10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

Form 10-K

 


 

(Mark One)

x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003

 

OR

 

¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file number: 000-23193

 


 

APPLIED MICRO CIRCUITS CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


 

Delaware

 

94-2586591

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

6290 Sequence Drive

San Diego, California 92121

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (858) 450-9333


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, $0.01 par value


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES x    NO ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes x    No ¨

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1,287,260,281 on May 30, 2003, based upon the closing sale price on the Nasdaq National Market reported for such date. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns 10% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

 

There were 304,082,657 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock issued and outstanding as of May 30, 2003.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Part III incorporates information by reference from the definitive proxy statement for the 2003 annual meeting of stockholders.

 



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         

Page


    

PART I

    

Item 1.

  

Business

  

1

Item 2.

  

Properties

  

11

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

  

11

Item 4.

  

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

  

12

    

PART II

    

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholders Matters

  

13

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

  

14

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  

16

Item 7A.

  

Market Risk

  

42

Item 8.

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

  

42

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

  

42

    

PART III

    

Item 10.

  

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

  

43

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

  

43

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

  

43

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

  

44

Item 14.

  

Controls and Procedures

  

44

    

PART IV

    

Item 15.

  

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

  

45

Signatures

  

47

Certifications

  

49

Financial Statements

  

F-1


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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

All statements included or incorporated by reference in this report, other than statements or characterizations of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this report. Any statement that refers to an expectation, projection or other characterization of future events or circumstances, including the underlying assumptions, is a forward-looking statement. We use certain words and their derivatives such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “plan”, “expect”, “estimate”, “predict”, “intend”, “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “future”, “potential”, and similar expressions in many of the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs, and other assumptions made by us. These statements and the expectations, estimates, projections, beliefs and other assumptions on which they are based are subject to many risks and uncertainties and are inherently subject to change. We describe many of the risks and uncertainties that we face in the “Risk Factors” section in Item 7 and elsewhere in this report. We update our descriptions of the risks and uncertainties facing us in our periodic reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, known as the SEC, in which we report our financial condition and results for the quarter and fiscal year to date. Our actual results and actual events could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statement. Readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement.

 

PART I

 

Item 1.    Business.

 

In this annual report on Form 10-K, “Applied Micro Circuits Corporation”, “AMCC”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Applied Micro Circuits Corporation and all of our consolidated subsidiaries.

 

Applied Micro Circuits Corporation was incorporated and commenced operations in California in 1979. AMCC was reincorporated in Delaware in 1987. Our principal executive offices are located at 6290 Sequence Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and our phone number is 858-450-9333. Our Internet homepage is located at www.amcc.com. The information that can be accessed on or through our Internet homepage is not intended to be part of this report. Various documents concerning us that are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K are available, free of charge, on our Internet homepage. Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “AMCC”.

 

Overview

 

We design, develop, manufacture, and market high-performance, high-bandwidth silicon integrated circuits empowering wide area networks. We utilize a combination of high-frequency analog, mixed-signal and digital design expertise coupled with system-level knowledge and multiple silicon process technologies to offer integrated circuit, or IC, products that enable the transport of voice, video and data over wide area networks. Our customers include leading communications equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, such as Alcatel, Ciena, Cisco, Fujitsu, Hitachi, Huawei, JDS Uniphase, Juniper, Lucent, Marconi, NEC, Nortel, Siemens, and Tellabs.

 

Our objective is to be the premier supplier of high-bandwidth silicon IC solutions for the world’s wide area networks. Our strategy for achieving this objective includes:

 

    focusing on the market leading systems within wide area network markets, including the optical core, metropolitan area networks and access networks, and

 

    providing time-to-market and development cost advantages to our customers by offering complete, fiber-through-switch solutions, and integrated product functionality.

 

Our semiconductor products are used in a wide variety of communications equipment, including routers, optical and digital cross connects, next-generation voice and media gateways, add/drop multiplexers, known by


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the acronym ADMs, multi-service provisioning platforms, known by the acronym MSPPs, multi-service switches, known by the acronym MSSs, and digital subscriber line access multiplexers, known by the acronym DSLAMs. We provide our customers with complete silicon IC solutions, including physical layer products such as transceivers, overhead processor products such as framers and mappers, and higher layer products such as network processors, traffic managers and switch fabrics.

 

Industry Background

 

The Communications Industry

 

Communications technology has evolved considerably over the last several years due to the substantial growth in the Internet and wireless communications. The emergence of new applications, such as video conferencing and wireless web devices, as well as the increase in demand for higher speed, higher bandwidth remote network access have increased network bandwidth requirements.

 

The increase in volume and complexity of this network traffic has led to the development of new technologies for use in these networks. These technologies provide substantially greater transmission capacity, are less error prone and are easier to maintain than copper networks. For example, the SONET standard in North America and Japan and the SDH standard in the rest of the world became the standards for the transmission of signals over optical fiber. The SONET/SDH standards facilitate high data integrity and improved network reliability, while reducing maintenance and other operation costs by standardizing interoperability among equipment from different vendors. With data and video traffic being added in abundance to voice traffic, ATM emerged as a transmission protocol complementary to SONET/SDH to optimize bandwidth utilization. With exponential increases in data traffic and very modest increases in voice traffic, data has become the dominant traffic over all networks today. Because of the bandwidth growth and cost pressures in today’s datacentric networks, more advanced optical networking technologies, such as DWDM, have been adopted. DWDM is the optical multiplexing of different wavelengths of light down a single fiber. Each wavelength is the equivalent of an independent optical channel. DWDM greatly increases the capacity of installed fiber. Complementing DWDM transmission capabilities are emerging technologies such as optical ADMs and cross-connects which can more efficiently switch large optical datapaths through the network. New protocols, such as multi-protocol level switching, known by the acronym MPLS, have emerged that are better suited for data traffic while providing for the low latency and quality of service needs of voice and video traffic. The SONET/SDH standards have also evolved to more efficiently handle these new protocols with general framing protocol and virtual concatenation.

 

The combination of increased traffic and emerging technologies has placed added pressure on the existing communications network infrastructure and made many systems’ architectures inadequate. In the late 1990’s, communication service providers and equipment suppliers were affected by the inadequacy of systems’ architectures and began investing in data networks to meet the rapidly growing demands of their customers. In addition, deregulation of the communications industry and privatization of many European carriers resulted in increased market competition. The abundance of available capital in the public and private markets accelerated the build-out of new network infrastructure. Additional carriers were launched with the goal of capturing significant market share. All of these factors drove a significant increase in capital spending on networking equipment by both the incumbent and emerging carriers.

 

During this period of rapid expansion, our customers placed increased orders with us and their other suppliers to ensure that they had the components needed to fulfill the expected growth in demand for networking equipment. In retrospect, it appears that OEMs ordered more devices than they needed to secure component delivery. This resulted in inventory levels expanding at the OEMs, contract manufacturers, distributors, and component suppliers.

 

This environment changed suddenly at the end of fiscal 2001. As capital markets tightened, the communications industry and the overall economy began to slow down. Many of the incumbent carriers

 

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decreased capital expenditures on networking equipment in an effort to stabilize their financial condition and many of the emerging carriers were unable to attract sufficient customers and failed.

 

Due to this downturn, we experienced a significant drop in sales and orders of our products, and a sharp increase in order cancellations during fiscal 2002. In fiscal 2003, the contraction of carrier capital spending on networking equipment continued, resulting in a further decline in orders and sales of our products. The impact of this downturn has been magnified by the high levels of inventory that existed in the supply chain at the beginning of the downturn.

 

The Communications IC Opportunity

 

Despite the industry downturn, industry analysts report that network traffic continues to grow at a rapid pace. The continuing adoption of broadband technology and next-generation wireless devices is expected to drive additional data traffic through the network infrastructure in the future. To address these opportunities, OEMs are looking to develop systems that are more economically suitable to capitalize on these opportunities. To achieve the performance and functionality required by such systems, these OEMs must utilize more complex ICs. As a result of the pace of new product introductions, the proliferation of standards to be accommodated and the costs and difficulty of designing and producing the required ICs, equipment suppliers have increasingly outsourced these ICs to semiconductor firms with specialized expertise. These trends have created a significant opportunity for IC suppliers that can design cost-effective solutions for the transmission of data. IC suppliers must utilize a variety of skills and technologies to satisfy the requirements of communications OEMs. These OEMs require IC suppliers that possess system-level expertise and can quickly bring to market high-performance, highly reliable, power-efficient ICs. These OEMs seek suppliers with both analog and digital expertise to provide a more complete solution that enables faster integration into the system design and higher performance.

 

The Transition from ASICs to ASSPs

 

Application specific integrated circuits, known by the acronym ASICs, are custom products that are designed for only one customer, and can be sold only to that one customer. Application specific standard products, known by the acronym ASSPs, are standardized products that are designed for, and can be used by, multiple customers. Our customers are looking for ways to accelerate their time-to-market, reduce research and development cost, and ensure interoperability of components in their systems. ASSPs generally can be designed into the systems and brought to market in less time and for less cost. As more companies realize the development cost and time-to-market benefits that ASSPs provide, the more apt they are to use ASSPs in the future. Most of our products are ASSPs, and we believe that the trend towards greater usage of ASSPs in communications network systems will continue.

 

AMCC Strategy

 

Our objective is to be the leading supplier of high-performance, high-bandwidth silicon IC solutions for the world’s wide area networks, including the optical core, metropolitan area networks and access networks. To achieve this objective, we employ the following strategies:

 

Focus on the Market Leading Systems within the Wide Area Network Markets

 

We target key OEM product families that hold significant and/or rapidly growing market share. We have built substantial competencies focused on the specific requirements of these key OEM product families in the areas of semiconductor process technology, mixed-signal, very dense digital design, and substantial expertise in systems architecture, software and applications support. We believe that the integration of these capabilities enables us to optimize solutions addressing the high-bandwidth connectivity requirements of market leading communications equipment suppliers.

 

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Provide a Time-to-Market and Development Cost Advantage to Our Customers by Offering Complete Fiber-Through-Switch Solutions and Integrated Product Functionality

 

Due to the extended downturn in the communications industry, our OEM customers must become more efficient with their engineering resources and have significantly cut equipment development budgets. Our strategy is to provide our customers with fiber-through-switch silicon IC solutions. We believe this comprehensive solution strategy provides our customers with guaranteed interoperability, pre-designed subsystems, better-cost economics, and system-level expertise. The result is faster time-to-market, better performance and lower development cost. To continue these customer benefits in future generations of products, we are pursuing an aggressive integration strategy to provide greater functionality in fewer ICs.

 

Products and Customers

 

We have several types of communications IC products which are categorized by the order in which they receive and transmit signals and information within communication equipment. These categories are:

 

Physical Layer:    Our physical layer ICs transmit and receive signals in a very high-speed serial format (over 40 gigabits per second, or Gbps, today) and reduce overall system “noise”. This low noise capability permits the transmission of signals over greater distances with fewer errors. Our physical layer ICs also convert high-speed serial formats to low-speed parallel formats for the framing layer and vice versa.

 

We introduced our first generation of physical layer products in 1993. We have since developed several generations of these products improving cost, power, functionality, and performance. During fiscal 2003, we introduced another generation of OC-12 (625 megabits per second) and our first generation of OC-192 (10 Gbps) physical layer devices with dispersion compensation. Our current customers for physical layer products include Alcatel, Ciena, Cisco, Fujitsu, Hitachi, JDS Uniphase, Juniper, Lucent, Marconi, Nortel, and Tellabs.

 

Framing Layer:    Our framing layer ICs transmit and receive signals to and from the physical layer in a parallel format and are used predominately in systems, such as very high-speed transmission equipment, ADMs, digital and optical cross-connects, edge and core routers, and DWDM. After receiving the signals, these ICs then perform a number of additional functions, including framing, terminating the overhead, performance monitoring, forward error correction, and mapping the data payload to/from the transmission format. The framing layer ICs then pass the data either directly to a switch fabric product which switches the information to its destination, or to a network processor, which further processes the data prior to forwarding it to a switch fabric product. Framing layer ICs similarly process signals received from the network processing and switching layers for transmission to the physical layer on their return to the optical network.

 

During fiscal 2003, we introduced several framing layer products for the OC-12, OC-48 and OC-192 markets. These devices include the Evros device, which is our deeply channelized termination framer for DS1, and our first OC-192 framer with enhanced forward error correction. Our current customers for framing layer products include Ciena, Cisco, Lucent, Marconi, NEC, Nortel, and Tellabs.

 

Network Processing Layer:    Our network processor ICs are software programmable processors that receive and transmit signals from and to the framing layer and perform the processing of packet and cell headers, including such functions as real-time parsing, matching and table look-up, as well as bit stream manipulations, such as adding, deleting, substituting, appending and pre-pending. They can perform intelligent packet classification for policy-based network services. After processing, the signals are sent on to the traffic management and switch fabric layer.

 

During fiscal 2003, we announced our second generation of metro Ethernet network processors, the nP3450 and nP3454. Our current customers for network processing products include Alcatel, Cisco, Fujitsu, Juniper, Lucent, and Nortel.

 

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Traffic Management and Switching Layer: Our traffic management ICs receive and transmit signals from and to the network processor and primarily perform the queuing and buffering required on packets before the information is sent to the switch fabric. Our switch fabric ICs then switch the information in the proper priority and to the proper destinations.

 

In fiscal 2002, we introduced the nPX5700, a 10Gbps traffic management solution. Additionally, we introduced two new packet switching solutions, the nPX5800 targeted for system switching capacities of 160 Gbps and below and the nPX8000, a packet/cell switch capable of scaling to 1.2 terabits per second of switching capacity. Our current customers for traffic management and switching layer products include Alcatel, Cisco, Fujitsu, Inrange, Lucent, Nortel and Siemens.

 

Automated Test Equipment, Military and High-Speed Computing Products: We are not currently developing new products for the Automated Test Equipment, known by the acronym ATE, or military markets, but we continue to sell ASIC products to customers such as Agilent, Harris, IBM, LTX, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon, Schlumberger, Teradyne and Texas Instruments. The majority of these products were manufactured in our internal wafer manufacturing facility, which closed in March 2003. We are currently filling last-time-buy orders for these products. Our high-speed computing products were not manufactured in our internal wafer manufacturing facility, and we will continue to sell these products for the foreseeable future. The revenue from such products is expected to be modest.

 

Technology

 

We utilize our technological and design expertise to solve the problems of high-speed analog, digital and mixed-signal circuit designs for the world’s wide area networks. Our technological competencies include the definition and design of high-performance analog, digital and mixed-signal ICs for optical communications systems.

 

Knowledge of Communications ICs

 

We believe that our systems architects, design engineers and technical marketing and applications engineers have a thorough understanding of the fiber optic communications systems for which we design and build ASSPs. Using this systems expertise, we develop semiconductor devices to meet OEMs’ high-bandwidth systems requirements. By understanding the systems into which our products are designed, we believe that we are better able to anticipate and develop solutions optimized for the various cost, power and performance trade-offs faced by our customers. We believe that our systems knowledge also enables us to develop more comprehensive, interoperable solutions. This allows us to develop boards with products that fulfill customers’ system needs from fiber-through-switch, enabling faster integration into their products.

 

Design of Communications ICs

 

We have developed multiple generations of products that integrate both analog and digital elements on the same IC, while balancing the difficult trade-offs of speed, power and timing inherent in high-speed applications. We were one of the first companies to embed analog phase locked loops in bipolar chips with digital logic for high-speed data transmission and receiver applications. Since the introduction of our first on-chip clock recovery and clock synthesis products in 1993, we have refined these products and have successfully integrated multiple analog functions and multiple channels on the same IC. The mixing of digital and analog signals poses difficult challenges for IC designers, particularly at high frequencies. We have acquired significant expertise in mixed-signal IC designs through the development of multiple generations of products. We will continue to apply these competencies in the development of more complex digital products.

 

Manufacturing of Communications ICs

 

The manufacturing of communications ICs requires a combination of competencies in advanced silicon technologies such as deep submicron CMOS and BiCMOS silicon germanium, or SiGe, IC package design and

 

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manufacturing, and high speed test and characterization. We have obtained access to advanced CMOS and SiGe processes through foundry relationships. We have substantial experience in the development and use of plastic and ceramic packages for high-performance applications. The selection of the optimal package solution is a vital element of the delivery of high-performance products and involves balancing cost, size, thermal management, and technical performance.

 

Research and Development

 

Our research and development expertise and efforts are focused on the development of high-performance analog, digital and mixed-signal ASSPs for wide area network applications. We also develop high-performance libraries and design methodologies that are optimized for these applications.

 

Our product development is focused on building high-performance, high-gate-count digital and analog-intensive designs that are incorporated into well-documented blocks that can be reused for multiple products. We have made, and will continue to make, significant investments in advanced design tools to leverage our engineering staff. Our product development is driven by the imperatives of reducing design cycle time, increasing first-time design correctness, adhering to disciplined, well documented design processes, and continuing to be responsive to customer needs. We are also developing high-performance packages for our products in collaboration with our packaging suppliers and our customers. Our primary research and development facilities are located in San Diego, California, Sunnyvale, California, Andover, Massachusetts, and Netanya, Israel.

 

Manufacturing

 

Wafer Fabrication

 

Through fiscal 2003, we manufactured a portion of our IC products, which utilized bipolar and BiCMOS process technologies, at our internal wafer fabrication facility in San Diego. In March 2003, we discontinued manufacturing products in this facility and are in the final stages of closing the facility entirely. Going forward, we will be a fabless semiconductor company, meaning we will not own or operate any foundries for the production of silicon wafers from which our products are made. We will continue to use external foundries such as IBM, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (“TSMC”) and United Microelectronics Corporation (“UMC”), for a majority of our production of silicon wafers. Subcontracting our manufacturing requirements eliminates the high fixed cost of owning and operating a semiconductor wafer fabrication facility and enables us to focus our resources on design and test applications where we believe we have greater competitive advantages.

 

Assembly, Test and Raw Materials

 

The majority of our wafer probe testing is conducted at our internal testing facility. We also utilize our external foundries and independent wafer probe test subcontractors for testing our products. After the wafers are probed, the majority of our products are sent to multiple subcontractors located in Asia and the United States for assembly. Following assembly, some of the devices are tested at the subcontractors and returned to us ready for shipment to our customers; however, a majority of the packaged units are returned to us for final testing and marking prior to shipment to customers. We purchase our ceramic packages from several vendors including Kyocera America, Motorola and NTK Ceramics and our plastic packaging from Amkor, ASE and ASAT. Certain of these materials or services are available from a limited number of sources and lead times are occasionally extended.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

Our sales and marketing strategy is to develop strong, engineering-intensive relationships with the design teams of the market leading platforms at our customers. We maintain close working relationships with these customers so our marketing team can focus on identifying and developing new products that will meet their

 

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needs in the future and so we are involved in the early stages of our customers plans to design new equipment. We sell our products both directly and through a network of independent manufacturers’ representatives and distributors. Our direct sales force is technically trained. Expert technical support is critical to our customers’ success and we provide such support through our field applications engineers, technical marketing team and engineering staff, as well as through our extranet technical support web site.

 

We augment this strategic account sales approach with domestic and foreign distributors that service primarily smaller accounts purchasing ASSPs. In North America, we have one primary distributor. Internationally, we sell our products through manufacturers’ representatives and distributors. Typically, these distributors handle a wide variety of products, including those that compete with our products, and fill orders for many customers. Most of our sales to distributors are made under agreements allowing for price protection and right of return on stipulated quantities of unsold merchandise. Our sales headquarters is located in San Diego, California. We maintain sales offices throughout the world.

 

Backlog

 

Our sales are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for the delivery of products. Quantities of our products to be delivered and delivery schedules are frequently revised to reflect changes in customers’ needs; customer orders generally can be cancelled or rescheduled without significant penalty to the customer. For these reasons, our backlog as of any particular date is not representative of actual sales for any succeeding period, and therefore, we believe that backlog is not necessarily a good indicator of future revenue.

 

Competition

 

In the communications IC markets, we compete primarily against companies such as Agere, Broadcom, Intel, Mindspeed, PMC-Sierra, and Vitesse. In addition, certain of our customers or potential customers have internal IC design or manufacturing capability with which we compete.

 

The communications IC markets are highly competitive and are subject to rapid technological change, evolving standards, short product life cycles, and price erosion. We typically face competition at the design stage when our customers are selecting which semiconductor components to use in their next generation equipment. We believe that the principal factors of competition for the markets we serve include: product performance, quality, reliability, integration, price, and time-to-market, as well as the Company’s reputation and level of customer support. Our ability to successfully compete in these markets depends on our ability to design and subcontract the manufacture of new products that implement new technologies and gain end market acceptance in a time efficient and cost effective manner.

 

Proprietary Rights

 

We rely in part on patents to protect our intellectual property. We have been issued 90 patents, which principally cover certain aspects of the design and architecture of our IC products. In addition, we have over 200 inventions in various stages of the patenting process in the United States and abroad. There can be no assurance that our pending patent applications or any future applications will be approved, or that any issued patents will provide us with competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties or that if challenged, will be found to be valid or enforceable, or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on our ability to do business. There can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar products or processes, duplicate our products or processes or design around any patents that may be issued to us.

 

To protect our intellectual property, we also rely on a combination of mask work protection under the Federal Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984, trademarks, copyrights, trade secret laws, employee and third-party nondisclosure agreements and licensing arrangements.

 

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As a general matter, the semiconductor industry is characterized by substantial litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. In the past we have been, and in the future may be, notified that we may be infringing on the intellectual property rights of third parties. We have certain indemnification obligations to customers with respect to the infringement of third party intellectual property rights by our products. There can be no assurance that infringement claims by third parties or claims for indemnification by customers or end users of our products resulting from infringement claims will not be asserted in the future or that such assertions, if proven to be true, will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. In the event of any adverse ruling in any such matter, we could be required to pay substantial damages, which could include treble damages, cease the manufacture, use and sale of infringing products, discontinue the use of certain processes or obtain a license under the intellectual property rights of the third party claiming infringement. There can be no assurance that a license would be available on reasonable terms or at all. Any limitations on our ability to market our products, any delays and costs associated with redesigning our products or payments of license fees to third parties or any failure by us to develop or license a substitute technology on commercially reasonable terms could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

 

Environmental Matters

 

We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local governmental regulations related to the use, storage, discharge and disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals that were used in our manufacturing process. Any failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in the imposition of fines, the suspension of production or a cessation of operations. Such regulations could require us to acquire costly equipment or incur other significant expenses to comply with environmental regulations or clean up prior discharges. Since 1993, we have been named as a potentially responsible party, also known as a PRP, along with a large number of other companies that used Omega Chemical Corporation in Whittier, California to handle and dispose of certain hazardous waste material. We are a member of a large group of PRPs that has agreed to fund certain remediation efforts at the Omega Chemical site, which efforts are ongoing.

 

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EMPLOYEES

 

As of March 31, 2003, we had 856 full-time employees: 82 in administration, 479 in research and development, 135 in operations, and 160 in marketing and sales. Our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel is essential to our continued success. None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, nor have we ever experienced any work stoppage.

 

Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

Our executive officers and their ages as of May 5, 2003, are as follows:

 

Name


  

Age


  

Position


David M. Rickey

  

47

  

Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer and President

Roger A. Smullen, Sr.

  

67

  

Vice Chairman of the Board

Brent E. Little

  

39

  

Senior Vice President, Marketing

Stephen M. Smith

  

44

  

Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Ramakrishna R. Sudireddy

  

36

  

Senior Vice President, Engineering

Thomas L. Tullie

  

38

  

Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales

Timothy M. Heenan

  

44

  

Vice President, Operations

Candace H. Kilburn

  

49

  

Vice President, Human Resources and Community Relations

 

David M. Rickey re-joined us in February 1996 as President, Chief Executive Officer and as a Director. In August 2000, Mr. Rickey was appointed Chairman of the Board. From August 1993 to May 1995, Mr. Rickey served as our Vice President of Operations. From May 1995 to February 1996, Mr. Rickey served as Vice President of Operations at NexGen, a semiconductor company. Previously, for eight years, Mr. Rickey was employed by Northern Telecom, Inc., a telecommunications manufacturer now known as Nortel Networks Corporation, where he led the wafer fab engineering and manufacturing operations in both Ottawa, Canada and San Diego, California. Mr. Rickey has earned B.S. degrees from both Marietta College (summa cum laude) and Columbia University. In addition, Mr. Rickey received a M.S. in Materials Science and Engineering from Stanford University.

 

Roger A. Smullen, Sr. was elected Vice Chairman of the Board in August 2000. Mr. Smullen served as the Chairman of the Board from October 1982 to August 2000. Mr. Smullen also served as our Acting Vice President, Operations from August 1997 through October 1997 and our Chief Executive Officer from April 1983 until April 1987. Previously, he was Senior Vice President of Operations of Intersil, Inc.’s semiconductor division. In 1967, Mr. Smullen co-founded National Semiconductor Corporation, a manufacturer of integrated circuits. Prior to that, he was Director of Integrated Circuits at Fairchild Semiconductor, a manufacturer of integrated circuits. Mr. Smullen is currently a Director of Micro Linear Corporation, a manufacturer of integrated circuits. He holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Minnesota.

 

Brent E. Little joined us in 1991. Mr. Little was promoted to a Senior Vice President in January 2001. Prior to this time, Mr. Little held several marketing management positions with us, including Director of Strategic Marketing and Director of Marketing for ASIC products. Prior to joining us, Mr. Little worked as Business Development Manager for Analysis and Technology, Inc. and worked with the U.S. Navy as a Project Engineer. Mr. Little earned a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

 

Stephen M. Smith joined us in October 1999. Mr. Smith was promoted to Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in April 2003. Prior to this time, Mr. Smith held various positions with us, including Vice President, Business Development and Vice President, Controller. From May 1998 to October 1999, Mr. Smith worked at ST Microelectronics, a semiconductor company, as the Director of a key strategic business unit. Additionally, Mr. Smith worked for STM from January 1993 until May 1997 as the Director of Finance, Region

 

9


Table of Contents

Americas. From May 1997 to May 1998, Mr. Smith served as Vice President, Finance for Vixel Corporation, a Fibre Channel company. Mr. Smith also spent eight years with Northern Telecom, Inc., where he held a number of financial management positions. Mr. Smith holds a B.S. degree from Arizona State University.

 

Ramakrishna R. Sudireddy joined us in March 1999 when AMCC acquired Cimaron Communications. Mr. Sudireddy was promoted to Senior Vice President in January 2001. Before co-founding Cimaron in January 1998, Mr. Sudireddy founded Siltek Corporation in 1996, and served as its Vice President of Research and Development until 1997. From 1991 to 1996, Mr. Sudireddy was a Member of Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories. Mr. Sudireddy has a M.S. in Computer Engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Lowell, and a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Nagarjuna University in Guntur, India.

 

Thomas L. Tullie joined us as Vice President, Sales in August 1996. Mr. Tullie was promoted to Senior Vice President in January 2001. From 1989 to 1996, Mr. Tullie held several strategic sales management positions, most recently as Director of East Coast Sales, at S-MOS Systems, a semiconductor company. Prior to joining S-MOS Systems, Mr. Tullie was a designer in the workstations group of Digital Equipment Corporation. Mr. Tullie earned a B.S. degree from the University of Massachusetts and an M.B.A. from Clark University.

 

Timothy M. Heenan joined us in October 2000 when we acquired MMC Networks. Mr. Heenan was promoted to Vice President of Operations in August 2001. Prior to joining MMC Networks, Mr. Heenan was the Director of Test Operations at Cirrus Logic, Inc., where he was responsible for worldwide manufacturing test operations. Before his tenure at Cirrus Logic, Mr. Heenan held various engineering positions at Signetics Corporation. Mr. Heenan holds a B.S. degree in Materials Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a M.S. degree in Engineering Management from Santa Clara University.

 

Candace H. Kilburn, joined us in September 1996 as Director of Human Resources and was promoted to Vice President in August 1999. From 1990 to 1996, Ms. Kilburn served as Director of Human Resources with Buck Knives Inc. where she was responsible for international human resources. She has also held positions at Handyman Corporation and Rohr Industries. Ms. Kilburn earned a B.S. in Business Administration from United States International University, and an M.B.A. from Chapman University.

 

10


Table of Contents

Item 2.    Properties.

 

Our corporate headquarters are located in San Diego, California. Below is a summary of material properties leased on March 31, 2003 (net of subleases):

 

Location


  

Lease

Expiration


  

Square

Footage


  

Use


San Diego, California

  

2007

  

90,000

  

Executive offices, sales headquarters, test and assembly

San Diego, California

  

2010

  

58,000

  

Engineering headquarters

         
    

Total San Diego, California

       

148,000

    

Andover, Massachusetts

  

2005

  

73,000

  

Engineering, sales and marketing

Sunnyvale, California

  

2005

  

115,000

  

Engineering, sales and marketing

Other United States locations

  

Various

dates

through

2005

  

58,000

  

Engineering, sales and marketing applications

Foreign locations

  

Various

dates

through

2005

  

30,000

  

Engineering, sales and marketing applications

         
    

Total facilities

       

424,000

    
         
    

 

In an effort to improve the efficiency of the workforce and reduce our cost structure, we implemented a plan to consolidate our workforce into certain designated facilities. As a result, approximately 19,000 square feet of unoccupied properties with non-cancelable lease commitments expiring through fiscal 2005 have been excluded from the above summary. We plan to vacate approximately 96,000 square feet of leased properties in fiscal 2004 with non-cancelable lease commitments expiring through 2010.

 

We own 32 acres of undeveloped land in Poway, California. We have an agreement to sell this land in fiscal 2004 and are currently in escrow.

 

Our foreign locations consist of the following: Kanata, Canada; Manchester, United Kingdom; Cheshire, United Kingdom; Munich, Germany; Paris, France; Tokyo, Japan; Shenzhen and Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; and Netanya, Israel.

 

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings

 

In April 2001, a series of similar federal complaints were filed against us and certain of our executive officers and directors. The complaints have been consolidated into a single proceeding in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California. In re Applied Micro Circuits Corp. Securities Litigation, lead case number 01-CV-0649-K(AB). In November 2001, the court appointed the lead plaintiff and lead plaintiff’s counsel in the consolidated proceeding, and plaintiff filed a consolidated federal complaint in January 2002. The consolidated federal complaint alleged violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “1934 Act”) and was brought as a purported shareholder class action under Sections 10(b), 20(a) and 20A of the 1934 Act and Rule 10b-5 under the 1934 Act. Plaintiff sought monetary damages on behalf of the shareholder class. Defendants brought a motion to dismiss the consolidated federal complaint in March 2002. On May 9, 2002, the court granted the motion, dismissing the complaint, but giving plaintiff 45 days to file an amended complaint. On June 23, 2002, plaintiff filed an amended consolidated complaint. In general, the amended consolidated federal complaint alleges that we and the individual defendants misrepresented our financial prospects for the quarters ended December 31, 2000 and March 30, 2001, in order to inflate the value of our stock. Defendants brought a motion to dismiss the amended consolidated complaint, which motion was denied in October 2002. Discovery in this matter has

 

11


Table of Contents

commenced and is expected to continue throughout calendar year 2003, with expert discovery scheduled for calendar year 2004 and trial for calendar year 2005.

 

In May 2001, a series of similar state derivative actions were filed against our directors and certain executive officers. The state complaints have been coordinated and assigned to the Superior Court of California in the County of San Diego. Applied Micro Circuits Shareholders Cases, No. JCCP No. 4193. In November 2001, the court appointed liaison plaintiffs’ counsel in the coordinated proceeding, and plaintiffs filed a consolidated state complaint in December 2001. The consolidated state complaint alleges overstatement of our financial prospects, mismanagement, inflation of stock value and sale of stock at inflated prices for personal gain during the period from November 2000 through February 2001. Defendants demurred to the consolidated state complaint, which demurrer was partially granted and partially overruled in February 2002. In February 2002, our board of directors formed a special litigation committee to evaluate the claims in the consolidated state complaint. The special litigation committee retained independent legal counsel and submitted a report to the court in July 2002. Defendants filed a motion seeking dismissal of the consolidated action. On May 28, 2003, the court issued a tentative ruling denying defendants’ motion. We expect oral argument regarding the court’s tentative ruling to take place in June 2003. Limited discovery relating to the special litigation committee and its report has taken place.

 

We believe that the allegations in these lawsuits are without merit and intend to defend against the lawsuits vigorously. We cannot predict the likely outcome of these lawsuits, and an adverse result in either lawsuit could have a material adverse effect on us. The lawsuits have been tendered to our insurance carriers.

 

We are currently involved in binding arbitration with Paxonet Communications, Inc. to determine whether we had breached an alleged agreement to provide Paxonet with a loan of $4 million. We deny the existence of any enforceable agreement to provide such a loan and are vigorously resisting Paxonet’s claim. The arbitration hearing was held in May 2003, and the arbitrator’s decision is expected before July 2003.

 

Since 1993, we have been named as a PRP along with a large number of other companies that used Omega Chemical Corporation in Whittier, California to handle and dispose of certain hazardous waste material. We are a member of a large group of PRPs that has agreed to fund certain remediation efforts at the Omega Chemical site for which we have accrued approximately $100,000. In September 2000, we entered into a consent decree with the Environmental Protection Agency, pursuant to which we agreed to fund our proportionate share of the initial remediation efforts at the Omega Chemical site.

 

We are also party to various claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, including notification of possible infringement on the intellectual property rights of third parties.

 

Although the ultimate outcome of these matters is not presently determinable, we believe that the resolution of all such pending matters, net of amounts accrued, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or liquidity; however, there can be no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material impact on our results of operations in any period.

 

Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

 

No matters were submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003.

 

12


Table of Contents

PART II

 

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.

 

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol AMCC. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market for the periods indicated.

 

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2002


  

High


  

Low


First Quarter

  

$

33.10

  

$

11.25

Second Quarter

  

$

19.69

  

$

6.23

Third Quarter

  

$

16.32

  

$

6.01

Fourth Quarter

  

$

13.68

  

$

7.50

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2003


  

High


  

Low


First Quarter

  

$

8.89

  

$

3.90

Second Quarter

  

$

5.25

  

$

2.80

Third Quarter

  

$

5.30

  

$

2.45

Fourth Quarter

  

$

4.45

  

$

3.20

 

On May 30, 2003, there were approximately 815 holders of record of our common stock.

 

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock.

 

There were no sales of equity securities by us that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003.

 

13


Table of Contents

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data.

 

The following table sets forth selected financial data for each of our last five fiscal years ended March 31, 2003. This information includes the results of operations of acquisitions accounted for using the purchase method of accounting commencing as of their respective acquisition dates (Note 5 to Consolidated Financial Statements). You should read this data together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes, as well as “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, contained elsewhere in this report.

 

    

March 31,


 
    

1999


  

2000


  

2001


    

2002


    

2003


 
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

                                        

Net revenues

  

$

105,000

  

$

172,352

  

$

435,543

 

  

$

152,840

 

  

$

101,591

 

Cost of revenues

  

 

37,937

  

 

50,218

  

 

165,986

 

  

 

150,924

 

  

 

61,900

 

    

  

  


  


  


Gross profit

  

 

67,063

  

 

122,134

  

 

269,557

 

  

 

1,916

 

  

 

39,691

 

Operating expenses:

                                        

Research and development

  

 

22,250

  

 

32,477

  

 

105,178

 

  

 

154,622

 

  

 

131,909

 

Selling, general and administrative

  

 

17,705

  

 

27,945

  

 

69,172

 

  

 

75,656

 

  

 

59,588

 

Stock-based compensation:

                                        

Research and development

  

 

223

  

 

338

  

 

41,350

 

  

 

71,760

 

  

 

70,840

 

Selling, general and administrative

  

 

619

  

 

254

  

 

35,667

 

  

 

66,425

 

  

 

58,510

 

Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangibles

  

 

  

 

  

 

308,835

 

  

 

239,563

 

  

 

 

Purchased intangible asset impairment charges

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

204,284

 

Goodwill impairment charge

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

3,101,817

 

  

 

186,389

 

Restructuring charges

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

11,577

 

  

 

7,250

 

Acquired in-process research and development

  

 

  

 

  

 

202,100

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

Merger-related costs

  

 

2,350

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

    

  

  


  


  


Total operating expenses

  

 

43,147

  

 

61,014

  

 

762,302

 

  

 

3,721,420

 

  

 

718,770

 

    

  

  


  


  


Operating income (loss)

  

 

23,916

  

 

61,120

  

 

(492,745

)

  

 

(3,719,504

)

  

 

(679,079

)

Other income (expense), net

  

 

131

  

 

1

  

 

113

 

  

 

(14,592

)

  

 

(11,952

)

Interest income, net

  

 

3,319

  

 

12,871

  

 

55,336

 

  

 

47,477

 

  

 

47,719

 

    

  

  


  


  


Income (loss) before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

27,366

  

 

73,992

  

 

(437,296

)

  

 

(3,686,619

)

  

 

(643,312

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

  

 

10,233

  

 

25,367

  

 

(1,081

)

  

 

(80,929

)

  

 

 

    

  

  


  


  


Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

17,133

  

 

48,625

  

 

(436,215

)

  

 

(3,605,690

)

  

 

(643,312

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

(102,229

)

    

  

  


  


  


Net income (loss)

  

$

17,133

  

$

48,625

  

$

(436,215

)

  

$

(3,605,690

)

  

$

(745,541

)

    

  

  


  


  


Diluted earnings (loss) per share:

                                        

Diluted earnings (loss) per share before cumulative effect of accounting change

  

$

0.08

  

$

0.20

  

$

(1.63

)

  

$

(12.08

)

  

$

(2.14

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

(0.33

)

    

  

  


  


  


Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  

$

0.08

  

$

0.20

  

$

(1.63

)

  

$

(12.08

)

  

$

(2.47

)

    

  

  


  


  


Shares used in calculating diluted earnings (loss) per share

  

 

219,440

  

 

238,304

  

 

267,363

 

  

 

298,502

 

  

 

301,252

 

    

  

  


  


  


Consolidated Selected Balance Sheet Data:

                                        

Working capital

  

$

103,617

  

$

977,621

  

$

1,208,226

 

  

$

1,060,364

 

  

$

1,021,175

 

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

  

 

  

 

  

 

4,008,440

 

  

 

590,610

 

  

 

88,219

 

Total assets

  

 

150,655

  

 

1,046,882

  

 

5,453,278

 

  

 

1,829,193

 

  

 

1,224,557

 

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations including current portion

  

 

10,495

  

 

7,417

  

 

3,530

 

  

 

2,283

 

  

 

1,265

 

Total stockholders’ equity

  

 

121,694

  

 

1,013,805

  

 

5,238,101

 

  

 

1,771,251

 

  

 

1,172,188

 

 

14


Table of Contents

Quarterly Comparisons

 

The following table sets forth consolidated statements of operations for each of our last eight quarters. This quarterly information is unaudited and has been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, this quarterly information reflects all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the periods presented. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period. You should read this data together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes, as well as “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, contained elsewhere in this report.

 

   

Fiscal 2002


   

Fiscal 2003


 
   

Q1


   

Q2


   

Q3


   

Q4


   

Q1


   

Q2


   

Q3


   

Q4


 
   

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Net revenues

 

$

41,206

 

 

$

41,302

 

 

$

40,220

 

 

$

30,112

 

 

$

30,155

 

 

$

30,219

 

 

$

21,114

 

 

$

20,103

 

Cost of revenues (1)

 

 

50,662

 

 

 

33,217

 

 

 

32,534

 

 

 

34,511

 

 

 

17,639

 

 

 

16,503

 

 

 

14,327

 

 

 

13,431

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Gross profit (loss)

 

 

(9,456

)

 

 

8,085

 

 

 

7,686

 

 

 

(4,399

)

 

 

12,516

 

 

 

13,716

 

 

 

6,787

 

 

 

6,672

 

Operating expenses:

                                                               

Research and development

 

 

39,049

 

 

 

39,770

 

 

 

38,275

 

 

 

37,528

 

 

 

35,497

 

 

 

33,441

 

 

 

32,040

 

 

 

30,931

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

20,438

 

 

 

19,355

 

 

 

18,277

 

 

 

17,586

 

 

 

16,326

 

 

 

14,989

 

 

 

14,467

 

 

 

13,806

 

Stock-based compensation:

                                                               

Research and development

 

 

18,371

 

 

 

18,368

 

 

 

18,370

 

 

 

16,651

 

 

 

40,677

 

 

 

11,413

 

 

 

10,467

 

 

 

8,283

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

17,198

 

 

 

17,198

 

 

 

17,196

 

 

 

14,833

 

 

 

26,630

 

 

 

24,104

 

 

 

4,286

 

 

 

3,490

 

Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangibles

 

 

169,548

 

 

 

23,339

 

 

 

23,339

 

 

 

23,337

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchased intangible asset impairment charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

204,284

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill impairment charge

 

 

3,101,817

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

186,389

 

Restructuring charges

 

 

 

 

 

11,177

 

 

 

200

 

 

 

200

 

 

 

2,500

 

 

 

3,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,750

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total operating expenses

 

 

3,366,421

 

 

 

129,207

 

 

 

115,657

 

 

 

110,135

 

 

 

325,914

 

 

 

86,947

 

 

 

61,260

 

 

 

244,649

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Operating loss

 

 

(3,375,877

)

 

 

(121,122

)

 

 

(107,971

)

 

 

(114,534

)

 

 

(313,398

)

 

 

(73,231

)

 

 

(54,473

)

 

 

(237,977

)

Other income (expense), net

 

 

(8,742

)

 

 

(4,995

)

 

 

(433

)

 

 

(422

)

 

 

(130

)

 

 

(12,811

)

 

 

3,657

 

 

 

(2,668

)

Interest income, net

 

 

13,625

 

 

 

13,162

 

 

 

10,872

 

 

 

9,818

 

 

 

10,853

 

 

 

13,606

 

 

 

11,757

 

 

 

11,503

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change

 

 

(3,370,994

)

 

 

(112,955

)

 

 

(97,532

)

 

 

(105,138

)

 

 

(302,675

)

 

 

(72,436

)

 

 

(39,059

)

 

 

(229,142

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

 

(32,814

)

 

 

(17,012

)

 

 

(16,231

)

 

 

(14,872

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

 

 

(3,338,180

)

 

 

(95,943

)

 

 

(81,301

)

 

 

(90,266

)

 

 

(302,675

)

 

 

(72,436

)

 

 

(39,059

)

 

 

(229,142

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(102,229

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net loss

 

$

(3,338,180

)

 

$

(95,943

)

 

$

(81,301

)

 

$

(90,266

)

 

$

(404,904

)

 

$

(72,436

)

 

$

(39,059

)

 

$

(229,142

)

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Basic and diluted loss per share before cumulative effect of accounting change

 

$

(11.18

)

 

$

(0.32

)

 

$

(0.27

)

 

$

(0.30

)

 

$

(1.01

)

 

$

(0.24

)

 

$

(0.13

)

 

$

(0.76

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(0.34

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Diluted loss per share

 

$

(11.18

)

 

$

(0.32

)

 

$

(0.27

)

 

$

(0.30

)

 

$

(1.35

)

 

$

(0.24

)

 

$

(0.13

)

 

$

(0.76

)

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Shares used in calculating diluted loss per share

 

 

298,549

 

 

 

299,235

 

 

 

297,360

 

 

 

298,865

 

 

 

299,811

 

 

 

300,701

 

 

 

301,622

 

 

 

302,875

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 



(1)    Cost of revenues includes the following (in thousands):

       

Stock-based compensation .

 

$

1,237

 

 

$

1,227

 

 

$

1,227

 

 

$

5,189

 

 

$

1,437

 

 

$

419

 

 

$

400

 

 

$

280

 

Amortization of purchased intangibles

 

 

14,585

 

 

 

14,586

 

 

 

14,584

 

 

 

14,584

 

 

 

1,572

 

 

 

1,571

 

 

 

1,572

 

 

 

1,572

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


   

$

15,822

 

 

$

15,813

 

 

$

15,811

 

 

$

19,773

 

 

$

3,009

 

 

$

1,990

 

 

$

1,972

 

 

$

1,852

 

   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

15


Table of Contents

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, or MD&A, is provided as a supplement to the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes to help provide an understanding of our financial condition, changes in our financial condition and results of our operations. The MD&A is organized as follows:

 

    Caution concerning forward-looking statements.    This section discusses how certain forward-looking statements made by us throughout MD&A and elsewhere in this report are based on management’s present expectations about future events and are inherently susceptible to uncertainty and changes in circumstances.

 

    Overview.    This section provides a general description of our business.

 

    Critical accounting policies.    This section discusses those accounting policies that are both considered important to our financial condition and operating results and require significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in their application.

 

    Results of operations.    This section provides an analysis of our results of operations for each of the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2003. A brief description is provided of transactions and events that impact the comparability of the results being analyzed.

 

    Financial condition and liquidity.    This section provides an analysis of our cash position and cash flows, as well as a discussion of our financing arrangements.

 

    Risk factors.    This section provides a description of risk factors that could adversely affect our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

 

CAUTION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This section should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this report. Any statement that refers to an expectation, projection or other characterization of future events or circumstances, including the underlying assumptions, is a forward-looking statement. We use certain words and their derivatives such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “plan”, “expect”, “estimate”, “predict”, “intend”, “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “future”, “potential”, and similar expressions in many of the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs, and other assumptions made by us. These statements and the expectations, estimates, projections, beliefs and other assumptions on which they are based are subject to many risks and uncertainties and are inherently subject to change. We describe many of the risks and uncertainties that we face in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this report. We update our descriptions of the risks and uncertainties facing us in our periodic reports filed with the SEC in which we report our financial condition and results for the quarter and fiscal year-to-date. Our actual results and actual events could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statement. Readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement.

 

OVERVIEW

 

We design, develop, manufacture, and market high-performance, high-bandwidth silicon integrated circuits empowering wide area networks. We utilize a combination of digital, mixed-signal and high-frequency analog design expertise coupled with system-level knowledge and multiple silicon process technologies to offer IC products that enable the transport of voice and data over fiber optic networks. Our system solution portfolio includes switch fabric, traffic management, network processor, framer/mapper, and physical layer devices that address the high-performance needs of the evolving intelligent optical network. In addition, we supply silicon ICs for the automated test equipment, or ATE, high-speed computing and military markets.

 

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Table of Contents

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

The SEC Financial Reporting Release No. 60, “Cautionary Advice Regarding Disclosure About Critical Accounting Policies”, or FRR 60, encourages companies to provide additional disclosure and commentary on their most critical accounting policies. In FRR 60, the SEC defined the most critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of a company’s financial condition and operating results, and require management to make its most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, our most critical accounting policies include: inventory valuation, which affects our cost of sales and gross margin; the valuation of purchased intangibles and goodwill, which affects our amortization and write-offs of goodwill and other intangibles; the valuation of restructuring liabilities, which affects the amount and timing of restructuring charges; the valuation of strategic equity investments, which affects our other income and expense; and the valuation of deferred income taxes, which affects our income tax expense and benefit. We also have other key accounting policies, such as our policies for revenue recognition, including the deferral of a portion of revenues on sales to distributors, and allowance for bad debt. The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying these most critical accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our financial statements.

 

Inventory Valuation

 

Our policy is to value inventories at the lower of cost or market on a part-by-part basis. This policy requires us to make estimates regarding the market value of our inventories, including an assessment of excess or obsolete inventories. We determine excess and obsolete inventories based on an estimate of the future demand for our products within a specified time horizon, generally 12 months. The estimates we use for demand are also used for near-term capacity planning and inventory purchasing and are consistent with our revenue forecasts. If our demand forecast is greater than our actual demand we may be required to take additional excess inventory charges, which would decrease gross margin and net operating results in the future.

 

Goodwill and Intangible Asset Valuation

 

The determination of the fair value of certain acquired assets and liabilities is subjective in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Determining the fair values and useful lives of intangible assets especially requires the exercise of judgment. To assist us in this process, we used an independent valuation firm. While there are a number of different generally accepted valuation methods to estimate the value of intangible assets acquired, we primarily use the discounted cash flow method. This method requires significant management judgment to forecast the future operating results used in the analysis. In addition, other significant estimates are required such as residual growth rates and discount factors. The estimates we have used to value and amortize intangible assets are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage our business and are based on available historical information and industry estimates and averages. These judgments can significantly affect our net operating results.

 

During 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard, or SFAS, No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, or SFAS 142, which requires that, effective April 1, 2002, goodwill and certain other intangible assets deemed to have an indefinite useful life, cease amortizing. SFAS 142 requires that goodwill and certain intangible assets be assessed for impairment using fair value measurement techniques. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. The goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as in a business combination.

 

Determining the fair value of the implied goodwill is judgmental in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not an impairment charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge. To assist us in the

 

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Table of Contents

process of determining goodwill impairment, we obtain an appraisal from an independent valuation firm. Estimates of fair value are primarily determined using discounted cash flows and market comparisons. These approaches use significant estimates and assumptions, including projection and timing of future cash flows, discount rate reflecting the risk inherent in future cash flows, perpetual growth rate, determination of appropriate market comparables, and determination of whether a premium or discount should be applied to comparables. It is reasonably possible that the plans and estimates used to value these assets may be incorrect. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur additional impairment charges.

 

Restructuring Charges

 

Over the last two years we have undertaken significant restructuring initiatives, which have required us to develop formalized plans for exiting certain business activities. We have had to record estimated expenses for employee severance, long-term asset writedowns, lease cancellations, facilities consolidation costs, and other restructuring costs. Given the significance of, and the timing of the execution of such activities, this process is complex and involves periodic reassessments of estimates made at the time the original decisions were made. In calculating the cost to dispose of our excess facilities, we have to estimate the timing of exiting certain facilities and then estimate the future lease and operating costs to be paid until the lease is terminated and the amount of sublease income, if any. To form our estimates for these costs, we performed an assessment of the affected facilities and considered the current market conditions for each site. Our assumptions for the operating costs until termination or the offsetting sublease revenues may turn out to be incorrect, and our actual costs may be materially different from our estimates, which could result in the need to record additional costs or to reverse previously recorded liabilities. Our policies require us to periodically evaluate the adequacy of the remaining liabilities under our restructuring initiatives.

 

Valuation of Strategic Equity Investments

 

We have made equity investments in other companies for the promotion of our business and strategic objectives. Based on our level of ownership interest, our policy is to value these investments at our historical cost. Our policy requires us to periodically review these investments for impairment. For these investments, an impairment analysis requires significant judgment, including an assessment of the companies’ financial condition, the existence and valuation of any subsequent rounds of financing and the impact of any contractual preferences, as well as the companies’ projected results and prospects for additional financing, or a liquidity event. If the actual outcomes for the companies are significantly different from our estimates, our recorded impairments may be understated, or we may incur realized gains in future periods.

 

Valuation of Deferred Income Taxes

 

We record valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We consider estimated future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, including reversals of deferred tax liabilities, in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. If we were to determine that we will not realize all or part of our deferred tax assets in the future, we would make an adjustment to the carrying value of the deferred tax asset, which would be reflected as income tax expense. Conversely, if we were to determine that we will realize a deferred tax asset, which currently has a valuation allowance, we would reverse the valuation allowance which would be reflected as an income tax benefit in our financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenue in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101 “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements”, or SAB 101. SAB 101 requires that four basic criteria be met before revenue can be recognized: 1) there is evidence that an arrangement exists; 2) delivery has occurred; 3) the fee is fixed or

 

18


Table of Contents

determinable; and 4) collectibility is reasonably assured. We recognize revenue upon determination that all criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The criteria are usually met at the time of product shipment, except for shipments to distributors with rights of return. Revenue from shipments to distributors with rights of return are deferred until all return or cancellation privileges lapse. In addition, we record reductions to revenue for estimated allowances such as returns and competitive pricing programs. If actual returns or pricing adjustments exceed our estimates, additional reductions to revenue would result.

 

Allowance for Bad Debt

 

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectibility of specific customer accounts, the aging of accounts receivable, our history of bad debts, and the general condition of the industry. If a major customer’s credit worthiness deteriorates, or our customers’ actual defaults exceed our historical experience, our estimates could change and impact our reported results.

 

19


Table of Contents

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following table sets forth certain selected consolidated statement of operations data in dollars and as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

 

    

Fiscal Years Ended March 31,


 
    

2001


    

2002


    

2003


 
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Net revenues

  

$

435,543

 

  

100.0

%

  

$

152,840

 

  

100.0

%

  

$

101,591

 

  

100.0

%

Cost of revenues (1)

  

 

165,986

 

  

38.1

 

  

 

150,924

 

  

98.7

 

  

 

61,900

 

  

60.9

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

Gross profit

  

 

269,557

 

  

61.9

 

  

 

1,916

 

  

1.3

 

  

 

39,691

 

  

39.1

 

Operating expenses:

                                               

Research and development

  

 

105,178

 

  

24.1

 

  

 

154,622

 

  

101.2

 

  

 

131,909

 

  

129.8

 

Selling, general and administrative

  

 

69,172

 

  

15.9

 

  

 

75,656

 

  

49.5

 

  

 

59,588

 

  

58.7

 

Stock-based compensation:

                                               

Research and development

  

 

41,350

 

  

9.5

 

  

 

71,760

 

  

46.9

 

  

 

70,840

 

  

69.7

 

Selling, general and administrative

  

 

35,667

 

  

8.2

 

  

 

66,425

 

  

43.5

 

  

 

58,510

 

  

57.6

 

Amortization of goodwill and purchased intangibles

  

 

308,835

 

  

70.9

 

  

 

239,563

 

  

156.7

 

  

 

 

  

 

Other purchased intangible asset impairment charges

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

204,284

 

  

201.1

 

Goodwill impairment charge

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

3,101,817

 

  

2,029.5

 

  

 

186,389

 

  

183.5

 

Restructuring charges

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

11,577

 

  

7.6

 

  

 

7,250

 

  

7.1

 

Acquired in-process research and development

  

 

202,100

 

  

46.4

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

Total operating expenses

  

 

762,302

 

  

175.0

 

  

 

3,721,420

 

  

2,434.8

 

  

 

718,770

 

  

707.5

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

Operating loss

  

 

(492,745

)

  

(113.1

)

  

 

(3,719,504

)

  

(2,433.6

)

  

 

(679,079

)

  

(668.4

)

Other income (expense), net

  

 

113

 

  

0.0

 

  

 

(14,592

)

  

(9.5

)

  

 

(11,952

)

  

(11.8

)

Interest income, net

  

 

55,336

 

  

12.7

 

  

 

47,477

 

  

31.1

 

  

 

47,719

 

  

47.0

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

(437,296

)

  

(100.4

)

  

 

(3,686,619

)

  

(2,412.1

)

  

 

(643,312

)

  

(633.2

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

  

 

(1,081

)

  

(0.2

)

  

 

(80,929

)

  

(53.0

)

  

 

 

  

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

(436,215

)

  

(100.2

)

  

 

(3,605,690

)

  

(2,359.1

)

  

 

(643,312

)

  

(633.2

)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

(102,229

)

  

(100.6

)

    


  

  


  

  


  

Net loss

  

$

(436,215

)

  

(100.2

)%

  

$

(3,605,690

)

  

(2,359.1

)%

  

$

(745,541

)

  

(733.9

)%

    


  

  


  

  


  

Basic and diluted loss per share:

                                               

Loss per share before cumulative effect of accounting change

  

$

(1.63

)

         

$

(12.08

)

         

$

(2.14

)

      

Cumulative effect of accounting change

  

 

 

         

 

 

         

 

(0.33

)

      
    


         


         


      

Loss per share

  

$

(1.63

)

         

$

(12.08

)

         

$

(2.47

)

      
    


         


         


      

Shares used in calculating basic and diluted loss per share

  

 

267,363

 

         

 

298,502

 

         

 

301,252

 

      
    


         


         


      

(1)    Cost of revenues includes the following (in thousands):

Stock-based compensation

  

$

2,831

 

  

0.6

%

  

$

8,880

 

  

5.8

%

  

$

2,536

 

  

2.5

%

Amortization of purchased intangibles

  

 

25,280

 

  

5.8

 

  

 

58,339

 

  

38.2

 

  

 

6,287

 

  

6.2

 

Amortization of purchased inventory fair value adjustment

  

 

26,907

 

  

6.2

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

    


  

  


  

  


  

    

$

55,018

 

  

12.6

%

  

$

67,219