10-K 1 d10k.htm ANNUAL REPORT Annual Report
Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED]

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED]

 

For the transition period from                      to                     

 

Commission File Number 1-8957

 

ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   91-1292054
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

19300 International Boulevard, Seattle, Washington 98188

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (206) 392-5040

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class


  

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered


Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value

   New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  x      Accelerated filer  ¨      Non-accelerated filer  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.):    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

As of December 31, 2005, shares of common stock outstanding totaled 33,454,146. The aggregate market value of the shares of common stock of Alaska Air Group, Inc. held by nonaffiliates on June 30, 2005, was approximately $991 million (based on the closing price of $29.75 per share on the New York Stock Exchange on that date).

 

DOCUMENTS TO BE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Title of Document


  

Part Hereof Into Which Document is to be Incorporated


Definitive Proxy Statement Relating to
2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
   Part III

 



Table of Contents

ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.

Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I

   3

ITEM 1.

  

BUSINESS

   3

ITEM 1A.

  

RISK FACTORS

   12

ITEM 1B.

  

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

   12

ITEM 2.

  

PROPERTIES

   12

ITEM 3.

  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

   13

ITEM 4.

  

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

   14

PART II

   15

ITEM 5.

  

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON STOCK, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

   15

ITEM 6.

  

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

   17

ITEM 7.

  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

   23

ITEM 7A.

  

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

   50

ITEM 8.

  

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

   51

ITEM 9.

  

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

   51

ITEM 9A.

  

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   51

ITEM 9B.

  

OTHER INFORMATION

   52

PART III

   53

ITEM 10.

  

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

   53

ITEM 11.

  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

   53

ITEM 12.

  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

   53

ITEM 13.

  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

   53

ITEM 14.

  

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

   53

PART IV

   54

ITEM 15.

  

EXHIBITS, CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

   54

SIGNATURES

   55

 

Cautionary Note regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

In addition to historical information, this Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are those that predict or describe future events or trends and that do not relate solely to historical matters. You can generally identify forward-looking statements as statements containing the words “believe,” “expect,” “will,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “assume” or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, our expectations concerning operations and financial conditions, including changes in capacity, revenues and costs, future financing plans and needs, overall economic conditions, plans and objectives for future operations, and the impact on us of our results of operations in recent years and the sufficiency of our financial resources to absorb that impact. Other forward-looking statements include statements which do not relate solely to historical facts, such as, without limitation, statements which discuss the possible future effects of current known trends or uncertainties, or which indicate that the future effects of known trends or uncertainties cannot be predicted, guaranteed, or assured. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to us and speak only as of the date on which this report was filed with the SEC. We expressly disclaim any obligation to issue any updates or revisions to our forward-looking statements, even if subsequent events cause our expectations to change regarding the matters discussed in those statements. Over time, our actual results, performance or achievements will likely differ from the anticipated results, performance or achievements that are expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements, and such differences might be significant and materially adverse to our shareholders. Many important factors that could cause such a difference are described in this Form 10-K, on page 12, under the caption “Item 1A: Risk Factors,” and beginning on page 42 under the caption “Risk Factors” under Item 7 below, which you should review carefully. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of those risks as you read this report.

 

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PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Alaska Air Group, Inc. (Air Group or the Company) is a holding company that was incorporated in Delaware in 1985. Our two principal subsidiaries are Alaska Airlines, Inc. (Alaska) and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. (Horizon). Both subsidiaries operate as airlines, although their business plans, competition, and economic risks differ substantially. Alaska is a major airline, operates an all-jet fleet, and its average passenger trip length is 1,009 miles. Horizon is a regional airline, operates jet and turboprop aircraft, and its average passenger trip is 382 miles. Individual financial information for Alaska and Horizon is reported in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Air Group’s corporate offices are located at 19300 International Boulevard, Seattle, Washington, 98188. Air Group’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports are accessible free of charge at www.alaskaair.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of this annual report on Form 10-K. As used in this Form 10-K, the terms “Air Group,” “our,” “we” and the “Company” refer to Alaska Air Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

 

Alaska

 

Alaska Airlines, Inc. is an Alaska corporation that was organized in 1932 and incorporated in 1937. Alaska principally serves destinations in the state of Alaska and North/South service between cities in the Western U.S., Canada and Mexico. Alaska also provides East/West service to 8 cities, primarily from Seattle. In 2005, Alaska carried 16.8 million revenue passengers. In each year since 1973, Alaska has carried more passengers between Alaska and the U.S. mainland than any other airline. West Coast passenger traffic accounted for 47% of Alaska’s 2005 revenue passenger miles, passenger traffic within Alaska and between Alaska and the U.S. mainland accounted for 20%, the Mexico markets accounted for 10%, the Canada markets accounted for 5%, and other markets accounted for 18%. Based on passenger enplanements, Alaska’s leading airports are Seattle, Los Angeles, Portland and Anchorage. Based on 2005 revenues, its leading nonstop routes are Seattle-Anchorage, Seattle-Los Angeles, and Seattle-San Diego. At December 31, 2005, Alaska’s operating fleet consisted of 110 jet aircraft.

 

Horizon

 

Horizon Air Industries, Inc., a Washington corporation, was acquired by Air Group in 1986. It is the largest regional airline in the Pacific Northwest, and serves 40 cities in seven states and six cities in Canada under the Horizon brand. The Horizon brand flying consists of Horizon’s native network flying and contract flying for Alaska. In addition to operating under the Horizon brand, on January 1, 2004, Horizon began operating regional jet service branded as Frontier JetExpress under a 12-year agreement with Frontier Airlines. Horizon is currently operating nine 70-seat Bombardier CRJ-700 aircraft under the Frontier JetExpress brand, representing approximately 23% of total Horizon capacity and approximately 9% of total Horizon revenue in 2005. In 2005, Horizon carried 6.5 million revenue passengers. Approximately 95% of Horizon’s revenue passenger miles are flown domestically, primarily in the states of Washington, Oregon and Idaho. The Canada markets accounted for 5% of revenue passenger miles in 2005. Based on passenger enplanements, Horizon’s leading airports are Seattle, Portland, Boise, and Spokane. Based on revenues in 2005, its leading nonstop routes are Portland-Seattle, Spokane-Seattle, and Seattle-Vancouver. At December 31, 2005, Horizon’s operating fleet consisted of 19 jets and 46 turboprop aircraft. Except for those flights operating as Frontier JetExpress, Horizon flights are listed under the Alaska Airlines designator code in airline reservation systems.

 

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Alaska and Horizon integrate their flight schedules to provide service between any two points served by their systems. In 2005, 24% of Horizon’s passengers connected to flights operated by Alaska compared to 28% in 2004. Both airlines endeavor to distinguish themselves from competitors by providing a higher level of customer service. The airlines’ outstanding employees and excellent service in the form of advance seat assignments, expedited check-in, attention to customer needs, a generous frequent flyer program, well-maintained aircraft, a first-class section aboard Alaska aircraft, and other amenities are regularly recognized by independent studies and surveys of air travelers.

 

Industry Conditions

 

The airline industry is highly competitive and is characterized by low profit margins and high fixed costs, primarily for wages, aircraft fuel, aircraft ownership costs and facilities rents. Because expenses of a flight do not vary significantly with the number of passengers carried, a relatively small change in the number of passengers or in pricing has a disproportionate effect on an airline’s operating and financial results. Accordingly, a minor shortfall in expected revenue levels could cause a disproportionately negative impact on our results of operations. Passenger demand and ticket prices are, to a large measure, influenced by the general state of the economy, current events and industry capacity.

 

The industry is currently in a state of flux. The airline industry continued to be challenged in 2005, resulting in bankruptcy filings by several of the major “legacy” carriers during the year, including Delta Airlines and Northwest Airlines. Under bankruptcy reorganization, carriers gain a competitive advantage by significantly reducing their costs. In addition, so called “Low Cost Carriers” (LCCs) have continued to grow rapidly and currently carry more than 30% of total U.S. domestic passenger traffic. Because of their cost advantage, LCCs have and continue to exert downward pressure on ticket prices from historical levels, although fares have increased on average in 2005 in response to high fuel prices. Because of the relatively low barriers to entry, we expect the expansion of low cost and low fare carriers to continue. We compete with many of these carriers now, and expect to compete with new entrants in the future.

 

Most major US carriers, including Alaska, are working aggressively to cut operating costs, including renegotiation of collective bargaining agreements and vendor agreements. Labor costs generally make up 30% to 40% of an airline’s total operating costs. Most major airlines, including ours, have employee groups who are represented by collective bargaining agreements. Often, airlines with unionized work forces have higher labor costs than carriers without unionized work forces, and may not have the ability to adjust labor costs downward fast enough to respond to new competition. We have been able to reduce our wage and benefit costs during 2005 primarily as a result of a reduction in pilot wages which took effect in May 2005, subcontracting our ramp services operation in Seattle beginning in the second quarter of 2005, the closure of our heavy maintenance facility in Oakland, the subcontracting of our fleet services, and our management reorganization, all of which occurred during the last six months of 2004. Our wage and benefit costs decreased 5% in 2005, versus increases of 3% and 10% in 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Fuel costs generally represent 15% to 25% of an airline’s operating costs. Fuel prices can be volatile and largely uncontrollable. Fuel prices have increased significantly over the past three years. Our fuel cost per gallon increased 36%, 44%, and 15% in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Our economic fuel cost per gallon (which is the net price we pay after the benefit of settled fuel hedges) increased 21% in 2005, 39% in 2004 and 14% in 2003.

 

During 2005 and 2004, load factors increased in the wake of strong demand and a healthy economy. Load factor growth slowed in the second half of 2005; however, revenues remained strong due to improving yields as the industry responded to record high fuel prices.

 

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MARKETING AND COMPETITION

 

Alliances with Other Airlines

 

Alaska and Horizon have marketing alliances with other airlines that provide reciprocal frequent flyer mileage credit and redemption privileges and code sharing on certain flights as set forth below. Alliances enhance Alaska’s and Horizon’s revenues by offering our customers more travel destinations and better mileage credit/redemption opportunities and by gaining us access to more connecting traffic from other airlines, and by providing members of our alliance partners’ frequent flyer programs an opportunity to travel on Alaska and Horizon while earning mileage credit in our partners’ programs. Our marketing agreements have various termination dates and at any time, one or more may be in the process of renegotiation. If a significant agreement were terminated, it could adversely impact revenues and increase the costs of our other marketing agreements. In September 2005, both Northwest and Delta filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, followed by Era Aviation in December 2005. Any of these carriers could propose plans of reorganization that would seek to modify or terminate some or all of these agreements.

 

Most of our code share relationships are free-sell code shares, where the marketing carrier sells seats on the operating carrier’s flights from the operating carrier’s inventory, but takes no inventory risk. The table below identifies our marketing alliances with other airlines as of December 31, 2005.

 

     Frequent
Flyer
Agreement


    Code sharing—
Alaska Flight #
on Flights Operated
by Other Airline


   Code sharing—
Other Airline Flight #
On Flights Operated
by Alaska/Horizon


Major U.S. or International Airlines

               

American Airlines/American Eagle

   Yes     Yes    Yes

British Airways

   Yes     No    No

Cathay Pacific Airways

   Yes     No    No

Continental Airlines

   Yes     Yes    Yes

Delta

   Yes     Yes    Yes

Frontier Airlines**

   No     No    Yes

Hawaiian Airlines

   Yes     Yes    Yes

KLM

   No     No    Yes

Lan Chile

   Yes     No    Yes

Northwest Airlines

   Yes     Yes    Yes

Qantas

   Yes     No    Yes

Commuter Airlines

               

Era Aviation

   Yes *   Yes    No

PenAir

   Yes *   Yes    No

Big Sky Airlines

   Yes *   Yes    No

* This airline does not have its own frequent flyer program. However, Alaska’s Mileage Plan members can earn and redeem miles on this airline’s route system.
** Capacity purchase arrangement as described under “Business—General Information—Horizon.”

 

Competition

 

Competition in the airline industry is intense. We believe the principal competitive factors in the industry that are important to customers are:

 

    safety record and reputation;

 

    flight schedules;

 

    fares;

 

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    customer service;

 

    routes served;

 

    frequent flyer programs;

 

    on-time arrivals;

 

    on-board amenities;

 

    type of aircraft and

 

    code-sharing relationships.

 

Any domestic air carrier issued a certificate of public convenience and necessity by the Department of Transportation (DOT) and an operating certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is allowed to operate scheduled passenger service in the United States. Together, Alaska and Horizon carry approximately 3.3% of all U.S. domestic passenger traffic. Alaska and Horizon compete with one or more domestic or foreign airlines on most of their routes, including Southwest Airlines, United Airlines, Northwest Airlines, Continental Airlines, American Airlines, Delta Airlines and regional affiliates associated with some of these carriers. Many of these airlines are larger and have significantly greater financial resources and name recognition or lower operating costs than our company. Others are operating under bankruptcy court protection and may institute substantial fare discounts in order to maintain cash flows and enhance customer loyalty. In addition, competitors who successfully reorganize out of bankruptcy could have lower operating costs derived from renegotiated labor, supply and financing agreements. Some of these competitors have chosen to add service, reduce their fares, or both, in our markets. Continuing growth of low-cost carriers, including Southwest Airlines, AirTran Airways, Frontier Airlines, jetBlue Airways, and the emergence of Virgin America, in the United States, places significant competitive pressures on us and other network carriers since they have the ability to charge a lower fare for travel between similar cities and thus exert downward pressure on yields. As such, we may be unable to compete effectively against other airlines that introduce service or discounted fares in the markets that we serve. Due to its short haul markets, Horizon also competes with ground transportation, including train, bus and automobile transportation.

 

Ticket Distribution

 

Airline tickets are distributed through three primary channels:

 

    Airline websites such as alaskaair.com or horizonair.com. It is less expensive for us to sell through these direct channels and, as a result, we continue to invest in online capabilities.

 

    Traditional and online travel agents. Consumer reliance on traditional travel agencies is shrinking, while usage of online travel agencies is increasing. Both traditional and online travel agencies typically use Global Distribution Systems (GDS), such as Sabre, to obtain their fare and inventory data from airlines. Bookings made through these agencies result in a fee, the “GDS fee”, that is charged to the airline.

 

    Telephone reservation call centers.

 

We currently participate in all of these distribution channels, but we cannot predict the terms on which we may be able to continue to participate in these or other channels, or their effect on our ability to compete with other airlines.

 

EMPLOYEES

 

The airline business is labor intensive. Air Group had 13,768 (Alaska and Horizon had 9,866 and 3,902, respectively) active full-time and part-time employees at December 31, 2005, compared to 14,584 (10,850 at Alaska and 3,734 at Horizon) as of December 31, 2004. Wages, salaries and benefits represented approximately 31% and 35% of our total operating expenses in 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

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At December 31, 2005, labor unions represented 84% of Alaska’s and 46% of Horizon’s employees. Our relations with our labor organizations are governed by the Railway Labor Act (RLA). Under this act, the collective bargaining agreements between the respective airlines and these organizations do not expire but instead become amendable as of a stated date. If either party wishes to modify the terms of any such agreement, it must notify the other party in the manner prescribed by the RLA and/or described in the agreement. After receipt of such notice, the parties must meet for direct negotiations, and if no agreement is reached, either party may request the National Mediation Board to appoint a federal mediator. If no agreement is reached in mediation, the National Mediation Board may declare that an impasse exists, at which point the National Mediation Board proffers binding arbitration to the parties. Either party may decline to submit to arbitration. If arbitration is rejected by either party, a 30-day “cooling off” period commences. During that period, a Presidential Emergency Board may be established, which examines the parties’ positions and recommends a solution. The Presidential Emergency Board process lasts for 30 days and is followed by a “cooling off” period of 30 days. At the end of a “cooling off” period, unless an agreement is reached or action is taken by Congress, the labor organization may strike and the airline may resort to “self-help”, including the imposition of any or all of its proposed amendments and the hiring of workers to replace strikers.

 

Alaska’s union contracts at December 31, 2005 were as follows:

 

Union


  

Employee Group


   Number of
Employees


   Contract Status

Air Line Pilots Association International (ALPA)    Pilots    1,450    Amendable 5/01/07
Association of Flight Attendants (AFA)    Flight attendants    2,486    In Negotiations
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM/RSSA)    Ramp service and stock clerks Clerical, office and passenger service    630
2,868
   In Negotiations
In Negotiations
Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association (AMFA)    Mechanics, inspectors and cleaners    707    Amendable 10/01/09
Mexico Workers Association of Air Transport    Mexico airport personnel    79    Amendable 9/29/06
Transport Workers Union of America (TWU)    Dispatchers    34    Amendable 7/01/10*

* Collective bargaining agreement contains interest arbitration provision.

 

Horizon’s union contracts at December 31, 2005 were as follows:

 

Union


  

Employee Group


   Number of
Employees


   Contract Status

International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT)    Pilots    696    Amendable 9/12/06
AFA    Flight attendants    544    Amendable 11/21/07
AMFA    Mechanics and related classifications    450    Amendable 11/30/08
TWU    Dispatchers    21    Amendable 9/9/07
National Automobile, Aerospace, Transportation and General Workers    Station personnel in Vancouver and Victoria, BC, Canada    88    Amendable 2/14/07

 

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REGULATION

 

General

 

The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, as amended, eliminated most domestic economic regulation of passenger and freight transportation. However, the Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) still exercise significant regulatory authority over air carriers. In order to provide passenger and cargo air transportation in the U.S., a domestic airline is required to hold a certificate of public convenience and necessity issued by the DOT. Subject to certain individual airport capacity, noise and other restrictions, this certificate permits an air carrier to operate between any two points in the U.S. A certificate is of unlimited duration, but may be revoked for failure to comply with federal aviation statutes, regulations, orders or the terms of the certificate itself. In addition, the DOT maintains jurisdiction over the approval of international code share agreements, alliance agreements between domestic major airlines, international route authorities and certain consumer protection matters, such as advertising, denied boarding compensation and baggage liability.

 

The FAA, through the promulgation of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs), generally regulates all aspects of airline operations, including establishing personnel, maintenance and flight operation standards. Domestic airlines are required to hold a valid air carrier-operating certificate issued by the FAA. Pursuant to these regulations, we have established, and the FAA has approved, both our operations specifications and a maintenance program for each type of aircraft we operate. The maintenance program provides for the ongoing maintenance of such aircraft, ranging from frequent routine inspections to major overhauls. From time to time the FAA issues airworthiness directives (ADs) that must be incorporated into our aircraft maintenance program and operations. We are and expect to be in compliance with all applicable requirements of these ADs within the required time periods. All airlines, including Alaska and Horizon, are subject to routine enforcement actions, from time to time, brought by the FAA for alleged violations of the requirements of the FARs or ADs. At this time, we are not aware of any enforcement proceedings that could either materially affect our financial position or impact our authority to operate.

 

The Department of Justice has jurisdiction over airline antitrust matters. The U.S. Postal Service has jurisdiction over certain aspects of the transportation of mail and related services. Labor relations in the air transportation industry are regulated under the Railway Labor Act, which vests in the National Mediation Board (NMB) certain functions with respect to disputes between airlines and labor unions relating to union representation and collective bargaining agreements. To the extent we continue to fly to foreign countries and pursue alliances with international carriers, we may be subject to certain regulations of foreign agencies.

 

The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (the Security Act) generally provides for enhanced aviation security measures. Pursuant to the Security Act, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is responsible for aviation security. The Security Act mandates that the TSA shall provide for the screening of all passengers and property, including U.S. mail, cargo, carry-on and checked baggage, and other articles that will be carried aboard a passenger aircraft. The TSA performs these functions with its own federal employees. The TSA also provides for increased security on flight decks of aircraft and requires federal air marshals to be present on certain flights.

 

The Security Act imposes a $2.50 per enplanement security service fee (maximum $5.00 one-way fee), which is collected by the air carriers and submitted to the government to pay for these enhanced security measures. In addition, carriers are required to pay an additional amount to the TSA to cover the total cost of providing security measures equal to the amount the air carriers paid for screening passengers and property in 2000. We paid $12.6 million to TSA for this security charge in both 2005 and 2004, and $8.4 million in 2003. In January 2006, the TSA notified air carriers of an increased assessment for the cost of security. The industry has opposed and disagrees with the higher assessment and is working with the TSA on a resolution. The additional assessment for us was not material. Separate from the TSA assessment, the U.S. Congress is currently considering a new law that could significantly increase this security fee.

 

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Airline Fares

 

Airlines are permitted to establish their own domestic fares without governmental regulation, and the industry is characterized by vigorous price competition. The DOT maintains authority over international (generally outside of North America) fares, rates and charges. International fares and rates are also subject to the jurisdiction of the governments of the foreign countries we serve. While air carriers are required to file and adhere to international fare and rate tariffs, substantial commissions, overrides and discounts to travel agents, brokers and wholesalers characterize many international markets.

 

Although we do not currently anticipate such, to the extent legislation is enacted that would inhibit our flexibility with respect to fares, our revenue management system, our operations or other aspects of our customer service operations, our financial results could be adversely affected.

 

Environmental Matters

 

We are subject to various laws and government regulations concerning environmental matters and employee safety and health in the U.S. and other countries. U.S. federal laws that have a particular impact on us include the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990, the Clean Air Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or Superfund Act. We are also subject to the oversight of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, known as OSHA, concerning employee safety and health matters. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, OSHA, and other federal agencies have been authorized to promulgate regulations that have an impact on our operations. In addition to these federal activities, various states have been delegated certain authorities under the aforementioned federal statutes. Many state and local governments have adopted environmental and employee safety and health laws and regulations, some of which are similar to federal requirements. We maintain our own continuing safety, health and environmental programs in order to meet or exceed these requirements.

 

The Airport Noise and Capacity Act recognizes the rights of airport operators with noise problems to implement local noise abatement programs so long as they do not interfere unreasonably with interstate or foreign commerce or the national air transportation system. Authorities in several cities have promulgated aircraft noise reduction programs, including the imposition of nighttime curfews. The Airport Noise and Capacity Act generally requires FAA approval of local noise restrictions on aircraft. We have had and believe we will continue to have sufficient scheduling flexibility to accommodate local noise restrictions.

 

At December 31, 2005, all of our aircraft met the Stage 3 noise requirements under the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990. However, special noise ordinances restrict the timing of flights operated by Alaska, Horizon and other airlines at Burbank, Long Beach, Orange County, San Diego, San Jose, Sun Valley, Chicago O’Hare, and Palm Springs. In addition, Orange County, Reagan National, and Long Beach airports restrict the type of aircraft and number of flights.

 

Although we do not currently anticipate that these regulatory matters, individually or collectively, will have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, we cannot be assured that new regulations or compliance issues that we do not currently anticipate will not harm our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in future periods.

 

Customer Service

 

Along with other domestic airlines, we have implemented a Customer Service Plan to address a number of service goals, including, but not limited to, goals relating to lowest fare availability, delays, cancellations and diversions, baggage delivery and liability, guaranteed fares and ticket refunds.

 

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FUEL

 

Our operations are significantly affected by the price and, potentially, the availability of jet fuel. Fuel costs were approximately 24% of our total operating expenses in 2005, 19% in 2004, and 15% in 2003, before the benefit of fuel hedges that settled during the period. Raw, or unhedged, fuel prices, which are volatile and outside of our control, can have a significant impact on our operating results. Currently, a one-cent change in the economic fuel price per gallon affects annual fuel costs by approximately $4.0 million. We believe that operating fuel-efficient aircraft helps to mitigate the effect of high fuel prices.

 

In order to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the price of jet fuel, we purchase fuel hedge contracts that include call options and collar agreements and, in addition, we have entered into a fuel purchase agreement that fixes the spread between crude oil prices and jet fuel prices. Due to the competitive nature of the airline industry, airlines often have been unable to pass on increased fuel prices to customers by increasing fares; although, some fuel-related industry fare increases have occurred recently. Conversely, any potential benefit of lower fuel prices may be offset by increased fare competition and lower revenues. Because of rising fuel prices over the last few years, our fuel-hedging program has resulted in significant savings. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” for a discussion of our fuel hedging activities.

 

While we do not currently anticipate a significant reduction in fuel availability, dependency on foreign imports of crude oil and the possibility of changes in government policy on jet fuel production, transportation and marketing make it impossible to predict the future availability of jet fuel. In the event of significant hostilities or other conflicts in oil producing areas, there could be reductions in the production and/or importation of crude oil and resulting price increases, which could adversely affect our business. If there were major reductions in the availability of jet fuel, our business would be adversely affected.

 

MILEAGE PLAN PROGRAM

 

All major airlines have developed frequent flyer programs as a way of increasing passenger loyalty. Alaska’s Mileage Plan allows members to earn mileage by flying on Alaska, Horizon and other participating airlines, and by using the services of non-airline partners, which include a credit card partner, a grocery store chain, a telephone company, hotels, and car rental agencies. Alaska is paid by non-airline partners for the miles it credits to member accounts. With advance notice, Alaska has the ability to change the Mileage Plan terms, conditions, partners, mileage credits, and award levels or terminate the program.

 

Mileage can be redeemed for free or discounted travel and for other travel industry awards. Upon accumulating the necessary mileage, members notify Alaska of their award selection. Over 75% of the free flight awards on Alaska and Horizon are subject to capacity-controlled seating. Mileage Plan accounts are generally deleted after three years of inactivity in that member’s account. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, Alaska estimated that approximately 3.0 million and 2.5 million, respectively, round-trip flight awards were eligible for redemption by Mileage Plan members who have mileage credits exceeding the 20,000-mile free round-trip domestic ticket award threshold. Of those eligible awards, Alaska estimated that approximately 88% of those awards would ultimately be redeemed. For the years 2005, 2004, and 2003, approximately 750,000 631,000, and 606,000, round-trip flight awards were redeemed and flown on Alaska and Horizon. Those awards represent approximately 7.9%, 7.3%, and 8.7% for 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively, of the total passenger miles flown on Alaska and Horizon. For the years 2005, 2004, and 2003, approximately 239,900, 212,000, and 174,000, respectively, round-trip flight awards were redeemed and flown on airline partners.

 

For miles earned by flying on Alaska and travel partners, the estimated incremental cost of providing free travel awards is recognized as a selling expense and accrued as a liability as miles are accumulated. The incremental cost does not include a contribution to overhead, aircraft cost, or profit. Alaska also sells mileage credits to its non-airline partners. Alaska defers a majority of the sales proceeds, and recognizes these proceeds as revenue when the award transportation is provided on Alaska or another partner airline. The deferred proceeds

 

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are recognized as passenger revenue for awards issued and flown on Alaska or Horizon and as other revenue-net for awards issued and flown on other airlines. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, the deferred revenue and the total liability for providing free travel on Alaska and Horizon and for estimated payments to partner airlines was $466.8 million and $409.3 million, respectively, the majority of which is deferred revenue from the sale of mileage credits. Revenue attributable to the Mileage Plan was $180.2 million, $143.1 million, and $139.0 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Seasonality and Other Factors

 

Our results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of those for the entire year, because our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations. Our operating income is generally lowest (or loss the greatest) during the first and fourth quarters due principally to lower traffic and sometimes due to adverse weather conditions, generally increases in the second quarter and generally reaches its highest level during the third quarter as a result of spring and summer vacation travel, including increased activity in the state of Alaska.

 

In addition to passenger loads, factors that could cause our quarterly operating results to vary include:

 

    changes in fuel, security and insurance costs,

 

    increases in personnel, marketing, aircraft ownership and other operating expenses to support our existing operation and anticipated growth,

 

    the timing and amount of maintenance expenditures,

 

    the timing and success of our growth plan as we increase flights in existing markets and enter new markets and

 

    pricing initiatives.

 

In addition, seasonal variations in traffic, the timing of various expenditures and weather affect our operating results from quarter to quarter. Many of our areas of operations experience inclement weather conditions in the winter, causing increased costs associated with deicing aircraft, canceled flights and accommodating displaced passengers. Due to our geographic area of operations, we can be more susceptible to adverse weather conditions (particularly in the State of Alaska and in the Pacific Northwest) than some of our competitors, who may be better able to spread weather-related risks over larger route systems.

 

The results of operations in the air transportation business have also significantly fluctuated in the past in response to general economic conditions. Fare initiatives, fluctuations in fuel prices, labor actions and other factors could impact this seasonal pattern.

 

No material part of our business or that of our subsidiaries is dependent upon a single customer or very few customers. Consequently, the loss of our largest few customers would not have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Insurance

 

We carry insurance for passenger liability and property and aircraft damage in amounts and of the type generally consistent with industry practice.

 

As a result of the events of September 11, 2001, aviation insurers have significantly reduced the maximum amount of insurance coverage available to commercial air carriers for third-party liability for claims resulting from acts of terrorism, war or similar events. At the same time, they significantly increased the premiums for such coverage as well as for aviation insurance in general. Although insurance rates have declined since that time, they are still somewhat above pre-September 11 levels and will likely remain there for the foreseeable future.

 

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Pursuant to authority granted in the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act, the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, the Government has offered, and we have accepted, war risk insurance to replace commercial war risk insurance through August 31, 2006.

 

Other Government Matters

 

We have elected to participate in the Civil Reserve Air Fleet program, whereby we have agreed to make available to the federal government a certain number of aircraft in the event of a military call-up. The government would reimburse us for the use of such aircraft.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

Our operations and financial results are subject to various uncertainties, such as global and industry instability, intense competition, volatile fuel prices, a largely unionized labor force, the need to finance large capital expenditures, government regulation, potential aircraft incidents and general economic conditions. Please see “Risk Factors” on page 42 for a full discussion of these items.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

None

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

Aircraft

 

The following tables describe the aircraft we operate and their average age at December 31, 2005:

 

Aircraft Type


   Passenger
Capacity


   Owned

   Leased

   Total

   Average Age
in Years


Alaska Airlines

                        

Boeing 737-200C

   111    7    —      7    24.5

Boeing 737-400

   144    9    31    40    10.7

Boeing 737-700

   124    17    5    22    4.8

Boeing 737-800

   160    2    1    3    0.7

Boeing 737-900

   172    12    —      12    3.4

Boeing MD-80

   140    15    11    26    13.8
         
  
  
  
          62    48    110    10.1
         
  
  
  

Horizon Air

                        

Bombardier Q200

   37    —      28    28    7.8

Bombardier Q400

   74    3    15    18    4.0

Bombardier CRJ 700*

   70    1    18    19    3.6
         
  
  
  
          4    61    65    5.5
         
  
  
  

* Horizon also operates one CRJ 700 under a short-term operating lease set to expire in February 2006.

 

Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” discusses future orders and options for additional aircraft.

 

As of December 31, 2005, 32 of the 62 aircraft owned by Alaska are subject to liens securing long-term debt and the majority of the other owned aircraft serve as collateral on our $160 million line of credit. Alaska’s leased 737-400, 737-700, 737-800 and MD-80 aircraft have lease expiration dates between 2006 and 2016, between 2006 and 2010, in 2015, and between 2007 and 2013, respectively. Horizon’s leased Q400 and CRJ 700 aircraft have expiration dates between 2006 and 2018 and between 2018 and 2020, respectively. Alaska and Horizon have the option to extend most of the leases for additional periods, or the right to purchase the aircraft at the end of the lease term, usually at the then-fair-market value of the aircraft.

 

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Ground Facilities and Services

 

Alaska and Horizon lease ticket counters, gates, cargo and baggage space, office space, and other support areas at the majority of the airports they serve. Alaska also owns terminal buildings in various cities in the state of Alaska.

 

Alaska has centralized operations in several buildings located at or near Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (Sea-Tac) in Seattle, Washington. The owned buildings, including land unless located on leased airport property, include a three-bay hangar facility with maintenance shops, a flight operations and training center, an air cargo facility, an information-processing center, several office buildings and our corporate headquarters. Alaska also leases a two-bay hangar/office facility at Sea-Tac, a warehouse and reservation/office facility in Kent, WA, and a reservation center in Boise, ID. Alaska’s other major facilities include a regional headquarters building and hangar in Anchorage, an air cargo facility, leased land in Anchorage, and a reservations center in Phoenix.

 

Horizon owns its Seattle corporate headquarters building. It leases an operations, training, and aircraft maintenance facility in Portland and maintenance facilities in Boise, Pasco, Seattle and Spokane.

 

During 2005, Alaska subcontracted its ground handling services at the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport to a vendor that provides similar services to Alaska at airports, including Portland, Los Angeles and San Francisco. Alaska continues to use its own employees for ground handling services at airports in the state of Alaska. Other airports throughout our system are contracted to various third-party vendors.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

In May 2005, the Air Line Pilots Association filed a lawsuit in federal district court in Seattle to overturn the current labor contract covering Alaska’s pilots as established by an arbitrator, which was effective May 1, 2005. On July 21, 2005, Alaska filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit. On October 28, 2005, the district court granted Alaska’s motion to dismiss. This matter is closed.

 

In March 2005, Alaska filed a lawsuit in federal district court in Seattle against the International Association of Machinists (IAM) seeking to compel arbitration of a dispute regarding the permissibility, under the collective bargaining agreement, of subcontracting of Alaska’s ramp service operation in Seattle. On May 10, 2005, the IAM filed a counter claim against Alaska alleging that Alaska violated the Railway Labor Act status quo and engaged in bad faith bargaining by, among other things, stating that it would subcontract the Seattle ramp work if it could not reach agreement with the IAM on an acceptable new labor contract. On May 13, 2005, Alaska subcontracted the ramp service operation in Seattle, resulting in the immediate reduction of approximately 475 employees represented by the IAM. Shortly after this event, the IAM filed a motion for preliminary injunction seeking to reverse the subcontracting by Alaska. That motion was heard and denied by a federal court judge on June 2, 2005. Alaska filed a motion to dismiss the IAM counterclaim. The court dismissed the IAM’s status quo claim, and the bad faith bargaining claim to the extent it was based on the Seattle ramp subcontracting (as opposed to other conduct during the parties’ negotiations). The court stated that the IAM shall file an amended counterclaim by January 18, 2006, but the IAM did not do so. On February 6, 2006, the court entered an order directing the IAM to show cause why its counterclaim should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute. The IAM submitted its response to the court’s order to show cause on February 16, 2006, but the court has not yet issued a ruling on the matter. A trial date has been set for September 2006.

 

In addition to the cases noted above, we are a party to routine litigation incidental to our business and with respect to which no material liability is expected. Management believes the ultimate disposition of these matters is not likely to materially affect our financial position or results of operations. This forward-looking statement is based on management’s current understanding of the relevant law and facts; it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of judges and juries.

 

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ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

None

 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The executive officers of Alaska Air Group, Inc. (including its subsidiaries Alaska and Horizon), their positions and their respective ages (as of February 1, 2006) are as follows:

 

Name


  

Position


   Age

   Air Group
or Subsidiary
Officer Since


William S. Ayer

   Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Alaska Air Group, Inc. and Alaska Airlines, Inc.    51    1985

Bradley D. Tilden

   Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer of Alaska Air Group, Inc. and Alaska Airlines, Inc.    45    1994

Kevin Finan

   Executive Vice President/Operations of Alaska Airlines, Inc.    58    2000

Keith Loveless

   Vice President/Legal and Corporate Affairs, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Alaska Air Group, Inc. and Alaska Airlines, Inc.    49    1996

Gregg Saretsky

   Executive Vice President/Marketing and Planning of Alaska Airlines, Inc.    46    1998

Jeffrey D. Pinneo

   President and Chief Executive Officer of Horizon Air Industries, Inc.    49    1990

 

Mr. Ayer has been our President since February 2003 and became our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer in May 2003. Mr. Ayer is also Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Alaska Airlines. He has served as Alaska Airlines’ Chairman since February 2003, as Chief Executive Officer since January 2002 and as President since November 1997. Prior thereto, he was Sr. Vice President/Customer Service, Marketing and Planning of Alaska Airlines from January 1997, and Vice President/Marketing and Planning from August 1995. Prior thereto, he served as Sr. Vice President/Operations of Horizon Air from January 1995. Mr. Ayer serves on the boards of Alaska Airlines, Puget Sound Energy, the Alaska Airlines Foundation, Angel Flight America, Inc., and the Museum of Flight. He also serves on the University of Washington Business School Advisory Board.

 

Mr. Tilden joined Alaska Airlines in 1991, became controller of Alaska Airlines and Alaska Air Group in 1994, CFO in February 2000 and Executive Vice President/Finance in January 2002.

 

Mr. Finan became Executive Vice President/Operations in January 2006 to fill the position held by George Bagley upon his retirement. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Finan was Vice President/Flight Operations and had held that position since 2000.

 

Mr. Loveless became Corporate Secretary and Assistant General Counsel of Alaska Air Group and Alaska Airlines in 1996. In 1999, he was named Vice President/Legal and Corporate Affairs, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Alaska Air Group and Alaska Airlines.

 

Mr. Saretsky joined Alaska Airlines in March 1998 as Vice President/Marketing and Planning. In 2000 he became Senior Vice President/Marketing and Planning, and in January 2002 was elected Executive Vice President/Marketing and Planning of Alaska Airlines.

 

Mr. Pinneo became Vice President/Passenger Service of Horizon Air Industries in 1990. In January 2002 he was named President and CEO of Horizon Air.

 

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PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON STOCK, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

As of December 31, 2005, there were 33,454,146 shares of common stock of Alaska Air Group, Inc. issued and outstanding and 3,875 shareholders of record. We also held 2,478,779 treasury shares at a cost of $56.6 million. We have not paid dividends on the common stock since 1992. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (symbol: ALK).

 

The following table shows the trading range of Alaska Air Group, Inc. common stock on the New York Stock Exchange.

 

     2005

   2004

     High

   Low

   High

   Low

First Quarter

   $ 34.00    $ 27.45    $ 29.27    $ 22.30

Second Quarter

     31.50      25.55      27.17      19.26

Third Quarter

     35.72      28.38      25.70      18.74

Fourth Quarter

     37.86      28.22      33.67      22.93

 

Sales of Non-Registered Securities

 

None

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

The Company has a shareholder-approved equity plan that enables the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors to make awards of equity-based compensation, which we believe are an important tool to attract and retain key employees.

 

The table below provides information, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year, concerning securities authorized for issuance under current and former equity compensation plans.

 

     (a)    (b)    (c)

Plan Category


   Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights


   Weighted Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights


   Number of Securities
Remaining Available
for Future Issuance
under Equity
Compensation Plans
(excluding Securities
Reflected in Column
(a))


Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

   1,696,809    32.2876    1,229,955

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

   807,570    32.7568    —  

Total

   2,504,379    32.4389    1,229,955

 

The shares to be issued under plans not approved by stockholders relate to the Company’s 1997 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan. This plan was adopted by the Board of Directors in 1997 and did not require stockholder approval because no grants to executive officers were allowed under the plan.

 

1997 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan (the “1997 Plan”)

 

The 1997 Plan terminated on November 3, 2002 and no further awards may be made. Awards granted before that date remain outstanding in accordance with their terms.

 

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2004 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan (the “2004 Plan”)

 

The 2004 Plan became effective on May 18, 2004 and shall terminate on May 18, 2014 unless otherwise terminated earlier by the Board. Under the 2004 Plan, awards can be made to any board director, executive officer or employee of the Company. Awards can be made in the form of stock options, SARs or stock awards. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers the 2004 Plan.

 

In addition, the 2004 Plan authorizes the granting of shares to board members according to the terms described below.

 

Each member of the Board of Directors of the Company who is not employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries is an eligible director. Each year on the first business day following that year’s annual meeting of stockholders, a portion of an eligible director’s annual retainer for services as a director for the coming year is paid in shares of common stock having a total value of $15,000.

 

In addition, each eligible director may elect to reduce his or her annual cash retainer and to receive instead a number of shares of common stock equal in value to the amount of the reduction on the same date the stock payment described above is made.

 

Directors have the right to vote and receive dividends on shares that have been issued under the 2004 Plan. The shares are not forfeited when participants leave the Board or otherwise become ineligible to continue in the 2004 Plan.

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

 

     2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

    2001

 

Consolidated Financial Data:

                                        

Year Ended December 31 (in millions, except per share amounts):

                                        

Operating Revenues

   $ 2,975.3     $ 2,723.8     $ 2,444.8     $ 2,224.1     $ 2,152.8  

Operating Expenses

     2,982.7       2,803.6       2,462.3       2,317.3       2,279.1  

Operating Loss

     (7.4 )     (79.8 )     (17.5 )     (93.2 )     (126.3 )

Nonoperating income (expense), net (a)

     144.6       59.2       46.5       (8.6 )     62.8  

Income (loss) before income tax and accounting change

     137.2       (20.6 )     29.0       (101.8 )     (63.5 )

Income (loss) before accounting change

     84.5       (15.3 )     13.5       (67.2 )     (43.4 )

Net Income (Loss)

   $ (5.9 )   $ (15.3 )   $ 13.5     $ (118.6 )   $ (43.4 )

Average basic shares outstanding

     27.609       26.859       26.648       26.546       26.499  

Average diluted shares outstanding

     33.917       26.859       26.730       26.546       26.499  

Basic earnings (loss) per share before accounting change

   $ 3.06     $ (0.57 )   $ 0.51     $ (2.53 )   $ (1.64 )

Basic earnings (loss) per share (b)(c)

     (0.21 )     (0.57 )     0.51       (4.47 )     (1.64 )

Diluted earnings (loss) per share before accounting change

     2.65       (0.57 )     0.51       (2.53 )     (1.64 )

Diluted earnings (loss) per share (b)(c)

     (0.01 )     (0.57 )     0.51       (4.47 )     (1.64 )
    


 


 


 


 


At End of Period (in millions, except ratio):

                                        

Total assets

   $ 3,792.0     $ 3,335.0     $ 3,259.2     $ 2,880.7     $ 2,950.5  

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current

     969.1       989.6       906.9       856.7       852.2  

Shareholders’ equity

     827.6       664.8       674.2       655.7       851.3  

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (d)

     1.77       0.89       1.22       0.28       0.48  
    


 


 


 


 


Alaska Airlines Operating Data:

                                        

Revenue passengers (000)

     16,759       16,295       15,047       14,154       13,668  

Revenue passenger miles (RPM) (000,000)

     16,915       16,231       14,554       13,186       12,249  

Available seat miles (ASM) (000,000)

     22,292       22,276       20,804       19,360       17,919  

Revenue passenger load factor

     75.9 %     72.9 %     70.0 %     68.1 %     68.4 %

Yield per passenger mile

     12.91 ¢     12.47 ¢     12.65 ¢     12.65 ¢     13.12 ¢

Operating revenues per ASM

     10.84 ¢     10.02 ¢     9.74 ¢     9.47 ¢     9.84 ¢

Operating expenses per ASM

     10.89 ¢     10.41 ¢     9.84 ¢     9.87 ¢     10.24 ¢

Average number of full-time equivalent employees

     9,065       9,968       10,040       10,142       10,115  
    


 


 


 


 


Horizon Air Operating Data (e):

                                        

Revenue passengers (000)

     6,481       5,930       4,934       4,815       4,668  

Revenue passenger miles (RPM) (000,000)

     2,475       2,155       1,640       1,514       1,350  

Available seat miles (ASM) (000,000)

     3,400       3,107       2,569       2,428       2,148  

Revenue passenger load factor

     72.8 %     69.3 %     63.9 %     62.4 %     62.8 %

Yield per passenger mile

     21.98 ¢     22.61 ¢     26.96 ¢     26.02 ¢     28.15 ¢

Operating revenues per ASM

     16.36 ¢     16.20 ¢     18.06 ¢     17.29 ¢     19.02 ¢

Operating expenses per ASM

     16.18 ¢     15.90 ¢     17.76 ¢     17.87 ¢     21.02 ¢

Average number of full-time equivalent employees

     3,456       3,423       3,359       3,476       3,764  

(a) Includes capitalized interest of $8.9 million, $1.7 million, $2.3 million, $2.7 million and $10.6 million for 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.
(b) For 2002, basic and diluted earnings per share include $(1.94) per share for the $51.4 million cumulative effect of the accounting change in connection with the impairment of goodwill.
(c) For 2005, basic and diluted earnings per share include $(3.27) per share and $(2.66) per share, respectively, for the $90.4 million, net of tax, cumulative effect of the change in accounting policy for major airframe and engine overhauls.
(d) For 2004, 2002 and 2001 earnings are inadequate to cover fixed charges by $17.4 million, $99.5 million, and $69.1 million, respectively. See Exhibit 12 to this Form 10-K.
(e) Includes Horizon services operated as Frontier JetExpress in 2005 and 2004.

 

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Table of Contents

Alaska Airlines Financial and Statistical Data

 

     Quarter Ended December 31

    Year Ended December 31

 
     2005

    2004

    %
Change


    2005

    2004

    %
Change


 

Financial Data (in millions):

                                            

Operating Revenues:

                                            

Passenger

   $ 526.4     $ 477.8     10.2     $ 2,183.0     $ 2,023.6     7.9  

Freight and mail

     21.9       21.1     3.8       90.3       86.4     4.5  

Other—net

     38.9       32.4     20.1       142.8       123.0     16.1  
    


 


       


 


     

Total Operating Revenues

     587.2       531.3     10.5       2,416.1       2,233.0     8.2  
    


 


       


 


     

Operating Expenses:

                                            

Wages and benefits

     181.2       187.9     (3.6 )     737.4       799.7     (7.8 )

Contracted services

     32.9       26.2     25.6       119.9       96.5     24.2  

Aircraft fuel

     170.9       135.6     26.0       626.6       472.0     32.8  

Aircraft maintenance

     41.7       34.5     20.9       185.2       145.8     27.0  

Aircraft rent

     29.6       28.0     5.7       116.8       113.5     2.9  

Food and beverage service

     12.5       11.9     5.0       47.7       49.8     (4.2 )

Selling expenses

     29.0       31.1     (6.8 )     126.9       132.2     (4.0 )

Depreciation and amortization

     32.5       32.9     (1.2 )     125.4       128.1     (2.1 )

Landing fees and other rentals

     40.4       35.9     12.5       161.9       142.0     14.0  

Other

     39.0       38.2     2.1       158.7       148.6     6.8  

Restructuring charges

     (0.3 )     25.9     NM       20.4       53.4     NM  

Impairment of aircraft and related spare parts

     —         —       —         —         36.8     NM  
    


 


       


 


     

Total Operating Expenses

     609.4       588.1     3.6       2,426.9       2,318.4     4.7  
    


 


       


 


     

Operating Loss

     (22.2 )     (56.8 )   NM       (10.8 )     (85.4 )   NM  
    


 


       


 


     

Interest income

     9.4       6.2             32.5       26.2        

Interest expense

     (14.3 )     (11.0 )           (51.2 )     (44.1 )      

Interest capitalized

     3.6       0.4             8.1       1.1        

Fuel hedging gains (losses)

     (21.5 )     (6.8 )           150.6       75.3        

Other—net

     (1.3 )     (0.9 )           (5.0 )     (0.1 )      
    


 


       


 


     
       (24.1 )     (12.1 )           135.0       58.4        
    


 


       


 


     

Income (Loss) Before Income Tax and Accounting Change

   $ (46.3 )   $ (68.9 )   NM     $ 124.2     $ (27.0 )   NM  
    


 


       


 


     

Operating Statistics:

                                            

Revenue passengers (000)

     4,043       3,998     1.1       16,759       16,295     2.8  

RPMs (000,000)

     4,104       3,976     3.2       16,915       16,231     4.2  

ASMs (000,000)

     5,556       5,452     1.9       22,292       22,276     0.1  

Passenger load factor

     73.9 %     72.9 %   1.0 pts     75.9 %     72.9 %   3.0 pts

Yield per passenger mile

     12.83 ¢     12.02 ¢   6.7       12.91 ¢     12.47 ¢   3.5  

Operating revenue per ASM

     10.57 ¢     9.75 ¢   8.5       10.84 ¢     10.02 ¢   8.1  

Operating expenses per ASM (a)

     10.97 ¢     10.79 ¢   1.7       10.89 ¢     10.41 ¢   4.6  

Operating expenses per ASM excluding fuel, navigation fee refund, restructuring and impairment charges (a)

     7.90 ¢     7.83 ¢   1.0       8.01 ¢     7.92 ¢   1.1  

Raw fuel cost per gallon (a)

   $ 2.02     $ 1.60     26.3     $ 1.84     $ 1.37     34.3  

GAAP fuel cost per gallon (a)

   $ 1.99     $ 1.56     27.6     $ 1.81     $ 1.33     36.2  

Economic fuel cost per gallon (a)

   $ 1.69     $ 1.40     20.7     $ 1.53     $ 1.26     21.5  

Fuel gallons (000,000)

     85.7       87.1     (1.6 )     346.4       354.7     (2.3 )

Average number of full-time equivalent employees

     8,937       9,433     (5.3 )     9,065       9,968     (9.1 )

Aircraft utilization (blk hrs/day)

     10.8       10.8     0.0       10.8       11.0     (1.8 )

Operating fleet at period-end

     110       108     1.9       110       108     1.9  

NM = Not Meaningful

(a) See Note A on page 20.

 

18


Table of Contents

Horizon Air Financial and Statistical Data

 

    Quarter Ended December 31

    Year Ended December 31

 
    2005

    2004

    %
Change


    2005

    2004

    %
Change


 

Financial Data (in millions):

                                           

Operating Revenues:

                                           

Passenger

  $ 138.2     $ 125.1     10.5     $ 544.0     $ 487.3     11.6  

Freight and mail

    0.9       0.9     0.0       3.8       3.9     (2.6 )

Other—net

    1.8       2.9     (37.9 )     8.6       12.0     (28.3 )
   


 


       


 


     

Total Operating Revenues

    140.9       128.9     9.3       556.4       503.2     10.6  
   


 


       


 


     

Operating Expenses:

                                           

Wages and benefits

    46.8       41.4     13.0       178.4       163.5     9.1  

Contracted services

    6.1       5.3     15.1       23.8       20.7     15.0  

Aircraft fuel

    25.9       20.3     27.6       96.2       68.7     40.0  

Aircraft maintenance

    12.2       11.7     4.3       43.3       38.3     13.1  

Aircraft rent

    17.4       17.9     (2.8 )     70.2       73.9     (5.0 )

Food and beverage service

    0.6       0.5     20.0       2.5       2.1     19.0  

Selling expenses

    7.0       6.6     6.1       29.1       26.5     9.8  

Depreciation and amortization

    4.8       3.7     29.7       16.8       13.4     25.4  

Landing fees and other rentals

    12.0       10.2     17.6       47.7       41.4     15.2  

Other

    11.2       10.8     3.7       42.2       42.0     0.5  

Impairment of aircraft and related spare parts

    —         0.6     NM       —         3.4     NM  
   


 


       


 


     

Total Operating Expenses

    144.0       129.0     11.6       550.2       493.9     11.4  
   


 


       


 


     

Operating Income (Loss)

    (3.1 )     (0.1 )   NM       6.2       9.3     NM  
   


 


       


 


     

Interest income

    0.6       0.2             1.6       1.1        

Interest expense

    (1.2 )     (0.7 )           (5.5 )     (3.9 )      

Interest capitalized

    0.4       0.2             0.8       0.6        

Fuel hedging gains (losses)

    (3.2 )     (1.0 )           23.3       10.2        

Other—net

    (0.1 )     (0.2 )           —         (0.2 )      
   


 


       


 


     
      (3.5 )     (1.5 )           20.2       7.8        
   


 


       


 


     

Income (Loss) Before Income Tax and Accounting Change

  $ (6.6 )   $ (1.6 )   NM     $ 26.4     $ 17.1     NM  
   


 


       


 


     

Operating Statistics:

                                           

Revenue passengers (000)

    1,613       1,568     2.9       6,481       5,930     9.3  

RPMs (000,000)

    632       569     11.1       2,475       2,155     14.8  

ASMs (000,000)

    858       793     8.2       3,400       3,107     9.4  

Passenger load factor

    73.7 %     71.7 %   2.0 pts     72.8 %     69.3 %   3.5 pts

Yield per passenger mile

    21.87 ¢     21.99 ¢   (0.5 )     21.98 ¢     22.61 ¢   (2.8 )

Operating revenue per ASM

    16.42 ¢     16.25 ¢   1.0       16.36 ¢     16.20 ¢   1.0  

Operating expenses per ASM (a)

    16.78 ¢     16.26 ¢   3.2       16.18 ¢     15.90 ¢   1.8  

Operating expenses per ASM excluding fuel and impairment charges (a)

    13.76 ¢     13.62 ¢   1.1       13.35 ¢     13.58 ¢   (1.7 )

Raw fuel cost per gallon (a)

  $ 2.06     $ 1.66     24.1     $ 1.90     $ 1.42     33.8  

GAAP fuel cost per gallon (a)

  $ 2.04     $ 1.62     25.9     $ 1.87     $ 1.38     35.5  

Economic fuel cost per gallon (a)

  $ 1.74     $ 1.48     17.6     $ 1.58     $ 1.31     20.6  

Fuel gallons (000,000)

    12.7       12.5     1.6       51.3       49.7     3.2  

Average number of full-time equivalent employees

    3,537       3,493     1.3       3,456       3,423     1.0  

Aircraft utilization (blk hrs/day)

    8.7       8.5     2.4       8.7       8.3     4.8  

Operating fleet at period-end

    65       65     0.0       65       65     0.0  

NM = Not Meaningful

(a) See Note A on page 20.

 

19


Table of Contents

Note A:

 

Pursuant to Item 10 of Regulation S-K, we are providing disclosure of the reconciliation of reported non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable financial measures reported on a GAAP basis. The non-GAAP financial measures provide management the ability to measure and monitor performance both with and without the cost of aircraft fuel (including the gains and losses associated with our fuel hedging program where appropriate), the navigation fee refund, restructuring charges or adjustments thereto, and aircraft impairment charges. Because the cost and availability of aircraft fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control and we record changes in the fair value of our hedge portfolio in our income statement, it is our view that the measurement and monitoring of performance without fuel is important. In addition, we believe the disclosure of financial performance without impairment and restructuring charges is useful to investors. Finally, these non-GAAP financial measures are also more comparable to financial measures reported to the Department of Transportation by other major network airlines.

 

The following tables reconcile our non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures for both Alaska Airlines, Inc. and Horizon Air Industries, Inc.:

 

Alaska Airlines, Inc.:

 

($ in millions)

 

     Three Months
Ended December 31,


    Twelve Months Ended
December 31,


 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 

Unit cost reconciliations:

                                

Operating expenses

   $ 609.4     $ 588.1     $ 2,426.9     $ 2,318.4  

ASMs (000,000)

     5,556       5,452       22,292       22,276  
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses per ASM

     10.97 ¢     10.79 ¢     10.89 ¢     10.41 ¢
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses

   $ 609.4     $ 588.1     $ 2,426.9     $ 2,318.4  

Less: aircraft fuel

     (170.9 )     (135.6 )     (626.6 )     (472.0 )

Less: restructuring charges

     0.3       (25.9 )     (20.4 )     (53.4 )

Add: navigation fee refund

     —         —         4.7       7.7  

Less: impairment of aircraft and related spare parts

     —         —         —         (36.8 )
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses excluding fuel, navigation fee refund, restructuring and impairment charges

   $ 438.8     $ 426.6     $ 1,784.6     $ 1,763.9  

ASMs (000,000)

     5,556       5,452       22,292       22,276  
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses per ASM excluding fuel, navigation fee refund, restructuring and impairment charges

     7.90 ¢     7.83 ¢     8.01 ¢     7.92 ¢
    


 


 


 


Reconciliation to GAAP income (loss) before taxes and accounting change:

                                

Income (loss) before taxes and accounting change, excluding mark-to-market hedging gains (losses), navigation fee refund, restructuring and impairment charges

   $ 0.5     $ (22.7 )   $ 85.8     $ 2.1  

Add: mark-to-market hedging gains (losses) included in nonoperating income (expense)

     (47.1 )     (20.3 )     53.1       50.1  

Less: restructuring charges

     0.3       (25.9 )     (20.4 )     (53.4 )

Add: navigation fee refund and related interest received

     —         —         5.7       11.0  

Less: impairment of aircraft and related spare parts

     —         —         —         (36.8 )
    


 


 


 


GAAP income (loss) before taxes and accounting change as reported

   $ (46.3 )   $ (68.9 )   $ 124.2     $ (27.0 )
    


 


 


 


 

20


Table of Contents
     Three Months Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 
     (in millions)

    Cost/Gal

    (in millions)

    Cost/Gal

 

Aircraft fuel reconciliations:

                                

Fuel expense before hedge activities (“raw” or “into-plane” fuel cost)

   $ 172.7     $ 2.02     $ 139.3     $ 1.60  

Less: gains on settled hedges included in fuel expense

     (1.8 )     (0.03 )     (3.7 )     (0.04 )
    


 


 


 


GAAP fuel expense

   $ 170.9     $ 1.99     $ 135.6     $ 1.56  

Less: gains on settled hedges included in nonoperating income (expense)

     (25.6 )     (0.30 )     (13.5 )     (0.16 )
    


 


 


 


Economic fuel expense

   $ 145.3     $ 1.69     $ 122.1     $ 1.40  
    


 


 


 


Fuel gallons (000,000)

     85.7               87.1          
    


         


       
Mark-to-market gains (losses) included in non-operating income (expense) related to hedges that settle in future periods, net of the reclassification of previously recorded mark-to-market gains to gains on settled hedges included in nonoperating income (expense)    $ (47.1 )           $ (20.3 )        
    


         


       
     Twelve Months Ended December 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 
     (in millions)

    Cost/Gal

    (in millions)

    Cost/Gal

 

Fuel expense before hedge activities (“raw” or “into-plane” fuel cost)

   $ 637.9     $ 1.84     $ 486.6     $ 1.37  

Less: gains on settled hedges included in fuel expense

     (11.3 )     (0.03 )     (14.6 )     (0.04 )
    


 


 


 


GAAP fuel expense

   $ 626.6     $ 1.81     $ 472.0     $ 1.33  

Less: gains on settled hedges included in nonoperating income (expense)

     (97.5 )     (0.28 )     (25.2 )     (0.07 )
    


 


 


 


Economic fuel expense

   $ 529.1     $ 1.53     $ 446.8     $ 1.26  
    


 


 


 


Fuel gallons (000,000)

     346.4               354.7          
    


         


       
Mark-to-market gains included in non-operating income (expense) related to hedges that settle in future periods, net of the reclassification of previously recorded mark-to-market gains to gains on settled hedges included in nonoperating income (expense)    $ 53.1             $ 50.1          
    


         


       

 

21


Table of Contents

Horizon Air Industries, Inc.

($ in millions)

 

     Three Months Ended
December 31,


    Twelve Months Ended
December 31,


 
         2005    

        2004    

        2005    

        2004    

 

Unit cost reconciliations:

                                

Operating expenses

   $ 144.0     $ 129.0     $ 550.2     $ 493.9  

ASMs (000,000)

     858       793       3,400       3,107  
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses per ASM

     16.78 ¢     16.26 ¢     16.18 ¢     15.90 ¢
    


 


 


 


Operating expenses

   $ 144.0     $ 129.0     $ 550.2     $ 493.9  

Less: aircraft fuel

     (25.9 )     (20.3 )     (96.2 )     (68.7 )

Less: impairment of aircraft and related spare parts

     —         (0.6 )     —         (3.4 )