10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005 Form 10-K for Year Ended December 31, 2005
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Index to Financial Statements

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

 


FORM 10-K

 


 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 000-32261

 


ATP Oil & Gas Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Texas   76-0362774
(State of incorporation)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4600 Post Oak Place, Suite 200

Houston, Texas 77027

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (713) 622-3311

 


Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Name of exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $.001 per share   NASDAQ

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: None

 


Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by Reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2005 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was approximately $426,436,897. The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 9, 2006 was 29,792,934.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Selected portions of ATP Oil & Gas Corporation’s definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2005, are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K.

 



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ATP OIL & GAS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

2005 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

            Page

Part I

  6
  Item 1.   Business   6
  Item 1A.   Risk Factors   12
  Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments   19
  Item 2.   Properties   19
  Item 3.   Legal Proceedings   23
  Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders   23

Part II

  25
  Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities   25
  Item 6.   Selected Financial Data   26
  Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   28
  Item 7A.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk   43
  Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data   43
  Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure   43
  Item 9A.   Controls and Procedures   43
  Item 9B.   Other Information   44

Part III

  45
  Item 10.   Directors and Executive Officers of Registrant   45
  Item 11.   Executive Compensation   45
  Item 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters   45
  Item 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions   45
  Item 14.   Principal Accountant Fees and Services   45

Part IV

  46
  Item 15.   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules   46

 

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Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements

As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms “ATP”, “we”, “us”, “our” and similar terms refer to ATP Oil & Gas Corporation and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

This annual report includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions or beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as “forward-looking statements” under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Act of 1934. We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material.

All statements in this document that are not statements of historical fact are forward looking statements. Forward looking statements include, but are not limited to:

 

    projected operating or financial results;

 

    timing and expectations of financing activities;

 

    budgeted or projected capital expenditures;

 

    expectations regarding our planned expansions and the availability of acquisition opportunities;

 

    statements about the expected drilling of wells and other planned development activities;

 

    expectations regarding oil and natural gas markets in the United States, United Kingdom and the Netherlands; and

 

    estimates of quantities of our proved reserves and the present value thereof, and timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas.

When used in this document, the words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “may,” “should,” and “expect” reflect forward-looking statements.

There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward looking statements. Some of the key factors which could cause actual results to vary from those expected include:

 

    the volatility in oil and natural gas prices;

 

    the timing of planned capital expenditures;

 

    the timing of and our ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms;

 

    our ability to identify and acquire additional properties necessary to implement our business strategy and our ability to finance such acquisitions;

 

    the inherent uncertainties in estimating proved reserves and forecasting production results;

 

    operational factors affecting the commencement or maintenance of producing wells, including catastrophic weather related damage, unscheduled outages or repairs, or unanticipated changes in drilling equipment costs or rig availability;

 

    the condition of the capital markets generally, which will be affected by interest rates, foreign currency fluctuations and general economic conditions;

 

    cost and other effects of legal and administrative proceedings, settlements, investigations and claims, including environmental liabilities which may not be covered by indemnity or insurance;

 

    the political and economic climate in the foreign or domestic jurisdictions in which we conduct oil and gas operations, including risk of war or potential adverse results of military or terrorist actions in those areas; and

 

    other United States, United Kingdom or Netherlands regulatory or legislative developments which affect the demand for natural gas or oil generally increase the environmental compliance cost for our production wells or impose liabilities on the owners of such wells.

 

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CERTAIN DEFINITIONS

As used herein, the following terms have specific meanings as set forth below:

 

        Bbls    Barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons
        Bcf   

Billion cubic feet

        Bcfe   

Billion cubic feet equivalent

        MBbls   

Thousand barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons

        Mcf   

Thousand cubic feet of natural gas

        Mcfe   

Thousand cubic feet equivalent

        MMBbls   

Million barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons

        MMBtu   

Million British thermal units

        MMcf   

Million cubic feet of natural gas

        MMcfe   

Million cubic feet equivalent

        MMBoe   

Million barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons equivalent

        SEC   

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

        U.S.   

United States

        U.K.   

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Crude oil and other liquid hydrocarbons are converted into cubic feet of gas equivalent based on six Mcf of gas to one barrel of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.

Development well is a well drilled within the proved area of an oil or natural gas field to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.

Dry hole is a well found to be incapable of producing hydrocarbons in sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such production exceed production expenses and taxes.

Exploratory well is a well drilled to find and produce oil or natural gas reserves in an unproved area, to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of oil or gas in another reservoir, or to extend a known reservoir.

Farm-in or farm-out is an agreement whereby the owner of a working interest in an oil and gas lease or license assigns the working interest or a portion thereof to another party who desires to drill on the leased or licensed acreage. Generally, the assignee is required to drill one or more wells in order to earn its interest in the acreage. The assignor usually retains a royalty or reversionary interest in the lease. The interest received by an assignee is a “farm-in,” while the interest transferred by the assignor is a “farm-out.”

Field is an area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature or stratigraphic condition.

PV10 is the pre-tax present value, discounted at 10% per year, of estimated future net revenues from the production of proved reserves, computed by applying sales prices in effect as of the dates of such estimates and held constant throughout the productive life of the reserves (except for consideration of price changes to the extent provided by contractual arrangements), and deducting the estimated future costs to be incurred in developing, producing and abandoning the proved reserves (computed based on current costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions).

Productive well is a well that is producing or is capable of production, including natural gas wells awaiting pipeline connections to commence deliveries and oil wells awaiting connection to production facilities.

Proved reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and gas which geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, can be recovered in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reservoirs are considered proved if shown to be economically producible by either actual production or conclusive formation tests. See Regulation S-X, Rule 4-10(a)(2), (3) and (4), (Reg. § 210.4-10) available on the Internet at www.sec.gov/about/forms/regs-x.pdf.

 

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Proved developed reserves are the portion of proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.

Proved undeveloped reserves are the portion of proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion.

Working interest is the operating interest that gives the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct operating activities on the property and a share of production.

Workover is operations on a producing well to restore or increase production.

 

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

General

ATP Oil & Gas Corporation was incorporated in Texas in 1991. We are engaged in the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties in the Gulf of Mexico and the U.K. and Dutch Sectors of the North Sea (the “North Sea”). We primarily focus our efforts on oil and natural gas properties where previous drilling has encountered reservoirs that appear to contain commercially productive quantities of oil and gas. Many of these properties contain proved undeveloped reserves that are economically attractive to us but are not strategic to major or exploration-oriented independent oil and natural gas companies. Occasionally we will acquire properties with proved producing reserves. Our management team has extensive engineering, geological, geophysical, technical and operational expertise in successfully developing and operating properties in both our current and planned areas of operation.

At December 31, 2005, we had estimated net proved reserves of 527.5 Bcfe, of which approximately 295.5 Bcfe (56%) was in the North Sea and 232.0 Bcfe (44%) was in the Gulf of Mexico. Year-end reserves were comprised of 353.1 Bcf of natural gas (67%) and 29.1 MMBbls of oil (33%). The majority of our oil reserves (61%) and natural gas reserves (54%) are located in the North Sea with the balance located in the Gulf of Mexico. The estimated pre-tax PV10 of our proved reserves at December 31, 2005 was $2.7 billion. See “Item 2. Properties – Oil and Natural Gas Reserves” for a reconciliation to after-tax PV10.

At December 31, 2005, we had leasehold and other interests in 76 offshore blocks, 53 platforms and 147 wells, including 11 subsea wells, in the Gulf of Mexico. We operate 125 (85%) of these wells, including all of the subsea wells, and 87% of our offshore platforms. We also had interests in 10 blocks and 2 company-operated subsea wells in the North Sea. Our average working interest in our properties at December 31, 2005 was approximately 75%. For more information regarding our operations and assets in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea, see Note 14, “Segment Information,” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Our Business Strategy

Our business strategy is to enhance shareholder value primarily through the acquisition, development and production of properties that we believe contain oil and natural gas in commercial quantities in areas that have:

 

    significant undeveloped reserves or reservoirs;

 

    close proximity to developed markets for oil and natural gas;

 

    existing infrastructure of oil and natural gas pipelines and production / processing platforms; and

 

    a relatively stable regulatory environment for offshore oil and natural gas development and production.

We believe our strategy significantly reduces the risks associated with traditional oil and natural gas exploration. Our focus is to acquire properties that have been explored by others and have reservoirs that appear to contain commercially productive quantities of oil and gas. Many of the properties contain proved undeveloped reserves. Occasionally we will acquire properties where previous drilling has encountered reservoirs that appear to contain commercially productive quantities of oil and gas even though the reservoirs do not meet the SEC definition of proved reserves. Some of our acquisitions contain proved producing reserves.

We focus on acquiring properties that have become non-core or non-strategic to their original owners for various reasons. For example, larger oil companies from time to time adjust their capital spending or shift their focus to exploration prospects with greater perceived reserve potential. Also, a company may be unable or unwilling to develop a property before the expiration of the lease and desire to sell the property before it forfeits its lease rights. Some projects may provide lower economic returns after initial exploration to a larger company due to cost structure. Because of our cost structure, expertise in our areas of focus and our ability to develop projects efficiently, these properties may be economically attractive to us.

By focusing on properties that are not strategic to other companies, we are able to minimize up front acquisition costs and concentrate available capital on the development phase of these properties. For the three

 

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year period ending December 31, 2005, we have added 210.7 Bcfe of proved oil and natural gas reserves through acquisitions at a total cost of $70.3 million. Development costs for this same period were approximately $514.0 million.

We focus on developing projects in the shortest time possible between initial significant investment and first revenue generated in order to maximize our rate of return. Since we operate a significant number of the properties in which we acquire a working interest, we are able to influence the timing of a project’s development. We typically initiate new development projects by simultaneously obtaining the various required components such as the pipeline and the production platform or subsea well completion equipment. We believe this strategy, combined with our ability to evaluate and implement a project’s requirements, allows us to efficiently complete the development project and commence production quickly.

Our Strengths

 

    Low Acquisition Cost Structure. We believe that our focus on acquiring properties with minimal cash investment for the proved undeveloped component allows us to pursue the acquisition of properties with minimal capital at risk.

 

    Technical Expertise and Significant Experience. We have assembled a technical staff with an average of over 24 years of industry experience. Our technical staff has specific expertise in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea offshore property development, including the implementation of subsea completion technology.

 

    Operating Control. As the operator of a property, we are afforded greater control of the selection of completion and production equipment, the timing and amount of capital expenditures and the operating parameters and costs of the project. As of December 31, 2005, we operated all of our properties under development, all of our subsea wells and 87% of our offshore platforms.

 

    Employee Ownership. Through employee ownership, we have assembled a staff whose business decisions are aligned with the interests of our shareholders. As of March 9, 2006, our executive officers and directors own approximately 35% of our common stock.

 

    Inventory of Projects. We have a substantial inventory of properties to develop in both the Gulf of Mexico and in the North Sea.

Marketing and Delivery Commitments

We sell our oil and natural gas production under price sensitive or market price contracts. Our revenues, profitability and future growth depend substantially on prevailing prices for oil and natural gas. The price received by us for our oil and natural gas production can fluctuate widely. Changes in the prices of oil and natural gas will affect the carrying value of our proved reserves as well as our revenues, profitability and cash flow. Although we are not currently experiencing any significant involuntary curtailment of our natural gas or oil production, market, economic and regulatory factors may in the future materially affect our ability to sell our natural gas or oil production.

We sell a portion of our oil and natural gas to end users through various non-affiliated gas marketing companies. Historically, we have sold our oil and natural gas to a relatively few number of purchasers. However, we are not dependent upon, or confined to, any one purchaser or small group of purchasers. Due to the nature of oil and natural gas markets and because oil and natural gas are commodities and there are numerous purchasers in the areas in which we sell production, we do not believe the loss of a single purchaser, or a few purchasers, would materially affect our ability to sell our production.

Competition

We compete with major and independent oil and natural gas companies for property acquisitions. We also compete for the equipment and labor required to operate and to develop these properties. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources and may be able to sustain wide fluctuations in the economics of our industry more easily than we can. Since we are in a highly regulated industry, they may be able to absorb the burden of any changes in federal, state and local laws and regulations more easily than we can. Our ability to acquire and develop additional properties in the future will depend upon our ability to conduct operations, to evaluate and select suitable properties, to secure adequate financing and to consummate transactions in this highly competitive environment.

 

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Regulation

Gulf of Mexico

Federal Regulation of Sales and Transportation of Natural Gas. Historically, the transportation and sale for resale of natural gas in interstate commerce has been regulated pursuant to the Natural Gas Act of 1938 (“the Natural Gas Act”), the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) regulations. In the past, the federal government has regulated the prices at which natural gas could be sold. Deregulation of natural gas sales by producers began with the enactment of the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978. In 1989, Congress enacted the Natural Gas Wellhead Decontrol Act, which removed all remaining Natural Gas Act and Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 price and non-price controls affecting producer sales of natural gas effective January 1, 1993.

Our sales of natural gas are affected by the availability, terms and cost of pipeline transportation. The price and terms for access to pipeline transportation are subject to extensive federal regulation. The FERC requires interstate pipelines to provide open-access transportation on a not unduly discriminatory basis for all natural gas shippers. The FERC frequently reviews and modifies its regulations regarding the transportation of natural gas, with the stated goal of fostering competition within all phases of the natural gas industry. We cannot predict what further action the FERC will take with regard to its regulations and open-access policies, nor can we accurately predict whether the FERC’s actions will achieve the goal of increasing competition in markets in which our natural gas is sold. However, we do not believe that any action taken will affect us in a way that materially differs from the way it affects other natural gas producers, gatherers and marketers.

The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, which the FERC implements with regard to transportation and pipeline issues, requires that all pipelines operating on or across the Outer Continental Shelf provide open-access, non-discriminatory service. There are currently no regulations implemented by FERC under its Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act authority on gatherers and other entities outside the reach of its Natural Gas Act jurisdiction. The Minerals Management Service, or MMS, has asked for comments on whether it should implement regulations under its Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act authority on gatherers and other entities to ensure open and non-discriminatory access on gathering systems and production facilities on the Outer Continental Shelf. Although we have no way of knowing whether the MMS will proceed with implementing regulations of this nature, we do not believe that any FERC action taken under its Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act jurisdiction will affect us in a way that materially differs from the way it affects other natural gas producers, gatherers and marketers.

The natural gas industry historically has been very heavily regulated; therefore, there is no assurance that the current regulatory approach by the FERC and Congress will continue. Additional proposals and proceedings that might affect the natural gas industry are pending before Congress, the FERC and the courts.

Federal Leases. A substantial portion of our operations is located on federal oil and natural gas leases, which are administered by the MMS pursuant to the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act. These leases are issued through competitive bidding and contain relatively standardized terms. These leases require compliance with detailed MMS regulations and orders that are subject to interpretation and change by the MMS.

For offshore operations, lessees must obtain MMS approval for exploration, development and production plans prior to the commencement of such operations. In addition to permits required from other agencies such as the Coast Guard, the Army Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Protection Agency, lessees must obtain a permit from the MMS prior to the commencement of drilling. The MMS has promulgated regulations requiring offshore production facilities located on the Outer Continental Shelf to meet stringent engineering and construction specifications. The MMS also has regulations restricting the flaring or venting of natural gas, and has proposed to amend such regulations to prohibit the flaring of liquid hydrocarbons and oil without prior authorization. Similarly, the MMS has promulgated other regulations governing the plugging and abandonment of wells located offshore and the installation and removal of all production facilities.

 

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To cover the various obligations of lessees on the Outer Continental Shelf, the MMS generally requires that lessees have substantial net worth or post bonds or other acceptable assurances that such obligations will be satisfied. The cost of these bonds or assurances can be substantial, and there is no assurance that they can be obtained in all cases. We currently have several supplemental bonds in place. Under some circumstances, the MMS may require any of our operations on federal leases to be suspended or terminated. Any such suspension or termination could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

The MMS also administers the collection of royalties under the terms of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act and the oil and gas leases issued under the Act. The amount of royalties due is based upon the terms of the oil and gas leases as well as of the regulations promulgated by the MMS. The MMS regulations governing the calculation of royalties and the valuation of crude oil produced from federal leases currently rely on arm’s-length sales prices and spot market prices as indicators of value. On May 5, 2004, the MMS issued a final rule that changed certain components of its valuation procedures for the calculation of royalties owed for crude oil sales. The changes include changing the valuation basis for transactions not at arm’s-length from spot to NYMEX prices adjusted for locality and quality differentials, and clarifying the treatment of transactions under a joint operating agreement. We believe this rule will not have a material impact on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

Oil Price Controls and Transportation Rates. Sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids by us are not currently regulated and are made at market prices. In a number of instances, however, the ability to transport and sell such products is dependent on pipelines whose rates, terms and conditions of service are subject to FERC jurisdiction under the Interstate Commerce Act. In other instances, the ability to transport and sell such products is dependent on pipelines whose rates, terms and conditions of service are subject to regulation by state regulatory bodies under state statutes.

Regulated pipelines that transport crude oil, condensate, and natural gas liquids are subject to common carrier obligations that generally ensure non-discriminatory access. With respect to interstate pipeline transportation subject to regulation of the FERC under the Interstate Commerce Act, rates generally must be cost-based, although market-based rates or negotiated settlement rates are permitted in certain circumstances. Pursuant to FERC Order No. 561, issued in October 1993, the FERC implemented regulations generally grandfathering all previously unchallenged interstate pipeline rates and made these rates subject to an indexing methodology. Under this indexing methodology, pipeline rates are subject to changes in the Producer Price Index for Finished Goods. A pipeline can seek to increase its rates above index levels provided that the pipeline can establish that there is a substantial divergence between the actual costs experienced by the pipeline and the rate resulting from application of the index. A pipeline can seek to charge market-based rates if it establishes that it lacks significant market power. In addition, a pipeline can establish rates pursuant to settlement if agreed upon by all current shippers. A pipeline can seek to establish initial rates for new services through a cost-of-service proceeding, a market-based rate proceeding, or through an agreement between the pipeline and at least one shipper not affiliated with the pipeline. As provided for in Order No. 561, the FERC’s indexing methodology is subject to review at five year intervals.

With respect to intrastate crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids pipelines subject to the jurisdiction of state agencies, such state regulation is generally less rigorous than the regulation of interstate pipelines. State agencies have generally not investigated or challenged existing or proposed rates in the absence of shipper complaints or protests. Complaints or protests have been infrequent and are usually resolved informally.

We do not believe that the regulatory decisions or activities relating to interstate or intrastate crude oil, condensate, or natural gas liquids pipelines will affect us in a way that materially differs from the way it affects other crude oil, condensate, and natural gas liquids producers or marketers.

Environmental Regulations. Our operations are subject to stringent laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection. These laws and regulations may require the acquisition of a permit before drilling commences, restrict the types, quantities and concentration of various substances that can be released into the environment, and impose substantial liabilities for pollution. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative,

 

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civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of remedial obligations, and the issuance of injunctive relief. Offshore drilling in some areas has been opposed by environmental groups and, in some areas, has been restricted by governmental entities. Moreover, changes in environmental laws and regulations have increased in recent years. Any laws that are enacted or other governmental actions that are taken to prohibit or restrict offshore drilling or to impose more stringent or costly environmental protection requirements could have a material adverse affect on the natural gas and oil industry in general and our offshore operations in particular. While we believe that we are in substantial compliance with current environmental laws and regulations and that continued compliance with existing requirements will not materially affect us, there is no assurance that this trend will continue in the future.

The Oil Pollution Act of 1990, also known as “OPA,” and related regulations impose a variety of regulations on “responsible parties” related to the prevention of oil spills and liability for damages resulting from such spills in U.S. waters. A “responsible party” includes the owner or operator of a facility or vessel, or the lessee or permittee of the area in which an offshore facility is located. The OPA assigns liability to each responsible party for the costs of cleaning up an oil spill and for a variety of public and private damages resulting from a spill. While liability limits apply in some circumstances, a party cannot take advantage of liability limits if the spill was caused by a party’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, a violation of a federal safety, construction or operating regulation, or a failure to report a spill or to cooperate fully in a cleanup. Even if applicable, the liability limits for offshore facilities require the responsible party to pay all removal costs, plus up to $75 million in other damages. Few defenses exist to the liability imposed by the Oil Pollution Act of 1990.

The OPA also requires a responsible party to submit proof of its financial responsibility to cover environmental cleanup and restoration costs that could be incurred in connection with an oil spill. Under this Act, parties responsible for offshore facilities must provide financial assurance of at least $35 million to address oil spills and associated damages, with this financial assurance amount increasing up to $150 million in certain limited circumstances if the MMS determines that a higher amount is warranted. The OPA also imposes other requirements, such as the preparation of an oil spill contingency plan, which we have in place.

We are also regulated by the Clean Water Act, which prohibits any discharge of pollutants into waters of the U.S. except in conformance with discharge permits issued by federal or state agencies. We have obtained, and are in material compliance with, the discharge permits necessary for our operations. We are also subject to similar state and local water quality laws and regulations for any production or drilling activities that occur in state coastal waters. Failure to comply with the ongoing requirements of the Clean Water Act or analogous state laws may subject a responsible party to administrative, civil or criminal enforcement actions.

In addition, the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act authorizes regulations relating to safety and environmental protection applicable to lessees and permittees operating on the Outer Continental Shelf. Specific design and operational standards may apply to Outer Continental Shelf vessels, rigs, platforms and structures. Violations of lease conditions or regulations issued pursuant to the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act can result in substantial civil and criminal penalties, as well as potential court injunctions curtailing operations and the cancellation of leases. Such enforcement liabilities can result from either governmental or private prosecution.

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or “CERCLA,” also known as the “Superfund” law, imposes liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons that are considered to have contributed to the release of a “hazardous substance” into the environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the disposal site or sites where the release occurred and companies that disposed or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances found at the site. Under CERCLA, responsible persons may be subject to joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment and for damages to natural resources, and it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released into the environment. While petroleum and natural gas liquids are specifically excepted from the definition of “hazardous substance,” other wastes generated during oil and gas exploration and production activities may give rise to cleanup liability under CERCLA.

 

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We may also incur liability under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or “RCRA,” which imposes requirements relating to the management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes. While there exists an exclusion from the definition of hazardous wastes for “drilling fluids, produced waters, and other wastes associated with the exploration, development, or production of crude oil, natural gas or geothermal energy,” in the course of our operations, we may generate ordinary industrial wastes, including paint wastes, waste solvents, and waste compressor oils that may be regulated as hazardous substances or hazardous waste. Consequently, we may incur liability for such hazardous substances and hazardous waste under CERCLA, RCRA, and analogous state laws. Under such laws, we could be required to remediate previously disposed wastes or to perform remedial operations to prevent future contamination.

Our operations are also subject to regulation of air emissions under the Clean Air Act and the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act. Implementation of these laws could lead to the imposition of new air pollution control requirements on our operations. Therefore, we may incur capital expenditures over the next several years to upgrade our air pollution control equipment. We could also become subject to similar state and local air quality laws and regulations in the future if we conduct production or drilling activities in state coastal waters. However, we do not believe that our operations would be materially affected by any such requirements, nor do we expect such requirements to be anymore burdensome to us than to other companies our size involved in similar natural gas and oil development and production activities.

North Sea

Regulation of Natural Gas and Oil Production. Pursuant to the Petroleum Act 1998, all natural gas and oil reserves contained in properties located in the U.K. are the property of the U.K. government. The development and production of natural gas and oil reserves in the U.K. Sector - North Sea requires a petroleum production license granted by the U.K. government. Prior to developing a field, we are required to obtain from the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry (the “Secretary of State”) a consent to develop that field. We would be required to obtain the consent of the Secretary of State prior to transferring an interest in a license.

The terms of the U.K. petroleum production licenses are based on model license clauses applicable at the time of the issuance of the license. Licenses frequently contain regulatory provisions governing matters such as working method, pollution and training, and reserve to the Secretary of State the power to direct some of the licensee’s activities. For example, a licensee may be precluded from carrying out development or production activities other than with the consent of the Secretary of State or in accordance with a development plan which the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry has approved. Breach of these requirements may result in the revocation of the license. In addition, licenses that we acquire may require us to pay fees and royalties on production and also impose certain other duties on us.

Our operations in the U.K. are subject to the Petroleum Act 1998, which imposes a health and safety regime on offshore natural gas and oil production activities. The Petroleum Act 1998 also regulates the abandonment of facilities by licensees. In addition, the Mineral Workings (Offshore Installations) Act provides a framework in which the government can impose additional regulations relating to health and safety. Since its enactment, a number of regulations have been promulgated relating to offshore construction and operation of offshore production facilities. Health and safety offshore is further governed by the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and applicable regulations.

Our operations are also subject to environmental laws and regulations imposed by both the European Union and the U.K. government. The offshore industry in the U.K. is regulated with regard to the environment both before activity commences and during the conduct of exploration and production activities. The licensing regime seeks to employ a preventive and precautionary approach. This is evident in the consultation which takes place before a U.K. licensing round begins, whereby the Secretary of State, acting through the Department of Trade and Industry (“DTI”), will consult with various public bodies having responsibility for the environment. Applicants for production licenses are required to submit a statement of the general environmental policy of the operator in respect of the contemplated license activities and a summary of its management systems for implementation of that policy and how those systems will be applied to the proposed work program. In addition, the Offshore Petroleum Production and Pipe-lines (Assessment of Environmental Effects) Regulations 1999, require the Secretary of State to exercise his licensing powers under the Petroleum Act 1998 in such a way to ensure that an environmental assessment is undertaken and considered before consent is given to certain projects.

 

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We believe that our operations in the North Sea are in substantial compliance with current applicable environmental laws and regulations. While we expect that continued compliance with existing environmental requirements will not have a material adverse impact on us, there is no assurance that this trend will continue in the future.

Petroleum production licenses require the prior approval of the Secretary of State of a licensee to act as operator. The operator under a license organizes or supervises all or any of the development and production operations of natural gas and oil properties subject thereto. As an operator, we may obtain operational services from third parties, but will remain fully responsible for the operations as if we conduct them ourselves.

Our operations in the U.K. may entail the construction of offshore pipelines, which are subject to the provisions of the Petroleum Act 1998 and other legislation. The Petroleum Act 1998 requires a license to construct and operate a pipeline in U.K. North Sea, including its continental shelf. Easements to permit the laying of pipelines must be obtained from the Crown Estate Commissioners prior to their construction. We plan to use capacity in existing offshore pipelines in order to transport our gas. However, access to the pipelines of a third party would need to be obtained on a negotiated basis, and there is no assurance that we can obtain access to existing pipelines or, if access is obtained, it may only be on terms that are not favorable to us.

The natural gas we produce may be transported through the U.K.’s onshore national gas transmission system, or NTS. The NTS is owned by a licensed gas transporter, BG Transco plc (“Transco”). The terms on which Transco must transport gas are governed by the Gas Acts of 1986 and 1995, the gas transporter’s license issued to Transco under those Acts and a network code. For us to use the NTS, we must obtain a shipper’s license under the Gas Acts and arrange to have gas transported by Transco within the NTS. We will therefore be subject to the network code, which imposes obligations to payment, gas flow nominations, capacity booking and system imbalance. Applying for and complying with a shipper’s license, and acting as a gas shipper, is expensive and administratively burdensome. Alternatively, we may sell natural gas ‘at the beach’ before it enters the NTS or arrange with an existing gas shipper for them to ship the gas through the NTS on our behalf.

Employees

At December 31, 2005 we had 48 full-time employees in our Houston office, five full-time employees in our London office and two full-time employees in our Netherlands office. None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We regularly use the services of independent consultants and contractors to perform various professional services, particularly in the areas of construction, design, well-site supervision, permitting and environmental assessment. Independent contractors usually perform field and on-site production operation services for us, including gauging, maintenance, dispatching, inspection and well testing.

Available Information

Our Internet website is www.atpog.com and you may access, free of charge, through the Investor Relations portion of our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not part of this report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

You should carefully consider the following risk factors in addition to the other information included in this report. Each of these risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our common stock or other securities.

 

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Our actual development results are likely to differ from our estimates of our proved reserves. We may experience production that is less than estimated and development costs that are greater than estimated in our reserve reports. Such differences may be material.

Estimates of our oil and natural gas reserves and the costs and timing associated with developing these reserves may not be accurate. Development of our reserves may not occur as scheduled and the actual results may not be as estimated. Development activity may result in downward adjustments in reserves or higher than estimated costs.

Our estimates of our proved oil and natural gas reserves and the estimated future net revenues from such reserves are based upon various assumptions, including assumptions required by the SEC relating to oil and natural gas prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. This process requires significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. Therefore, these estimates are inherently imprecise and the quality and reliability of this data can vary.

Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and PV10 of reserves. Our properties may also be susceptible to hydrocarbon drainage from production by other operators on adjacent properties. In addition, we will likely adjust estimates of proved reserves to reflect production history, results of development, prevailing oil and natural gas prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Actual production, revenues, taxes, development expenditures and operating expenses with respect to our reserves may vary materially from our estimates.

Delays in the development of or production curtailment at our material properties may adversely affect our financial position and results of operations.

The size of our operations and our capital expenditure budget limits the number of properties that we can develop in any given year. Complications in the development of any single material well may result in a material adverse affect on our financial condition and results of operations. For instance, during 2003, we experienced unforeseen production delays and increased development costs in connection with the development of our Helvellyn well in the North Sea. In late 2005, we experienced delays and increased development costs in developing our Gomez project in the Gulf of Mexico as a result of hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

In addition, a relatively few number of wells contribute to a substantial portion of our production. If we were to experience operational problems resulting in the curtailment of production in any of these wells, our total production levels would be adversely affected, which would have a material adverse affect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The unavailability or increased cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield services could adversely affect our ability to execute on a timely basis our development plans within our budget.

Shortages or an increase in cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies or personnel could delay or adversely affect our operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In periods of increased drilling activity in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea, we may experience increases in associated costs, including those related to drilling rigs, equipment, supplies and personnel and the services and products of other vendors to the industry. Increased drilling activity in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea also decreases the availability of offshore rigs and associated equipment. These costs may increase further and necessary equipment and services may not be available to us at economical prices.

If we are not able to generate sufficient funds from our operations and other financing sources, we may not be able to finance our planned development activity, acquisitions or service our debt.

We have historically needed and will continue to need substantial amounts of cash to fund our capital expenditure and working capital requirements. Our ongoing capital requirements consist primarily of funding acquisition, development and abandonment of oil and gas reserves and to meet our debt service obligations. Cash paid for capital expenditures for oil and gas properties were approximately $420.5 million, $87.4 million and $83.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Because we have experienced a negative working capital position in past years, we have been dependent on debt and equity financing to meet our working capital requirements that were not funded from operations.

 

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For 2006, we plan to finance anticipated expenses, debt service and acquisition and development requirements with available cash, funds generated from cash provided by operating activities and net cash proceeds from the potential sale of assets, issuance of debt or new equity offerings.

Low commodity prices, production problems, disappointing drilling results and other factors beyond our control could reduce our funds from operations and may restrict our ability to obtain additional financing. Furthermore, we have incurred losses in the past that may affect our ability to obtain financing. In addition, financing may not be available to us in the future on acceptable terms or at all. In the event additional capital is not available, we may curtail our acquisition, drilling, development and other activities or be forced to sell some of our assets on an untimely or unfavorable basis. In addition, we may not be able to pay interest and principal on our debt obligations.

Our debt instruments impose restrictions on us that may affect our ability to successfully operate our business.

In March 2004, we entered into a term loan, which was subsequently amended in September 2004 and again in April 2005 (the “Term Loan”). As amended, the Term Loan provides for an aggregate outstanding principal amount of $350.0 million. The Term Loan matures in March 2010 and is secured by substantially all of our oil and gas assets in the Gulf of Mexico and the U.K. Sector – North Sea and is guaranteed by our wholly owned subsidiaries ATP Energy and ATP Oil & Gas (U.K.) Limited. As of December 31, 2005, we had $347.4 million principal amount outstanding under the Term Loan. The Term Loan contains customary restrictions, including covenants limiting our ability to incur additional debt, grant liens, make investments, consolidate, merge or acquire other businesses, sell assets, pay dividends and other distributions and enter into transactions with affiliates. We also are required to maintain specified financial requirements under the terms of our Term Loan including the following, as defined in the Term Loan:

 

    Current Ratio of 1.0/1.0;

 

    Total Net Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX coverage ratio of not greater than 3.0/1.0 at the end of each quarter;

 

    Consolidated EBITDAX to Consolidated Interest Expense of not less than 2.5/1.0 for any four consecutive fiscal quarters;

 

    Pre-tax PV-10 of our Total Proved Developed Producing Oil and Gas Reserves to Net Debt of at least 0.5/1.0 at June 30 and December 31 of any fiscal year;

 

    Pre-tax PV-10 of our Total Proved Oil and Gas Reserves to Net Debt of at least 2.5/1.0 at June 30 and December 31 of any fiscal year;

 

    the requirement to maintain Commodity Hedging Agreements on no less than 40% nor more than 80% of the next twelve months of forecasted production attributable to our proved producing reserves;

 

    the requirement to maintain a Maximum Leverage Ratio of no more than 3.0/1.0 at the end of any fiscal quarter;

 

    the requirement to maintain a Debt to Reserve Amount of no greater than $2.50 through maturity; provided, however, that if such amount is exceeded at the end of the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2005, the covenant shall be retested at June 30, 2006, and

 

    limit Permitted Business Investments, as defined, to $75.0 million during any fiscal year.

These restrictions may make it difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy or to compete in our industry with companies not similarly restricted. While we were in compliance with all of the financial covenants in our Term Loan at December 31, 2005 and 2004, during 2003 and in February 2004, we were required to obtain waivers for certain of our financial covenants in our prior credit facility. If we are unable to meet the requirements of our Term Loan or any new financial transaction that we may enter into, we may be required to seek waivers from our lenders and there is no assurance that such waivers would be granted.

 

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We have debt, trade payables, preferred stock and related interest and dividend payment requirements that may restrict our future operations and impair our ability to meet our obligations.

Our debt, trade payables, preferred stock and related interest and dividend payment requirements may have important consequences. For instance, they could:

 

    make it more difficult or render us unable to satisfy these or our other financial obligations;

 

    require us to dedicate a substantial portion of any cash flow from operations to the payment of interest and principal due under our debt, which will reduce funds available for other business purposes;

 

    increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

 

    limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

 

    place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to some of our competitors that have less financial leverage; and

 

    limit our ability to obtain additional financing required to fund working capital and capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes.

Our ability to satisfy our obligations and to reduce our total debt depends on our future operating performance and on economic, financial, competitive and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We cannot provide assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flow or that future financings will be available to provide sufficient proceeds to meet these obligations. The successful execution of our business strategy and the maintenance of our economic viability are also contingent upon our ability to meet our financial obligations.

Our Gulf of Mexico properties are subject to rapid production declines. Therefore, we are required to replace our reserves at a faster rate than companies whose onshore reserves have longer production periods. We may not be able to identify or complete the acquisition of properties with sufficient proved reserves to implement our business strategy.

Production of reserves from reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico generally declines more rapidly than production from reservoirs in many other producing regions of the world. While this results in recovery of a relatively higher percentage of reserves from properties in the Gulf of Mexico during the initial years of production, we must incur significant capital expenditures to replace declining production.

We may not be able to identify or complete the acquisition of properties with sufficient reserves or reservoirs to implement our business strategy. As we produce our existing reserves, we must identify, acquire and develop properties through new acquisitions or our level of production and cash flows will be adversely affected. The availability of properties for acquisition depends largely on the divesting practices of other oil and natural gas companies, commodity prices, general economic conditions and other factors that we cannot control or influence. A substantial decrease in the availability of proved oil and gas properties that meet our criteria in our areas of operation, or a substantial increase in the cost to acquire these properties, would adversely affect our ability to replace our reserves.

Oil and natural gas prices are volatile, and low prices have had in the past and could have in the future a material adverse impact on our business.

Our revenues, profitability and future growth and the carrying value of our properties depend substantially on the prices we realize for our oil and natural gas production. Because approximately 67% of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2005 were natural gas reserves, our financial results are more sensitive to movements in natural gas prices. Our realized prices also affect the amount of cash flow available for capital expenditures and our ability to borrow and raise additional capital.

Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have been volatile, and they are likely to continue to be volatile in the future. For example, oil and natural gas prices increased significantly in late 2000 and early 2001 and then steadily declined in 2001, only to climb again in recent years to near all time highs. Among the factors that can cause this volatility are:

 

    worldwide or regional demand for energy, which is affected by economic conditions;

 

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    the domestic and foreign supply of oil and natural gas;

 

    weather conditions;

 

    domestic and foreign governmental regulations;

 

    political conditions in natural gas or oil producing regions;

 

    the ability of members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries to agree upon and maintain oil prices and production levels; and

 

    the price and availability of alternative fuels.

It is impossible to predict oil and natural gas price movements with certainty. Lower oil and natural gas prices may not only decrease our revenues on a per unit basis but also may reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can produce economically. A substantial or extended decline in oil and natural gas prices may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and ability to finance planned capital expenditures. Further, oil prices and natural gas prices do not necessarily move together.

Our price risk management decisions may reduce our potential gains from increases in commodity prices and may result in losses.

As required by our lenders, we periodically utilize financial derivative instruments and fixed price forward sales contracts with respect to a portion of our expected production, generally not less than 40% or more than 80% of such production. These instruments expose us to risk of financial loss if:

 

    production is less than expected for forward sales contracts;

 

    the counterparty to the derivative instrument defaults on its contract obligations; or

 

    there is an adverse change in the expected differential between the underlying price in the financial derivative instrument and the fixed price forward sales contract and actual prices received.

Our results of operations may be negatively impacted in the future by our financial derivative instruments and fixed price forward sales contracts — our fixed forward sales are designated as normal sales under derivative accounting rules — and these instruments may limit any benefit we would receive from increases in the prices for oil and natural gas. For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we realized a loss on settled financial derivatives of $0, $1.2 million and $16.6 million, respectively.

We may incur substantial impairment write-downs.

If management’s estimates of the recoverable reserves on a property are revised downward, if development costs exceed previous estimates or if oil and natural gas prices decline, we may be required to record additional non-cash impairment write-downs in the future, which would result in a negative impact to our financial position. We review our proved oil and gas properties for impairment on a depletable unit basis when circumstances suggest there is a need for such a review. To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, we compare the carrying value of the depletable unit to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property. Future net cash flows are based upon our independent reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. In addition, other factors such as probable and possible reserves are taken into consideration when justified by economic conditions. For each property determined to be impaired, we recognize an impairment loss equal to the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the property on a depletable unit basis. Fair value is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Any impairment charge incurred is recorded in accumulated depreciation, depletion, impairment and amortization to reduce our recorded basis in the asset. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future cash flows and fair value. We recorded no impairments in 2005 and 2004 and an impairment of $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003.

Management’s assumptions used in calculating oil and gas reserves or regarding the future cash flows or fair value of our properties are subject to change in the future. Any change could cause impairment expense to be recorded, impacting our net income or loss and our basis in the related asset. Any change in reserves directly impacts our estimate of future cash flows from the property, as well as the property’s fair value. Additionally, as management’s views related to future prices change, the change will affect the estimate of future net cash flows and the fair value estimates. Changes in either of these amounts will directly impact the calculation of impairment.

 

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The oil and natural gas business involves many uncertainties and operating risks that can prevent us from realizing profits and can cause substantial losses.

Our development activities may be unsuccessful for many reasons, including cost overruns, equipment shortages and mechanical difficulties. Moreover, the successful drilling of a natural gas or oil well does not ensure a profit on investment. A variety of factors, both technical and market-related, can cause a well to become uneconomical or only marginally economic. In addition to their cost, unsuccessful wells can hurt our efforts to replace reserves.

The oil and natural gas business involves a variety of operating risks, including:

 

    fires;

 

    explosions;

 

    blow-outs and surface cratering;

 

    uncontrollable flows of natural gas, oil and formation water;

 

    pipe, cement, subsea well or pipeline failures;

 

    casing collapses;

 

    embedded oil field drilling and service tools;

 

    abnormally pressured formations;

 

    environmental accidents or hazards, such as natural gas leaks, oil spills, pipeline ruptures and discharges of toxic gases; and

 

    hurricanes and other natural disasters.

If we experience any of these problems, it could affect well bores, platforms, gathering systems and processing facilities, which could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations. We could also incur substantial losses in excess of our insurance coverage as a result of:

 

    injury or loss of life;

 

    severe damage to and destruction of property, natural resources and equipment;

 

    pollution and other environmental damage;

 

    clean-up responsibilities;

 

    regulatory investigation and penalties;

 

    suspension of our operations; and

 

    repairs to resume operations.

Offshore operations are also subject to a variety of operating risks peculiar to the marine environment, such as capsizing, collisions and damage or loss from hurricanes or other adverse weather conditions. These conditions can cause substantial damage to facilities and interrupt production. As a result, we could incur substantial liabilities that could reduce or eliminate the funds available for development or leasehold acquisitions, or result in loss of equipment and properties.

Terrorist attacks or similar hostilities may adversely impact our results of operations.

The terrorist attacks that took place in the United States on September 11, 2001 were unprecedented events that have created many economic and political uncertainties, some of which may materially adversely impact our business. Uncertainty surrounding military strikes or a sustained military campaign may affect our operations in unpredictable ways, including disruptions of fuel supplies and markets, particularly oil, and the possibility that infrastructure facilities, including pipelines, production facilities, processing plants and refineries, could be direct targets of, or indirect casualties of, an act of terror or war. The continuation of these developments may subject our operations to increased risks and, depending on their ultimate magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover some liabilities or losses that we may incur.

The occurrence of a significant accident or other event not fully covered by our insurance could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. Our insurance does not protect us against all

 

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operational risks. We do not carry business interruption insurance at levels that would provide enough funds for us to continue operating without access to other funds. For some risks, we may not obtain insurance if we believe the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. Because third party contractors and other service providers are used in our offshore operations, we may not realize the full benefit of workmen’s compensation laws in dealing with their employees. In addition, pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable.

We may be unable to identify liabilities associated with the properties that we acquire or obtain protection from sellers against them.

The acquisition of properties requires us to assess a number of factors, including recoverable reserves, development and operating costs and potential environmental and other liabilities. Such assessments are inexact and inherently uncertain. In connection with the assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties, but such a review will not reveal all existing or potential problems. In the course of our due diligence, we may not inspect every well, platform or pipeline. We cannot necessarily observe structural and environmental problems, such as pipeline corrosion, when an inspection is made. We may not be able to obtain contractual indemnities from the seller for liabilities that it created. We may be required to assume the risk of the physical condition of the properties in addition to the risk that the properties may not perform in accordance with our expectations.

Competition in our industry is intense, and we are smaller and have a more limited operating history than some of our competitors in the Gulf of Mexico and in the North Sea.

We compete with major and independent oil and natural gas companies for property acquisitions. We also compete for the equipment and labor required to operate and to develop these properties. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources than us. In addition, larger competitors may be able to absorb the burden of any changes in federal, state and local laws and regulations more easily than we can, which would adversely affect our competitive position. These competitors may be able to pay more for oil and natural gas properties and may be able to define, evaluate, bid for and acquire a greater number of properties than we can. Our ability to acquire additional properties and develop new and existing properties in the future will depend on our ability to conduct operations, to evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in this highly competitive environment. In addition, some of our competitors have been operating in the Gulf of Mexico and in the North Sea for a much longer time than we have and have demonstrated the ability to operate through industry cycles.

We may suffer losses as a result of foreign currency fluctuations.

The net assets, net earnings and cash flows from our wholly owned subsidiaries in the U.K. and the Netherlands are based on the U.S. dollar equivalent of such amounts measured in the applicable functional currency. These foreign operations have the potential to impact our financial position due to fluctuations in the local currency arising from the process of re-measuring the local functional currency in the U.S. dollar. Any increase in the value of the U.S. dollar in relation to the value of the local currency will adversely affect our revenues from our foreign operations when translated into U.S. dollars. Similarly, any decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar in relation to the value of the local currency will increase our development costs in our foreign operations, to the extent such costs are payable in foreign currency, when translated into U.S. dollars. We have not utilized derivatives or other financial instruments to hedge the risk associated with the movement in foreign currencies.

Our success depends on our management team and other key personnel, the loss of any of whom could disrupt our business operations.

Our success will depend on our ability to retain and attract experienced geoscientists and other professional staff. As of December 31, 2005, we had 21 engineers, geologist/geophysicists and other technical personnel in our Houston office, two engineers, geologist/geophysicists and other technical personnel in our London location and one engineer in our Netherlands office. We depend to a large extent on the efforts, technical expertise and continued employment of these personnel and members of our management team. If a significant number of them resign or become unable to continue in their present role and if they are not adequately replaced, our business operations could be adversely affected.

 

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Rapid growth may place significant demands on our resources.

We have experienced rapid growth in our operations and expect that significant expansion of our operations will continue. Our rapid growth has placed, and our anticipated future growth will continue to place, a significant demand on our managerial, operational and financial resources due to:

 

    the need to manage relationships with various strategic partners and other third parties;

 

    difficulties in hiring and retaining skilled personnel necessary to support our business;

 

    the need to train and manage a growing employee base; and

 

    pressures for the continued development of our financial and information management systems.

If we have not made adequate allowances for the costs and risks associated with this expansion or if our systems, procedures or controls are not adequate to support our operations, our business could be adversely impacted.

We are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations that can adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing business.

Development, production and sale of oil and natural gas in the Gulf of Mexico and in the North Sea, are subject to extensive laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations. We may be required to make large expenditures to comply with environmental and other governmental regulations. Matters subject to regulation include:

 

    discharge permits for drilling operations;

 

    bonds for ownership, development and production of oil and gas properties;

 

    reports concerning operations; and

 

    taxation.

Under these laws and regulations, we could be liable for personal injuries, property damage, oil spills, discharge of hazardous materials, remediation and clean-up costs and other environmental damages. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations also may result in the suspension or termination of our operations and subject us to administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Moreover, these laws and regulations could change in ways that substantially increase our costs. Accordingly, any of these liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Members of our management team own a significant amount of common stock, giving them influence or control in corporate transactions and other matters, and the interests of these individuals could differ from those of other shareholders.

Members of our management team beneficially own approximately 35% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of March 9, 2006. As a result, these shareholders are in a position to significantly influence or control the outcome of matters requiring a shareholder vote, including the election of directors, the adoption of an amendment to our articles of incorporation or bylaws and the approval of mergers and other significant corporate transactions. Their control of ATP may delay or prevent a change of control of ATP and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of other shareholders.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None

Item 2. Properties.

General

We are engaged in the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties primarily in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea. At December 31, 2005, we owned leasehold and other interests in 76

 

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offshore blocks, 53 platforms and 147 wells, including 11 subsea wells, in the Gulf of Mexico. We operate 125 (85%) of these wells, including all of the subsea wells, and 87% of our offshore platforms. We also had interests in 10 blocks and 2 company-operated subsea wells in the North Sea. Our average working interest in our properties at December 31, 2005 was approximately 75%. As of December 31, 2005, we had leasehold interests located in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea covering approximately 455,875 gross and 372,280 net acres, of which 265,754 gross acres were developed and 191,353 net acres were developed.

Gulf of Mexico

Acquisitions – During 2005, ATP was active in both government sponsored lease sales and acquisitions of properties from other companies. On March 16, 2005, ATP was the apparent high bidder and was subsequently awarded seven blocks relating to its winning bids at the Central Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale. ATP owns a 100% working interest in and is the operator of all seven blocks. Two of the blocks are adjacent to the Company’s wholly-owned Mississippi Canyon 711 development. Two additional blocks are contiguous to an existing ATP operated development in the West Cameron area and the remaining three blocks provide for new development area opportunities. On October 12, 2005, ATP was awarded two blocks pursuant to its high bids at the August 2005 Western Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale. On December 15, 2005 the Minerals Management Service awarded a third block to the Company on which it was the apparent high bidder. ATP is the operator and has a 100% working interest in the three blocks acquired, consisting of Garden Banks 228, High Island A-391 and High Island A-589. Total acquisition cost of the ten blocks was approximately $5.3 million dollars.

ATP made three acquisitions in 2005 from other companies. In the second quarter of 2005, ATP acquired 100% of the working interest in South Marsh Island 166. The property had a temporarily abandoned well which was reentered and completed in 2005. On September 21, 2005, ATP acquired all of BP Exploration & Production Inc.’s (“BP”) interest in four Federal oil and gas leases covering Mississippi Canyon Blocks 173/217 and Desoto Canyon Blocks 133/177, offshore Gulf of Mexico, an oil and gas discovery area named “King’s Peak.” The acquisition also included all of BP’s interest in the Canyon Express Pipeline System.

On October 31, 2005, ATP acquired substantially all of the oil and gas assets of a privately held company. These assets consist of 19 blocks located on the Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf in less than 600 feet of water. The Company operates most of the properties. Cash acquisition costs of the properties from other companies during 2005 totaled $62.1 million.

Development – During 2005, we incurred development costs of $231.7 million on projects in the Gulf of Mexico. While these costs were spread across several properties, the Company’s development at Mississippi Canyon 711 (Gomez) was responsible for 93% of the costs incurred. During 2005, ATP completed two wells and installed two 27 mile pipelines, one for oil and one for natural gas. ATP acquired the Rowan Midland semi-submersible drilling rig through a structured lease transaction. We converted the rig to a floating production facility and installed processing equipment so that it can serve as the host production platform for the Gomez development. At year-end 2005, we were completing the installation of the facilities. Gomez was placed on production March 9, 2006. Total development costs incurred during 2005 for the Gomez development were $215.2 million.

North Sea

Acquisitions – On June 8, 2005, we increased our ownership in the Tors fields (Garrow and Kilmar) in the Southern Gas Basin of the U.K. North Sea to 100% by acquiring the remaining 25% interest pursuant to an agreement with our partner. The U.K. Secretary of State for Trade and Industry gave approval for ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited to own a 100% interest in the Tors fields and to act as the sole development and production operator. Subsequently, in December 2005, ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited sold 15% of the ATP 100% working interest in the Tors fields. ATP has completed the Kilmar platform installation and the Kilmar and Garrow pipeline installations at the Tors and has commenced well operations.

During December 2005, we increased our ownership to 100% in the Venture field (Block 49/12a North) in the Southern Gas Basin of the U.K. North Sea. ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary, by acquiring the remaining 50% ownership interest pursuant to a Sale and Purchase Agreement with our

 

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partner. This 100% ownership will allow us to proceed with the field development plan approval process. The field has been defined by two vertical wells that have been tested at rates of 35 MMcf per day and 74 MMcf per day. Development plans for Venture include a production platform and a pipeline to an offset host platform.

ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited recorded net acquisition costs of $7.0 million in 2005 related to these two acquisitions.

Development – During 2005, ATP incurred development costs in the North Sea of $125.9 million primarily at two projects, Tors (Kilmar and Garrow) in the UK Sector and L-06 in the Dutch Sector.

At Tors, we constructed a platform and jacket and installed them at Kilmar during the third quarter of 2005. A pipeline was installed from Garrow to Kilmar and then a second pipeline was installed from Kilmar to the host platform. During the fourth quarter, a drilling rig was brought to location and began drilling the first of three planned wells at Kilmar. This well was being drilled at December 31, 2005, and total depth was achieved and completion operations begun in early March 2006. Total development costs incurred at Tors during 2005 were $96.6 million.

At L-06 in the Dutch Sector, ATP drilled the L06d-S1 well, installed a subsea tree and installed a pipeline to the host platform. At year-end 2005, we were completing the installation of the pipeline and final connections at the host facility. L-06 was placed on production February 26, 2006. Total development costs incurred at L-06 during 2005 were $29.3 million.

Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

Our business strategy is to acquire proved reserves, typically proved undeveloped, and to bring those reserves on production as rapidly as possible. Occasionally we will acquire properties where previous drilling has encountered reservoirs that appear to contain commercially productive quantities of oil and gas even though the reservoirs do not meet the SEC definition of proved reserves, often simply because they lack a flow test.

The following table presents our estimated net proved oil and natural gas reserves at December 31, 2005 based on reserve reports prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., Collarini Associates and DeGolyer and MacNaughton for our Gulf of Mexico reserves, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. for our Netherlands reserves and RPS Energy (formerly RPS Troy-Ikoda) for our U.K. reserves.

 

     Proved Reserves
     Developed    Undeveloped    Total

Gulf of Mexico

        

Natural gas (MMcf)

   78,833    84,714    163,547

Oil and condensate (MBbls)

   5,924    5,490    11,414

Total proved reserves (MMcfe)

   114,380    117,650    232,030

North Sea

        

Natural gas (MMcf)

   13,979    175,576    189,555

Oil and condensate (MBbls)

   2    17,650    17,652

Total proved reserves (MMcfe)

   13,989    281,476    295,465

Total

        

Natural gas (MMcf)

   92,812    260,290    353,102

Oil and condensate (MBbls)

   5,926    23,140    29,066

Total proved reserves (MMcfe)

   128,369    399,126    527,495

In 2005 our standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows was $1,865.6 million. The present value of future net cash flows attributable to estimated net proved reserves, discounted at 10% per annum, (“PV10”) is a computation of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows on a pre-tax basis. The table below provides a reconciliation of PV10 to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at December 31, 2005. PV10 may be considered a non-GAAP financial measure under the SEC’s regulations. We believe PV10 to be an important measure for evaluating the relative significance of our natural gas and oil properties. PV10 is computed on the same basis as the standardized measure of discounted future

 

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net cash flows but without deducting income taxes. We further believe investors and creditors may utilize our PV10 as a basis for comparison of the relative size and value of our reserves to other companies. However, PV10 is not a substitute for the standardized measure. Our PV10 measure and the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (shown below in thousands) do not purport to present the fair value of our natural gas and oil reserves.

 

Net present value of future cash flows, before income taxes

   $ 2,684,342

Future income taxes, discounted at 10%

     818,762
      

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

   $ 1,865,580
      

The estimates of proved reserves in the table above do not differ from those we have filed with other federal agencies. The process of estimating natural gas and oil reserves is complex. It requires various assumptions, including assumptions relating to natural gas and oil prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. We must project production rates and timing of development expenditures. We analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering data, and the extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. Recovery of undeveloped reserves generally requires significant capital expenditures and successful drilling and completion operations. The reserve data assumes that we will make these expenditures. Although the reserves and the costs associated with developing them are estimated in accordance with SEC standards, the estimated costs may be inaccurate, development may not occur as scheduled and results may not be as estimated. Therefore, estimates of natural gas and oil reserves are inherently imprecise. Estimates of reserves may increase or decrease as a result of future operations.

Drilling Activity

The following table shows our drilling and completion activity. In the table, “gross” refers to the total wells in which we have a working interest and “net” refers to gross wells multiplied by our working interest in such wells.

 

     Gulf of Mexico      North Sea
     2005      2004      2003      2005      2004      2003

Gross Development Wells:

                           

Productive

   4.0      10.0      5.0      1.0      —        1.0

Nonproductive

   —        2.0      —        1.0      —        —  
                                       

Total

   4.0      12.0      5.0      2.0      —        1.0
                                       

Net Development Wells:

                           

Productive

   3.4      6.7      4.3      0.5      —        0.5

Nonproductive

   —        1.5      —        0.8      —        —  
                                       

Total

   3.4      8.2      4.3      1.3      —        0.5
                                       

Gross Exploratory Wells:

                           

Productive

   3.0      3.0      —        —        —        —  

Nonproductive

   1.0      —        —        —        —        —  
                                       

Total

   4.0      3.0      —        —        —        —  
                                       

Net Exploratory Wells:

                           

Productive

   3.0      1.3      —        —        —        —  

Nonproductive

   0.8      —        —        —        —        —  
                                       

Total

   3.8      1.3      —        —        —        —  
                                       

Total Gross Wells:

                           

Productive

   7.0      13.0      5.0      1.0      —        1.0

Nonproductive

   1.0      2.0      —        1.0      —        —  
                                       

Total

   8.0      15.0      5.0      2.0      —        1.0
                                       

Total Net Wells:

                           

Productive

   6.4      8.0      4.3      0.5      —        0.5

Nonproductive

   0.8      1.5      —        0.8      —        —  
                                       

Total

   7.2      9.5      4.3      1.3      —        0.5
                                       

 

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At December 31, 2005 we had one gross development well (0.9 net development well) and one exploratory well (0.25 net exploratory well) in the process of being drilled.

Productive Wells

The following table presents the number of productive oil and natural gas wells in which we owned an interest as of December 31, 2005:

 

     Gulf of
Mexico
   North Sea    Total

Gross

        

Gas

   46.0    1.0    47.0

Oil

   6.0    —      6.0
              

Total

   52.0    1.0    53.0
              

Net

        

Gas

   28.3    0.5    28.8

Oil

   4.8    —      4.8
              

Total

   33.1    0.5    33.6
              

Acreage

The following table summarizes our developed and undeveloped acreage holdings at December 31, 2005. Acreage in which ownership interest is limited to royalty, overriding royalty and other similar interests is excluded (in acres):

 

     Developed (1)    Undeveloped (2)    Total
     Gross    Net    Gross    Net    Gross    Net

Gulf of Mexico

   249,722    183,337    98,063    92,971    347,785    276,308

North Sea

   16,032    8,016    92,058    87,956    108,090    95,972
                             
   265,754    191,353    190,121    180,927    455,875    372,280
                             

(1) Developed acres are acres spaced or assigned to productive wells.
(2) Undeveloped acres are acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and natural gas, regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves.

Production and Pricing Data

Information on production and pricing data is contained in Item 7. – “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of Operations”.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We are, in the ordinary course of business, a claimant and/or defendant in various legal proceedings from time to time. Management does not believe that the outcome of these legal proceedings, individually, or in the aggregate will have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2005.

Executive Officers of the Company and Other Key Employees

Set forth below are the names, ages (as of March 2, 2006) and titles of the persons currently serving as executive officers of the Company. All executive officers hold office until their successors are elected and qualified.

 

Name

   Age   

Position

T. Paul Bulmahn    62    Chairman and President
Gerald W. Schlief    58    Senior Vice President
Albert L. Reese, Jr.    56    Chief Financial Officer
Leland E. Tate    58    Chief Operations Officer
John E. Tschirhart    55    Senior Vice President, International, General Counsel
Isabel M. Plume    46    Chief Communications Officer
Keith R. Godwin    38    Chief Accounting Officer

 

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T. Paul Bulmahn has served as our Chairman and President since he founded the company in 1991. From 1988 to 1991, Mr. Bulmahn served as President and Director of Harbert Oil & Gas Corporation. From 1984 to 1988, Mr. Bulmahn served as Vice President, General Counsel of Plumb Oil Company. From 1978 to 1984, Mr. Bulmahn served as counsel for Tenneco’s interstate gas pipelines and as regulatory counsel in Washington, D.C. From 1973 to 1978, he served the Railroad Commission of Texas, the Public Utility Commission and the Interstate Commerce Commission as an administrative law judge.

Gerald W. Schlief has served as our Senior Vice President since 1993 and is primarily responsible for acquisitions. Between 1990 and 1993, Mr. Schlief acted as a consultant for the onshore and offshore independent oil and gas industry. From 1984 to 1990, Mr. Schlief served as Vice President, Offshore Land for Plumb Oil Company, and its successor Harbert Energy Corporation, where he managed the acquisition of interests in over 35 offshore properties. From 1983 to 1984, Mr. Schlief served as Offshore Land Consultant for Huffco Petroleum Corporation. He served as Treasurer and Landman for Huthnance Energy Corporation from 1981 to 1983. In addition, from 1974 to 1978, Mr. Schlief conducted audits of oil and gas companies for Arthur Andersen & Co., and from 1978 to 1981, he conducted audits of oil and gas companies for Spicer & Oppenheim.

Albert L. Reese, Jr. has served as our Chief Financial Officer since March 1999 and, in a consulting capacity, as our director of finance from 1991 until March 1999. From 1986 to 1991, Mr. Reese was employed with the Harbert Corporation where he established a registered investment bank for the company to conduct project and corporate financings for energy, co-generation, and small power activities. From 1979 to 1986, Mr. Reese served as chief financial officer of Plumb Oil Company and its successor, Harbert Energy Corporation. Prior to 1979, Mr. Reese served in various capacities with Capital Bank in Houston, the independent accounting firm of Peat, Marwick & Mitchell, and as a partner in Arnold, Reese & Swenson, a Houston-based accounting firm specializing in energy clients.

Leland E. Tate has served as our Chief Operations Officer since August 2000. Prior to joining ATP, Mr. Tate worked for over 30 years with Atlantic Richfield Company (“ARCO”). From 1998 until July 2000, Mr. Tate served as the President of ARCO North Africa. He also was Director General of Joint Ventures at ARCO from 1996 to 1998. From 1994 to 1996, Mr. Tate served as ARCO’s Vice President Operations & Engineering, where he led technical negotiations in field development. Prior to 1994, Mr. Tate’s positions with ARCO included Director of Operations, ARCO British Ltd.; Vice President of Engineering, ARCO International; Senior Vice President Marketing and Operations, ARCO Indonesia; and for three years was Vice President and District Manager in Lafayette, Louisiana.

John E. Tschirhart joined us in November 1997 and has served as our General Counsel since March 1998. Mr. Tschirhart was named Senior Vice President International in July 2001 and served as Managing Director of ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited from May 2000 to May 2001. He has served on the board of directors of ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited and ATP Oil & Gas (Netherlands) B.V. since the formation of those corporations and currently serves as the Managing Director of ATP Oil & Gas (Netherlands) B.V. From 1993 to November 1997, Mr. Tschirhart worked as a partner at the law firm of Tschirhart and Daines, a partnership in Houston, Texas. From 1985 to 1993 Mr. Tschirhart was in private practice handling civil litigation matters including oil and gas and employment law. From 1979 to 1985, he was with Coastal Oil & Gas Corporation and from 1974 to 1979 he was with Shell Oil Company.

Isabel M. Plume has served as our Chief Communications Officer since 2004 and Corporate Secretary since 2003. Ms. Plume currently serves on the board of directors of ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited. From 1996 to 1998, she was employed by Oasis Pipe Line Company, a midstream transporter of natural gas, responsible for implementing accounting and reporting systems. From 1982 to 1995 Ms. Plume served in a financial reporting capacity for Dow Hydrocarbons & Resources, Inc. and the Dow Chemical Company.

 

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Keith R. Godwin has served as our Chief Accounting Officer since April 2004. He served as Controller and Vice President from August 2000 to March 2004 and Controller from 1997 to July 2000. From 1995 to 1997, Mr. Godwin was the Corporate Accounting Manager with Champion Healthcare Corporation. From 1990 to 1995, Mr. Godwin was employed as an accountant with Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. where he conducted audits primarily in the energy industry.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. There were 29,792,934 shares of common stock and 175,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding as of March 9, 2006. There were 95 holders of record of our common stock as of March 9, 2006. Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ National Market under the ticker symbol ATPG.

The following table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices for the common stock as reported on the NASDAQ National Market for the periods indicated below. Such over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 

     High    Low

2005:

     

4th Quarter

   $ 39.20    $ 27.91

3rd Quarter

     34.00      23.51

2nd Quarter

     24.62      17.86

1st Quarter

     26.55      16.76

2004:

     

4th Quarter

   $ 19.15    $ 12.11

3rd Quarter

     12.34      7.05

2nd Quarter

     8.09      5.90

1st Quarter

     6.90      4.71

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain future earnings and other cash resources, if any, for the operation and development of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account many factors, including our financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs and plans for expansion. In addition, our current term loan prohibits us from paying cash dividends on our common stock. Any future dividends may also be restricted by any loan agreements which we may enter into from time to time.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

(In thousands, except per share data)

The following data should be read in conjunction with “Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
     2005     2004     2003     2002     2001  

Statement of Operations Data:

          

Revenues:

          

Oil and gas production

   $ 146,674     $ 116,123     $ 70,151     $ 80,017     $ 87,873  
                                        

Cost and operating expenses:

          

Lease operating expenses

     23,629       19,531       17,173       16,764       14,806  

Exploration expenses

     6,208       997       1,358       154       1,068  

General and administrative

     24,274       15,806       12,209       10,037       9,806  

Credit facility costs

     —         1,850       1,990       250       175  

Non-cash compensation expense

     57       —         (39 )     595       3,364  

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

     64,069       55,637       29,378       43,390       53,428  

Impairment of oil and gas properties

     —         —         11,670       6,844       24,891  

(Gain) loss on abandonment (1)

     (732 )     (251 )     4,973       —         —    

Accretion expense

     3,238       2,069       2,752       —         —    

Loss on unsuccessful property acquisition (2)

     —         —         8,192       —         3,147  

Gain on disposition of properties

     (2,743 )     (6,011 )     —         —         —    

Other

     —         400       —         —         —    
                                        

Total operating expenses

     118,000       90,028       89,656       78,034       110,685  
                                        

Income (loss) from operations

     28,674       26,095       (19,505 )     1,983       (22,812 )

Other income (expense):

          

Interest income

     4,064       627       52       73       884  

Interest expense

     (35,720 )     (22,262 )     (9,678 )     (10,418 )     (10,039 )

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     —         (3,326 )     (3,352 )     —         (926 )

Other

     419       280       2,244       1,081       —    
                                        

Income (loss) before income taxes and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     (2,563 )     1,414       (30,239 )     (7,281 )     (32,893 )

Income tax (expense) benefit

     (153 )     (58 )     (21,224 )     2,581       11,510  
                                        

Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     (2,716 )     1,356       (51,463 )     (4,700 )     (21,383 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of tax (3)

     —         —         662       —         —    
                                        

Net income (loss)

   $ (2,716 )   $ 1,356     $ (50,801 )   $ (4,700 )   $ (21,383 )
                                        

Preferred dividends

     (9,858 )     —         —         —         —    
                                        

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ (12,574 )   $ 1,356     $ (50,801 )   $ (4,700 )   $ (21,383 )
                                        

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:

          

Basic

     29,080       24,944       22,975       20,315       19,704  
                                        

Diluted

     29,080       25,271       22,975       20,315       19,704  
                                        

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share available to common:

          

Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ (0.43 )   $ 0.05     $ (2.24 )   $ (0.23 )   $ (1.09 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of tax

     —         —         0.03       —         —    

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

     (0.43 )     0.05       (2.21 )     (0.23 )     (1.09 )

 

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     December 31,  
     2005    2004    2003     2002     2001  

Balance Sheet Data:

            

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 65,566    $ 102,774    $ 4,564     $ 6,944     $ 5,294  

Working capital (deficit)

     567      68,330      (46,423 )     (13,699 )     (29,071 )

Net oil and gas properties

     627,421      213,206      189,125       119,036       133,033  

Total assets

     823,763      372,147      217,685       182,055       177,564  

Long-term debt, including current maturities

     340,989      210,309      115,409       86,387       100,111  

Capital lease, including current maturities

     43,116      —        —         —         —    

Total liabilities

     606,252      314,983      213,353       143,508       132,572  

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)

     217,511      57,164      4,332       38,547       44,992  

(1) During 2003, we recognized a loss on abandonment of $5.0 million. Of this amount, approximately $4.4 million was attributable to actual costs exceeding the original estimates on two properties. These unforeseen overruns were a result of difficulties in abandoning one of our properties due to the condition of the wells received from the original owner and the collapse of a platform crane. In addition, we incurred significant standby time as a result of Hurricane Claudette.
(2) During 2002 and 2003, ATP was in a dispute over a contract for the sale of an oil and gas property. The dispute was subsequently resolved for $8.2 million. We recorded a charge to income in the fourth quarter of 2003 and paid the amount in the first quarter of 2004. The Court dismissed the lawsuit on April 16, 2004.
(3) Effective January 1, 2003 we adopted SFAS 143 and recorded a cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle as an increase to earnings of $0.7 million (net of income taxes).

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Executive Overview

General

ATP Oil & Gas Corporation is engaged in the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea. We seek to acquire and develop properties with proved undeveloped reserves (“PUD”) that are economically attractive to us but are not strategic to major or large exploration-oriented independent oil and gas companies. Occasionally we will acquire properties that are already producing or where previous drilling has encountered reservoirs that appear to us to contain commercially productive quantities of oil and gas even though the reservoirs do not meet the SEC definition of proved reserves. We believe that our strategy provides assets for us to develop and produce without the risk, cost or time of traditional exploration.

We seek to create value and reduce operating risks through the acquisition and development of proved oil and natural gas reserves in areas that have:

 

    significant undeveloped reserves and reservoirs;

 

    close proximity to developed markets for oil and natural gas;

 

    existing infrastructure of oil and natural gas pipelines and production / processing platforms; and

 

    a relatively stable regulatory environment for offshore oil and natural gas development and production.

Our focus is on acquiring properties that have become non-core or non-strategic to their original owners for a variety of reasons. For example, larger oil companies from time to time adjust their capital spending or shift their focus to exploration prospects which they believe offer greater reserve potential. Some projects provide lower economic returns to a company due to its cost structure within that company. Also, due to timing or budget constraints, a company may be unwilling or unable to develop a property before the expiration of the lease. Because of our cost structure, expertise in our areas of focus and ability to develop projects, the properties may be more financially attractive to us than the seller. Given our strategy of acquiring properties that contain proved reserves, our operations typically are lower risk than exploration-focused Gulf of Mexico and North Sea operators.

We focus on developing projects in the shortest time possible between initial significant investment and first revenue generated in order to maximize our rate of return. Since we operate a significant number of the properties in which we acquire a working interest, we are able to significantly influence the development concept and timing of a project’s development. We typically initiate new development projects by simultaneously obtaining the various required components such as the pipeline and the production platform or subsea well completion equipment. We believe this strategy, combined with our strong technical abilities to evaluate and implement a project’s requirements, allows us to efficiently complete the development project and commence production.

To enhance the economics and return on investment of a project, we sometimes develop the project to a value creation point and either sell an interest or bring in partners on a promoted basis during the high capital development phase. In 2003, we sold interests in three projects in the Gulf of Mexico on a promoted basis to reduce the amount of capital employed. We continued this practice into 2004 whereupon we sold 25% of our interest in seven projects containing ten offshore blocks in the Gulf of Mexico for $19.5 million, approximately $1.85/Mcfe for proved reserves, of which 93.5% were proved undeveloped reserves. In 2005 we sold a 15% interest on a promoted basis in our Tors project in the U.K. Sector of the North Sea after the field development plan was obtained.

Review of 2005

The year 2005 was a year of major growth in proved reserves and significant progress towards a step change in production rates for ATP. The growth in reserves was accomplished through acquisitions during a period of historically high oil and gas prices and the recording of proved reserves at Cheviot in the North Sea. The significant progress in achieving a step change in production rates occurred in spite of one of the most catastrophic hurricane seasons ever experienced in the Gulf of Mexico. We also amended our Term Loan and added additional liquidity of $121.7 million, reduced our leverage by completing a $175.0 million preferred equity offering and added a capital lease for a portion of the development at Gomez in the Gulf of Mexico.

 

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The hurricane season of 2005 resulted in significant delays in our development activities and resulted in production losses in 2005 at many of our producing properties. Most of the physical damage to our assets was covered by our insurance. At December 31, 2005 we recorded a receivable for approximately $13.5 million (net of $0.5 million in deductibles for hurricanes Katrina and Rita) for our expected insurance recovery of damage assessment costs and repairs which were made during 2005. In 2006, we expect to incur additional insured repair and recovery costs related to these storms of less than $4.0 million. In addition the company expects to recover amounts under our loss of production insurance policy, however due to the uncertainty of the ultimate amount no receivable has been recorded for that expected recovery.

Reserves

At December 31, 2005, we had proved reserves of 527.5 Bcfe, of which 56% are located in the North Sea and the remaining 44% are in the Gulf of Mexico. The pre-tax PV10 of our proved reserves at December 31, 2005 was $2.7 billion. See “Item 2. Properties – Oil and Natural Gas Reserves” for reconciliation to after-tax PV10. In addition, we have scheduled for drilling or completion, properties where previous drilling into the targeted reservoirs indicates to the Company the presence of commercially productive quantities of hydrocarbons even though the reservoirs do not meet the SEC definition of proved reserves. Upon completion of drilling, completion or testing of wells on these blocks and similar properties in the Company’s portfolio, the Company anticipates that it may be able to record proved reserves associated with several of these properties.

Acquisitions

Gulf of Mexico

ATP was active in both of the Minerals Management Service sponsored offshore lease sales during 2005. In addition, ATP closed three transactions for the purchase of minerals in place during 2005. These purchases, which total $67.9 million in acquisition costs, resulted in recording 72.8 Bcfe of proved reserves, of which 40.4% were classified as proved developed.

Western Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale - ATP acquired three blocks for $2.9 million at the Western Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale 196 held on August 17, 2005. The blocks are located in approximately 200 to 750 feet of water. All three of the blocks have been previously drilled and the related logs indicate the presence of hydrocarbons. One of the blocks, High Island A-589, which was awarded to ATP in December 2005, has already been added to ATP’s 2006 development program. ATP holds a 100% working interest and serves as operator of each of the blocks.

Central Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale - ATP acquired seven blocks for $2.4 million at the Central Gulf of Mexico Offshore Lease Sale held March 16, 2005. Two of the blocks are adjacent to the Company’s wholly-owned Mississippi Canyon 711 development. Two additional blocks are contiguous to an existing ATP operated development in the West Cameron area and the remaining three blocks provide access to new development area opportunities. The blocks are located in approximately 125 to 2,900 feet of water. ATP owns a 100% working interest and serves as operator of each property.

South Marsh Island 166 - During the second quarter, ATP acquired South Marsh Island 166. We reentered and completed a temporarily abandoned well which had previously encountered hydrocarbons. As a result of this development work, proved developed reserves were recorded for this property at year-end 2005. ATP holds a 100% working interest in and operates South Marsh Island 166.

King’s Peak - ATP acquired a 55% working interest in the producing property King’s Peak in late September 2005. ATP operates this property located on Mississippi Canyon Blocks 173 and 217 and Desoto Canyon Blocks 133 and 177. King’s Peak contains an estimated 55.7 Bcfe of proved reserves. In addition, the property contains additional development potential from unproved drilling locations.

 

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Gulf of Mexico Shelf Package - On October 31, 2005, ATP acquired certain oil and gas properties located on the Gulf of Mexico Shelf and contain proved developed producing and proved developed non-producing reserves.

North Sea

Tors - ATP increased its net working interest ownership to 85% in the Tors fields, Garrow and Kilmar, through two separate transactions. First, ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired a 25% working interest ownership from its partner in the second quarter 2005, and then sold a 15% working interest ownership to a new partner in the fourth quarter 2005. This purchase and sale allowed ATP to reduce its capital exposure and lower its development cost per Mcfe, with the net result of improving the overall return for the project and our shareholders.

Venture – During the fourth quarter of 2005, our wholly-owned subsidiary, ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited, increased its working interest ownership to 100% in the Venture field (Block 49/12a North) in the Southern Gas Basin of the U.K. North Sea. The Venture field is located in 75’ of water and has been defined by two vertical wells that have tested at rates of 35 MMcf per day and 74 MMcf per day. Development plans in 2006 include the design and construction of a production platform, the installation of a pipeline to an offset host platform, and the drilling of one well. Planned production is for the first half of 2007.

Operations and Development

Gulf of Mexico Shelf – On the Gulf of Mexico Shelf during 2005, six wells were drilled, including one dry hole. Four of the wells, WC 432 #1, MI 709 A4ST1, HI 74 #1, and BA 578 #1, were completed and placed on production. The remaining well, the SMI 166 #1, will be placed on production following hurricane related repairs and tie-ins to third-party infrastructure.

Mississippi Canyon 711 (MC 711) - During 2005, two wells were completed and made ready for production from the southern portion of the block, two 27-mile pipelines were installed, and the drilling vessel, Rowan Midland, was converted into a floating production platform and moored on location. As of March 8, 2006, development work was essentially complete and we are awaiting first production. ATP operates MC 711 with a 100% working interest.

Tors (Kilmar and Garrow) – During 2005, we constructed and installed the Kilmar jacket and deck, commenced well operations, and installed a 23-kilometer pipeline from Garrow to Kilmar and a 22-kilometer pipeline from Kilmar to an offsetting third-party platform. ENSCO 70 is completing the first of a five-well program after which production will commence. The Garrow platform is currently under construction and is expected to be installed later this year. ATP operates the Tors field with an 85% working interest.

L-06d - On February 27, 2006, we announced first production at L-06d in the Dutch North Sea. ATP now enjoys flowing production in all three of its core areas: the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, the U.K. North Sea, and Dutch North Sea. L-06d production is limited by the capacity of the facilities to 40 - 45 MMcf per day gross.

Cheviot – During 2005, we evaluated the 3-D seismic survey acquired in 2004, which along with comprehensive Geological and Geophysical (G&G) studies, helped to form a more detailed geologic

 

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picture of the Cheviot field. We then incorporated this information into a reservoir simulation model and completed the history match of the previous four-year production history of the field. Following optimization studies, we presented all data to a third-party reservoir engineering company, who ultimately assigned 182 Bcfe of proved reserves to the field. ATP operates Cheviot with a 100% working interest.

Financings

The progress we made in 2005 moving our projects closer to commercial production, despite a difficult hurricane season, was supported by three financings. During the second quarter, we amended and improved the terms of our Senior Secured Credit Facility by expanding it to $350.0 million, reducing the interest rate, and extending the maturity to April 2010. Net of transaction costs, this amendment added $121.7 million in additional liquidity. During the third quarter, we issued $175.0 million of non-convertible perpetual preferred stock, which raised net proceeds of $169.4 million. The security does not have a stated maturity and accrues a dividend of 13.5%. Such dividends may be paid in cash under the Preferred Stock Subscription Agreement upon the earlier to occur of full repayment of our existing Term Loan or April 15, 2011. During the fourth quarter, we structured a $44.8 million capital lease to finance the purchase of the drilling vessel, Rowan Midland, to serve as the floating production platform at our Mississippi Canyon 711 property.

Cash flow from operating activities was $43.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, compared to $41.2 million in cash flow from operating activities for 2004. We had working capital at December 31, 2005 of $0.6 million, a decrease of approximately $67.8 million from December 31, 2004. This decrease is attributable to our active 2005 capital program, which includes our two relatively large projects Mississippi Canyon 711 and Tors.

We had $65.6 million in cash and cash equivalents on hand at December 31, 2005, compared to $102.8 million in cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2004. Cash paid for acquisition and development activities for the year 2005 was $420.5 million, compared to $87.4 million in 2004.

2006 Operational and Financial Objectives

We will continue to devote considerable resources to our developments in 2006. During the early part of the year, efforts will be spent completing and bringing to production two of our major developments begun in 2005, Mississippi Canyon 711 in the Gulf of Mexico and the Tors fields in the U.K. Sector of the North Sea. As of February 27, 2006, L-06d had been placed on production. As of March 9, 2006, Mississippi Canyon 711 had been placed on production. The first of three wells planned at the Kilmar portion of Tors fields has reached total depth and the well is going through completion activities. Additional drilling and completion activities are scheduled at both Mississippi Canyon 711 and at the Garrow portion of the Tors fields later in 2006.

In addition to these developments, projects with proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2005 that are scheduled for 2006 development, include Venture in the U.K. North Sea and South Marsh Island 189/190 and other properties in the Gulf of Mexico. We also have scheduled for drilling or completion properties in which previous drilling into targeted reservoirs indicates to the Company the presence of commercially productive quantities of hydrocarbons, although these reservoirs did not meet the SEC definition of proved reserves at the end of 2005. For example, High Island A-589 is a property that the Company believes to have commercially productive hydrocarbons and intends to develop in 2006 that is not included in our reserve report at year-end 2005.

We have commenced engineering and procurement activities on our Cheviot property in the U.K. North Sea. Cheviot, our largest property in terms of proved reserves, is a multi-year development with first

 

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production targeted in 2008. Other potential developments for 2006 in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea are currently being evaluated. We believe that 2006 production will far exceed that of 2005 as a result of our 2003 through 2005 development programs and projects scheduled for development in 2006.

Our production may command higher realized oil and gas prices in 2006 than in recent years, based on our current hedge position and relatively strong commodity prices. Our revenues, profitability and cash flows are highly dependent upon many factors, particularly our production results and the price of oil and natural gas. To mitigate future price volatility, we may hedge additional production.

Results of Operations

For the year ended December 31, 2005, we reported a net loss available to common shareholders of $12.6 million or $0.43 per share, and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, we reported net income available to common shareholders of $1.4 million or $0.05 per share and a net loss available to common shareholders of $50.8 million or $2.21 per share, respectively.

Oil and Gas Revenues

Revenues presented in the table and the discussion below represent revenue from sales of our oil and natural gas production volumes. Production sold under fixed price delivery contracts, which have been designated for the normal purchase and sale exemption under SFAS 133, are also included in these amounts. Approximately 61%, 47% and 26% of our oil production was sold under these contracts for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Approximately 54%, 46% and 45% of our natural gas production was sold under these contracts for the comparable periods. The realized prices below may differ from the market prices in effect during the periods depending on when the fixed price delivery contract was executed.

 

     Years Ended December 31,    

% Change

from 2004
to 2005

   

% Change

from 2003
to 2004

 
     2005    2004     2003      

Production (1):

           

Natural gas (MMcf)

     15,614      17,816       10,842     (12 )%   64 %

Oil and condensate (MBbls)

     717      765       1,042     (6 )%   (27 )%

Total (MMcfe)

     19,914      22,408       17,093     (11 )%   31 %

Revenues (in thousands):

           

Natural gas

   $ 116,404    $ 91,251     $ 52,199     28 %   75 %

Effects of cash flow hedges

     40      (1,198 )     (15,302 )   103 %   92 %
                           

Total

   $ 116,444    $ 90,053     $ 36,897     29 %   144 %
                           

Oil and condensate

   $ 30,041    $ 25,970     $ 29,601     16 %   (12 )%

Effects of cash flow hedges

     —        —         (1,262 )   —       100 %
                           

Total

   $ 30,041    $ 25,970     $ 28,339     16 %   (8 )%
                           

Natural gas, oil and condensate

     146,445      117,221       81,800     25 %   43 %

Effects of cash flow hedges

     40      (1,198 )     (16,564 )   103 %   93 %
                           

Total

   $ 146,485    $ 116,023     $ 65,236     26 %   78 %
                           

Average realized sales price per unit:

           

Natural gas (per Mcf)

   $ 7.46    $ 5.12     $ 4.82     46 %   6 %

Effects of cash flow hedges (per Mcf)

     —        (0.07 )     (1.41 )   100 %   95 %
                           

Average realized price (per Mcf)

   $ 7.46    $ 5.05     $ 3.41     48 %   48 %
                           

Oil and condensate (per Bbl)

   $ 41.92    $ 33.93     $ 28.42     24 %   19 %

Effects of cash flow hedges (per Bbl)

     —        —         (1.21 )   —       100 %
                           

Average realized price (per Bbl)

   $ 41.92    $ 33.93     $ 27.21     24 %   25 %
                           

Natural gas, oil and condensate (per Mcfe)

   $ 7.35    $ 5.23     $ 4.79     41 %   9 %

Effects of cash flow hedges (per Mcfe)

     —        (0.05 )     (0.97 )   100 %   95 %
                           

Average realized price (per Mcfe)

   $ 7.35    $ 5.18     $ 3.82     42 %   36 %
                           

(1) In the fourth quarter of 2003, we recorded a settlement of a commodity imbalance of 645 MMcfe from 2002 and 2001 that was excluded from production.

 

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Oil and gas revenue increased 26% in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily as a result of increased commodity prices. Our realized sales price per Mcfe in 2005 was 41% higher as compared to 2004. The increase was partially offset by an 11% decrease in production.

Oil and gas revenue increased 43% in 2004 compared to 2003 as the result of 12 properties brought on line during 2004, including our Helvellyn property, located in the U.K. Sector—North Sea. Another component of the increase was a 9% increase in our sales price per Mcfe in 2004 as compared to 2003. Due to the shut down of Helvellyn in September 2004 as a result of maintenance at the receiving terminal and the interruption of Gulf of Mexico production due to the hurricanes experienced during the third quarter of 2004, approximately 1.1 Bcfe of production was deferred into future periods.

Lease Operating

Lease operating expenses include costs incurred to operate and maintain wells and related equipment and facilities. These costs include, among others, workover expenses, operator fees, processing fees, insurance and transportation. Lease operating expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was as follows ($ in thousands):

 

     Years Ended December 31,   

% Change
from 2004

to 2005

   

% Change
from 2003

to 2004

 
     2005    2004    2003     

Lease operating expense

   $ 23,629    $ 19,531    $ 17,173    21 %   14 %

Per Mcfe

   $ 1.19    $ 0.87    $ 1.00    37 %   (13 )%

The 37% increase per Mcfe in 2005 compared to 2004 was primarily attributable to costs incurred in the Gulf of Mexico for uninsured costs incurred as a result of the tropical storm activity during 2005, and certain fixed costs relative to our lower production volumes in 2005.

The 13% decrease per Mcfe in 2004 compared to 2003 was primarily attributable to the aforementioned increase in production. Additionally, workover activities in 2004 were significantly lower than in 2003.

Exploration

During 2005, exploration expense includes one exploratory, step-out well at our producing Eugene Island 30/71 complex. This well found non-commercial quantities of hydrocarbons, resulting in exploration and dry hole expense of approximately $5.3 million.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses are overhead-related expenses, including among others, wages and benefits, legal and accounting fees, insurance, and investor relations expenses. General and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was as follows ($ in thousands):

 

     Years Ended December 31,   

% Change
from 2004

to 2005

   

% Change
from 2003

to 2004

 
     2005    2004    2003     

General and administrative

   $ 24,274    $ 15,806    $ 12,209    54 %   29 %

Per Mcfe

   $ 1.22    $ 0.71    $ 0.71    72 %   0 %

 

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The increase in 2005 compared to 2004 was primarily due to a $7.9 million increase in compensation related costs.

The increase in 2004 compared to 2003, was primarily due to higher compensation related costs and professional fees related to the implementation of the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Credit Facility Cost

In the first quarter of 2004, we incurred non-recurring costs of $1.9 million to maintain compliance with the requirements of our previous lender. These costs primarily consisted of legal and professional fees of $1.6 million.

Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization

Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense (“DD&A”) for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was as follows ($ in thousands):

 

     Years Ended December 31,   

% Change
from 2004

to 2005

   

% Change
from 2003

to 2004

 
     2005    2004    2003     

DD&A

   $ 64,069    $ 55,637    $ 29,378    15 %   89 %

Per Mcfe

   $ 3.22    $ 2.48    $ 1.72    30 %   44 %

DD&A expense increased 15% in 2005 as compared to 2004 primarily due to the increased cost for the properties placed in production during 2003 and 2004 and decreased production from two of our older lower cost properties.

DD&A expense increased 89% in 2004 as compared to 2003 primarily due to the 31% increase in production. The average DD&A per Mcfe increase was due primarily to the increased cost of development for those properties placed on production in 2003 and 2004 and to downward reserve revisions on six of our properties.

Impairments

On two of our properties in 2003, the future undiscounted cash flows were less than their individual net book value, resulting in impairments of $10.7 million in 2003. These impairments were the result of reductions in estimates of recoverable reserves. The impairments were calculated as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired depletable unit. We recorded an additional $1.0 million of impairment in 2003 related to SFAS 143. See Note 4, “Asset Retirement Obligations”, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(Gain) Loss on Abandonment

During 2005 and 2004, we recognized small net gains on the abandonment of certain properties which we were able to abandon at an aggregate cost less than the asset retirement obligation previously accrued. During 2003, we recognized a loss on abandonment of $5.0 million. Of this amount, approximately $4.4 million was attributable to actual costs exceeding the original estimates on two properties. These unforeseen overruns were a result of difficulties in abandoning one of our properties due to the condition of the wells received from the original owner and the collapse of a platform crane. In addition, we incurred significant standby time as a result of Hurricane Claudette.

(Gain) Loss on Disposition of Properties

During 2005 we recognized a net gain of $2.7 million on the sales of 15% of our interest in Tors fields in the Southern Gas Basin of the U.K. Sector – North Sea and one property in the Gulf of Mexico. In 2004, we sold 25% of our interest in seven projects containing ten offshore blocks in the Gulf of Mexico and recognized a gain of $6.0 million.

 

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Loss on Unsuccessful Property Acquisition

During 2002 and 2003, ATP was in a dispute over a contract for the sale of an oil and gas property. The dispute was subsequently resolved and the other party was awarded $8.2 million. We paid this amount in the first quarter of 2004 and the Court dismissed the lawsuit on April 16, 2004.

Interest Income

Interest income varies directly with the amount of temporary cash investments. The increase in interest income from period to period is the result of the increase in cash on hand from the Company’s aforementioned funding activities.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $13.5 million, to $35.7 million for 2005 from $22.3 million for 2004 as a result of an increase in outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan plus a higher average effective floating interest rate on such borrowings.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

In the first quarter of 2004, we recognized a non-cash loss of $3.3 million on the extinguishment of debt related to our prior credit facility agreement

In the third quarter of 2003, we recognized a $3.4 million loss on the extinguishment of debt related to our prior credit agreement and the repayment of our note payable. The portion of the loss attributable to the prior credit facility ($0.9 million) was related to non-cash deferred financing costs.

Income Taxes

During 2005 we recognized current tax expense of $4.0 million primarily due to an asserted tax assessment resulting from an audit of our Netherlands subsidiary. The expense related to the expected assessment was offset by a corresponding deferred tax benefit created by the timing difference on this revenue recognition item. As this benefit resulted from the timing difference, no valuation allowance was made for this asset. The remainder of our deferred tax assets recorded during the year were provided for with a valuation allowance. During 2004, we provided a valuation allowance against all of our deferred tax assets recorded during the year. The income tax expense of $21.2 million in 2003 was primarily due to the Company recording a valuation allowance of $33.6 million against our deferred tax asset as required by SFAS 109. See Note 10 “Income Taxes” to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Preferred Dividends

The Company recognized $9.9 million of dividends in-kind during 2005 related to its Series A 13.5% cumulative perpetual preferred stock, which was issued during August 2005.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2005, we had working capital of approximately $0.6 million, a decrease of approximately $67.8 million from December 31, 2004. This decrease is primarily attributable to our development program and the increased costs of developments precipitated by the hurricanes in 2005. Historically, we have financed our acquisition and development activities through a combination of bank borrowings and proceeds from our equity offerings as well as cash from operations and by the sell-down of a portion of our interests in selected development projects. In 2005, we began developing several major projects which will require significant capital expenditures through the end of 2006. In order to fund these development costs, we expanded the borrowings under our Term Loan in April 2005, in August 2005 we completed a private placement of preferred stock for net proceeds of $169.4 million and in October we entered into a capital lease. As operator of all of our projects in development, we have the ability to significantly control the timing of most of our capital expenditures. We believe the cash flows from operating activities, new or amended debt or equity offerings combined with our ability to control the timing of substantially all of our future development and acquisition requirements will provide us with the flexibility and liquidity to meet our future planned capital requirements.

 

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Cash Flows

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
     2005     2004     2003  
     (in thousands)  

Cash provided by (used in):

      

Operating activities

   $ 43,588     $ 41,218     $ 51,009  

Investing activities

     (414,072 )     (68,651 )     (84,043 )

Financing activities

     335,514       125,698       30,654  

Operating activities. Net cash provided by operating activities was $43.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to $41.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Cash flow from operations increased primarily due to the timing of settlements of operating receivables and payables and higher oil and gas revenues during 2005 compared to 2004. Gas sales increased by $26.4 million, or 29%, and oil sales increased by $4.1 million, or 16%. The increase in sales revenue was attributable to higher average oil and gas prices during 2005.

Investing activities. Cash used in investing activities in 2005 and 2004 was $414.1 million and $68.7 million, respectively. Cash paid for acquisition, development and exploration expenditures of oil and natural gas properties in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea totaled approximately $296.1 million and $124.4 million, respectively, in 2005, offset by the receipt of $19.8 million in proceeds for the sale of properties. Such expenditures in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea were approximately $78.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively, in 2004, offset by the receipt of $19.2 million in proceeds for the sale of certain interests in seven of our properties.

Financing activities. Cash provided by financing activities in 2005 consisted primarily of net proceeds of $121.7 million related to our amendment to the Term Loan, after deducting deferred financing costs of approximately $10.4 million related to the amendment and accrued interest and $169.4 million from the issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs. Cash provided by financing activities in 2004 consisted of net payments of $166.3 million related to our prior credit facility and net proceeds of $248.5 million related to our new Term Loan and warrants issued, after deducting deferred financing costs of approximately $13.5 million related to the new Term Loan. We repurchased all 750,000 warrants related to our prior credit facility and 1,926,837 warrants related to our term loan for $12.3 million. In addition, we received net proceeds of $53.1 million from a private placement sale of four million shares of common stock to accredited investors in 2004.

The Company’s restricted cash represents a time deposit denominated in British Pounds Sterling which secures an irrevocable stand-by letter of credit for our future abandonment obligations with respect to the Kilmar field in the North Sea. The Letter of Credit and Reimbursement Agreement has an initial term of one year, and it extends for successive one-year terms unless thirty days notice is given of the intention not to extend the letter of credit.

Term Loan

Amounts borrowed under our credit agreements were as follows for the dates indicated (in thousands):

 

     December 31,  
     2005     2004  

Term loan, net of unamortized discount of $6,386 and $8,129

   $ 340,989       210,309  

Less current maturities

     (3,500 )     (2,200 )
                

Total long-term debt

   $ 337,489     $ 208,109  
                

At December 31, 2005, we had $347.4 million outstanding on our Senior Secured First Lien Term Loan Facility (“Term Loan”). The Term Loan matures in April 2010. It is secured by substantially all of our oil and gas assets in the Gulf of Mexico and the U.K. Sector North Sea and is guaranteed by our wholly owned subsidiaries ATP Energy, Inc. and ATP Oil & Gas (UK) Limited. The Term Loan bears interest at the base rate plus a margin of 4.50% or LIBOR plus a margin of 5.50% at the election of ATP. On December 31, 2005, the weighted average rate on outstanding borrowings was approximately 10.06%.

 

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In connection with the original issuance of the Term Loan during 2004, we granted warrants to purchase 2,452,336 shares of common stock of ATP for $7.25 per share. The warrants have a term of six years and expire in March 2010. The fair value of the warrants, as determined by use of the Black-Scholes valuation model on March 29, 2004, was approximately $4.2 million and was accounted for as additional paid-in-capital and debt discount. The fair value was calculated with the following weighted-average assumptions: zero dividend yield; risk-free interest rate of 3.0%; volatility of 51.6% and an expected life of 6 years. The value was adjusted for liquidity issues associated with a potential sale of such a large volume of shares in relation to our public float. This amount and the original issue discount of $5.6 million are being accreted over the life of the loan as additional interest expense.

On September 24, 2004, our lender consented to our repurchase of 1,926,837 of the 2,452,336 then outstanding second lien facility warrants for a price not to exceed $11,561,022. The warrants were repurchased on September 24, 2004 for $6.00 per warrant which, in management’s estimation, represented the then current fair value of the unregistered warrants. The $11.6 million partial repurchase was recorded as a decrease to additional paid in capital while the debt discount will continue to be amortized over the life of the loan.

On April 14, 2005, we increased our aggregate borrowings under the Term Loans by $132.1 million (from the balance outstanding as of March 31, 2005) to an aggregate outstanding principal amount of $350.0 million. From this increase in borrowings, we received net proceeds of $117.8 million after deducting $3.6 million for accrued and unpaid interest on the Term Loans up to the Amendment Date and $10.7 million for fees and expenses.

The terms of the Term Loan, as amended April 14, 2005, require us to maintain certain covenants. Capitalized terms are defined in the credit agreement for the Term Loan. The covenants include:

 

    Current Ratio of 1.0/1.0;

 

    Total Net Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX coverage ratio of not greater than 3.0/1.0 at the end of each quarter;

 

    Consolidated EBITDAX to Consolidated Interest Expense of not less than 2.5/1.0 for any four consecutive fiscal quarters;

 

    Pre-tax PV-10 of our Total Proved Developed Producing Oil and Gas Reserves to Net Debt of at least 0.5/1.0 at June 30 and December 31 of any fiscal year;

 

    Pre-tax PV-10 of our Total Proved Oil and Gas Reserves to Net Debt of at least 2.5/1.0 at June 30 and December 31 of any fiscal year;

 

    the requirement to maintain Commodity Hedging Agreements on no less than 40% nor more than 80% of the next twelve months of forecasted production attributable to our proved producing reserves;

 

    the requirement to maintain a Maximum Leverage Ratio of no more than 3.0/1.0 at the end of any fiscal quarter;

 

    the requirement to maintain a Debt to Reserve Amount of no greater than $2.50 through maturity; provided, however, that if such amount is exceeded at the end of the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2005, the covenant shall be retested at June 30, 2006, and

 

    limit Permitted Business Investments, as defined, to $75.0 million during any fiscal year.

As of December 31, 2005, we were in compliance with all of the financial covenants of our Term Loan. Significant adverse changes in our expected production levels, commodity prices and reserves or material delays or cost overruns could have a material adverse affect on our financial condition and results of operations and result in our non-compliance with these covenants. An event of non-compliance with any of the required covenants could result in a material mandatory repayment under the Term Loan.

 

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Capital Lease

On October 19, 2005, ATP agreed to acquire the Rowan Midland mobile offshore drilling unit (“Vessel”) from Rowandrill, Inc. (“Rowan”) for modification for use as a floating offshore production unit at the Company’s Mississippi Canyon 711 development. The net purchase price of $50 million, after payment of $10.0 million at closing on October 19, 2005, is payable over the succeeding 15 month period (the “Interim Period”) in payments of $1,050,000 per month, with the remaining balance due to Rowan on January 31, 2007. At any time prior to January 31, 2007, the Company has the right, without penalty, to pay the remaining balance of the net purchase price. During the Interim Period, the Vessel is chartered to the Company for use in its production operations in the Gulf of Mexico. At its inception, the company recorded this transaction as a capital lease and recorded an oil and gas asset and corresponding capital lease obligation in the amount of $44.8 million.

Preferred Stock

On August 2, 2005, ATP entered into a Subscription Agreement for the private placement of 175,000 shares of its 13.5% Series A cumulative perpetual preferred stock, par value, $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), at a price of $1,000.00 per share. The Preferred Stock is not convertible into the Company’s common stock. Aggregate gross proceeds to the Company were $175.0 million and the Company paid $5.25 million in placement agent commissions. The issuance of the Preferred Stock is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and was offered and issued only to institutional accredited investors.

The Subscription Agreement for the Preferred Stock provides for: (1) an initial liquidation preference of $1,000 per share; (2) cumulative quarterly dividends at an initial rate of 13.5%, subject to escalation in the applicable dividend rate under certain conditions; (3) no voting rights; (4) special provisions in the event of a fundamental change in the Company or the satisfaction of the Company’s currently outstanding debt; (5) limitations on incurrence of additional debt; and (6) restrictions on transfer or sale of the Preferred Stock.

The Company has the right to redeem the Preferred Stock at its option at any time after a fundamental change or the later of February 3, 2006 or the specified debt satisfaction date at a premium that declines until February 3, 2009, at which time the preferred stock may be redeemed at 100% of the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends.

In the event of a fundamental change in the Company or the repayment of the currently outstanding debt, the Company must notify the preferred stockholders whether it will offer to redeem the preferred stock. If the Company chooses not to offer to redeem the preferred stock, then it will be deemed a fundamental change offer default or a debt satisfaction offer default, as the case may be, and the applicable dividend rate will escalate by 5% per quarter, to a maximum of 25%. Such escalation will continue until either of such defaults is cured, unless the Company has previously exercised its optional redemption right with respect to all of the shares of Series A preferred stock then outstanding. The Company is under no obligation to offer to redeem the preferred stock under any circumstances.

Through December 31, 2005, non-cash preferred dividends aggregating $9.9 million were accrued. Such dividends may be paid in cash under the Preferred Stock Subscription Agreement upon the earlier to occur of full repayment of our existing Term Loan or April 15, 2011.

On March 8, 2006, we announced that we plan to raise $100 million or more through a private placement of non-convertible, perpetual preferred stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”). The Series B Preferred Stock will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements. The Series B Preferred Stock will be offered in a private placement in the United States pursuant to applicable exemptions under the Securities Act of 1933. The terms and conditions of the Subscription Agreement for the Series B Preferred Stock will be identical to that of the Series A Preferred Stock, except for the dividend rate, which may be different. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to expand our scope in certain projects, to accelerate our development activities and for general corporate purposes.

 

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Rights Plan

On October 1, 2005, the Board of Directors of ATP authorized the issuance of one preferred share purchase right (a “Right”) with respect to each outstanding share of common stock, par value $.001 per share (the “Common Shares”), of the Company (the “Shareholder Rights Plan”). The rights were issued on October 17, 2005 to the holders of record of Common Shares on that date. Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth (1/100) of a share of Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), of the Company at a price of $150.00 per one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share, subject to adjustment. The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in a Rights Agreement dated as of October 11, 2005 between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent.

The Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
2005
   December 31,
2004

Series A 13.5% cumulative perpetual preferred stock; liquidation preference of $1,056 per share; 175,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2005

   184,858    —  

Junior participating preferred stock pursuant to the Shareholders Rights Plan; none issued at December 31, 2005

   —      —  

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 3, “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Contractual Obligations

We have various commitments primarily related to leases for office space, other property and equipment and other agreements. The following table summarizes certain contractual obligations at December 31, 2005 (in thousands):

 

     Payments Due By Period

Contractual Obligation

   Total    Less Than
1 Year
   1-3 Years    4-5 Years   

After

5 Years

Long-term debt

   $ 347,375    $ 3,500    $ 7,000    $ 336,875    $ —  

Interest on long-term debt (1)

     133,433      34,748      68,441      30,244      —  

Long-term capital lease

     43,116      8,679      34,437      —        —  

Interest on capital lease (1)

     4,208      3,921      287      —        —  

Non-cancelable operating leases

     2,774      755      1,364      636      19

Other long-term liabilities (2)

     —        —        —        —        —  
                                  

Total contractual obligations

   $ 530,906    $ 51,603    $ 111,529    $ 367,755    $ 19
                                  

(1) Interest is based on rates and quarterly principal payments in effect at December 31, 2005.
(2) In February 2003, we acquired a 50% working interest in a block located in the Dutch Sector - North Sea. We agreed to develop the property within 60 months from receipt of the funds or return the funds with interest if commercial production was not achieved at the expiration of such time. At December 31, 2005 the balance is reflected as a long-term liability of $8.8 million in the financial statements. The property was developed during 2005 and commenced production in February 2006. We expect to reclass this liability as a reduction to oil and gas properties in the first quarter of 2006 since our obligation under the agreement has now been fulfilled.

Our liabilities also include asset retirement obligations ($7.1 million current and $60.3 million long-term) that represent the estimated fair value at December 31, 2005 of our obligations with respect to the retirement/plugging and abandonment of our oil and gas properties. Each reporting period the liability is accreted to its then present value. The ultimate settlement amount and the timing of the settlement of such obligations is unknown because they are subject to, among other things, federal, state and local regulation and economic factors. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the U.S., which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We routinely make estimates and judgments about the carrying value of our assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Such estimates and judgments are evaluated and modified as necessary on an ongoing basis. Significant estimates include DD&A of proved oil and gas properties. Oil and gas reserve estimates, which are the basis for unit-of-production DD&A and the impairment analysis, are inherently imprecise and are expected to change as future information becomes available. In addition, alternatives may exist among various accounting methods. In such cases, the choice of accounting method may also have a significant impact on reported amounts.

Based on a critical assessment of our accounting policies discussed below and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, management believes that our consolidated financial statements provide a meaningful and fair perspective of our company.

Oil and Gas Property Accounting

We account for our oil and gas property costs using the successful efforts accounting method. Under the successful efforts method, lease acquisition costs and intangible drilling and development costs on successful wells and development dry holes are capitalized. Costs of drilling exploratory wells are initially capitalized, but charged to expense if and when a well is determined to be unsuccessful.

Capitalized costs relating to producing properties are depleted on the units-of-production method. Proved developed reserves are used in computing unit rates for drilling and development costs and total proved reserves for depletion rates of leasehold, platform and pipeline costs. Estimated dismantlement, restoration and abandonment costs and estimated residual salvage values are taken into account in determining amortization and depletion provisions. Expenditures for geological and geophysical testing costs are generally charged to expense unless the costs can be specifically attributed to mapping a proved reservoir and determining the optimal placement for future developmental well locations. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred; renewals and betterments are capitalized. The costs and related accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization of properties sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts, and gains or losses on disposition are reflected in the statements of operations.

Costs directly associated with the acquisition and evaluation of unproved properties are excluded from the amortization base until the related properties are developed. Unproved properties are periodically assessed and any impairment in value is charged to impairment expense. The costs of unproved properties are transferred to proved oil and gas properties upon meeting SEC requirements and amortized on a unit of production.

Oil and Gas Reserves

The process of estimating quantities of natural gas and crude oil reserves is very complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given field may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various fields make these estimates generally less precise than other estimates included in the financial statement disclosures. We use the units-of-production method to amortize our oil and gas properties. This method requires us to amortize the capitalized costs incurred in developing a property in proportion to the amount of oil and gas produced as a percentage of the amount of proved reserves contained in the property. Accordingly, changes in reserve estimates as described above will cause corresponding changes in depletion expense recognized in periods subsequent to the reserve estimate revision. Most of our Gulf of Mexico reserves and all of our Netherlands reserves quantities are prepared annually by independent petroleum

 

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engineers Ryder Scott Company, L.P. The remainder of our 2005 Gulf of Mexico reserves related to newly acquired properties were prepared by DeGolyer and MacNaughton and Collarini Associates. Our U.K. Sector – North Sea reserves are prepared annually by independent petroleum consultants RPS Energy (formerly RPS Troy-Ikoda). See the Supplemental Information (unaudited) in our consolidated financial statements for reserve data related to our properties.

Impairment Analysis

We perform an impairment analysis whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, we compare the carrying value of the depletable unit to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. In addition, other factors such as probable and possible reserves are taken into consideration when justified by economic conditions and actual or planned drilling or other development activities. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property will be recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. An impairment allowance is provided on an unproved property when we determine that the property will not be developed. Any impairment charge incurred is recorded in accumulated depreciation, depletion, impairment and amortization to reduce our recorded basis in the asset. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future cash flows and fair value.

Asset Retirement Obligations

We have significant obligations related to the plugging and abandonment of our oil and gas wells, dismantling our offshore production platforms, and the removal of equipment and facilities from leased acreage and returning such land to its original condition. SFAS 143 requires that we estimate the future cost of this obligation, discount it to its present value, and record a corresponding asset and liability in our consolidated balance sheets. The values ultimately derived are based on many significant estimates, including the ultimate expected cost of the obligation, the expected future date of the required cash payment, and interest and inflation rates. Revisions to these estimates may be required based on changes to cost estimates, the timing of settlement, and changes in legal requirements. Any such changes that result in upward or downward revisions in the estimated obligation will result in an adjustment to the related capitalized asset and corresponding liability on a prospective basis. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Contingent Liabilities

In preparing financial statements at any point in time, management is periodically faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within its control and will not be known for prolonged periods of time. As discussed in Part I, Item 3. – “Legal Proceedings” and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we are involved in actions from time to time, which if determined adversely, could have a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Management, with the assistance of counsel makes estimates, if determinable, of ATP’s probable liabilities and records such amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Such estimates may be the minimum amount of a range of probable loss when no single best estimate is determinable. Disclosure is made, when determinable, of any additional possible amount of loss on these claims, or if such estimate cannot be made, that fact is disclosed. Along with our counsel, we monitor developments related to these legal matters and, when appropriate, we make adjustments to recorded liabilities to reflect current facts and circumstances. Although it is difficult to predict the ultimate outcome of these matters, management is not aware of any amounts that need to be recorded and believes that the recorded amounts, if any, are reasonable.

 

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Price Risk Management Activities

We periodically enter into commodity derivative contracts and fixed-price physical contracts to manage our exposure to oil and natural gas price volatility. We primarily utilize fixed price physical contracts, price swaps and put options, which are generally placed with major financial institutions or with counterparties of high credit quality that we believe are minimal credit risks. The oil and natural gas reference prices of these commodity derivatives contracts are based upon oil and natural gas, which have a high degree of historical correlation with actual prices we receive. Under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS 133”), all derivative instruments, unless designated as normal purchases and sales, are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the derivative’s fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. For qualifying cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative is deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to the extent the hedge is effective. For qualifying fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative is offset by related results of the hedged item in the income statement. Gains and losses on hedging instruments included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to oil and natural gas sales revenue in the period that the related production is delivered. Derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment are recorded as derivative assets and liabilities at market value in the consolidated balance sheet, and the associated unrealized gains and losses are recorded in oil and natural gas revenues. As of December 31, 2005, we had three derivative contracts in place that qualified as cash flow hedges and fourteen gas and oil fixed price futures contracts designated as normal sales contracts.

Valuation of Deferred Tax Asset

We compute income taxes in accordance with SFAS 109. The standard requires an asset and liability approach which results in the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of those assets and liabilities. SFAS 109 also requires the recording of a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

SFAS 109 provides for the weighing of positive and negative evidence in determining whether a deferred tax asset is recoverable. We have incurred net operating losses in 2003 and prior years. Relevant accounting guidance suggests that cumulative losses in recent years constitute significant negative evidence, and that future expectations about income are overshadowed by such history of losses. Delays in bringing properties on to production and development cost overruns in 2003 were also significant factors considered in evaluating our deferred tax asset valuation allowance. Accordingly, we established a valuation allowance of $33.6 million as of December 31, 2003. We achieved profitable operations in 2004; however the income generated in 2004 was not sufficient to overcome the negative evidence noted in the prior years. During 2005, we incurred a net loss before income taxes of $2.6 million. See Note 10 “Income Taxes” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Stock Based Compensation

We account for our stock-based employee compensation plans under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB 25), and related interpretations. Under APB 25, no compensation expense is recognized when the exercise price of options equals the fair value (market price) of the underlying stock on the date of grant. We have not yet adopted the recently issued SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment: an Amendment of FASB Statements No 123 and 95” (“SFAS 123R”) and are currently evaluating the expected impact that the adoption of this pronouncement will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. SFAS 123R is effective for all interim or annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005. See Note 3 “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements at December 31, 2005.

 

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to changes in interest rates. Changes in interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents and the interest rate paid on borrowings under the term loan. Under our current policies, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes.

Foreign Currency Risk.

The net assets, net earnings and cash flows from our wholly owned subsidiaries in the U.K. and the Netherlands are based on the U.S. dollar equivalent of such amounts measured in the applicable functional currency. These foreign operations have the potential to impact our financial position due to fluctuations in the local currency arising from the process of re-measuring the local functional currency in the U.S. dollar. We have not utilized derivatives or other financial instruments to hedge the risk associated with the movement in foreign currencies.

Commodity Price Risk

Our revenues, profitability and future growth depend substantially on prevailing prices for oil and natural gas. Prices also affect the amount of cash flow available for capital expenditures and our ability to borrow and raise additional capital. The amount we can borrow under our term loan is subject to periodic re-determination based in part on changing expectations of future prices. Lower prices may also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can economically produce. We currently sell a portion of our oil and natural gas production under price sensitive or market price contracts. We periodically use derivative instruments to hedge our commodity price risk. We hedge a portion of our projected oil and natural gas production through a variety of financial and physical arrangements intended to support oil and natural gas prices at targeted levels and to manage our exposure to price fluctuations. We may use futures contracts, swaps, put options and fixed price physical contracts to hedge our commodity prices. Realized gains and losses from our price risk