 2.40     $ 2.04  
                   
     SFAS No. 123R upon adoption requires the application of the non-substantive vesting approach, which means that an award is fully vested when the employee’s retention of the award is no longer contingent on providing subsequent service. This would be the case for awards that vest when employees become retirement eligible or awards granted to retirement eligible employees. Had the Company used the non-substantive approach instead of the nominal vesting approach when calculating the effect on net income and earnings per share above, pro forma net income would have increased by approximately $833, $1,023 and $560 for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Product Sales. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin Number 104: Revenue Recognition, the Company’s policy is to recognize revenue from product sales when the title and risk of loss has transferred to the customer, when the Company has no remaining obligations regarding the transaction and when collectibility is reasonably assured. The majority of the Company’s products shipped from the U.S. transfers title and risk of loss when the goods leave the Company’s shipping location. The majority of the Company’s products shipped from Europe transfers title and risk of loss when the goods reach their destination.
Services and Other. The Company occasionally invoices customers for certain services. The Company also receives revenue from other sources such as license or royalty agreements. Revenue is recognized when services are rendered or rights to use assets can be reliably measured and when collectibility is reasonably assured. Service and other revenue is not material to the Company’s results of operations for any of the years presented.
NOTE 2    INVENTORIES
At December 31, 2005 and 2004, approximately 23% and 22%, respectively, of the total inventories are accounted for by the LIFO method. Inventories, by component, consisted of:
 
                 
    2005   2004
Raw materials
  $ 65,644     $ 62,785  
Work-in-process
    41,032       47,130  
Finished goods
    81,105       82,263  
       
Total
    187,781       192,178  
Less LIFO reserve
    (3,540 )     (2,829 )
       
Total
  $ 184,241     $ 189,349  
             
NOTE 3    GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The Company completed its annual analysis of the fair value of its reporting units as of December 31, 2005 using both a discounted cash flow analysis and market multiple approach and has determined that the fair value of its reporting units exceeds the carrying values and, therefore, no impairment of goodwill needs to be recorded.
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The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2005, are as follows by reporting segment:
 
                         
    Dispensing Systems   SeaquistPerfect    
    Segment   Segment   Total
Balance as of January 1, 2005
  $ 138,379     $ 1,860     $ 140,239  
Acquisitions (See Note 19)
    31,608       22,264       53,872  
Foreign currency exchange effects
    (6,665 )     (2,683 )     (9,348 )
             
Balance as of December 31, 2005
  $ 163,322     $ 21,441     $ 184,763  
                   
The table below shows a summary of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
 
                                                           
        2005   2004
    Weighted        
    Average   Gross        
    Amortization   Carrying       Gross    
    Period   Amount   Accumulated   Net   Carrying   Accumulated   Net
    Years)       Amortization   Value   Amount   Amortization   Value
Amortized intangible assets:
                                                       
 
Patents
    15     $ 15,079     $ (7,471 )   $ 7,608     $ 17,852     $ (8,259 )   $ 9,593  
 
License agreements and other
    6       14,971       (6,171 )     8,800       9,598       (5,258 )     4,340  
                                           
      11       30,050       (13,642 )     16,408       27,450       (13,517 )     13,933  
                                           
Unamortized intangible assets:
                                                       
 
Minimum pension liability
            519             519       539             539  
                                           
              519             519       539             539  
                                           
Total intangible assets
          $ 30,569     $ (13,642 )   $ 16,927     $ 27,989     $ (13,517 )   $ 14,472  
                                           
     The Company spent approximately $1.1 million for intangible assets in 2005. These intangible assets related primarily to license agreements for new dispensing technology. The license agreements are amortized on a straight-line basis between 5 and 7 years depending on the agreements.
     Aggregate amortization expense for the intangible assets above for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $2,549, 2,902 and 2,063, respectively.
     Estimated amortization expense for the years ending December 31 is as follows:
         
2006
  $ 3,012  
2007
  $ 2,988  
2008
  $ 2,928  
2009
  $ 2,446  
2010
  $ 1,850  
     Future amortization expense may fluctuate depending on changes in foreign currency rates. The estimates for amortization expense noted above are based upon foreign exchange rates as of December 31, 2005.
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NOTE 4    ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES
At December 31, 2005 and 2004, accounts payable and accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
 
                 
    2005   2004
Accounts payable, principally trade
  $ 102,127     $ 103,716  
Accrued employee compensation costs
    47,928       47,903  
Unearned Income
    20,253       12,334  
Other accrued liabilities
    48,351       49,616  
       
Total
  $ 218,659     $ 213,569  
             
NOTE 5    INCOME TAXES
Income before income taxes consists of:
 
                         
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Domestic
  $ 31,627     $ 25,726     $ 18,123  
Foreign
    110,326       111,451       99,147  
             
Total
  $ 141,953     $ 137,177     $ 117,270  
                   
The provision for income taxes is comprised of:
 
                           
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Current:
                       
 
Federal
  $ 10,925     $ 9,501     $ 1,151  
 
State/ Local
    832       1,104       746  
 
Foreign
    36,406       35,455       30,858  
             
      48,163       46,060       32,755  
             
Deferred:
                       
 
Federal/ State
    (2,249 )     (1,532 )     4,911  
 
Foreign
    (3,995 )     (638 )     (75 )
             
      (6,244 )     (2,170 )     4,836  
             
Total
  $ 41,919     $ 43,890     $ 37,591  
                   
The difference between the actual income tax provision and the tax provision computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 35.0% in 2005, 2004 and 2003 to income before income taxes is as follows:
 
                         
Years Ended December 31,   2005   2004   2003
Income tax at statutory rate
  $ 49,683     $ 48,012     $ 41,044  
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
    179       499       485  
Research & development credits
    (3,078 )     (1,134 )     (1,781 )
Provision for distribution of foreign earnings
    657       350       4,382  
Resolution of foreign tax matters
                (2,248 )
Italian government grant special election
    (1,955 )            
Rate differential on earnings of foreign operations
    (3,269 )     (3,407 )     (4,971 )
Other items, net
    (298 )     (430 )     680  
             
Actual income tax provision
  $ 41,919     $ 43,890     $ 37,591  
                   
Effective income tax rate
    29.5%       32.0%       32.1%  
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Significant deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 are comprised of the following temporary differences:
 
                   
    2005   2004
Deferred Tax Assets:
               
 
Accruals
  $ 14,012     $ 13,625  
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
    1,176       1,268  
 
Foreign tax credit carryforwards
    937       1,852  
 
Asset bases differentials
    1,435       449  
 
Other
    931       992  
       
 
Total gross deferred tax assets
    18,491       18,186  
 
Less valuation allowance
    (1,864 )     (2,870 )
       
 
Net deferred tax assets
    16,627       15,316  
       
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
               
 
Depreciation and amortization
    40,186       39,321  
 
Leases
    6,176       6,512  
 
Stock options
    2,851       3,072  
 
Government grants
          1,277  
 
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries
    592       350  
 
Other
    1,173       1,492  
       
 
Total gross deferred tax liabilities
    50,978       52,024  
       
Net deferred tax liabilities
  $ 34,351     $ 36,708  
             
Research and Development Credit
During 2005, the Company received $1.2 million from the U.S. government in settlement of refund claims filed by the Company in 2004 for research and development expenditures incurred during 2000 through 2002. As part of the tax settlement, all U.S. tax matters of the company are now closed through 2002. The remaining $1.9 million of the total $3.1 million in research and development credits recognized by the Company during 2005 relate to credits earned currently in the U.S. and in France.
Net Operating Loss and Foreign Tax Credit Carryovers
On December 31, 2005, the Company had gross deferred tax assets related to foreign tax loss carryforwards of approximately $1.2 million. Management believes $1.0 million of deferred tax assets relating to the losses within its Swiss operations will not be able to be utilized and has established a valuation allowance for this amount. These losses have a seven year carryover period and $.1 million expired in 2005. Regarding the remaining foreign tax loss carryforwards, based upon the level of historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, and the timing of the reversal of existing deferred tax liabilities, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of these deferred assets.
     The Company has U.S. foreign tax credit (“FTC”) carryforwards of approximately $.8 million at December 31, 2005. These carryforwards expire $.1 million and $.7 million in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Because the Company has the majority of its foreign earnings in higher-taxed countries, management believes the Company will not be able to utilize these carryforwards. A $.8 million valuation allowance against these carryforwards has been established.
Repatriation of Certain Non-U.S. Subsidiary Earnings
In October 2004, the President of the United States signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the “Act”). The Act provides for a one time election for a Company to reduce its taxable income by 85% of certain eligible dividends received from non-U.S. subsidiaries by the end of 2005. In the second quarter of 2005, the Company repatriated approximately $30 million in cash from foreign subsidiaries for which $.4 million of related tax expense was recognized during 2004 in accordance with the Act. Pursuant to the Company’s domestic reinvestment plan, as approved by the Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors, planned uses of the repatriated funds include domestic expenditures relating to research and development, capital asset investments as well as other permitted activities.
     During 2005, the Company provided for additional taxes of $.6 million relating to approximately $12 million of 2005 foreign earnings intended to be remitted in 2006. The remainder of 2005 foreign earnings is expected to be permanently reinvested.
     The Company has not provided for taxes on certain tax-deferred income of a foreign operation. The income arose predominately from government grants. Taxes of approximately $1.7 million would become payable in the event the income would be distributed.
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NOTE 6    DEBT
Average borrowings under unsecured lines of credit were $75.9 million and $64.0 million for 2005 and 2004, respectively, and the average annual interest rate on short-term notes payable, which is included in the notes payable caption under current liabilities of the balance sheet was approximately 4.5% and 2.6% for 2005 and 2004, respectively. There are no compensating balance requirements associated with short-term borrowings. In February of 2004, the Company entered into a five-year $150 million revolving credit facility and terminated a facility that expired on June 30, 2004. Under this credit agreement, interest on borrowings is payable at a rate equal to London Interbank Offered Rates (“LIBOR”) plus an amount based on the financial condition of the Company. The Company is required to pay a fee for this commitment. Commitment or facility fee payments in 2005, 2004 and 2003 were not significant. The amounts used under these agreements were $75.0 million and $43.0 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
     The revolving credit and the senior unsecured debt agreements contain covenants, with which the Company is in compliance, that include certain financial tests, including minimum interest coverage, net worth and maximum borrowings.
     At December 31, the Company’s long-term obligations consisted of the following:
                 
 
    2005   2004
Notes payable 0.5% – 15.0%, due in monthly and annual installments through 2015
  $ 7,556     $ 1,732  
Senior unsecured notes 7.1%, due in installments through 2005
          3,572  
Senior unsecured notes 6.6%, due in installments through 2011
    108,470       109,832  
Senior unsecured notes 5.1%, due in 2011
    25,000       25,000  
Mortgages payable at 2.1% – 5.6% due in monthly and annual installments through 2008
    484       1,284  
Capital lease obligations
    7,484       8,025  
       
      148,994       149,445  
Current maturities of long-term obligations
    (4,453 )     (6,864 )
       
Total long-term obligations
  $ 144,541     $ 142,581  
             
     Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for long-term obligations with similar terms and average maturities, the fair value of the Company’s long-term obligations approximates its book value.
     Aggregate long-term maturities, excluding capital lease obligations, which is discussed in Note 7, due annually for the five years and thereafter beginning in 2006 are $1,957, $23,128, $22,904, $22,691, $21,808 and $49,022 thereafter.
NOTE 7    LEASE COMMITMENTS
The Company leases certain warehouse, plant, and office facilities as well as certain equipment under noncancelable operating and capital leases expiring at various dates through the year 2018. Most of the operating leases contain renewal options and certain equipment leases include options to purchase during or at the end of the lease term. The Company has an option on one building lease to purchase the building during or at the end of the term of the lease, which expires in 2008, at approximately the amount expended by the lessor for the purchase of the building and improvements, which was the fair value of the facility at the inception of the lease. This lease has been accounted for as an operating lease. If the Company exercises its option to purchase the building, the Company would account for this transaction as a capital expenditure. If the Company does not exercise the purchase option by the end of the lease in 2008, the Company would be required to pay an amount not to exceed $9.5 million and would receive certain rights to the proceeds from the sale of the related property. As the value of the rights to be obtained relating to this property is expected to exceed the amount paid if the purchase option is not exercised, the potential payment is not included in the following table of future minimum operating lease payments and no contingent liability has been recorded in the financial statements as of December 31, 2005. Amortization expense related to capital leases is included in depreciation expense. Rent expense under operating leases (including taxes, insurance and maintenance when included in the rent) amounted to $16,831, $18,188 and $15,839 in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
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     Assets recorded under capital leases consist of:
                 
 
    2005   2004
Buildings
  $ 13,511     $ 16,804  
Machinery and equipment
    6,420       2,392